被动语态与句子成分练习
英语句子成分基础练习及答案
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词(4分)
①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
②There is an old man coming here.
③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词(10分)
①I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall
②The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer
③Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus
④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast
⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework
⑦What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is
⑧We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor
⑨He is interested in music. A. is B. interested C. in D. music
⑩Whom did you give my book to? A. give B. did C. whom D. book
(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分）
①My brother hasn't done his homework.
A B C D
②People all over the world speak English.
A B C D
③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
A B C D
④How many new words did you learn last class?
A B C D
⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?
A B C D
⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
A B C D
⑦They made him monitor of the class.
A B C D
⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.
A B C D
⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.
A B C D
⑩They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.
A B C D
(四) 挑出下列句中的表语(5分)
①The old man was feeling very tired.
②Why is he worried about Jim?
③The leaves have turned yellow.
④Soon They all became interested in the subject.
A B C D
⑤She was the first to learn about it.
A B C D
(五) 挑出下列句中的定语(6分)
①They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.
②What is your given name?
③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.
④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.
⑤The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
⑥I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!
(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分)
①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.
②He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③She found it difficult to do the work.
④They call me Lily sometimes.
⑤I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?
(七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分）
①There was a big smile on her face.
A B C D
②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
A B C D
③He began to learn English when he was eleven.
A B C D
④The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.
A B C D
⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.
A B C D
⑥She loves the library because she loves books.
A B C D
⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
A B C D
⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
A B C D
(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分)
①Please tell us a story.
②My father bought a new bike for me last week.
③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.
④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.
⑤Did he leave any message for me?
答案
(一) ①teacher ②man ③dictionary ④To do
(二) ①B ②A ③C ④A ⑤C ⑥C ⑦D ⑧C ⑨A ⑩A
(三) ①D ②D ③B ④A ⑤B ⑥D ⑦C ⑧D ⑨A ⑩D
(四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B
(五) ①C ②C ③A ④B ⑤B ⑥D
(六) ①C ②C ③C ④C ⑤D ⑥B
(七) ①D ②A ③D ④D ⑤A ⑥D ⑦C ⑧D
(八) ①us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语
②me, 间接宾语a new bike, 直接宾语③us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语
④Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语
被动语态Exercise:
1.Newspapers are made __ paper. Paper is made __ wood. A.from/of B. of/from C. of/in D. in/from
2.A lot of new roads ___ built in the west of China. A. must B. must be C. has D. have
3.This dictionary mustn’t ____ from the library.
A.take away
B. taken away
C. are taken away
D. be taken away
4.My shoes ____ . I went out for a new pair. A.is worn out B. wore out C. were worn off D. were worn out
5.His car ___ tomorrow. A.will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
6.When your homework ____ , we will go to play football. A.is done B. are done C. had done D. will be done
7.He asked me _______. A.what the paper is used B. what the paper was used for
C. what was the paper made of
D. what’s the paper used as
8.Three fourths of the information on the internet ___ in English. A.am B. is C. are D. be
9.English is widely used. Many business letters around the world ___ in it.
A.are written
B. were written
C. are writing
D. were writing
10.This pair of scissors ___ in China. A.Make B. made C. is made D. are made
11.Three quarters of the messages _____ by telegraph. A. Was sent B. were sent C. sent D. send
12. In the past 10 years, China ____ up many man-made satellites.
A.has been sent
B. has sent
C. was sent
D. sent
13.They ___ to help the farmers with the harvest last autumn.
A. asked
B. asking
C. to ask
D. were asked
14.We are always kept ____. A. to smoking B. on smoking C. from smoking D. off smoking
15.Nothing can stop us ___ English. A.learn B. learning C. learned D. learns
16.Mary ___ some songs in her room in the morning.
