名词分类及句法功能

名词分类及句法功能
名词分类及句法功能

个性化教案

授课时间:**年**月** 日备课时间:2012年7月5日

年级:九年级课时:2 课题:名词学生姓名:****** 教师姓名:陈叶娟

教学目标1 复习名词的单复数变化及不可数名词的量化

2 中考直击

难点重点1名词的复习2 知识梳理

教学内容

名词

课前开心一下

Tongue twister:

(1)A big black bug bit a big black bear. Where's the big black bear the big black bug bit? (2)A bitter biting bittern bit a better brother bittern, and the bitter better bittern bit the bitter biter back. And the bitter bittern, bitten, by the better bitten bittern, said: "I'm a bitter biter bit, alack!"

小疑问:亲,你懂上面是什么意思木?不懂就认真往下看哦!

第一部分:名词的分类

Step 1:啥叫名词嗫?

名词:表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词

Step2:咋分类嗫?

个体名词:

可数名词

普通名词集体名词

物质名词

名词不可数名词

抽象名词:

专有名词

******如果觉得头大,我们来看个更简单的图解好了******

类 别 意 义

例 词

专有名词

表示人地方住址机构或事物等专有的名称

Paris John Britain 普 通 名 词

可数名词

个体名词 表示个别或事物的名称

Apple lawyer tree

集体名词 表示若干人或事物的总称 Class army cattle 不

可数名词

物质名词 表示物质或材料的名称

Cotton bread ink

抽象名词 表示性质行为状态或情感等抽象概念的名称 Freedom life fact

****************************************************************************************

Step3: 小试牛刀

将下列单词正确归类:

absence, age, anger,girl age, energy, apple, equipment, people, police , experience, failure, fear,

food, fun, health, noice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, glass, grass, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, rice , pride, nurse,research, respect, safety, lemon ,salt, shaddock , money, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, juice , hair chicken, fish , noddle ,dollar, book , watermelon,

可数名词 不可数名词

名 词

可数名词

不可数名词

可以用数目来计算的名词叫可数名词。可数名词一般有单数和复数两种形式 (少数名词两种形式是相同的)

一般无法用数目来计算的名词叫不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形 式, 并且不能用不定冠词a(an)或数词one 修饰。物质/抽象/专有名词

第二部分:可数名词

Step1:规则可数名词的单复数变化

类型变化方式读音例词

多数名词及缩略词词尾直接

加“S”

清辅音后读(S)

浊辅音后读(z)

单数复数类似词

Appl;

book

Apples

books;

Month monkey exam

以s、x、

z、ch、sh 结尾的词尾加es es读(z)

Bus

box;

buses;

boxes

Class dish church

辅音字母+ y结尾的词变y为i

再在词尾

+es

es读(z)

Baby

pony

Babies

ponies

Family lady party

元音字母加y

结尾的,直接在词

尾加s es读(z)

Valley

donkey

Valleys

;donkeys

Boy toy

以f/fe 结尾的将f/fe变

为v加es es读(z)

Knife

wolf

knives;

wolves

Leaf life shelf

有些直接

加s

s读(z) Chief

roof

Chiefs

roofs

Gulf belief reef

以辅音

加o结尾的(有生命)词尾加es es读(z)

Potato

tomato

Potatoes

tomatoes

Hero negro

以辅音加o结尾的(无生命)词尾加s s读(z) Zoo

radio

zoos;

radios

Kilo piano bamboo

注:

***当ch读[ k ] 时,其复数应加s, 如stomach---stomachs

*** 以下以f或fe结尾的,直接加s

roof---roofs gulf---gulfs 湾 chief---chiefs belief---beliefs

proof---proofs safe---safes 保险箱cliff---cliffs

reef –reefs 暗礁 brief –briefs 纲要

*** 注:handkerchief ---handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

staff—staffs职员----stafves棒杖

***有的名词有两种复数形式。如:zero — zeros 、zeroes, volcano

cargo (船、飞机、车辆装载的)货物[C][U] mosquito 蚊子[C]

penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同。如:pence(便士的钱数),pennies(便士的枚数)。

***有规律的无规则变化***

Step2:不规则名词的单复数变化

构成方法举例备注

单数复数

变内部元音字母Foot/ tooth/ goose/

man/woman Feet/teeth/geese/

men / women

**有些名词单数、复数

意义不同,如:工作/

工厂work(s);报纸/试

卷 paper(s)方式/礼貌

manner(s) 空气/架子

air(s) 沙/沙滩

sand(S) time(s)

