四级翻译训练
第二部分四级汉译英核心词汇
1. 发明：
中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China
火药gunpowder
印刷术printing
造纸术paper-making
指南针the compass
书法calligraphy
文房四宝(笔墨纸砚)：The Four Treasure of the Study (Brush, Ink-stick, Paper, and Ink-stone)
2. 艺术：
京剧Peking opera
秦腔Qin opera
相声comic cross talk
杂技acrobatics
踩高跷stilt walk
木偶戏puppet show
皮影戏shadowplay
折子戏opera highlight
泥人clay figure
口技ventriloquism
花灯festival lantern
灯谜lantern riddle
刺绣embroidery
剪纸paper cutting
针灸acupuncture
中国画traditional Chinese painting
水墨画Chinese brush painting
中国结Chinese knot
3. 美食：
小吃摊snack bar/snack stand
月饼moon cake
年糕rice cake
油条deep-fried dough sticks
豆浆soybean milk
馒头steamed buns
花卷steamed twisted rolls
包子steamed stuffed buns
拉面hand-stretched noodles
馄饨wonton (dumplings in soup)
豆腐tofu; bean curd
麻花fried dough twist
蛋炒饭fried rice with egg
4. 节日：
春节：the Spring Festival
元宵节：the Lantern Festival
清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day
端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival
中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day
重阳节：the Double-ninth Day
七夕节：the Double-seventh Day
5. 名著：
《大学》The Great Learning
《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》The Analects of Confucius
《孟子》The Mencius
《孙子兵法》The Art of War
《三国演义》Three Kingdoms
《西游记》Journey to the West
《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions
《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes
《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror
《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals
《史记》Historical Records
《诗经》The Book of Songs
《易经》The Book of Changes
《礼记》The Book of Rites
《三字经》Three-character Scriptures
6. 旅游景点：
秦始皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑Terracotta Warriors and Horses
大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda
丝绸之路the Silk Road
敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes
华清池Huaqing Hot Springs
五台山Wutai Mountain
九华山Jiuhua Mountain
蛾眉山Mount Emei
泰山Mount Tai
黄山Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain
故宫the Imperial Palace
天坛the Temple of Heaven
苏州园林Suzhou gardens
西湖West Lake
九寨沟Jiuzhaigou Valley
日月潭Sun Moon Lake
布达拉宫Potala Palace
2.翻译下列短文，并分析每个句子类型。
1）Two men were standing at a bar. One man turned to the other and said,“I ?ll bet you ＄100 that I can bite my left eye.”The wager（赌注）was accepted, and the man popped out （挖出）his glass eye and bit it.
“ Now,” he said, “ I?ll give you a chance to win your money back. I”ll bet you another ＄100 t hat I can bite my right eye.”“ He can’t have two glass eyes,”thought the other man, and he plunked down（重重摔下）his money.
Then the first man took out his false teeth and bit his right eye.
2）Losers look for quick fixes.
There are two ways of getting rid of weeds in your yard: the easy way and the not-so-easy way. The easy way may be to run a lawnmower and the yard looks fine for a while, but that is a temporary answer. Soon the weeds are back. But the not-so-easy way may mean getting down on your hands and knees and pulling out the weeds by the roots. It is time-consuming and painful, but the weeds will stay away for a longer time. The first solution appeared easy, but the problem remained.
The second solution was not so easy, but took care of the problem from the roots. The key is to get to the root of the problem.
The same thing is true of our attitude in life. The problem with people today is that they want instant answer. They are looking for one-minute solutions to everything. Just like instant coffee, they want instant happiness. There are no quick fixes. This attitude leads to disappointment or even failure.
3.下面两则笑话故事，都涉及对句子成分的理解，请给出解释。
1) A: A father can lift a pig with one hand. Can your dad do that?
B: I’m not sure. Where do you get a pig with one hand?
2) Hairdresser: I ’ve had a lot of strange customers in my time.
Customer: Have you ever shaved a man with a wooden leg?
Hairdresser: No. I always use a razor.
（四）翻译相关训练
（1）英译汉
1.Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance, is perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived.
2.A painter, sculptor, architect, mathematician, engineer, and inventor, he is famous for a wide range of accomplishments.
3.His natural genius, which crossed multiple disciplines, won him the title of "Renaissance Master".