A.heard sing
B. heard to sing
C. was heard sing
D. is heard to sing
17. Mary ___ an English song in her room last night.
A.was heard to sing
B. is heard to sing
C.was heard singing
D. is heard singing
18. The guide said that the dinosaur eggs ____ about 95 million years ago.
A. lay
B. were lay
C. laid
D. were laid
19. We found the ground ____ snow.
A.cover with
B. is covered with
C.was covered with
D. was covering with
20. The shop assistant showed a hat _____ red silk to us.
A.made from
B. made of
C. was made of
D. was made from
21. We can find many pictures ____ by Xu Beihong in the museum. A.drawing B. drawn C. drew D. to draw
22.Have these words _____ by us yesterday? A. been learnt B. learnt C. learned D. were learnt
23. Have you heard of a dinosaur _____ feathers?
A.was covered by
B. was covered with
C. covered with
D. covered by
24.About 500 cars ___ in the factory next month.
A.were produced
B. will be produced
C. will be made
D. have been produced
25.She ______ for 10 years.
A.has been marry
B. has married
C. has been married
D. have marry
26.The sentence “Thank you” ___ in our everyday life.
A.Often use
B. often use
C.is often used
D. are often used
27.Most business letters are ___ English.
A.Wrote by
B. writing with
C. Written in
D. written by
28.The box is used __ sitting ___ a chair ___ Mike. A.for,as, by B. by,for,of C. as,for,by D. for,by,as
29.Middle school students ___ not to smoke.
A.always tell
B. are told always
C. tell always
D. are always told
30.The room had better ____ this afternoon. A.be cleaned B. to be cleaned C. clean D. to clean
31. Everyone knows that paper ____ in China.
A was made first B. at first was made C. was made at first D. was first made
32. He said that his teeth needed ____. A.to be repaired B. repair C. repaired D. to repair
33.The idea seems good but it needs_____. A.Trying on B. To try at C. To be tried out D. Being tried
34. Tell me what _____ next. A.to be finished B. Be finished C. To finish D. Finish
35. The dirty clothes ___ by his mother now.
A. are washed
B. are washing
C. were washed
D. are being washed
36.Tom ! You _____on the phone just now, but you _____in.
A.wanted , were
B. are wanted , are
C. were wanted , weren’t
D. called , aren’t
参考答案：1-5 BBDDA 6-10 ABBAC 11-15 BBDCB 16-20 DCDCB
21-25 BACBC 26-30 CCADA 31-36 DACADC
英语被动语态专项训练
英语被动语态专项训练 一、单项选择被动语态 1．Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.” A．could have been rewarded B．must have been rewarded C．should be rewarded D．need have been rewarded 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。 【点睛】 could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。 2．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A 3．—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow? —Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher. A．was sent B．has been sent C．had been sent D．would be sent 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？——很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，B选项正确。
划分句子成分练习集合及答案
