(完整版)2018年江苏高考英语专题一语法知识:第10讲代词(含答案),推荐文档

(完整版)2018年江苏高考英语专题一语法知识:第10讲代词(含答案),推荐文档
(完整版)2018年江苏高考英语专题一语法知识:第10讲代词(含答案),推荐文档

第10 讲代词

1.In many ways,the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK.(2016·浙江,3)

A.that B.this

C.one D.it

答案A

解析句意为:在许多方面,美国的教育制度与英国的并没有很大的不同。代词that 指代前文中出现的the education system。this 这个;one 泛指上文提到过的同类事物中的一个;it 指代上文提到过的同一事物。根据语境可知应选A 项。

2.To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare f oot against .

(2015·陕西,13) A.another B.the other

C.other D.either

答案B

解析句意为:为了让自己暖和起来,这个水手坐在火堆旁,光着脚,用一只脚搓另一只脚。表示“(两者中的)一个……另一个……”用one...the other...。

3.The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure.(2015·重庆,2)

A.everybody B.nobody

C.anybody D.somebody

答案B

解析句意为:会议将在九月召开,但是没人知道具体日期。句中的but 表转折,根据句意可知应选nobody。

4.The research group produced two reports based on the survey,but contained any useful suggestions.(2015·福建,21)

A.all B.none

C.either D.neither

答案D

解析句意为:这个研究组发布了以这个调查为基础的两个报道,但是二者没有一个包含有用的建议。根据题干中的two reports 和but 可知,此处表示“两者都不”,所以用neither。5.Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.(2015·四川,10) A.nothing B.no one

C.neither D.none

答案D

解析句意为:Niki 总是有很多想法,但是据我所知,没有一个想法有用。nothing 什么都没有,没有东西;no one 指人,故选项B 错误;neither 两者都不,与语意不符;none 表示三者或三者以上都不,可指人也可指物,故此题选D。

6.How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?(2015·浙江,12)

A.them B.one

C.those D.it

答案D

解析句意为:如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目,这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了,你会怎么想?固定表达:How would you like it if...?意为“如果……,你会怎么想?”在此结构中it 代替后面if 从句的内容。

7.In some countries,people eat with c hopsticks,while in ,knives and forks.

(2014·福建,21) A.another B.others

C.both D.all

答案B

解析句意为:在一些国家,人们用筷子吃饭,然而在另一些国家,人们用刀子和叉子。some...others...是固定用法,意思是“一些……另一些……”,故选B。

8.Good families are much to all their members,but to none.(2014·江苏,34)

A.something B.anything

C.everything D.nothing

答案C

解析句意为:优秀的家庭对它的成员来说意味着很多,但绝不是全部。everything to none 为部分否定,相当于Good families are not everything to any one of their members.

9.You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.(2014·安徽,24)

A.One B.No one

C.Everyone D.Someone

答案C

解析句意为:你可以向任何人求助。这儿的每个人都愿意为你提供帮助。由前半句设置的情景可知,后半句空中应为Everyone。

10.—When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?

—.I’ll be in all day.(2014·江西,32)

A.Any B.None

C.Neither D.Either

答案D

解析句意为:——我什么时候打电话过来,早晨还是下午?——都可以,我一直都在。根据句意可知是在早晨和下午这两种情况中做出选择。A、B 两项通常都表示三者或三者以上的情况;neither 表示两者都不;either 表两者中选择其一。故D 项符合题意。

11.A smile costs ,but gives much.(2014·重庆,1)

A.anything B.something

C.nothing D.everything

答案C

解析句意为:微笑是无需付出任何成本的,但是却给予很多。故选C 项。cost nothing 意为“无需付出”。

12.An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,making the driest year since California became a state in 1850.(2014·浙江,3)

A.each B.it

C.this D.one

答案B

解析句意为:去年平均降雨量仅为18.75 厘米,使其成为自1850 年加利福尼亚成为州以来最干旱的一年。由语境可知,空格处替代前面提到的last year,为同名同物的指代,用it。each 每个;this 这个;one 一个,泛指“同类当中的一个”。

13.—Who’s that at the door?

—is the milkman.(2014·大纲全国,25)

A.He B.It

C.This D.That

答案B

解析句意为:——谁在门口?——是送奶员。由语境可知,此处指“不知道性别的某个人”,要用it 表示,故B 项正确。this 与that 均为指示代词,但是没有此用法。

14.Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.

(2014·山东,4) A.that B.this

C.it D.her

答案C

解析根据句意和句子结构可知,从句“她想为自己创造新生活”是make 的真正宾语。故空格处应填入形式宾语it。

15.She’d lived in London and Manchester,but s he liked and moved to Cambridge.

