高中英语语法 状语从句 归纳总结

状语从句

一．

二．分类：

种类连接词注意区别：

时间状语when/whenever/while/as/before/after/instantly

/until/till/by the time/as soon as/hardly…when

/no sooner…than/the moment/the minute/immediately

有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从

句：the?minute,?the?moment,?every?time,?the?first?time

例：The?moment?he?reached?the?country,?he?started?his?

search. 他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。

有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句：

directly

例：Directly?the?master?came?in,?everyone?was?quiet.

校长一进来，?大家就安静下来

as和when、while：

as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。当从句的动作发生于主句

动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或while。

从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as，不用when 或while。

till/until和not…till/until：

until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。

地点

状语

where

the same as结构)

方式

状语

as if, as though, as, (just)as---so，as if 和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。

让步

状语

Though/although/even if/even though/ as

adv.+that（如此……以致）so that（结果……）

such+n.+that（如果……以致）that（所以，因此）

让步状语从句：though/although不可同but连用。

though/although （虽然）however （可是）even though/if（即使）

no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever

（不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时）

比较状语从句：as （正如）as…as（和……一样）not as/so … as （不如……）than（比……更）the+比较级…+the+比较级（越……越……）

条件状语从句：if（假设）unless（如果不）so long as（只要）on condition that （如果）

方式状语从句：as（像……那样地）just as（正像）as if（好像）as though（好像）

三．

四．各种状语从句的简化方法：

状语

从句由when/while/as/once/whenever引导的时间状语从句当主句的主语和从

句的主语一致时，且

谓语动词为be，常省

略从句的主语和谓

语be.

由if/unless引导的条件状语从句

由though/although/even though/even if引导的让步状语从句

由because引导的原因状语从句

由wherever引导的地点状语从句

1．

2．以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于after/before+doing sth.

作状语。

例：After she sang，she left the rich man's house．= After singing，she left the rich man's house．3．

4．以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语，此时的动词为非延续性动词。

例：Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village．

= Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village．

5．

6．时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。

例：She stopped when she saw her husband．= She stopped to see her husband．

If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside．

= To understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside．

7．

8．结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。

例：He was so tired that he couldn't go any further．= He was too tired to go any further．

I came here so that I could ask some questions．= I came here(in order) to ask some questions．9．

10．以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于when/while/if +doing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例：When he turned on the radio，he found it broken．= When turning on the radio，he found it broken．While she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car．= While walking along the street，she was hit by a car．

11．原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。

例：Since l didn't know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English．= Not knowing Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English．

注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。

例：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house．

= Thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house．

12．在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状语。

例：When the film start appeared, the children got exited．= The film start appearing，the children got exited．

If all the work is done, you can have a rest．= With all the work done，you can have a rest．

Nothing can live if there is no air．= Nothing can live without air．

13．让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语；不一致时，常简化为with或in spite of介词短语作状语。

例：Although he faced his death，he didn't say anything before the enemy．

= Facing the death，he didn't say anything before the enemy.

Although there was danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety．

= In spite of danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety．

三．表示"一…就…"的结构

hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than和as soon as都可以表示"一…就…"的意思，例：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.

I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.

As soon as I got home, it began to rain.

注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：

Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

四．As引导的让步状语从句的倒装：

1．形容词+as+主语+系动词：

例：Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。

2．过去分词+as+主语+系动词：

例：Well-known as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it.

尽管这本书写得很好,作者还是不满意并打算修改它。

3．名词+as+主语+系动词：

例：Student as he is, he does not study hard. 他虽然是个学生，但却不努力学习。

4．副词+as+主语+谓语部分：

例：Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.

我虽然钦佩他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不明智的。

5．动词原形+as+主语+谓语的剩余部分：

例：Try as you will，you won’t be able to persuade him. 不管你怎么努力，你都说服不了他。