划分句子成分练习 一、划分句子成分 1、鲁班‖是（我国古代）（春秋时期）（一位）（著名）的（建筑）工匠。 2（鲁班所处）的时代‖[距现在] [已经]好〈几千年了〉。 3、（那个时候））生产力‖[还十分]落后。 4、鲁班‖接受﹤了﹥(一项)(大)的(建筑工程)任务。 5、鲁班‖发现这种草叶的两边都长着锯齿状的刺。 6、鲁班‖[从中]得到启发。 7、鲁班‖[用锯齿状的竹片] [在一棵小树树干上] [来回]拉﹤了﹥﹤起来﹥。 8]，锯子‖[仍然]是(木匠们干活)的(主要)工具。 9、[后来]，鲁班‖[又陆续]发明﹤了﹥（木刨、钻、墨斗和曲尺等）（许多）（木匠）工具。 10、蔡伦‖出生﹤在一个贫苦的铁匠家里﹥。 11]，蔡伦‖[终于]发明﹤了﹥造纸术。 12、蔡伦‖[苦苦]地思考﹤改进）的方法。 13、[地球上] [几乎] [每时每刻] [都在]发生﹤着﹥地震。（存现句、非主谓句） 14、(全世界)的科学家们‖[都在] [努力]探索（地震灾害）的规律。 15、[当时]()灾害‖[十分]频繁。 16、[一天]，（的（那条龙嘴里）的铜球‖[忽然]落下。17．我‖[从此] [就]看见（许多）（陌生）的先生。 18．藤野先生‖[总是]挟着（一叠）（大大小小）的书。 19．干事‖]写广告。 20．这位客人‖[直勾勾]地打量﹤着﹥（主人）的脸。 21．托尔斯泰‖透出（一股）才气。 22．(一个)（陌生）人‖[把我紧紧]地抱﹤在怀中﹥。 23．我‖[默默]地站﹤﹥。 24．科学技术‖是（人类本性精神）的（最高）成就。 25．这‖是（）(别开生面)的场面。 26（老年）人‖[格外]兴奋、活跃。 27．（白色）的丝线‖拧成（细细）的绳子。 28．（这些）节日‖包含﹤着﹥（丰富）的（民俗）习惯。 29．(派出所)的警察们‖[寸步不离]地守卫﹤在洞口周围﹥。 20．(一位)()的记者‖[一声不响]地解了(系在自己腰里)的(那条结实)的(粗)绳子。 21．[许多原子能发电场] [源源不断]地运来(许多)(铅做)的(大)箱子。（存现句、非主谓句） 22、[在一天夜里]，他‖[被一阵尖叫声]惊醒﹤了﹥。 23、(纽约市)()的帝国大厦‖[今晚]熄灭﹤了﹥灯光。 24、（袁隆平视为生命）的（）田地，[在一个星期天的早晨]，[还是] [被 那些造反派]扫荡﹤一空﹥。 25、[在这样的年月里]，(我)家‖[通年] [没]吃过白米。 26、他‖[花了三十多年的时间]，[留意]观察(日、月以及各行星)的运动。 27)的祖国‖[给科学]开辟﹤了﹥(广阔)的前景。
【英语】被动语态详解+例句
【英语】被动语态详解+例句 一、单项选择被动语态 1．— Can we play basketball in the school gym? — No, it ______ during the summer holidays. A．is repaired B．is being repaired C．was repaired D．has been repaired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态语态。句意：--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗？--不行，暑假期间操场正在被修葺。根据句意可知，这里是表示正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。主语it和动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故选B。 2．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。 3．—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report. — Oh，my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow. A．was expected B．will expect C．expected D．will be expected 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：——经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。——哦，天哪，我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境，是过去预料他明天会回来，而且经理是被预计，故用一般过去时的被动。故选A。 【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意，这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时间，要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。 考点：考查时态和语态 4．Her own story ________ and this book is expected to come out next week. A．had been written B．has been written C．had written D．has written 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。由句意可知，应该用现在完
小学语文划分句子成分
（1）主语: 一般上由名词、代词、数量词、动词、形容词或短语充当。主语是一个句子的主题，可以回答“谁”、“什么”等的问题,例如： “你”吃饱了吗？（主语是代词，你） “一斤”有十六两。（主语是数量词，一斤） “相逢”何必曾相识。（主语是动词，相逢） “孝亲敬老”是华人的传统的美德。（主语是短语） “一个未成年的孩子”，承受思想重负的能力终归有限啊！（主语是短语） （2）谓语： 谓语多由动词、形容词、名词、代词和短语充当。一般上谓语是出现在主语的后面，用以陈述主语。谓语可回答“做什么”、“怎么样”、“是不是”、“有没有”等问题。例如： 妈妈“米幼兰”。（谓语是名词） 他在一场恶梦中“告别”了人生。（动词） 外婆的健康“如何”？（代词） 升名“依然低头不语”。（短语） （3）宾语： 宾语多用于动词、名词、形容词、代词和短语充当。宾语一般上出现在谓语后，是谓语所涉及的人或事物，可以回答“谁”、“什么”等问题。例如： 妈妈正在责骂“弟弟”。（名词） 我不怕“困难”。（形容词） 医院里禁止“抽烟”。（动词） 他精通“八国语言”。（短语） 有时候一个句子里会有两个宾语，我们称为双宾语。第一个宾语多指人，称为近宾语；第二个宾语指事物称呼、行为等，称为远宾语。例如： 老师“送”我两本“书”。 大家嘲笑“他”是“傻瓜”。 他教唆‘“年们”“离家出走”。 （4）定语： 定语多由动词、形容词、名词和短语充当。定语在句子中放在主语宾语前，起修饰和限定作用。定语可回答“谁的”、“多少”、“什么样的”等问题。例如： “弟弟”的哭叫声在街头就听到了。（名词） “开会”的人都来齐了。（动词） “一番冷冰冰”的话，听了让人心寒。（短语） 秀花是一个“美丽”的姑娘。（形容词） （5）状语： 壮语可由名词、动词、形容词、代词、副词和短语充当。一般上是放在谓语前，用来修饰及限定谓语。壮语可回答“怎么样”、“何时”、“何地”、“为什么”的问题。例如： “昨天”，我在百货市场碰见他。（名词） 这款时装“确实”不错。（副词）