(2014·四川,1) A.both B.neither

C.none D.either

答案B

解析句意为:她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特都生活过,但这两个地方她都不喜欢,所以就搬到了剑桥。both 两者都;neither 表示两者的全部否定;none 表三者及以上的全部否定;either 表两者中选择其一。此处是表示两者的全部否定,故使用neither。

16.Those who smoke heavily should remind of health,the bad smell and the feelings of other people.(2013·上海,26)

A.theirs B.them

C.themselves D.oneself

答案C

解析句意为:那些吸烟很凶的人应该提醒他们自己健康、气味难闻和他人的感受。由语境可知,此处是提醒他们自己,用反身代词,故C 项正确。

17.Recycling is one way to protect the e nvironment;reusing is .(2013·重庆,31)

A.another B.the other

C.one another D.one

答案A

解析句意为:回收利用是保护环境的一种方法,重复利用是另外一种方法。another 是三

者或三者以上之中的另一个;the other 是两者之中的另一个;one another 意为“互相”;one 表示“一个”。保护环境的方法有很多。故选A 项。

18.At our factory there are a few machines s imilar to described in this magazine.

(2013·天津,12) A.them B.these

C.those D.ones

答案C

解析句意为:在我们工厂有一些机器与这本杂志上描述的相似。those 指代前面提到的复

数名词machines。

19.—Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?

—4,000,or like that.(2012·福建,22)

A.anything B.everything

C.something D.nothing

答案C

解析问句句意为:你计算出这次旅行将会花多少钱了吗?答语中给出的回答是“4 000 美元”,然而紧跟其后又出现了“or(或者)”,所以判断答者是给出了两种回答:花4 000 美元或者4 000 美元左右。解答好本题的关键是要掌握“something like+数字”这一结构,意为“……左右”。本题易误认为是考查or something(诸如此类的事)短语的运用,需仔细区分。20.We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose based on your own interests.(2011·福建,21)

A.either B.each

C.one D.it

答案C

解析句意为:我们有各种各样的暑期夏令营,你可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。either 两者中任何一个;each 每一个;one 一个,为泛指,泛指同类事物或人中的某一个;it 为特指,特指上文提到的某人或者某事物。根据语境可知,此处应是表示泛指的某一个,泛指上句提到的various summer camps 中的某一个。故选C 项。

1.none,nothing,no one 的区别

(1)none 可与由of 连接的人或物组成短语,而nothing,no one(nobody)不可。

None of us went to the concert last night.

昨天晚上我们中没有一个人去听音乐会。

(2)none 回答How many...或How much...的问题,而no one(nobody)和nothing 则分别用来回答Who...和What...的问题。

—How many students in your class went to the lecture?

—None.

——你们班有多少学生去听报告了?

——一个也没有。

—Who did you see enter the lonely house?

—Nobody.

——你看见谁进了那间僻静的房间?

——没看见一个人。

(3)none 可以指代前面提到的人或物,no one(nobody)和nothing 没有这种作用。

He has a brother,but I have none.

他有一个兄弟,而我一个也没有。2.none,neither,all,

both,any,either 的区别(1)none 表示三者或三者以上都

不;neither 表示两者都不。(2)all 表示三者或三者以上

都……;both 表示两者都……。

(3)any 表示三者或三者以上中的任何一个;either 表示两者中的任何一个。

None of his friends has/have ever been to Paris.

他的朋友没有一人去过巴黎。

Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but neither of them wants to,because they have work to do.

拉里请比尔和彼得一起去野餐,但他们两人都不想去,因为他们有工作要做。

You can park on either side of the street.

你在街道的哪边停车都可以。

3.it,one,that,those 作替代词的区别

(1)it 所代替的是前面提到过的同一事物,而one 所代替的是同类事物中的“一个”,

one=a/an+名词,它只能代替可数名词,其复数形式是ones。

I can’t find my pen.Do you see it?

我找不到我的钢笔了。你看见它了吗?

I need a bike but I have no money to buy one.

我需要一辆自行车,可没钱买。

(2)that=the+名词,它既可代替可数名词,也可代替不可数名词,它所代替的也是同类事物。

His behavior was not that of gentleman.

他的行为不是正人君子的行为。

(3)those 替代上文中提到的复数名词,既可指人,也可指物。those 指人时,后须跟定语。Those who break the law will be punished.

那些违反法律的人要受到惩罚。

4.it 的两种特殊用法

(1)作形式主语或形式宾语代替不定式、动名词或从句。

It is no use arguing with him.

