历届上海中口真题(翻译部分)

中级口译实考试题汇编（翻译部分）

0409 翻译部分

As individuals and as a nation, we're defined by the choices we make. And too often, by the tough decisions we avoid. Most of us have avoided even thinking about how our rapidly growing population is affecting our quality of life and shaping our society.

Our population has more than doubled since World War II, and at this rate, we could be on our way to 1 billion people living in the United States by the end of the century. Our population growth, driven in part by unchecked immigration, is already straining our healthcare and educational systems and, less noticeably — but far more important — putting a heavy burden on our natural resources.

All these pressures on our resources will only worsen unless our leaders begin a national dialogue on the future of this country and start making the tough choices. Politicians are avoiding debate on these issues because they are the most difficult ones to confront. In campaign debating, these are wedge issues. But failure to come to terms with them will drive a wedge between all of us and a prosperous, healthy future for this country.

我们作为个人和一个国家（民族），其特性表现为我们所做的选择，而且还常常表现为

我们不想/避免做出的艰难决定（来确定的）。我们大多数人甚至不去思考我国快速增长的人口是怎样影响着我们的生活质量，决定着我们的社会。

二次世界大战以来，我国的人口增加了一倍多。照这样的数度增长，到本世纪末生活在美国的人口有可能达到10 亿。造成我国人口增长的一部分原因是我们未对移民加以控制。这种增长已经对我国的医疗保健，教育体制造成压力。而且是我国的自然资源背上了沉重的负担，这一点虽然不太引起人们注意，但是更为重要。

除非我们的领导人就国家的未来开始一场全国性的对话，并作出艰难的决定，否则对于我国资源的这些压力不会减轻。政客们避免就这些问题展开辩论，因为这些问题难以面对。在总统竞选辩论中，这些问题会导致分歧。但若不能成功地解决这些问题，我们将无法实现国家繁荣、健康的未来。

汉译英

本公司成立于1988年。经过不断发展，目前公司下属全资专业从事工程施工的单位有

4家，公司参股的企业有3家。公司拥有一大批技术人员和管理人员，其中有中高级专业职称的占65％。雄厚的技术力量和科学的管理为公司的健康发展奠定了坚实的基础。

不断深化的社会主义市场经济为公司的生存和发展提供了更大的机遇和空间。近年

来，公司先参与承建了一大批上海市重大工程，为建设国际大都市作出了应有的贡献。Our company was established /set up in 1988. Through years of continuous development, it currently has 4 wholly-owned enterprises specializing in engineering and construction and3 enterprises in which it holds equity interests. Our company has a large number of technical and managerial personnel. Among them 65% hold intermediate and senior professional titles. The strong technical force and scientific management have laid a solid foundation for the healthy development of the company.

An ever-growing socialist market economy has provided a bigger opportunity and space for the existence/survival and expansion /development of our company. In recent years/over the years，we have participated in /undertaken the construction of a large number of major projects in shanghai, making our contribution in shaping /building shanghai into an international metropolis.

0503 翻译部分

Americans have come to expect a lot of their presidents, more perhaps than any can deliver.

We say that the president runs the country, but in practice, presidents have trouble running large parts of the government. We hold the president responsible for the economy, even though he has few economic levers at his command. We expect the commander in chief to lead us to victory in war, and then we complain when we think he is micromanaging the military. And we tend to think of the president as the personification of the nation he leads.

Few other democracies combine the position of head of government and head of state. We do, and some of the bitterness of our politics spring from the conviction of many Americans that this of that president does not really represent their country. Y et as we look back at our presidents, we see them less as partisan politicians than as national leaders, who in different ways have helped develop the strengths and virtues of our nation.

美国人对总统的期望值越来越高，高于他们的能力所及。我们认为，总统治理着国家，但是实际上，总统在处理大部分政府事务时存在着很多困难。我们也认为，总统应对国家的经济发展负责。即使他们掌控的经济调节杠杆很有限。我们希望，总司令能在战争中带领我们走向胜利。但是，当我们认为他们失去对军事的大局控制的时候，有牢骚满腹。我们往往认为，总统是他领导的国家的化身。在别的民主国家的政治体制中，很少有人同时兼任政府首领和国家首领。但是我们却是这样。我们政治中让人心痛的地方来自于美国人的信念。他们认为，无论哪个总统都不能真正代表他们的国家。但是当我们回顾历届总统的时候，我们并不把他们看成某个党派的政治家，而是看作整个国家的首领。他们以自己不同的方式来发展我们的实力和美德。