(完整版)被动语态专项练习附答案
初中英语被动语态专项讲解 一、语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。) 各种时态的被动语态构成： 1.一般现在时：am／is／are＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world 2.一般过去时：was／were＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident. 3.一般将来时：will／shall be＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 4.现在进行时：am／is／are being＋及物动词的过去分词. Eg： A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this cit 5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：The meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year. 6.现在完成时：have／has been＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again . 7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词 Eg：A new school had been set up by the end of last year. 8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 Eg：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 4.含有情态动词的被动语态
语文句子成分训练(附参考答案)
句子成分与句子主干 一、句子成分：在一个句子里，词与词之间或短语之间有着一定的结构关系，按照不同 的关系可以把句子分成若干个不同的组成部分，这些组成部分叫做句子成分。 1.句子的基本成分 2.分析句子成分的步骤 ①分析句子的主要成分：主谓宾 ②围绕主谓宾找定状补 练习： 1、鲁班是我国古代春秋时期一位著名的建筑工匠。 2、那个时候的社会生产力还十分落后。 3、鲁班接受了一项大的建筑工程任务。 4、鲁班从中得到启发。 5、蔡伦出生在一个贫苦的铁匠家里。 6、峰峦从黑夜中显露出一片灰蒙蒙的轮廓。 二、句子的主干 各种句子成分在句子的构成中所起的作用并不是都一样的。其中有的起主干作用的如：主谓宾。有的是对主干起修饰、限制、补充作用的“枝叶”成分，即定状补。因此所谓的句子主干是指把句子的所有定语、状语、补语都压缩掉以后剩下的部分。 找句子主干要注意的问题—— 1、句子的主干并不等于全句。 2、否定句中的否定词“不”“没有”“没”等在句中充当状语，在找否定句的主干时，要将否定词保 留。 练习：划分句子成分 1．我从此就看见许多陌生的先生。2．藤野先生总是挟着一叠大大小小的书。3．干事在黑板上写广告。4．这位客人直勾勾地打量着主人的脸。
5．托尔斯泰透出一股才气。6．一个陌生人把我紧紧地抱在怀中。 7．我默默地站在走廊上。8．科学技术是人类本性精神的最高成就。9．这是一种别开生面的场面。10．在场的老年人格外兴奋、活跃。 11．白色的丝线拧成细细的绳子。12．这些节日包含着丰富的民俗习惯。13．我们喜欢倾听大雁在沼泽中集会时的鸟叫。14．派出所的警察寸步不离地守卫在洞口周围。15．一位手里拿着照相机的记者一声不响地解掉了系在自己腰里的那条结实的粗绳子。 16．许多原子能发电厂源源不断地运来许多铅做的大箱子。 17．他非常诚恳地征求大家的意见。18．秋天比春天更富有欣欣向荣的景象。19．张思德同志永远是我们学习的榜样。20．汽车在望不到边际的高原上奔驰。21．在长期的奋斗中，我一向过着朴素的生活。22．豆大的汗珠不停地从脸上直往下落。
英语被动语态的翻译举例
英语被动句的翻译举例 英语被动句翻译为汉语时，应根据具体情况灵活掌握。 1. 用“被”、“由”、“受（到）”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……（给）”、 “是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如： 1）The door was mended by him. 门被他修好了。/ 门叫（让）他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。 2）He was praised（表扬）. But we were criticized（批评；责备）. 3）The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为（被）许多人所使用。 4）The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。 2. 借助句中的状语等做主语，译成汉语的主动句。例如： 1）All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket. 在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或：那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。 2）Table tennis is played all over China. 中国各地都打乒乓球。 3．按照英语句子的主谓顺序，译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如： 1）His homework has just been done. 他的家庭作业刚做完。 2）The food has been eaten up. 食物已吃光了。 4．成汉语的无主句。例如： 1）Soon the news was received. 不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为：不久那个消息就收到了。 