语法专题(冠词)

语法专题（冠词）

冠词

冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，常用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是不定冠词a/an,另一种是定冠词the ，还有一种是零冠词（名词前不用冠词）

一．考查热点

1.考察冠词的基本用法

2.考查定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法，如：比较级前冠词的使用，

抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用，一日三餐名词前冠词的使用等

3.固定搭配

二．老师寄语

冠词填空抢分绝招：如果“形容词+名词”前无其他限定词，一般填冠词。

那么填那种冠词呢？

1.看语意，如果翻译为“一个，一种，一本……”一般用不定冠词a/an; 翻

译为“这…..那……”表示特指就用the 。

2.看结构，如果名词后有of短语，不定式或定语从句等这样的限定成份时，一般用the.

3.固定搭配，习惯用语要记牢

知识清单

一．不定冠词常用的几种情况

1．不定冠词的用法（a 用于辅音因素前，an用于元音音素前）表示“一个”，相当于one或every

This is an interesting book and it is also a useful one

2 .表一类人或物

A horse is a useful animal.

3．“某一个”，相当于a certain

A Mr.Li is waiting for you .

4. 抽象名词具体化时，可以表示“一场，一次，一件”，a pleasure一件乐事，

a surprise一件令人惊讶的事，a joy一件高兴的事，a pity 一件遗憾的事，

an honour一个（件）以某一为荣的人（事）等前加不定冠词

5. 数词前加不定冠词表示“又一，再一”之意

He has failed twice in P.E test ,and he is wondering whether he have a chance tohave a third try .

6. 用于有形容词修饰的一日三餐，季节，日期前

a big supper a light breakfast a very hot summer a wonderful Sunday

7.与形容词比较级连用表示一个更。。。。的

In recent years ,the small town has enjoyed a bigger boom than ever.

8. 固定搭配

have a cold have a good/great time

After a while have a try

In a hurry （be）at a loss

all of a sudden a great many

go on a diet have a gift for

as a result as a rule

as a matter of fact in a short while/period

have a chance keep an eye on

Take an interest in take/have a walk

make a living live a happy life

a most + adj +n a picture of s

b doing sth 一张某人做….的照片

that/so +adj + a/an + n（可数名词单数）such a/an +adj + n（可数名词单数）what a/an +adj+ n（可数名词单数）+主语+be

二．定冠词的使用

1.使用定冠词的一般情况。

1).特指或第二次提到

2).序数词前，最高级前，独一无二的事物前

3).用于表示发明物的单数名词前或某些专有名词前

Invent the computer

4)用在身体部位名称前，相当于物主代词（动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位）

His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head.

2.定冠词使用的特殊场合

1).He hit him in the face

beat sb on the nose take sb by the arm pat sb on the head /shoulder

2).the poor the rich the wounded the disabled

3).the elder of the two, the more beautiful of the two

两者中较年长的一位/中较漂亮的一个

4.)the soon, the better

5).he got paid by the hour 他是按小时付工钱的

By the month /year/day/dozen

注意by weight按重量

6）in the 50s /in the

7) the Smiths /the Whites 表示一家人或夫妻俩

8）tell the truth /on the other hand /on the way home

3固定搭配

at the moment

on the right/left

in the west/east/distance

the morning/afternoon/evening

on the contrary

in the end

by the way

the day before yesterday

on the spot

on the whole

in the habit of doing sth

for the time being

in the daytime

make the most/best of

the other day

on the radio/ phone

on the one hand…….on the other hand…..

三.零冠词的情况

1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名，地名等名词前一般不加冠词。

China ,America Smith

2可数名词前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词

This dictionary is mine

3季节，月份，日期，节日，假日，一日三餐名词前一般不加冠词。

March , May Day, National Day, Children’sDay, Women’s day

Have you had supper?

Spring is the best season of the year.

4 学科名称，球类，棋类名称前不加冠词

Do you study physics?

He likes playing footdall/chess.

5复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。

They are peasants/workers.