汉译英

有人把香港说成是“文化沙漠”。实际上，香港有着其独特的文化氛围。在电影制作方面，香港名列世界前茅，其流行歌曲在全球华人中有着广泛的影响，而且还有8 所知名的大学。这座城市特殊的历史和地理因素造就了一种多样化的文化。每年一度由政府主办的艺术嘉年华为当地艺术家展示其独创性提供了一个广阔的平台，并鼓励更多人参与文化艺术创作，为中国的文华繁荣作出了许多创新和突破。

Some people disparage/ describe Hong Kong as a “cultural desert”. Hong Kong has actually exhibited a unique cultural landscape embedded with Hong Kong characteristics/ a unique culture with Hong Kong characteristics. Hong Kong’s film production s tays ahead/ ranks among the best in the world, and its pop songs have widely influenced Chinese around the world. Besides, it has (established) 8 famous universities.

The city’s special historical and geographical traits have contributed to a diverse cult ure. The annual Art Carnival sponsored by the (SAR) government provides a wide/ broad platform for local artists to showcase their originality and encourages more people to be involved in cultural and artistic endeavors/ activities. (The literary and artistic circles of) Hong Kong have made a lot of innovations and breakthroughs for the prosperity/ enrichment of Chinese culture.

0509翻译部分

There is a growing number of economists who believe today s brutally tough labor market is not a temporary American oddity. Falling wages, reduced benefits and rising job insecurity seem to be increasingly entrenched features of the job scene across most of Western Europe, the United States and other parts of the developed world. The number of insecure freelance positions is rising (as are working hours) while stable jobs with good benefits are being cut. Laid-off workers are much less

likely to be rehired by their old companies and have to find new jobs or turn to self-employment. Those who still have jobs are working longer hours with little prospect of meaningful raises.

The new labor market is shaped by growing global competition, spurred by the rise of cheap manufacturers in China, India and Eastern Europe, and the price-chopping effect of both the Internet and giant retailers led by Wal-Mart. These forces compel Western companies to exercise a growing restraint on prices and labor cost. One thing globalization clearly does is to exert a leveling effect on wages.

越来越多的经济学家认为当今美国劳动力市场竞争异常残酷激烈，这不只是一时的怪现状。在大多西欧国家、美国及其他发达国家，降薪、福利削减、工作稳定性下降似乎已经成为就业市场越来越难以改变的痼疾。不稳定的自由职业岗位增多（工作时间同样延长），而稳定福利好的工作机会减少。一旦失业，人们很难被旧东家重聘，所以不得不找份新工作或者自己创业。而那些尚留在工作岗位上的人员工作时间加长，然而他们加薪前景微乎其微。中国、印度、东欧各国劳动力价格低廉，互联网和零售巨头（比如沃尔玛）把商品价格一降再降，这就使得全球竞争日益严重。进而，深刻的改变了原来的劳动力市场。结果，西方国家各家公司既要压低商品的价格，又要尽量削减成本。很明显，全球化让全世界的提薪之日遥遥无期。

汉译英

中国有句古话：“相知无远近，万里尚为邻”。中国与亚洲各国山水相连，共同铸就了灿烂的亚洲文明；古老而美丽的“丝绸之路”，谱写了中欧千年往来的美好篇章。中国与亚欧各国的互利合作正在步入一个全新的阶段。中国已成为亚欧和世界经济发展中的积极力量，我们坚定走和平发展的道路，致力于同亚欧各国发展富有活力和长期稳定的全面合作关系，与亚欧各国相互支持，携手前进，共创美好的未来。

In China, there is an old saying which goes like this, “Long distance never separates close friends.” A ready link connecting this country and many other ones, like the Silk Road, in Asia and Europe helps a lot in bringing about the splendid civilization in Asia and the frequent exchanges and communication between China and the Continent in the past years. Now, we are going a step further in our cooperation based on mutual benefits, enjoying a brand-new bilateral relation. China, a devoted part in promoting the economic development in the 2 continents, will keep her track on the road of peace and development. A corresponding effort made by this country in building a dynamic and long-term cooperation in all fields across Asia and Europe, together with all the other efforts from the 2 continents, will definitely contribute a big part in making the bright future.

0603翻译部分

As a scourge of the modern society, obesity has become the world's biggest public-health issue today--the main cause of heart disease, which kills more people these days than AIDS, malaria, war. Since the World Health Organization labeled obesity an "epidemic" in 2000, reports on its fearful consequences have come thick and fast.