2）After a while, many people were seen to run out. 过来一会儿，看到许多人跑了出来。 5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。 例如： 1）He was seen to take the book. 有人看见他拿走了那本书。 2）Air is known to be a mixture of gases. 人们（大家，我们）都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。 3）She is said to know nothing about it. 据说她对这件事什么也不知道。 4）It is said that …. 据说…… It is well known that …. 大家知道……；众所周知…… It is believed that …. 有人相信…… It will be said that…. 有人（将）会说…… It was reported that…据报道…… 6. 改译成主动句。例如： 1）A new dress was made for me by my mother. 我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。 2）I was given many nice presents on my birthday. 在我的生日那天，我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。
英语被动语态专题练习(及答案)
英语被动语态专题练习(及答案) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year. A．is washing away B．is being washed away C．are washing away D．are being washed away 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：1. 确定谓语单复数：根据quantity的用法，quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但它们作主语时，quantities of...后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of...的谓语动词用单数，故排除A、D项。2. 确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选D项。 【名师点拨】 quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；quantities of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；a quantity of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。https://www.360docs.net/doc/709995626.html,rge quantities of money have been sent there大量的钱已经被送到那里；A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费；2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我们； Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。 2．I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well. A．have told; wash B．have been told; wash C．was told; washed D．have been told; are washed 【答案】B 【解析】 考察时态。根据题意，我想买那种衣服，因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实，过去存在，现在及将来都会存在，故用一般现在时态。选B。 3．8 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last
2019届中考语文专题复习句子成分及专题训练新人教版
2019届中考语文专题复习句子成分及专题训练新人教版 学法指导： 在一个句子里，主语、谓语、宾语好比树的主干，定语、状语、补语则是枝叶。句子的主要意思靠主语、谓 语、宾语来表达，但也少不了定语、状语、补语来修饰补充。要正确理解这六种句子成分，可以记住这样一句话：“我（主语）［又］（状语）去了（谓语）（那间）（定语）教室（宾语）〈一趟〉（补语）。” 一、主语 主语可分名词性主语和谓词性主语。名词性主语由名词性词语充当，包括名词、数词、名词性的代词和名词 性短语，多表示人或事物。作为被陈述的对象，在句首能回答“谁”或者“什么”等问题。这种句子可以叫名词 主语句。例如： 主语也可以由谓词性词语和一部分主谓短语充当，谓词性词语包括动词、形容词、谓词性的代词、动词性短 语、形容词性短语。这是以动作、形状或事情做陈述的对象，这种句子可以叫谓词性主语句。例如： 6、笑‖是具有多重意义的语言。（动词） 7、整齐‖比不整齐好。（形容词） 8、“这样‖行不行？”“这样‖就好了。”（代词） 9、他不参加‖也好。（主谓短语） 10、公正廉洁‖是公职人员行为的准则。（形容词联合短语） 二、谓语 谓语通常由谓词性词语充当，在一定条件下也用名词性词语充当，这跟主语的构成材料正相反。它的主要作用是对主语的叙述、描写或判断，能回答主语“怎么样”或“是什么”等问题。用做谓语中心的动词、 形容词等通常是句子结构和语义解释的中心，因此认准谓语中心以及它跟前后各成分的结构关系和意义关系就十分重要。 动词性词语经常做谓语。动词谓语常常用复杂形式，即在前面或后面要带上别的成分，如前面例1和例5。动词单独做谓语是有条件的，或者用在对话里（例如“你瞅！”）；或者用在复句分句里（例如“你来，我就走！”）；或者用在对比、排比句里（例如“架不住，一个人干，八个人拆。”）；不然，常常要加上一定的语气词或动态助词（例如“春天来了。”）。
强烈推荐,有经典例句的被动语态的用法