与他争辩是没有用的。

(2)注意下列句型中的it:

①It is+时间段+since...自从……以来多久了。

②It was+时间段+before+过去时多久以后才……

③It will be+时间段+before+一般现在时多久之后才……

④It won’t be long before...不久就……

⑤It is/was+被强调部分+that/who...强调句型

⑥It is (high) time that+did/should do sth.到了某人做某事的时候了。

⑦It be (just) like sb.to do sth.像某人做某事的风格。

⑧It be the+序数词+time+that...是第几次……

5.other,another,the other,others,the others

(1)other 作前置定语,修饰单数或复数名词。

I’ll come again some other day.

我改日再来吧。

(2)another 用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的“另一个”。其名词前不加冠词。

I don’t want this one.Please give me another.

我不想要这一个,请给我另一个。

(3)the other 表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”,是特指,常用于“one...the other...”句型中。

She has two children.One is a boy,and the other is a girl.

她有两个孩子,一个是男孩,另一个是女孩。

(4)others 用作代词,泛指“其他人”或“其它物”,常用于“some...others...”句型中。

Some say yes,and others say no.

有人说对,有人说不对。

(5)the others 指整体中除去一部分后,剩余的全部。

There are fifty-five students in our class.Thirty of us are girls.The others are boys.

我们班有五十五个学生,三十个是女生,其余的是男生。

1.—Shall we meet and discuss the problem at 9 am?

—I’m afraid I will be busy at that time.Let’s m ake it time.

(2017·南菁高中自主招生试题,5) A.other’s B.the other

C.another D.other

答案C

解析句意为:——上午9 点我们见面讨论这个问题好吗?——恐怕那时我很忙。咱们另约个时间吧。another 指众多事物中的“另一个”,符合句意。

2.We believe that this is not only an inevitable trend,but will prove beneficial.(2017·盐城期中,24)

A.one B.ones

C.the one D.one that

答案D

解析句意为:我们相信这不仅是必然的趋势,而且也将证明是有利的。分析句子成分可知,

空格处为泛指,指代上文的an inevitable trend,故one 符合题意,其后为定语从句,当先行词为表物的不定代词时,其关系词只能用that,定语从句中缺少主语,所以that 不能省略。故D 项符合题意。

3.Though I’m not making near as much money as I did when I was employed full time,I have more time to accompany the family.(2017·海安高级中学检测,21)

A.anything B.everything

C.anywhere D.everywhere

答案C

解析句意为:虽然我远没有做全职工作时挣的钱那样多,但我有更多的时间陪伴家人。固定搭配:not anywhere near (nowhere near)远不如;远不像。

4.A responsible teacher must see to that every one of his students develops his full potential.(2017·苏州调研,17)

A.all B.them

C./ D.it

答案D

解析句意为:一个负责任的老师必须确保他的每一个学生都能发挥他的全部潜能。固定短语:see to it that...,it 为形式宾语,真正的宾语是that 从句。

5.The artificial intelligence(AI) and the possible dangers may cause to human race have raised wide concern.(2017·武进区期中,32)

A.which B.what

C.that D.it

答案D

解析句意为:人工智能及其对人类可能造成的危害已引起广泛关注。此题填it,指代前面的the artificial intelligence,it may cause to human race 是定语从句,修饰dangers。故答案为D。

6.I think George left because he had lost his job or .(2017·启东中学调研,32) A.nothing B.anything

C.something D.everything

答案C

解析考查不定代词。句意为:我认为George 离开是因为他已经失去了工作什么的。or

something 诸如此类的东西,为固定搭配。故选C 项。

7.The group made clear that they were strongly against mistreating an animal.

(2017·灌南高级中学检测,33) A.this B.that

C.it D.one

答案C

解析句意为:该团体已经明确表示他们强烈反对虐待动物。make it+adj.+that 从句,其中it 作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的that 引导的宾语从句。故选C。

8.Of all the clues they provided,is of any help for solving the case of robbery.

(2017·南京师大附属实验学校期中,33) A.nothing B.neither

C.none D.no one

答案C

解析句意为:在他们提供的所有线索中,没有一个是对此抢劫案的解决有帮助的。none=none of all the clues they provided。nothing 没有什么;neither 两者都不;none(三者以上)都不;no one 没有人。故选C 项。

9.—Bob isn’t feeling well.He has caught a cold.

—Everybody seems to have because of the sudden change of the weather.

(2017·南京师大附属实验学校期中,26) A.one B.it

C.that D.another

答案A

解析句意为:——鲍勃感到很不舒服,他感冒了。——由于天气突变,好像每个人都感冒了。one 表示同名异物,表示泛指,相当于“a/an+名词”;it 表示同名同物;that 表示特指;another 另一个。故选A 项。

10.All of us have the desire to visit the three main temples in Athena,especially that contains a gold and ivory statue of Athena.(2017·盐城景山中学调研,23)

A.one B.that

C.the one D.which

答案C

解析句意为:我们都渴望参观雅典娜的三大神庙,尤其是里面有用金子和象牙雕塑而成的雅典娜塑像的那座。此处特指三座庙中那座“里面有用金子和象牙雕塑而成的雅典娜塑像的庙”,故用the one;the one 为同位语,后面是that 引导的定语从句。

11.—Which day shall we go on a picnic next week?

