北师大版初二(上)英语第6讲：unit 3 语法篇(教师版)

Unit 3语法篇

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理解并掌握形容词比较级、最高级的用法

形容词比较级、最高级

一、形容词比较级、最高级变化规则

1.单音节词的变化：

2. 双音节、多音节词的变化：

(1) 少数以-er, ow, -ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-e结尾的词只

加-r和-st。eg: clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest able abler ablest，其他双音节都在前面加单词more和most。

(2) 多音节词

三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most。例如：more/most beautiful

但是，以形容前缀un开头的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy, untidy，我们可以说：

unhappier→unhappiest untidier→untidiest

(3) 由--ing分词和--ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或

most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。

more(most) striking more(most) interesting more(most) wounded

3. 不规则形式

good /well better best

bad /ill worse worst

many /much more most

little less least

far farther farthest /further furthest

old older oldest /elder eldest

二、形容词原级、比较级和最高级的用法

1. 形容词原级用法：

(1)修饰原级的词：very, too, so, quite

(2)同级比较as + adj 原级+ as 例如：Tom is as tall as Mike. Tom和Mike一样高。

not + as + adj/ adv 原级+ as 例如：Tom is not as tall as Mike. Tom不如Mike高。

2. 比较级的用法

(1). 两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词than例如：Tom is taller than John. Tom比John高。

(2). Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ? 例如：

Which is easier, maths or English? 数学和英语哪个更容易？

(3). A is the +比较级+ of the two.表示两者中“较……”，例如：

Tom is the taller of the two boys. Tom是这两个男孩中较高的。

(4). 比较级+ and + 比较级，“越来越…”例如：

Now it is hotter and hotte r. 现在越来越热。

(5).The + 比较级…, the + 比较级…“越…，越…”，例如：

The more, the better. 越多越好。

The more you practice, the easier it becomes. 你练得越多，做起来就变得越容易。

(6). 比较对象相同，可用that/those代替第二个比较对象，例如：

The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan. 上海的天气比武汉的好。

(7).能修饰比较级的副词及短语：much/a lot/far(…的多)、a little/a bit(…一点儿) 、even(甚至更…，

还…)、still（还要…，更…），例如：

This city is much more beautiful than that one. 这个城市比那个美丽得多。

Today is even hotter than yesterday. 今天甚至比昨天都热。

3. 形容词最高级用法

(1).the+最高级+ of/in (三者及以上范围的)，例如：

Roses are the most beautiful of all flowers. 玫瑰是所有花中最漂亮的。

(2).Which/Who is the + 最高级A ,B or C ? 例如：

Which is the biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun ? 月亮、地球和太阳，哪个最大？

(3).one of the + 最高级+ 名词复数+ in/of

Shenzhen is one of the biggest cities in China. 深圳是中国最大城市之一。

(4). the + 序数词+ 最高级+ 名词+ in/of

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。

(5). This is the + 最高级+ 名词(that) I have ever seen/listened.

This is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited. 这是我参观过的最漂亮的城市。

1. ---Which season do you like______, winter or summer? ---Summer.

A. well

B. better

C. best

D. the best

2. Mo Yan is one of ________writers in the world.

A. famous

B. more famous

C. most famous

D. the most famous

3. It’s possible to get 100 dollars a day in this company, and some days you can get________.

A. much

B. more

C. little

D. fewer

4. There will be_______jobs for people because some robots will do the same jobs as people.

A. many

B. more

C. fewer

D. fewest

5. ---Nick, what kind of movies do you like______, action movies or comedies?

---Comedies, I think.

A. good

B. better

C. best

D. well

6. ---What do you think of her teaching English?

---Great! No one teaches________in our school.

A. good

B. worse

C. better

D. best

7. ---It’s smoggy these days. That’s terrible!

---Yes, I hope to plant trees. ____________trees, ____________air pollution.