一、被动语态的用法： 1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。 He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。 2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。 The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。 The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。 3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如： The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。 The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。 4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。 It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。 It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。 其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有 It is reported that…据报道 It is said that…据说 It is believed that…大家相信 It is suggested that…有人建议 二、主动语态变为被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom. （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 注意： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 （3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. → A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： （1）主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示"人们"、"大家"的单词，变为主动句时，通常删去"by…"，但原主语被强调者除外。如：
(完整版)小学语文划分句子成分
划分句子成分 一、主语：一个句子中所要表达、描述的人或物，是句子叙述的主体。主语一般用名词或 代词来承担。用==来表示。 例：我是女的。苹果是圆的。 名词：电风扇、苹果 代词：我、你、他 二、谓语：用来说明主语做了什么动作或处在什么状态，一般用动词或形容词来承担，一 般跟在主语后边。用——来表示。 例：小芳哭了。 主语谓语状态、动作 三、宾语：是动作的对象货承受者，常用名词、代词来承担。用来表示。 例：我打了他。 主语谓语宾语，谓语的对象 四、定语：修饰限定主语、宾语的，表示主语或宾语的性质、特征、范围。一般用在主语 宾语前边。用（）来表示。 例：（美丽的）王一考大学了。 定语 五、状语：修饰限定谓语动词的，表示状态程度，一般用在句首或谓语前。用[ ]来表示。 例：可爱的小弟弟[晃晃悠悠地] 向我走来。 状语 六、补语：是对谓语或宾语的程度或结果的补充说明。一般用在谓语或宾语后边。用< > 来表示。 例：我吃冰淇淋<吃多了>。 补语 七、利用语气助词分清定、状、补。 的：是定语的标志，前 地：是状语的标志，前 得：是补语的标志，后 八、口诀歌： 主谓宾，定状补，主干枝叶分清楚， 定语必居主宾前，谓前为状谓后补。
状语有时位主前，逗号分开心有数。
扩句练习 1.太阳升起来了。 2.我们打扫卫生。 3.风筝飞上天。 4.小红看花灯。 5.天空飘着白云。 6.弟弟看到大海。 7.妈妈讲故事。 8.榕树像大伞。 9.妈妈是律师。 10.我爱祖国。 11.小刚关心同学。 12.心里充满希望。 13.公园里种着花。 14.同学们在听课。 15.列车通过大桥。 16.战士保卫祖国。 17.微风吹拂柳条。 18.天空中飞翔着雄鹰。 19.天下着雨。 20.云散开了。 21.心情激动。 22.比赛正在进行。
被动语态专项练习及答案详解
被动语态专项练习及答案详解 一、单项选择被动语态 1．Are you going to attend the meeting ________ next Saturday? A．holding B．hold C．to hold D．to be held 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语。句意：你要参加下星期六举行的会议吗?根据next Saturday可知，事情还未发生，the meeting和hold之间是一种被动关系，所以用动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语，且表示将来。故选D。 2．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology. A．has discovered B．has been discovered C．had discovered D．had been discovered 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。 3．—The window is dirty. —I know. It ________ for weeks. A．hasn’t cleaned B．didn’t clean C．wasn’t cleaned D．hasn’t been cleaned 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1. 确定时态：这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2. 确定语态：主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意：—窗户很脏。—我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。 4．When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ . A．are being painted B．are painting C．were being painted D．were painting 【答案】C 【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。句意：当我到达他家的时候，我发现墙正在被粉刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态，故选C。
语文句子成分训练(含答案版).