6 在于by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词

By car/bus/bike/train/air/water/land

注意take a bus come in a boat on the train/bus

7 某些固定词组中不用冠词

名词词组中Husband and wife , brother and sister , body and soul ,

day and night , knife and fork

介词词组at noon/night/midnight/dawn/dusk At bottom

last at present at war In order in peace

in trouble in sight in advance in danger in fashion in fact

in case in favor of without result without doubt

without hesitation take part in form beginning to end

注意：在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同

1）in hospital/ prison in the hospital/prison

2)in front of in the front of

3)in charge/control in the charge/control （of）

4)out of question out of the question

8.as 引导的让步状语从句中，做表语的名词不带冠词

Child as she is ,she knows a lot of French

9.系动词turn （变成），后坐表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词

The young girl has turn writer.

The young girl has become a writer

四、语法填空

1. (2019.天津卷) Life is like _____ ocean ,only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.

2.（2019.重庆卷I can’t tell you ___way to the Wilson’s because we don’t have ___Wilson here in the village .

3.（2019.浙江卷The paper is due next month and I am working seven days____ week, often long into ____night

4.（2019.陕西卷_______village where I was born has grown into _____town.

5.（2019.江西卷）They chose tom to be _____captain of the team because they knew he was ______smart leader

6.（2019.新课标全国卷I）India attained Independence in 1974,after ______long struggle

7.（2019.重庆卷）The parents were shocked by ____news that their son needed_____ operation on his knee

8.（2019.山东卷）It was _____cold winter night and the moon was shinning brightly across______ _night sky.

9. （2019.浙江卷）People develop_____ preference for a particular style of learning at ______early age and these preference affect learning.

10.（2019.福建卷）The “Chinese dream” is _______ dream to improve people‘s well-being and ______dream of harmony ,peace and development.

11. （2019江西卷）Animals are obviously _____lower form of life than man .

12. （2019.新课标全国卷II）Four and ____half hours discussion took us up ti midnight ,and _____break for cheese ,chocolate and tea with sugar.

13. （2019.陕西卷）Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _____pacific ocean on his way to java in ______thirteenth century

14. （2019.全国卷I）Sara looked at _________finished painting with satisfaction.

15.（2019.全国卷II）He missed _______gold in the high jump ,but will get ______second chance in the long jump.

16. （2019.浙江）Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write _____children’s book for many years ,but one thing or another always got in ____way.

17. （2019.四川）2019 Brian is gifted in writing music ;he is very likely to be _____Beethoven.

18. （2019.陕西）_____more learned a man is ,_____more modest he usually become.

19.（2019.浙江）_____prize for the winner of the competition is ________two-week holiday in Paris.

20.（2019 重庆）I’d just heard _____bank where Dora works was robbed by _____gunman wearing a mask.

五、实战演练

2018高考英语语法专题练习冠词(含答案和解析)(可编辑修改word版)

2018 高考英语语法专题练习冠词（含答案和解析）冠词是高考英语中的必考知识点，体现在语法填空和单项选择这两大题型中。正确掌握冠词的用法非常重要，今天，我们讲练结合，说一说冠词的用法。 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1．(2016·汉中市二模)Have a good time! 解析：考查冠词。have a good time 玩得开心。2．(2014·天津，8 改编)Life is like an ocean: Only the strong－willed can reach the other shore. 解析：第一个空表示泛指，且ocean 以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；形容词前用定冠词表示一类人，the strong－willed 意为“意志坚强的人”。 3．(2014·重庆，6 改编)I can't tell you the way to the Wilson's because we don't have a Wilson here in the village. 解析：way 后有介词短语作定语，表特指，所以第一空填定冠词the；泛指“一个名叫Wilson 的人”，第二空填不定冠词a。 4．(2014·陕西，19 改编) The village where I was born has grown into a town. 解析：village 后有定语从句修饰，是特指，故第一空填定冠词；泛指“一座城镇”，故第二空填不定冠词a。

5．(2016·大庆市一模)Every time there was an outbreak，a great number of terrified people died. 解析：there was＋可数名词单数，且“outbreak”以元音音素开头，故用an。 6.The news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday. 解析：句意为：市长来我们学校参观的新闻昨天通过收音机发布了。名词news 后有介词短语修饰，起限定作用，表特指，故填the。 7.In Germany, a successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”，has been running with a great success. 解析：句意为：在德国，一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。project 为单数可数名词，此处意为“一个成功的项目”，表泛指。故填不定冠词a。 8.—Mom, why can't I have a new bike?—Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees. 解析：句意为：——妈妈，我为什么不能要一辆新自行车？——亲爱的，你要知道，赚钱可不是件容易的事。bike 为单数可数名词，是首次提到，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。 9.The wish always remains unrealistic that you can come