单数、复数同形Sheep/ fish/ deer /

people Sheep/ fish /deer /people

完全不规则

Child/ox/mouse Children/oxen/mice

1、be和指示代词的复数。

is---are am---are this---these that---those it---they

2、有些名词是通常以复数形式出现的,如:shoes, pants, boots, glasses等。

Step3:可数名词单数变复数记忆口诀

单数变复数式,后加s统言之。有些名词须注意,要加s先加e 尾音[s/z/∫]和[t∫],还有辅音加o时。辅音加y变ie,f结尾改ve 。

少数名词不规则,男女脚牙鹅孩子。日本绵羊中国鱼,特殊变化要硬记。

Step4: 巧计以0,f(fe)结尾的名词变复数两则:

① negroes eat potatoes ,heroes eat tomatoes.黑人吃土豆,英雄吃番茄。

② the wives of theives cut the wolves into halves with knives, and covered them with leaves behind shelves .小偷的妻子用刀把狼砍成几半,然后用树叶将其盖

在了书架后面。

Step5:小试牛刀

一、选择a/an填空。

1. elephant

2. tree

3. hamburger

4. ice-cream

5. computer

6. orange

7. melon

8. hen

9. eraser 10. old man

11. English teacher

12. red apple

二、把下列单词改成复数形式。

1. class

2.bus

3.glass

4.dress

5.box

6.fox

7.watch

8.peach

9.fish

10.wolf 11.knife 12.family 13.story

14.baby 15.library

三、写出下列各词的单数形式。

1.potatoes

2.bridges

https://www.360docs.net/doc/738021982.html,dies

4.our

5.are

6.they

7.sheep

8.men

9.feet 10.dishes 11.shelves 12.houses

五、选词填空。

例:This is a lady.(lady, ladies)

1. There are some (dish, dishes) on the table.

2. Uncle Li has many (duck, ducks)and a big (dog, dogs)on his farm.

3. I have some English and American .(stamp, stamps)

4.This is not (an orange, oranges). It’s (an apple, apples).

5.Kids like (cake, cakes)and (hot dogs, hot dog).

6.There is (an air-conditioner, air-conditioners)and two (window, windows)in my room.

7. (Artist, An artist) loves painting.

8. (Fishes, Fish) is my favorite food.

9. (Potatoes, Potato) are my favourite fruit.

10. (Rabbits, Rabbit)like (carrot, carrots).

11. (Children, Children)have a good time on Children’s Day.

12.The little kid has only one (tooth,teeth).

让我们休息一下好了!

第三部分:不可数名词

Step1:不可数名词的概念

一般来说,不可数名词主要是以物质名词与抽象名词为主。它们通常没有复数形式,也不能与a ,an 连用。在表示“一”或“几”的数量概念时,不可数名词必须与相应的量词连用。Step2:不可数名词的归类

1、表示液体:water, juice, milk, lemonade, coffee, coke, ink

2、表示自然现象:snow, rain, ice

3、表示食品类:rice, jam, honey, meat, bread, mutton, beef, tofu, eggplant, pork, chicken,

fish, food

4、其它类:newspaper, news, homework, housework

Step3:不可数名词的量化

表示复数的数量关系时,则把量词变化,不可数名词不变.

例如:a box of milk 一盒牛奶 some water 一些水

much food 大量的食物 a little time 一点时间

1.some 与 any 词语辨析

some与any都表示“一些”,但它们的用法不同。some用在肯定句中。而any用在否定句与一般疑问句中。同学们要特别注意的是:some还可以用在客气请求的一般疑问句中。

例子:I have some beautiful stamps.(肯定句)

I don’t have any beautiful stamps.(否定句)

Do you have any beautiful stamps?(一般疑问句)

A: Can I have any some bananas?