Will public-health warnings, combined with media pressure, persuade people to get thinner, just as they finally put them off tobacco? Possibly. In the rich world, sales of healthier foods are booming and new figures suggest that over the past year Americans got very slightly thinner for the first

time in recorded history. But even if Americans are losing a few ounces, it will be many years before the country solves the health problems caused by half a century's dining to excess. And, everywhere else in the world, people are still piling on the pounds. That's why there is now a consensus among doctors that governments should do something to stop them.

肥胖是现代社会的灾难，目前已经成为最严重的公众健康问题，心脏病主要因肥胖而起，肥胖夺去的生命比艾滋病、疟疾、战争还要多。2000年世界卫生组织把肥胖定性为"流行病"，自此人们纷纷探讨肥胖能够引发的严重后果。媒体的压力，健康的警告，能否使人们的体重有所减轻，就如同当初使人们远离烟草一样？的确有可能。在富裕的发达国家，健康食品的销售量不断上升，最新数字表明在过去的一年，美国人的体重有史以来首次有所下降。然而虽然美国人体重有所减轻，美国要解决半个世纪以来饮食过度带来的健康问题还得等到多年以后。而且，在世界上其他地区，人们的体重仍然在不断上升。正因为如此，目前医生一致认为各国政府应当采取措施抑制人们不断肥胖的发展趋势。

汉译英

上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市，改革开放以来，上海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。

今天，尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去可以留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的世人折服。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东展现了上海的美好前景。上海就像一轮红日，光芒四射，鲜艳夺目。上海的明天充满希望。

Shanghai, a vigorous, dynamic and versatile international metropolis in China, has attracted worldwide attention with its dramatic changes since the introduction of reform and opening-up. It presents a picture of prosperity with its rapid economic development, social stability, peaceful and contended life of residents. Taking a new look with each passing day, Shanghai is drawing more and more admiration, despite its colorful past for nostalgia. The city, brilliant and splendid like the sun, promises a better future.

0609翻译部分

The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds: material and nonmaterial. Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height, breadth, and weight. A boat, a machine, a house—all these objects are part of the material culture. The nonmaterial culture is that portion of the environment which surrounds man and which has an impact on his behavior but which lacks these material properties: values, beliefs, traditions, and all the other habits and ideas invented and acquired by man as a member of society.

Contemporary sociological theory tends to assign primary importance to the nonmaterial culture in choosing problems for study. It assumes, for example, that boats, planes, automobiles, and so forth, are not nearly so important as the traditions we have developed which make their manufacture

possible—indeed, which prescribe how we are to use them. The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of material culture.

汉译英

进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学度过的美好时光。当年老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至今仍受用不尽。

耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史、独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。如果时光能够倒流几十年，我真希望成为你们中的一员。耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理，这符合人类进步的法则，也符合每个有志青年的心愿。

Coming to the Y ale campus with its distinctive academic flavor and looking at the eager young faces in the audience, I cannot but recall my great experience study ing at Qinghua University in Beijing 40 years ago. Indeed, what happens during one's school years will influence his whole life.

I still benefit greatly from the instruction of my teachers and my interaction with other students. Y ale is renowned for its long history, unique way of teaching and excellence in academic pursuit. If time could go back several decades, I would really like to be a student of Y ale just like you. Y ale's motto, "Light and Truth", which is a calling for human progress, represents the aspiration of every motivated young man and woman.

附录：

中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。中国人在对外关系中始终秉承“强不执弱”、“富不侮贫”的精神，主张“协和万邦”。中国人提倡“海纳百川，有容乃大”，主张吸纳百家优长、兼集八方精义。今天，中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，既通过维护世界和平来发展自己，又通过自身的发展来促进世界和平。中国坚持实施互利共赢的对外开放战略，真诚愿意同各国广泛开展合作，真诚愿意兼收并蓄、博采各种文明之长，以合作谋和平、以合作促发展，推动建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。

0703翻译部分

英译汉

Back in 1972, $1 million was still an eye-popping amount of cash. But to Robert Hecht, an enterprising American antiquities dealer living in Paris, it was not too much to charge the Metropolitan Museum of Art for an exquisite Greek vase created 500 years before the birth of Christ and painted by one of the acknowledged masters of the craft. Since the acquisition of the Greek vase, the prices of antiquities have shot skyward.