(完整版)英语语法专题一冠词

英语语法专题一冠词英语的冠词有三个(a, an, the),a和an是不定冠词；the是定冠词。（一）不定冠词一、知识测练填上恰当的不定冠词。 1.She thinks that English is _______ useful subject and she spends more than _______ hour speaking it every day. 2.I bought _______ new handbag. There was _______ "s" on the corner. 3.There is _______ orange and _______ banana on your desk. They are for you. 4.Is Germany _______ European country or _______ Asian country? 5.They have made quite _______ few friends since they lived in this place. 二、知识归纳不定冠词a和an的基本用法：不定冠词a和an都是修饰_________（可数、不可数）名词的单数，表示“一个”的惑思，一般指人或物中的某一个或某一类。 (1)a用在_________（辅音、元音）开头的单词前（注意：辅音不是辅音字母）。如：a man, a beautiful flower, a heavy bag, a university, a European country (2)an用在_________（元音、辅音）开头的单词前（注意：元音不是元音字母）。如：an orange, an hour, an honest boy, an unhappy girl, an Asian country, an unusual tree 三、知识过关单项选择 1.That's not _______ apple. It's _______ pear. A. a, a B. the, a C. an, a D. a, the 2.Walk down the road for half _______ hour, you'll see _______ university in front of you. A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a, an 3._______ tiger is stronger than _______ sheep. A. A, an B. An. A C. The, / D. A, a 4.There's _______ "s" and _______ "u" in the word "use". A. the, the B. an, a C. an, an D. a, an 5.China is _______ Asian country, but England is _______ European country. A. an, an B. an, a C. a, an D. a, a 6.Is this _______ useful book? —Yes. And it's also _______ interesting book.

英语语法之冠词和数词

英语语法之冠词和数词 1.不定冠词a与an的用法 2.定冠词the的用法 3."零"冠词 4.基数词的用法 5.序数词的用法一. 冠词的用法冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。冠词有两种。 a(an)叫不定冠词，the叫定冠词。a用在辅音之前，an用在元音之前。 1. 不定冠词的用法 (1) a和an均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如： John is a student. Mary is an English teacher. (2) 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如: A steel worker makes steel. Pass me an apple, please. (3) 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如： A student wants to see you. A girl is waiting for you outside. (4) 表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。例如： Take the medicine three times a day. They go to see their parents once a week. 2. 定冠词用法

(1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如： The book on the desk is an English dictionary. Beijing is the capital of China. (2) 指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如：Open the door, please. Jack is in th e library. (3) 上文提到过的人或事物。例如： Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yua n. (4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。例如：Shanghai is the biggest city in China. Jan uary is the first month of the year. (6) 用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：The nurse is kind to the sick. We should take good care of the old. the old 老人the young 年轻人the rich 富人the poor 穷人 the sick 病人the dead 死人 (7) 用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。例如： the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。 (8) 用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫妇”。