B: Sure.(客气请求的一般疑问句)

2.many ,a lot of ,much 词语辨析

many ,a lot of ,much ,这三个词都是表示“许多”。many是用来修饰可数名词, much用来修饰不可数名词,a lot of则用来修饰可数与不可数名词。

例子:Peter has many friend .(可数名词的前面)

A piece of cake

Peter has much food for his birthday party. (不可数名词的前面)

Peter has a lot of friend. (可数名词的前面)

Peter has a lot of food for his birthday party. (不可数名词的前面)

巩固本次学习的语法知识,找出自己最佳记忆英语词汇的方法。

A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑,长一智。评

学习管理师家长或学生阅读签字

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高三英语学科二轮语法专题复习教师辅导教案-现在分词和过去分词

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Daily expressions 1. Allow me.让我来。 2. Be quiet! 安静点! 3. Cheer up! 振作起来! 4. Good job! 做得好! 5. Have fun! 玩得开心! 6. How much? 多少钱? 7. I'm full.我饱了。 8. I'm home.我回来了。 9. I'm lost.我迷路了。 10. My treat.我请客。 11. So do I.我也一样。 12. This way。这边请。 13. After you.您先。 14. Bless you! 祝福你! 15. Follow me.跟我来。 批注:上面是一些常用日常生活交际英语,帮助学生拓展口语知识。右边是《生活大爆炸》剧照,《生活大爆炸》是由查克·洛尔和比尔·普拉迪创作的一出美国情景喜剧,在2007年9月24日由哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)推出。此剧由华纳兄弟电视公司和查克·洛尔制片公司共同制作,讲述的是一个美女和四个科学家的故事,2011年续拍第五季。2009年8月,该剧赢得了电视评论协会(TCA)最佳喜剧系列奖,吉姆·帕森斯亦赢得了喜剧类的个人奖项。 Step2:一、分词 1、定义:分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种,是一种非谓语动词形式。分词既有动词的特征,又有形容词和副 词的特征。

2、基本形式:现在分词由动词原型加ing 构成,为了区别动名词doing ,我们用v-ing 表示; 过去分词我们用done 表示,或者用v-ed 形式表示。 二、分词的句法功能 1、两个基本特点: 1)在时间上现在分词表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示动作已经完成。 a developing country 一个发展中国家 (a developed country 一个发达国家) boiling water 沸腾的水 ( boiled water 白开水) rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳 (risen sun 升起的太阳) 2)在语态上现在分词表示主动;过去分词表示被动。 the ruling class 统治阶级 the ruled class 被统治阶级 the exploiting class 剥削阶级 the exploited class 被剥削阶级 2、句法功能: 分词句法功能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 v-ing/v-ed ★ ★ ★ ★ 1)作表语:现在分词作表语表示主语的性质或特征;过去分词作表语表示主语的状态。 The basketball match was exciting. We are excited at the good news. The book is interesting. I’m interested in it. 考点:区别由现在分词和过去分词转化而来的形容词,常见的这类词有: 对比 对比 对比 exciting/excited; moving/moved; frightening/frightened; tiring/tired; surprising/surprised; astonishing/astonished; satisfying/satisfied; disappointing/disappointed; interesting/interested pleasing/pleased; inspiring/inspired

动名词的语法特征及用法

动名词的语法特征及用法 动名词由动词加-ing词尾构成,既有名词的特征,又有动词的特征。了解动名词的语法特征可帮助学习者深入理解动名词的意义,从而正确使用动名词。 一、动名词的名词特征 动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用,作主语、宾语、表语、定语。例如: Beating a child will do more harm than good.打孩子弊大于利。(作主语) Do you mind answering my question?你不介意回答我的问题吧?(作宾语) To keep money that you have found is stealing.把拾到的钱留起来是偷盗行为。(作表语) No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不许大声说话。(作定语) 在动名词担任这些句子成分时,学习者需注意的是: 1、有些动词后只能用动名词作宾语,构成固定搭配,需特别记忆。常见的这类动词有:admit(承认),advise(建议),allow(允许), appreciate(感激),avoid(避免),can't help(禁不住),consider(考虑),deny(否认),dislike(不喜欢),enjoy(喜欢),escape(逃脱),excuse(原谅),feel like(想要),finish(结束),give up(放弃),imagine(想象),involve(包含),keep(保持),mind(介意),miss(错过),permit(允许),practise(练习),quit(停止),recollect (记得),recommend(推荐),suggest(建议),stop(停止),resent(对……感到愤恨、怨恨),risk(冒……危险),cannot stand(受不了)等。例如: We do not permit smoking in the office.我们不允许在办公室吸烟。 In fighting the fire,he risked being burnt to death.在救火中,他冒着被烧死的危险。 She denied having stolen anything.她否认偷过任何东西。 I suggest doing it in a different way.我建议换一个方法做这件事。 2、动名词常用于一些固定句型中,常见的有:It is no use /no good...;It is a waste oftime...;It is fun /nice /good...;There isno...(不可以/不可能……)等。例如: It is no use asking him.He doesn't know any more than you do. 问他也没用,他并不比你知道得更多。 It's no fun being lost in rain.在雨中迷路可不是好玩的。 It's a waste of time your reasoning with him.你和他讲道理是在浪费时间。