The problem with the burgeoning traffic in antiquities, however, is not so much the price but something far more significant: the provenance, i.e. where are these precious artifacts coming from? And who are their rightful owners? Evidence is increasing that more and more artifacts are being illegally unearthed from their countries of origin. A recent British study of five large collections totaling 546 objects, for instance, determined that 82 percent of the objects were suspect. From Italy to Greece to Turkey, countries have long complained about the trade in smuggled artifacts and have been largely unable to stop it.

在1972年，100万美元可真是一大笔钱。但对于住在巴黎的经营有方的美国古董商罗伯特?海克特而言，就一个精美的古希腊花瓶来说，他向纽约大都会博物馆开出的这个价钱并不算高。这只花瓶的历史比耶稣诞生还要早500年，是由当时一个公认的美术大家绘制的。自从那宗古希腊花瓶收购之后，古董的价格一路飙升。

然而，日益兴盛的古董买卖，其问题不在于价格离谱，而是远比价格更为重要的事情，那就是古董的来源。这些稀世珍宝来自何方？谁是其合法拥有者？日益增多的证据表明，越来越多的文物正在其所在国被非法挖掘。例如，最近英国对总数达546件文物的五大收藏进行了研究，确定其中82%来源可疑。从意大利到希腊到土耳其，许多国家长期来一直在抱怨走私文物交易，却多半无法加以阻止。

汉译英

中国嬴得2010年世界博览会的举办权，靠的是国际社会对中国改革开放的支持和信心。这次博览会将是自1851年在英国伦敦第一次举办以来，首次在发展中国家举办的世界博览会，它表达了全世界人民对中国未来发展的期望。

2010年上海世博会的主题是“城市，让生活更美好”。未来的城市生活是全球关注的话题，与每一个国家及其人民息息相关。第一次以“城市”作为主题的2010世界博览会将吸引全球约200个国家和国际组织参与盛会，国内外参访人数预计达7000万。

China owes its successful bid for the World Exposition in 2010 to the international community’s support for and confidence in its reform and opening-up. The World Exposition will be the first one in a developing country since it was first held in 1851 in London, UK, which gives expression to the expectations the world’s people place on China’s future development.

The theme of World Expo 2010 Shanghai is “Better City, Better Life.” The prospect of future urban life, a subject of global interest, concerns every nation and its people, Being the first World Exposition on the theme of city, Expo 2010 will attract about 200 nations and international organizations to participate in it, with an estimate of 70 million visitors from home and abroad.

0709翻译部分

Americans do not go in for envy. The gap between rich and poor is bigger than in any other advanced country, but most people are unconcerned. Whereas Europeans fret about the way the economic pie is divided, Americans want to join the rich, not soak them. Eight out of ten, more than anywhere else, believe that though you may start poor, if you work hard, you can make pots of money. It is a central part of the American Dream.

The political consensus, therefore, has sought to pursue economic growth rather than the redistribution of income, in keeping with John Kennedy's adage that "a rising tide lifts all boats." The tide has been rising fast recently. Thanks to a jump in productivity growth after 1995, America's economy has outpaced other rich countries' for a decade. Its workers now produce over 30% more each hour they work than ten years ago. In the late 1990s everybody shared in this boom. Though incomes were rising fastest at the top, all workers' wages far outpaced inflation.

参考译文：美国人心态很平和。他们并不太在意各自收入间的差别，尽管事实上没有哪个别的发达国家的贫富差距像美国这么大。这和欧洲人截然不同。欧洲人对全民收入的分配很是上心。美国人则不一样，他们是想要成为富人，而对打垮富人并无兴趣。十有八九的国民坚信即使出身贫寒，只要通过努力，也能飞黄腾达。这不正是美国梦的精髓所在吗？于是美国政界一致认为，与其回过头来均分财富，还不如实现经济的增长。这也和美国前总统约

翰.肯尼迪的那句有名的"水涨船高"不谋而合。美国经济这十几年的增长速度不可谓不快。随着1995年以来生产率的飞涨，美国经济的发展十二年来一直领先于其他强国，如今的生产效率是十年前的1.3倍。在上世纪的最后十年，所有公民都从中尝到了甜头。尽管那些高收入者获益更大，但所有人的工资增长幅度都远胜于通货膨胀的速度。

汉译英

中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，是基于中国国情的必然选择。1840年鸦片战争以后的100多年里，中国受尽了列强的欺辱。消除战争，实现和平，建设独立富强、民生幸福的国家，是近代以来中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标。今天的中国虽然取得了巨大的发展成就，但人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家。推动经济社会发展，不断改善人民生活始终是中国的中心任务。坚持走和平发展道路，是中国实现国家富强、人民幸福的必由之路。中国人民最需要、最珍爱和平的国际环境，愿尽自己所能，为推动各国共同发展作出积极贡献。