语法专题冠词

语法专题冠词冠词包括不定冠词a/an，定冠词the和不用冠词的情况(也可称为零冠词)。a/an的基本含义为“一个”，表泛指，the的基本含义是“这个、那个”，表特指。通常第一次出现的可数名词前用a/an 修饰，重复出现时用the修饰。冠词离不开名词，掌握冠词首先要弄清名词的性质，即可数还是不可数。如果一个单数可数名词前没有限定词修饰，则前面一定要用冠词。考点一、考查不定冠词a / an表示个别或泛指的用法。不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。(__ university, _____ useful animal,____one-eyed dog,____ European car,_____ hour,_____ honest by,_____ X-ray,____ ugly man,____ honor) 1.泛指某人/物。这个用法是不定冠词考查的重点。 1.Donald Trump,______ 71 -year-old businessman, was chosen President of the US last year. 2. I went to a supermarket to buy _______ birthday gift for my aunt yesterday. 3. I want to be______ engineer when I grow up. 4. Mary is ______ eight-year-old girl with long curly hair. 2. 指同类人或物中的任何一个，相当于any。 1. Even _______ child can answer this question. 2. ______ teacher is supposed to love his students. 3. It is generally accepted that ____ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man. 3. 表示“每一”，相当于every/per。 1. English people have four meals ______ day, and they usually have breakfast at 7:00. 2. I earn 10 dollars 4. 表示“一个”，相当于one。 1. —What do you usually have for breakfast? —Some bread, ________ egg and a glass of milk. 2. My sister sometimes has only ______ apple for dinner because she wants to be thin. 3. He often watches news on TV for nearly _________hour after dinner. 5. 用于专有名词前表示“某一个……”，相当于a certain；或属于某人的物品。 1. ______ Mr Li called you just now. 2. Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be ______ Picasso. 6. 用于序数词前表示“再一，又一”。 1. —Don’t give up! Perhaps the hard task needs more of your effort. —I won't. I'll have ______ second try any way. 2. He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get _______ second chance in the long jump. 3. He tried _______ second time only to fail again. 7. 用于动词转化的名词前，表示一次动作。 1. Let’s go ove r and have _______ look. 2. Kate can’t come now. She is taking _______ rest in her room. 8. 用于一些固定搭配或固定短语中。这一点也是冠词常考的方面，考生应加强记忆。 _________________________具备....的知识____________________________了解/懂得 _________________________立刻/马上____________________________有...人口 ______________有...的历史____________....的浪费___________________的问题考点二、考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法。 1. 特指上文提到的或谈话双方都知道的人或事。 1. I bought a useful dictionary yesterday. ______ dictionary is very cheap. 2. I ordered a hamburger and salad._________hamburger was nice but the salad was not delicious. 2. 用于形容词，副词最高级或序数词前或用于形容词比较级前表示两者中“更……的一个”；用于形容词或副词比较级前表示“越……越……”。only,main,very,same等修饰名词时，前面也要用定冠词。 1. Dangal (《摔跤吧！爸爸》), ______ Indian film, has become one of ______ most popular films in China. 2. This is _______ tallest building I have ever seen, and have you ever seen a taller building? 3. The stronger the motivation is, _______ more quickly a person will learn a foreign language. 4.It is _______most useful dictionary. 注意:He came first in the race. 3. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前，但该名词前有形容词修饰时，可以与不定冠词连用。 1. On Mid-Autumn Day, people eat moon cakes and watch _______ moon. 2. The distance of _______ sun from _______ earth is 150,500,500 kilometers. 3. The Internet is the biggest source of information in _______ world. _____ bright moon/ _____ new world 4. 用于乐器名词前。 5. 用于普通名词构成的国家，组织机构，建筑物，报纸杂志等专有名词前。 1. As is known to all, ___ People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in__world. 2.We are said to be living in ___ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes. 6. 用于某些形容词或分词前，表示某一类人；用于姓氏的复数前表示一家人或夫妇二人。 7.在介词短语中，方向/方位名词前要用冠词或用在年代，朝代名词及逢十的数词前（表年代）。 8. 用于表示身体部位的部分名词前。 1. An apple fell from the tree and hit him on _______ head. 2. He held the baby girl upside down and patted her on _______ back. 9.用在表度量单位的名词前，表示“每一”。 10.用于江河湖海，山脉群岛，海峡海湾等地理名词前。 The Yellow River is the cradle of Chinese culture. 考点三、零冠词的用法 1.不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词。 Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts. 2. 月、季、星期、节假、洲前；三餐、球类、惯用语前；学科、棋类，职位、头衔等名词前，用零冠词。 A year can be divided into four seasons — spring，summer，autumn and winter. I always have breakfast at home and lunch at school. Some students will play basketball after school，and others will go running around the campus. 例：In 1778, Banks was elected ___ president of the Royal Society, __position he held for 42 years. A./, the B. the, / C. the, the D./, a 3.个体名词的抽象化:个体名词被抽象化后，与零冠词连用。 go to school/go to the school in hospital/in the hospital at table/at the table in prison/in the prison go to bed/go to the bed

(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—冠词的易错题汇编及答案解析

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