过去分词的句法功能

过去分词的句法功能 过去分词是一种非谓语动词,在句中不能单独做谓语。但它具有形容词和副词的特性,故在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 (一)定语 作定语用的过去分词如果是单个的词,就放在被修饰的词的前面;若为分词短语则放在所修饰的词的后面。如: The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。 Some of the people invited (=who have been invi ted) to the party can’t come. 有些被邀请参加晚会的人不能来。 注意:(1)做定语用的过去分词通常指已完成的动作,若要表示现在进行的动作则要用过去分词的进行形式。 We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. =We must keep a secret of the things which are being discussed here. 我们必须对这里讨论的问题保密。 (2)如指未来的情况,都用不定式的被动形式。 He prepared some poems to be recited at the English evening. 他准备了几首将在英语晚会上朗诵的诗。 例1.The computer centre, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.

A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened 答案与简析:选D。过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于非限制性定语从句which was opened. 过去分词作后置定语课文中的例句: And this landscape is also wonderfully compact, so you can stride over grassy slopes with spectacular views of idyllic lakes far below, set against imposing peaks. (二)表语 Be prepared! 做好准备! Everybody got excited about the boat trip. 大家对坐船游览倍感兴奋。 (三)宾(主)语补足语 What made you so frightened? 什么使你这样惊恐? He was found injured at the foot of a cliff. 他被发现在山岩脚下受了伤。 例2.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year. A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 答案与简析:选C。过去分词短语在定语从句中作宾补。

动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较初中语法

动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较-初中语法

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初中英语动词不定式和动名词用法比较?一、作主语 ⒈不定式作主语?动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:?(1)把不定式置于句首。如: ?Toget therebybike will take us half anhour.?(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如:?①It+be+名词+to do?It's ourduty totake goodcare of the old. ②Ittakes sb+some time+to do How long did ittakeyou tofinish the work? ③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do ?It is difficult forusto finish writingthe compositionin a quarter ofan hour. ?④It+be+形容词+ofsb+to do It is stupid of youto writedown everythingtheteachersays.?⑤Itseems(a ppears)+形容词+todo It seemed impossible to savemoney. 在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupi d,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do 句式,如:It'skindof you to help mewith my English.=You are kind to helpme withmy English. ?⒉动名词作主语?Learning without practice is no good. 动名词作主语时,也常用It句式。如: ①It's +no good(no use,fun,a pleasure,a waste of time)+doing… ?It'sno good reading in dim light. It's no usesitting here waiting. ②It's+形容词+doing ?It'sdangerous swimminginthe sea inwindy days. ?这样用的形容词有expensive,nice,tiring等,但important,necessary则不适用于这种结构,应用不定式代替,如:It'simportant for youto keep fit. ③There is no+doing ?There is no saying what will happennext. 在这一结构中,动名词后常带宾语,相当于"It's impossible to…"结构。 ⒊动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别 ①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作,常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作,经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。如: ?It's no good eating too much fat.?It'sno good for youto eatso much fat. ?②动名词结构作主语,可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语。如:?It's nouse yourpretendingthat you didn't knowthe rules. ?二、作宾语 ⒈不定式作宾语?①以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语。如:agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,?manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等,这些词大部分可接that引导的从句。如: ?I decidedto ask formy money back. I decided that Iwouldask for my money back. When our visit to thefarm was over,weexpectedto startback on foot. When our visit to the farmwasover, weexpected thatwewould start back on foot. ?②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。如: Wethink it quiteimportantfor us to learn a foreignlanguagewell. Hefeels ithisdutytohelp the poor. ?③介词but,except,besides+to do(do)?在这种句型中,如介词前有动词do,后面应接不带to的不定式;如无do,则接to不定式,即带do不带to,带to不带do。如:?Theenemysoldiers had no choice but to give in. On Sunday afternoonIhadnothing to dobut watchTV. ⒉动名词作宾语?①以下动词后,只能接动名词作宾语,如:admit,appreciate,consider,delay,en joy,finish,keep, imagine,mind,miss,practise,,risk,save,suggest,mind,give up,insist,on, put off等。如:?Isuggest spending our summer vacationin a seasidetown. You mustgive up smoking, forit doestoo much harm toyour health. ?②动名词作介词的宾语