句子成分与句子主干专题练习 一、句子成分:在一个句子里,词与词之间或短语之间有着一定的结构关系,按照不同的关系可以把 句子分成若干个不同的组成部分,这些组成部分叫做句子成分。 1. 2.分析句子成分的步骤 ①分析句子的主要成分:主谓宾 练习: 1、鲁班是我国古代春秋时期一位著名的建筑工匠。 2、那个时候的社会生产力还十分落后。 3、鲁班接受了一项大的建筑工程任务。 4、鲁班从中得到启发。 5、蔡伦出生在一个贫苦的铁匠家里。 6、峰峦从黑夜中显露出一片灰蒙蒙的轮廓。 二、句子的主干
各种句子成分在句子的构成中所起的作用并不是都一样的。其中有的起主干作用的如:主谓宾。有的是对主干起修饰、限制、补充作用的“枝叶”成分,即定状补。因此所谓的句子主干是指把句子的所有定语、状语、补语都压缩掉以后剩下的部分。 找句子主干要注意的问题—— 1、句子的主干并不等于全句。 2、否定句中的否定词“不”“没有”“没”等在句中充当状语,在找否定句的主干时,要将否定词保 留。 练习:划分句子成分 1.我从此就看见许多陌生的先生。 2.藤野先生总是挟着一叠大大小小的书。 3.干事在黑板上写广告。 4.这位客人直勾勾地打量着主人的脸。 5.托尔斯泰透出一股才气。 6.一个陌生人把我紧紧地抱在怀中。 7.我默默地站在走廊上。8.科学技术是人类本性精神的最高成就。 9.这是一种别开生面的场面。10.在场的老年人格外兴奋、活跃。 11.白色的丝线拧成细细的绳子。12.这些节日包含着丰富的民俗习惯。
13.我们喜欢倾听大雁在沼泽中集会时的鸟叫。14.派出所的警察寸步不离地守卫在洞口周围。 15.一位手里拿着照相机的记者一声不响地解掉了系在自己腰里的那条结实的粗绳子。 16.许多原子能发电厂源源不断地运来许多铅做的大箱子。 17.他非常诚恳地征求大家的意见。18.秋天比春天更富有欣欣向荣的景象。 19.张思德同志永远是我们学习的榜样。20.汽车在望不到边际的高原上奔驰。 21.在长期的奋斗中,我一向过着朴素的生活。22.豆大的汗珠不停地从脸上直往下落。
(英语)英语动词被动语态专项训练及答案及解析
（英语）英语动词被动语态专项训练及答案及解析 一、动词被动语态 1．A cook will lose his job if he to smoke in the kitchen. A. finds B. found C. is found 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:如果发现厨师在厨房里抽烟，他会失去他的工作。从语境来看，是“发现他”，故用被动语态。选C。及物动词逻辑上的主语作主语时，用主动语态;及物动词逻辑上的宾语做主语时，用被动语态。 2．He has ordered a watch on line for his father and it _______ to him before Father's Day. A. send B. will be sent C. was sent D. sent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：他在网上为父亲订了一块表。将在父亲节前寄给他。It指代的是“表”，作主语，与谓语动词send是逻辑上的动宾关系，it是其承受者，用被动语态；从时态上看，表将在父亲节前寄给他，用一般将来时态，故选B。 3．—Who's the little girl in the photo? —It's me. The photo ______ 10 years ago. A. took B. is taken C. has taken D. was taken 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——照片中的小女孩是谁？——是我，这张照片是十年前照的。句子主语是动作的承受者，应该用被动语态，时间状语是十年前，应该用过去时，故答案为D。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。was/were+及物动词的过去分词，过去的被动语态结构。 4．Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A. is raised B. was raised C. will be raised D. has been raised 【答案】B
句子成分练习
英语句子成分分析与练习 一、判断下列句子中划线单词的词性。 1、Mary dances well. 2 His father is reading. 3 Tom is looking for his watch. 4 He often plays violin after school. 5 Mr. Green works in a university. 6 The teacher taught us an English song. 7 I have bought this pen for two years. 8 Nothing can live without water. 9 You may keep this dictionary for two weeks. 10 You can‘t agree with me . 二、找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的。 1 .Tom is a student. 2 .He is fat. 3 .The boy was foolish . 4. They were kind. 5. She is in the room. 6. The leaf turns green. 7. My father became a teacher in 1978. 8. The weather gets hot in summer. 9. She looks beautiful. 10. The flower smells good. 11. The soup tastes delicious. 12. The story sounds interesting．13. She looks like her mother. 14. M y job is teaching English．15. My work is to look after the baby. 16.I feel good. 17.The dish smells bad, so it sells badly.. 18. Is he an English teacher, Chinese teacher or Japanese teacher? 三、请各位注意：下划横线的“东东”，就是“传说”中的状语， 1、He will come tomorrow. 2、He is working now. 3、He works at this factory . 4、He often swims in the river.) 