It is an inevitable choice based on its national conditions that China persists unswervingly in taking the road of peaceful development. During the 100-odd years following the Opium War in 1840, China suffered humiliation and insult from big powers. And thus, ever since the advent of modern times, it has become the assiduously sought goal of the Chinese people to eliminate war, maintain peace, and build a country of independence and prosperity, and a comfortable and happy life for the people. Although it has made enormous achievements in development, China, with a large population, a weak economic foundation and unbalanced development, is still the largest developing country in the world. It is the central task of China to promote economic and social development while continuously improving its people's life. To stick to the road of peaceful development is the only way for China to attain national prosperity and strength, and its people's happiness. What the Chinese people need and cherish most is a peaceful international environment. They are willing to do their best to make energetic contributions for the common development of all countries.

0803

Imagine you have two candidates for a job. Their CVs are equally good, and they both give good interview. You cannot help noticing, though, that one is pug-ugly and the other is handsome. Are you swayed by their appearance? //

If you were swayed by someone’s looks, would that be wrong? In the past, people often equated beauty with virtue and ugliness with vice. //

Even now, the expression “as ugly as sin” has not quite passed from the language. There is, of course, the equally famous expression “beauty is in the eye of the beholder”, to counter it. Most beholders agree what is beautiful – and modern biology suggests that beauty may,

indeed, be a good reason for that agreement. // Biology also suggests that beauty may, indeed, be a good rule of thumb for assessing som eone of either sex. Not an infallible one, and certainly no substitute for an in-depth investigation. But, nevertheless, an instinctive one, and one that is bound to contribute to the advantage of the physically well endowed.//

（参考译文）

假设有两位候选人来竞争一份工作。他俩的履历不相上下，而且他们的面试表现也都很好。但是你不会不注意到其中一人其貌不扬，而另一个则长相俊美。你的取舍是否会被他俩的外貌所影响？//

如果你被一个人的长相所影响，那有错吗？在过去，人们常常把漂亮等同于美德，把丑陋等同于邪恶。//

即使是现在，“如罪过一般丑陋”这一说法也还没有（完全）从语言中消失。当然，与之相反的是句同样有名的说法：“情人眼里出西施。”大多数有情人对于何为美貌看法一致，而且现代生物学表明这种一致的看法是有道理的。// 生物学还告诉我们，评价一个人（无论男女），貌美的确可以成为一个有用的法则。这一凭经验而来的法则并非绝对可靠，当然也不能替代深入的调查。但是，无论怎样没这是人们本能的反应，对于生来容貌俊秀的人来说，肯定是获益匪（非）浅。//

08年3月中级口译的英译汉部分总体难度适中，话题略显偏难，不是历年试题中颇为熟悉的经济、金融类话题，也非社会教育类主题，而是一段关于beauty（美貌）的哲学式讨论。Topic抽象，句子内容也相对抽象。我们考生乍一看到文章，一时会有些措手不及，对考场翻译会造成一定难度。

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汉译英

据消息灵通人士透露，今年春节前，家乐福才与新大新发生“第一次亲密接触”，其中广州市政府无疑起了“红娘”的作用。短短几个月时间，双方“情投意合”。外界关心的是：家乐福到底看中新大新什么地方？

对此，新大新总经理何先生没有作出正面的回应，只是笼统地陈述在广州的百货业中新大新有自己独特的一面。据何先生透露，这次新大新出资持有新组建的公司35%的股份，家乐福占65%:“这是按照国家有关部门政策，即中方持股不得少于35%的规定厘定的”。

As disclosed by a well-informed source, the “first intimate contact” between Carrefour and Xindaxin(XDX) was not conducted until the dawn of this year’s Spring Festival, with Guangzhou municipal government, not surprisingly, serving as the “matchmaker”. The contact quickly developed into “affinity” between the two

parties within a short period of a few months. What is XDX’s appeal to Carrefour? This question is now the concern of the public.

Mr. He, general manager of XDX, did not elaborate on direct response to this question. He stressed XDX’s “uniqueness” in Guangzhou’s retailing industry but with no specific details. As disclosed by Mr. He, XDX will hold 35% of the new joint venture’s shares, while Carrefour holding the rest 65%, which, is “in compliance with the policies decreed by state authorities concerned, i.e. Chinese companies should hold no less than 35% shares of a JV”.