动名词的句法功能

动名词的句法功能 动名词是非谓语动词的一种,它由动词原形加-ing构成,形式上与现在分词相同。动名词除具有动词性质外,还具有名词的性质。动名词在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等,但不能用作谓语(故称动名词为非谓语动词)。 一、用作主语 Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。 Being lost can be a terrifying experience. 迷路有时很可怕。 二、用作表语 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 【注】不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语,两者的区别是:动名词多指笼统的、抽象的概念,而不定式则多表示具体的、一次性的动作。 三、用作宾语 admit, advise, allow, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fini sh, fancy, forbid, imagine, mind, miss, keep, pardon, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, resist, risk, suggest, stop及下列短语动词的宾语:carry on, can’t he lp, feel like, give up, keep on, put off, set about, object to, insist on, prevent from, pay attention to, stick to, refer to, get down to, look forwards to, dev ote…to, be / get used to, lead to后接动名词做宾语。 Excuse me for coming late. 对不起我来晚了。Most students enjoy asking questions in English. 多数学生都喜欢用英语提问。 【注】动词用作介词宾语时,通常只用动名词形式,而不用不定式形式,典型的例外是表示“除外”的except和but(它们后接动词作宾语时通常用不定式)。 四、用作宾语补足语 动词find, get, have, keep, leave, send,可接动名词作宾语的补足语。 I found the missing boy playing by the river. 我发现那个失踪的男孩在河边玩。 五、用作定语 a. 单个的动词—ing 形式作定语时,它总是位于被修饰的名词之前,说明被修饰名词的目的、用途或特征。如: China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。 b. -ing分词接名词、代词或副词构成的短语作定语时,总是位于所修饰的名词之后,说明名词所处的状态或进行的动作。如: The boy studying in the classroom is Li Lei. 在教室里学习的那男孩是李蕾。Don’t trouble the dog sleeping over there. 不要惹事生非。

现在分词的主要句法功能归纳

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-- 教学过程 一、课堂导入 本堂知识是高考中比较重要的考点,也是各地常考的考点,掌握好这张语法,不仅对做单选题有帮助,对于更好地理解完型、阅读和写作文都有帮助。 --

-- 二、复习预习 复习上一单元的知识点之后,以达到复习的效果。然后给学生一些相关的单选或其他类型题目,再老师没有讲解的情况下,让学生独立思考,给出答案与解释,促进学生发现问题,同时老师也能发现学生的盲点,并能有针对性地进行后面的讲课。 --

-- 三、知识讲解 知识点1:分词用作表语 (1) 有的用作表语的分词具有形容词性质,有的甚至已转化为形容词。 --

-- (2)现在分词和动名词作表语的区别:现在分词作表语主要表示主语的性质和特征,而动名词作表语则主要是对主语内容的进一步说明和解释: Myjobis interesting. 我的工作很有趣。 My job isteachingmaths. 我的工作是教数学。 另外,动名词作表语时它可与主语交换位置,而现在分词作表语则不可与主语交换位置: 误:Interestingismy job. 正:Teachingmaths is myjob. 还有,作表语的现在分词不能带宾语,而作表语用的动名词可以带宾语(如上例)。 知识点2:分词用作定语 --

-- 单个的分词作定语可以置于被修饰词语之前,但若是分词短语作定语则应置于被修饰名词之后:There is a gentlemanasking tosee you. 有一位先生要求见你。 She boughta computer produced inChina. 她买了一台中国生产的电脑。 --

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(过去分词)

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(动名词) 敬告: 以下内容,不参加高考等有语法题(语法单选、语法填空、短文改错等)考试的应用类学员无须深究,知道该语法结构的存在,及其充当的句子成分和功能即可,应多花时间练习听说读写,否则就背离了语言学习真正目的。应试类学员有时间可以比较分析,基本搞懂。 过去分词长什么样?规则的情况下与动词过去式相同,当然有不规则的情况;过去分词可以充当定语、状语、补语、定语,不可能充当主语、宾语; 过去分词不像现在分词有多种体现时态和语态的形式,只有一种形式done表示。 1、过去分词可以充当主谓宾补句型中的宾语补语;它与宾语是被动关系,或者说它与宾语是动宾关系。 (1) We found the fish eaten by our cat. (2) I can’t make myself understood because of my poor English. 2、过去分词可以充当定语;充当定语当然是修饰主语、宾语等名性的结构;表达过去分词的动作是被动的或完成,或即被动又完成的。 (1) The party had last night (which was had last night) was very cheerful. (2) USA is a developed country (a country which has been developed). (3) A great number of students questioned (who had been questioned) said they were forced to practice the piano. 3、过分词可以充当状语,它与主句主语是被动关系,或者说它与主句的主语是动宾关系; 过去分词一般只强调被动动作而不强调时间,多用于条件和原因状语;(1) Taken in time, the medicine will turn out to be very effective. If the medicine is taken in time, it will turn out to be very effective. (2) Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.