5、Tom is always late for school. 6、I have never been to Shanghai. 7、My Chinese is very good . 8、He runs quite fast. 9、He works hard。10、It is too hot . 四、判断下列句子是主谓结构还是主谓宾结构，如果是主谓宾结构请指出是由什么充当的宾语（名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等等） 1 .He arrived yesterday. 2 .The boy is crying loudly. 3.She died in 2000. 4.She wanted some help 5. I slept well last night. 6. Iom built a house last year. 7. I bought a computer in the street yesterday 8. .Tom often swims in the river 9. .My sister works in that factory. 10 .The sun is rising. 11 .They know him. 12 .He enjoys listening to music. 13 .My watch has stopped. 14 .It is snowing hard. 15.My grandma coughed all night. 16 .She was cooking. 17 .I found a box under the bed. 18 .I hate to go there. 19 .His aunt will come. 20 .The farmer works very hard. 21 .We usually watch TV on Saturday evening. 22 .She has cleaned the room. 23 .He liked collecting stamps. 24 .Both of them work in the school library. 25 .I read every book in the school library. 26.You mustn’t talk loud 27.I met one of my friends in Beijing. 28 .Have you finished writing? 29.I want to go to college. 30 .Kate often studies at school at night. 五、判断下列句子是主谓+双宾语结构还是主谓+复合宾语。 1. I saw the boy playing foot ball. 2. My good friend told me a story 3. Tom lent me a pencil. 4. He wanted you to go with him. 5. Mother got me some tea . 6. He showed me her photos . 7. The rich man bought his son an MP4. 8 I saw the baby cry. 9. Tom teaches us English. 10. I will lend you something.
被动语态句子翻译类型题
被动语态句子翻译类型 题 Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT
1.据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s________thataboutthreehundredpeople______________inthisaccident. 2.这个杯子昨天被大维打烂了。 Thecup__________________Davidyesterday. 3.这件外衣是棉制的。 Thecoat__________________cotton. 4.那山顶终年积雪。 Themountain__________________snowallroundtheyear. 5.父亲给他买了一部MP4作为生日礼物。 AMP4_____________________himashisbirthdaypresent. 6.工人们被迫每天工作12小时。 Theworkers____________________________12hoursaday. 7.校运会将在下周三下午举行。 Thesportsmeeting_____________________onWednesdayafternoon. 8.作业应该准时上交。 Ourhomework_____________________inontime. 9.那些书被一个10岁大的女孩写。 Thosebooks_____________________a10-year-oldgirl. 10.那座桥自从两年前已经被建成了。 Thebridge_____________________bytheworkers_______twoyearsago. Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: oftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass. willshowanewfilmnextweek. didtheybuildthehouse？ sawtheboyentertheroom. theyshowanewfilmnextweek？ theypostedtheletteryet？ oftenseehimhelphisclassmate. mustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed. isrepairingthebike？ studentshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart. II.将下列句子改为被动语态，并根据情况保留或去掉动作的执行者 will say nothing more about this matter. have made some flowers of silk. wrote a poem. students are planting some trees and flowers. are to open up a new business next week. couldn’t have done all this damage. of us will see him off at the airport. feed the tigers at the zoo three times a day.