4. Leonardo is renowned primarily as a painter.
5.Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the best known and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time.
6. What make Leonardo's drawings unique are mainly his innovative techniques and acute scientific mind.
7.Perhaps only 15 of his paintings have survived, partly because his constant experimentation with new techniques made his total output quite small.
8. Although not a prolific (多产的) painter, Leonardo was a most productive draftsman, keeping journals full of sketches, drawings, and diagrams.
9.These notebooks, often referred to as da Vinci's manuscripts, recorded his inventions, observations, and theories about everything that captured his attention.
10.Leonard's genius made him a pioneer in almost every field of study he undertook.
11. His paintings, together with his notebooks, have contributed significantly to the history of art.
译文：
1.莱奥纳多?达?芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，也许也是迄今最多才多艺的人。
2.他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广泛而闻名。
3.他的天赋跨越多个领域，为其赢得了“文艺复兴大师”的称号。
4.莱奥纳多主要作为画家而著名。
5.在其所有作品中，《蒙娜·丽莎》最为有名，而《最后的晚餐》则是历来复制最多的宗教画作。
6.莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。
7.他的画作大约只有15幅流传了下来，其部分原因是他不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。
8.莱奥纳多虽然不是多产画家，却是一位最高产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。
9.这些笔记通常被称为达?芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事物提出的理论。
10.莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。
11.他的画作，连同他的笔记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。
（2）汉译英
水墨画（ink and wash painting）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。
例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意象，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚
至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。
四级翻译考前辅导之三
四级翻译考前辅导之三 4. 状语部分 英语中的状语部分，有时是介词或连词短语，有时是从句。英语的状语部分位置和汉语中的状语位置有时不同，考生做题时要符合汉语表达方式将它提前。故可采用逆向翻译法，即先译后面内容，再译前面的。 例（1）But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory. 【分析】此句中，重点考的是对“almost as well……as they did with it”部分的翻译。首先要分析出句子结构，主语是that引导的同位语从句，谓语是“is”,宾语“victory”。As well … as 则可将其调为“as well as they did with it without government”。这样，整个句子各部分分清楚之后，翻译时把相应状语提前，整个句子表达就通顺了。 【译文】但是，对许多人而言，穷人象以往一样在没有政府救济的情况下，生活照样过得很好，这一事实本身就是一个巨大的胜利。 例（2）What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose profession identity(身份)than to step out of uniform? 【分析】此句只要把“for…,or a waiter”这个状语提前，整个句子结构就容易看出：for…，what easier way is there to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform? 【译文】对于一名护士、一名警察、一为理发师或一名侍者而言，还有什么比脱掉制服更加便利的方法能让他们失去职业身份呢？ 5.同位语从句 同位语从一般都较长，先将该从句用顺译法或合成法（视具体情况而定）译成一独立分句，然后前面的先行词视具体情况取舍或安排。 例（1）We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome. 【分析】此句重点考that引导的同位语从句译法，该从句中还套用一个who引导的定语从句。可以把that引导的同位语从句单独译成一分句。 【译文】给我们留下极深印象的事实是：甚至那些没有被告知严重病情的疾人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的. 例（2）But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well as without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory. 【分析】该句是一个that引导的同位语从句作主语，先将that后面内容翻译出来，然后把“the fact”调到后面作is主语。
大学英语四级翻译练习题 篇汇总
2017年6月大学练习题13篇汇总 1.中国菜 请将下面这段话翻译成英文： 中国菜(cuisine)是中国各地区、各民族各种菜肴的统称，也指发源于中国的烹饪方式。中国菜历史悠久, 流派(genre)众多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。每一菜系因气候、地理、历史、烹饪技巧和生活方式的差异而风格各异。中国菜的调料(seasoning)丰富多样，调料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的灵魂。中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三大菜系之一的中国菜，在海内外享有盛誉。 参考翻译: Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China. With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines". Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on