名词的语法功能

二、名词的语法功能 名同可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾(主)语补足语、状语、同位语等成分。 I.名词作主语、宾语 The book is very interesting. The boy broke his leg last week He lost the game. 2.名词作表请、宾(主)语补足语 She is a liar. We cansider him a good teacher. He was appointed ambnasador to Great Britain. 3.名词作定语 名词作定语时涌常要使用单数形式,如:evening paper, night club, Jam分tree, heart trouble, srierwe fiction, fire wall等,但有时也要用复数形式,如:.eporls car, careers guidance, savings bank等。 The winter vacation is coming. The world is faced with population explosion and enerV crisis. In American. people pay sales tax an many items they buy. 4.名词作状语 He stayere (for) five days. The mceg lastedors. 5.名饲作同位语 I, yourfather, should advise you about your marriage. He a famous writer, is easy to get along with. [ like He mingwu works, especially The Old Man and the Sea. The daily neccssitics-that is clothes, food, water, etc.-were supplied. 三、名词的数 1.可效名词的效 (I)规则变化的可数名词复数形式 I)大多数可数名词的复数是在单数名词后加‘。 desk—dcsks day—days fricnd-.fricnds https://www.360docs.net/doc/738021982.html,puter 2) El字母x, s, eh.ah结尾的可数名词,在词尾坏es. bus-buses box-boxes watch--.watches brush-.brushes J)以辅音字母加y结尾的可数名同.改y为i.再加。。 party-.parties https://www.360docs.net/doc/738021982.html,dies 6)字母、数字和缩略词的友数形式 a-ta'sa s--",Os 4-.four4's/4s 4个4 1990-"19905/1990s P--.P.P/pagesVIP-.VIPsIV;P's (2)不规则变化的可数名词复数形式 1)有些单数名闭翅过改变内部元音变为复数形式。 foot-.feet mouse--.mice wOman--women goose-.geese Iouse-lice

初中英语语法知识—名词的单元汇编及答案(1)

一、选择题 1.--What kind of noodles you like? --I’d like noodles. A.do;tomatoes B.would;tomato C.do;tomato D.would;tomatoes 2.________wild animals are disappearing because of the ________of their living areas. A.The number of; lost B.The number of; losing C.A number of; lose D.A number of; loss 3.-Can I help you? -Yes. I'd like__________ rice. A.a small bar of B.a slice of C.a large bag of D.a piece of 4.Is it a picture_________ your school? A.of B.to C.and D.with 5.—Do _________ like going to ___________? —I don’t know. A.woman teachers, clothes shops B.women teachers, clothes shops C.woman teachers, sport shops D.women teachers, vegetables shops 6.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoes C.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes 7.Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake. A.Germen; Japanese B.Frenchmen; Japaneses C.Germans; Japanese 8.—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join? —He can join the ______ club. A.sport B.music C.sports D.swimming 9.Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A.is; the bike B.are; bikes C.are; the bike D.is; bikes 10.Thanks for the two _______________you gave(给)to me. A.tape player B.tapes players C.tape players D.taper players 11.—Could you please give me ____? —Certainly. A.some advices B.any advices C.some advice D.advices 12.—Do you think it is _______good advice? —Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion. A.a; an B./; a C.a; a D./; an 13.I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go.

高中英语:分词分为现在分词和过去分词知识点分析 人教版

分词分为现在分词和过去分词: 现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。 1、现在分词的形式:否定式:not + 现在分词 (1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。 Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球。 (2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。 The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。2.现在分词的句法功能: (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后,相当于定语从句。In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 ①现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to

动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较7

动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较: (附图 {图}) 一、作主语 ⒈不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种: (1)把不定式置于句首。如: To get there by bike will take us half an hour. (2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如: ①It+be+名词+to do It‘s our duty to tak e good care of the old. ②It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work? ③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour. ④It+be+形容词+of sb+to do It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays. ⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to do It seemed impossible to save money. 在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如: difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等;在句型④中,常 用 careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid

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