A. The more; the fewer

B. The less; the more

C. The less; the fewer

D. The more; the less

解析：

1. 由句中的“winter or summer”可知是两者之间的比较，需用比较级。题意为“夏天和冬天你更喜欢哪一个？”故选B。

2. 由句中的“in the world”可知，需使用最高级。题意为“莫言是世界上最著名的作家之一。”故选D。

3.根据题意“在这家公司可能一天得到100美元，并且有时候可能得到更多”，可知需用比较级。故选B。

4. 由后文的“机器人将可以和人类做一样的工作，”可知应该是工作将会更少。题意为“因为机器人将可以和人类做一样的工作，将来会有更少的工作。”故选C。

5. 由句中的“action movies or comedies”可知两者之间的比较需用比较级。题意为“—动作片和喜剧你更喜欢哪一个？—我想是喜剧。”故选B。

6. 题意为“—你认为她英语教得怎么样？—很棒！在我们学校没有人比她教得还好了。”句中虽有表示范围的in our school，但根据句意可知，此处是在学校的其他教师与她进行比较，故需用比较级，故选C。

7. the+比较级，the + 比较级，表示“越…越…”题意为“树越多，空气污染就越少。”tree是可数名词，故用more来修饰；air pollution不可数，故用less修饰。故选D。

答案：

1-5 BDBCB 6-7 CD

基础演练

一、填入形容词的适当形式

1. Fred is the __________(short ) in his class .

2. My book is ________( new ) than my sister’s .

3. That piece of chicken is the _________( heavy )in the fridge.

4. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.

5. Our classroom is _____ (wide) and _____ (bright) than yours.

6. Which is________(strong)Li Lei or Wu Tong?

7. They are too____(young) to _____(carry) the bag.

8. It is so______(hot)_____ we stay at home.

9. She is a very_______(clever) girl.

10. Li Lei is as ______(strong) as John.

二、单项选择

1. Jane is_________than Betty.

A. taller

B. tall

C. tallest

D. not as tall

2. The Yellow River is one of _________rivers in China.

A. long

B. longer

C. longest

D. the longest

3. ---Which is_______, the sun, the moon, or the earth? ---Of course, the moon is.

A. small

B. smaller

C. the smallest

D. smallest

4. In our city, it’s______in July, but it’s_______even in August.

A. hotter; hottest

B. hot; hot

C. hotter; hot

D. hot; hotter

5. Someone says “Time is money. ” But I think time is_______important than money.

A. least

B. much

C. even more

D. much least

巩固提高

一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空

1. He is________(bad) at learning maths. He is much_______( bad) at Chinese and he is the______( bad)at English.

2. The Yangze River is very_______(long). In fact, it’s _________( long)river in China.

3. Which do you like___________(well) of all the coats?

4. The_______(much), the __________(good).

5. Saturday is my ________(busy) day in a week.

6. Sue is a little ___________( beautiful) than her sister.

7. He is one of the___________(friendly) people in the class, I think.

8. Toronto is ___________(large) city in Canada.

9. Good health is_____________(important) thing in life.

10. Which eats____________(many), the mouse, the dog or the horse?

二、根据中文提示完成句子

1.在男子跳高中比赛中他赢得了金牌。

He won the_______________ in the ____________________.

2. 姚明是最高的篮球运动员。

Yao Ming is________________________________________.

3.他是我们班第二高的学生。

He is the_________________student in our class.

4.他是我们班最强壮和最终的人。

He is the__________and ___________ in our class.

5.他游泳游得最快。

He ____________________.

三、翻译

1. 北京以众多的名胜古迹而闻名于世。

____________________________________________________________________

2.多做运动，你会更强壮。

____________________________________________________________________

3. 这首歌很受年轻人的欢迎。

____________________________________________________________________

4. 过去的几年我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。

____________________________________________________________________

5. Tim比去年强壮得多。Tina也是。

____________________________________________________________________

答案

基础演练

一、填入形容词的适当形式

1.shortest

2. newer

3. heaviest

4. kindest

5. wider; brighter

6. stronger

7. young; carry

8. hot; that

9. clever 10. strong

二、单项选择

1-5 ADCDC

巩固提高

一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空

1. bad; worse; worst

2. long; the longest

3. best

4. more, better

5. busiest

6. more beautiful

7. friendliest 8. the largest 9. the most important

10. most

二、根据中文提示完成句子

1. gold medal; men’s high jump competition

2. the tallest basketball player

3.second tallest

4. strongest; heaviest

5. swims fastest

三、翻译

1. Beijing is famous for its many places of interest.

2. Do more exercise, and you will be stronger soon.

3. This song is popular with the young people.

4. Great changes has taken place in my hometown in the past few years.

5. Tim is much stronger than last year. So is Tina.

一、单项选择

1. She became a famous writer_________the age of 37.

A. in

B. at

C. on

D. to

2. Mike never gave up and at last he_________.

A. success

B. succeeded

C. successful

D. successfully

3. The V oice of China became one of _________TV shows last year.

A. popular

B. more popular

C. much popular

D. the most popular

4. The students are very__________in this_________story.

A. interesting; interesting

B. interested; interested

C. interesting; interested

D. interested; interesting

5.Which country is_______, Russia or America?