—Make it day you like,for it makes no difference to me.(2017·苏锡常镇四市一模,

22)

A.one B.any

C.another D.other

答案B

解析句意为:——我们下周哪一天去野餐?——你想定在哪一天都行,因为对于我而言没

什么区别。any 任何一个,符合句意。one 一个;another 另一个,再一个;other 其他的,别的。

12.To my father,there’s no greater happiness than of succeeding in his career.

(2016·苏州一模,21) A.it B.one

C.that D.the one

答案C

解析句意为:对于我的父亲来说,没有比他的事业成功更幸福的事了。that 可用来指代不

可数名词,此处指代happiness。

13.Echo is always complaining about her job as a cashier,but frankly it’s to have a job in these difficult days.(2016·南通三模,26)

A.anything B.everything

C.something D.nothing

答案C

解析句意为:Echo 老是抱怨她那份出纳员的工作,但是坦率地说,在这些艰难的日子里,有一份工作就该知足了。It’s something to do 为固定句型,其中something 意为“重要的事”。

14.Students are not required to take the TOEFL or the IELTS test but we welcome the submission of your score if you have taken .(2016·江苏百校联考,24)

A.both B.none

C.either D.neither

答案C

解析句意为:不要求学生参加托福或雅思考试,但是如果你参加过其中的任意一种,我们会欢迎你提交你的考试成绩。前文提到两种考试,设空处指的是两种中的任意一种,如果选择both,your score 应该用复数形式。

15.In public places,improved child-care facilities will benefit genders,not just women.(2016·苏锡常镇四市二模,21)

A.both B.all

C.either D.other

答案A

解析句意为:在公共场所,改善儿童保育设施将受益于两性,而不仅仅是妇女。both 两个;all 所有,指三者以上;either 二选一;other 其他的。结合句意可知此处表示男女两种性别,故选A。

16.can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.(2016·泰州二模,22)

A.Nobody B.Anybody

C.Somebody D.Everybody

答案A

解析句意为:没有人能够忍住不被科幻小说带给我们的科幻世界着迷。can’t help but do sth.=can’t help doing sth.,意为“忍不住做某事,情不自禁做某事”。Nobody can help but do sth.相当于everybody can’t help but do sth.。

17.Everyone doesn’t agree to the plan.Some support it while I’m one of opposed to it. A.those who B.who

C.those D.that

答案C

解析句意为:不是每人都同意这个计划。有些人支持,而我是反对的人中的一个。由于opposed to 是一个形容词短语,如选those who,应在opposed 前加are;those 指代those people,被形容词短语opposed to it 修饰,故选C 项。

18.The supermarket has been broken into three times in the last two years, resulting in their great loss.

A.each B.every

C.any D.either

答案A

解析each 每个,各自;every 每一个的;any 任何,任何一个;either 两者中的一个或另一个。故A 符合题意。

19.Almost 90% of the most popular video games contain violence,and of it is extremely violent.

A.nothing B.much

C.none D.many

答案B

解析句意为:几乎90%的最流行的电子游戏都含有暴力,其中很多是极其暴力的。of it 中的it 指代前文的violence 这一不可数名词,应用much 指代。故选B 项。

20.—What sort of sweets do you like?

—with chocolate inside.

A.Many B.Such

C.Ones D.Each

答案C

解析句意为:——你喜欢什么样的甜品?——里面有巧克力的那种。句中ones 指代同类事物的复数,这里代替sweets。

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At the end, Xiao Bian gives you a passage. Minand once said, "people who learn to learn are very happy people.". In every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. As a professional clerical and teaching position, I understand the importance of continuous learning, "life is diligent, nothing can be gained", only continuous learning can achieve better self. Only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. This document is also edited by my studio professionals, there may be errors in the document, if there are errors, please correct, thank you!

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Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere — 20 minutes, Kendal — 25 minutes, Lancaster — 45 minutes, Manchester — 1 hour 30 minutes. By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening Times Sunday —Friday (closed on Saturday) 11:00am —4:00pm, 30th March —2nd November. Admission Charges Hall & Gardens Gardens Adults: £12.00 £8.00 Groups: £9.00 £5.50 Special Events Producers’ Market13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival 30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening. National Garden Day 28th August

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