英语四级翻译练习1-10
英语四级翻译练习1-10 英语四级翻译练习1. 1.I have had great deal of trouble _____________________. (跟得上班上的其他同学) →in keeping up with the rest of the class. 2.I don’t mind your_____________(你延期做出决定) the decision as long as it is not too late. → delaying/postponing/putting off making 3.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_____________(起着不可缺少的作用) in raising children. → play an indispensable role 4.Mark often _______________(试图逃脱罚款) whenever he breaks traffic regulations. → attempts to escape (from) being fined 5.When I __________________(发现他骗我) I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. → found/caught him cheating me 答案及解析： 1.keeping up with the rest of the class. 【超级句型】trouble可以用在句型"have trouble/difficulty in doing sth. " 做某事有困难"中，这时，trouble可以用difficulty来代替。 【超级短语】keep up with意为“跟上……”，指并肩前进，并驾齐驱，不至落后、掉队。catch up with意为“赶上”，指从后边追上或改变落后状。；keep pace with 2.delaying making 【超级单词】mind作及物动词，后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing形式、复合结构、从句等。Delay后接动词时，应该接动词的ing形式。 3.play indispensable roles 【超级短语】play a part/role in起着……作用，饰演……的角色。 4.attempts to escape being fined 【超级单词】escape后面要接动名词形式。常与介词from搭配，如He has escaped from the fire. 5.caught /found him cheating me 【超级句型】find/catch+宾语+宾补,如I found him standing by the river. 英语四级翻译练习2 1.（如果你设法与Smith先生取得联系）___, the problem will be solved easily because he is an expert in this field. Manage to do sth 、Get in touch with →If you manage to get contact with Mr. Smith/get in touch with 2.The problem lies in how people look at those students ___（专心追求知识的）. Be absorbed in doing sth、Be occupied with sth. Pursue/acquire/get Who are absorbed in pursuing knowledge. → who are absorbed in pursuing knowledge. → Being absorbed in pursuing knowledge. 3.On Children's Day, kids ___(有资格免费进入）to all the city parks. → are allowed free of charge to go → have free access to 4.The restaurant next door serves good food, but the one across the street is much better ___（就服务而言）. → as far as sth is concerned → as far as the service is concerned
大学英语四级翻译(全)(20200523141303)
英语四级翻译常用词汇：123个中文高频成语翻译 Automation 1502 YuDeyu 一、复习建议： 1. 加强历史、文化、经济以及社会发展相关热词的积累 2. 广撒网，学习、揣摩这些话题相关的难点单句训练 做这些单句训练时，先阅读1遍整个段落，专门挑出自己觉得比较难翻的句子，然后重点练习这一句的翻译。难句会了，简单句自然不在话下。 在做单句翻译时，先尝试自己翻，翻完以后，对照答案，看解析，总结和揣摩其中好的 词汇和表达。下面请大家跟着教研君给出的常考单句示例，具体学习吧~ 1. 对于大多数年轻人来说，结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切 变得越来越困难。 参考译文：For most young people, marriage means s etting up a family independently, which has become increasingly difficult because of the constantly rising prices. 词汇点评： 组建家庭：set up a family。有同学容易使用start a family。start a family表示begin to have children“开始生儿育女”。 越来越：一般看到“越来越”大家习惯译为more and more，比如“越来越多的人”more and more people，但译为 a growing number of people可令人眼前为之一亮；而表达“变 得越来越”的含义时，使用become increasingly的译法更好。 物价的不断上涨：constantly rising prices，而不是price rising。 表达点评： 本句是一个表转折关系的并列句，后半句中的“物价的不断上涨使这一切……”中的“这一切”指代前半句中提到的“结婚意味着独立组建家庭”，因此，用which引导的非限制性定语从句，让整个句子简洁明了。 使字句的翻译：“物价的不断上涨”是“这一切变得困难”的原因，因此处理为原因状 语，用because of…来带出原因。 2. 过去十年中国房地产（real estate）行业高速发展。 参考译文：The past decade has witnessed a high-speed development in China's real estate. 词汇点评： 十年：decade 高速发展：develop rapidly; high-speed development 表达点评：
四级翻译考前辅导之二