A. big

B. bigger

C. more bigger

D. much big

6. The total population of China is___________larger than that in Canada.

A. very

B. too

C. much

D. many

7. My hometown is_____________beautiful than his.

A. very much

B. more much

C. much more

D. very more

8. ---Which is_______________in Beijing? --- I think it’s autumn.

A. good

B. better

C. best

D. the best

9. China is______________country in the world.

A. the third largest

B. the largest third

C. the third large

D. a third largest

10. The air in Beijing is getting much________than a few years ago.

A. clean

B. cleaner

C. cleanest

D. the cleanest

二、完形填空

Many parents want their children to be famous one day. But do children have the same 1 ?

A new 2 ---Hi, Ke’ai is on at Beijing Children’s Art Theater. It tells the story of a boy called Ke’ai. His parents would like him to become a painter or a 3 one day. They teach him to 4 and to play the violin, but Ke’ai doesn’t enjoy these activities. Then one day Ke’ai’s parents see Liu Xiang win a gold 5 at the Athens Olympic Games, and they want him to be a sportsman.

“ 6 do they want me to be someone else?” Ke’ai asks and says, “I only want to be 7 .”

The play shows us that it is good for parents to learn to 8 their children. It helps children to think about what kids want to do.

Young audiences (观众) enjoy the story, and also the 9 in the play. There are two songs in the play. One of them, “Ke’ai’s Song”, is very 10 to learn, so the audiences can sing the song on their way home after the play!

1. A. jobs B. dreams C. habits D. hobbies

2. A. song B. film C. play D. opera

3. A. writer B. teacher C. sportsman D. musician

4. A. paint B. write C. run D. drive

5. A. match B. ring C. medal D. race

6. A. How B. Why C. When D. Where

7. A. myself B. different C. alone D. great

8. A. encourage B. understand C. criticize D. inspire

9. A. light B. clothes C. skill D. music

10. A. easy B. difficult C. important D. necessary

答案

一、单项选择1-5 BBDDB 6-10 CCDAB

二、完形填空1-5 BCDAC 6-10 BABDA

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

一、单项选择

1. Lucy loves music and she takes lessons.

A. cooking

B. acting

C. piano

D. history

2. ---Where do you live?

---I live an apartment.

A. in

B. of

C. for

D. on

3. --- you come to play soccer with me? ---Sure, I’d love to.

A. Need

B. May

C. Must

D. Can

4. Beijing has become much than before.

A. beautiful

B. more beautiful

C. most beautiful

D. the most beautiful

5. milk do we need to make the bread?

A. How many

B. How much

C. How long

D. How often

(附：单选1-5, 2014-2015学年海淀区八年级第一学期期末练习英语)

二、阅读理解

A

Many things can make summer great: swimming, camping, and the World Cup! The 20th FIFA World Cup will take place in Brazil from June 13 to July 14. Get ready for it!

People around the world love football. The sport is very easy and cheap to play. All you need is a ball. Anyone or any country, rich or poor, can play it. A small or poor country like Ghana could never beat the US at the Olympics. But they can send the US home at the World Cup.

In countries like Brazil and England, football is so popular that it has become part of their culture. People there will be very happy and proud if their national team wins the World Cup. This summer thousands of England fans will go to cheer for their team in Brazil, even though the trip could cost each of them 10,000 pounds!

World Cup Numbers

●The FIFA World Cup happens every four years.

●Thirty-two teams play in the World Cup.

●The World Cup usually lasts 30 days.

●Only eight nations have won the 19 World Cup titles (冠军头衔). Brazil is on top of the list with 5 wins. Others include Italy, Germany, Argentina, Uruguay, England, France and Spain.

●According to FIFA, 3.2 billion people watched the 2010 World Cup. That is nearly half of the world population.