四级翻译考前辅导之二 B．常考的要点 1. 定语从句 翻译定语从句是英译汉中最常见的题型。英语中，定语从句都放在被修辞词后面。关键就是把英语原句中的定语从句翻译成带“的”的定语词组，放置于被修饰词之前。，即把英语的后置定语译在被修饰的名词或代词前。 例（1） We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome. 【分析】此句中有个who引导的定语从句修饰前面的“those patients”,我们要用合成翻译法把who引导的定语从句变成一个前置性定语来修饰“patients”。 【译文】给我们留下极深印象的是：即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。 例（2）Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. 【分析】此句中that引导的定语从句修饰先行词“features”,考生只要用合成翻译法把该定语从句变成一个前置性定语。 【译文】即使是老道的作家也很可能不能完全描述出决定人的面孔各不相同的所有特征。 但是，如果定语从句较长，将它翻译成前置的定语，就会不符合汉语表达的习惯。在此种情况下，往往把该定语从句用转换法把翻译成并列的分句或作插入语，放在原来它所修饰词后面。 例（1） They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 【分析】此句中Which引导的定语从句较长，我们可以用转换法把它译成并列分词。 【译文】他们正在为实现这一理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人内心所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人曾为它而牺牲了自己的生命。 例（2）Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. 【分析】此句that引导的定语从句也较长。如果不能精炼地表达出that后面内容而又把它放在“features”前，就不符合汉语表达方式。此时，可用转换法把该从句变成一并列分句。【译文】即使是最老道的作家也很可能描述出全部特征，这些特征能够体现出各人面孔的不同。 2. 宾词从句 四级英译汉试题中的宾语从句较容易，没有复杂结构。故此类试题可以顺着字面的内容从前向后翻译，也就是通常所指的直译。 例（1）Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 ream without being damaged. 【分析】此句中than引导的宾语从句主、谓、宾俱全，more…than是一比较结构，可译成“超过”，without引导的介词短语作状语。 【
大学英语四级翻译练习答案
旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个经济部门，现在正引起中国公众愈来愈大的注意。许多人给报社写信，就促进中国的旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人民之间的相互了解、增进友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的交流。还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。 参考译文 Tourism,afastdevelopingeconomicsectoroverthelasttwodecadesinallpartsoftheworld,,,andfacilitateexchangesint hefieldofculture,,itwillhelpaccumulatefundsforChina'sgreatcause. 在中国，喝茶是一种仪式(ritual)，一种精致品味(refinedtaste)的展示。人们在饮茶的同时，也领略着(takedelightin)品茶的情趣之意。喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。过去，他们是以进有名的茶馆(teahouse)而开始一天的生活的。中国的茶馆相当于法国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶。也是为了议论当地的新闻或对政治话题进行激烈的(furious)争论。 参考译文 ,在中国，小学教育需要花费12年的时间来完成，分为小学、初中和高中三个阶段。小学教育持续5年或6年。在初中阶段，大多数学生上3年制初中，极少数上4年制。几乎98%的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学和初中的9年教育属于义务教育。普通高中教育持续3年时间，在整个义务教育阶段，学生要求在每学期未参加期末考试。 参考译文 InChina,primaryandsecondaryeducationtakes12yearstocomplete,dividedintoprimary,
英语四级翻译练习题
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大学英语四级翻译练习题
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大学英语四级翻译练习题
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英语四级翻译辅导：英语长句的译法技巧
英语四级翻译辅导：英语长句的译法技巧 长句在科技性的文体中的出现极为频繁, 因此也就成为研究生入学考试的重点, 通过对近 年来试题的分析我们可以看出,所考查的绝大多数划线的部分都是长句。 在翻译长句时,首先，不要因为句子太长而产生畏惧心理，因为，无论是多么复杂的句 子，它都是由一些基本的成分组成的。其次要弄清英语原文的句法结构,找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思, 然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系, 再按照汉语的特点和表达 方式, 正确地译出原文的意思,不必拘泥于原文的形式。 一、英语长句的分析 一般来说, 造成长句的原因有三方面: (1) 修饰语过多;(2) 并列成分多; (3) 语言结构层次多。在分析长句时可以采用下面的方法: (1) 找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语, 从整体上把握句子的结构。 (2) 找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。 (3) 分析从句和短语的功能, 例如, 是否为主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句等,若是状语, 它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等)。 (4) 分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系, 例如, 定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个 等。 (5) 注意插入语等其他成分。 (6) 注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。 下面我们结合一些实例来进行分析: 例1. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. 分析: (1) 该句的主语为behaviorists, 谓语为suggest, 宾语为一个从句, 因此整个句子为Behaviorist suggest that-clause 结构。
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英语四级翻译训练带答案详解
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大学英语四级阅读(带翻译)训练
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