1. The final of the 20th FIFA World Cup will take place in Brazil _______.

A. at the end of June

B. at the beginning of July

C. On June 13th

D. On July 14th

2. Why do you think people around the world love football?

A. It's easy and cheap to play.

B. It can make summer great.

C. It's played from June 13 to July 14.

D. It's the same as swimming and camping.

3. Although the US is very powerful at the Olympics, _________.

A. it can't beat anyone at the World Cup

B. it can be beaten at the World Cup

C. it can't get ready for the World Cup

D. it draws 3.2 billion people's attention

4. A large amount of cost can't prevent thousands of England fans from _______.

A. sending the US home at the World Cup

B. becoming happy and proud of their country

C. going to cheer for their team in Brazil

D. taking football as part of their culture

5. Among all the eight nations who have won the 19 World Cup titles, Brazil _______.

A. follows other seven nations

B. is the fifth on the list

C. is lucky to win every time

D. is on top of the list

B

Mr. Smith made many tests (作试验) with different animals and the monkey was the cleverest of all the animals. One day Mr. Smith put a monkey in a room. He also put some small boxes in it. In one of the boxes there was some food. "How long will it take the monkey to find the food?" Mr. Smith said to himself. "Let me wait and see." He left the room and waited outside. Three minutes later, he put his eye to the keyhole (钥匙眼). What did he see? He saw the eye of the monkey. The monkey was on the other side of the door and looked at Mr. Smith through the keyhole.

6. Mr. Smith made tests with _____.

A. different animals

B. the monkey only

C. all the monkeys

D. all of the cleverest animals

7. There was some food in _____ of the small boxes.

A. some

B. none

C. one

D. each

8. Mr. Smith put a monkey and some boxes in a room because he wanted to know_____.

A. how much food monkey could find

B. how many boxes the monkey could carry

C. how long it would take the monkey to put its eye to the keyhole

D. how long it would take the monkey to find the food

9. What was the monkey doing when Mr. Smith was putting his eye to the keyhole?

A. The monkey was eating food.

B. The monkey was looking for food.

C. The monkey was eating on the other side of the door.

D. The monkey was looking at Mr. Smith through the keyhole.

10. Mr. Smith is a _____.

A. teacher

B. scientist (科学家)

C. doctor

D. farm worker

C

The weather is getting hotter. You are thirsty playing basketball or riding home from school. A cold drink may be just the thing. But be careful what you are drinking. Something that looks cool may not be good for your health. There are plenty of "energy(能量) drinks" on the market. Most of them have beautiful colors and cool names. The lists on them tell you they are helpful to your health. Sounds great!

But after a careful check you may find that most energy drinks have lots of caffeine (咖啡因) in them. These drinks are especially(尤其) aimed at(针对) young people, students, busy people and sports players. Makers sometimes say their drinks make you better at sports and can keep you awake. But be careful not to drink too much.

Caffeine makes your heart beat(跳动) fast. Because of this, the International Olympic Committee has limited( 限制) its use. Caffeine in most energy drinks is at least as strong as that in a cup of coffee or tea. Possible health dangers have something to do with energy drinks. Just one box of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty sleeping and can even cause heart problems. Scientists say that teenagers should be discouraged from taking drinks with a lot of caffeine in them.

11. Many people like drinking energy drinks because of the following EXCEPT that ________.

A. they have beautiful colors and cool names

B. they have lots of caffeine

C. they can keep them awake and better at sports

D. they are said to be helpful to health

12. The main reason for people not to drink too much energy drinks is that they may cause ________.

A. heart problems

B. nervousness

C. sleeping difficulty

D. possible health dangers

13. The underlined word "discouraged" can be replaced(替换) with “_____”.

A. encouraged

B. stopped

C. helped

D. disliked

14. From the passage we can know that _________.

A. advertisements are important in getting people to buy energy drinks

B. energy drinks are helpful to teenagers’ study

C. sports players need to drink a lot of energy drinks

D. energy drinks are especially aimed at teenagers

15. Which of the following can be the best title(标题) of the passage?

A. What's the Use of Energy Drinks?

B. Who Can Drink Energy Drinks

C. What's That in Energy Drinks?

D. Why Can't We Buy Energy Drink

答案

一、单项选择1-5 CADBB

二、阅读理解(A) 1-5 DABCD

(B) 6-10 ACDDB

(C) 11-15 BDBAC

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