2019届高三上学期开学考试英语试题(附答案)

长春市实验中学

2018-2019学年上学期学期初考试

高三英语试卷

第一部分听力（1—20小题）在笔试结束后进行。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

You probably know who Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is, but you may not have heard of Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell if you are not interested in foreign literature. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who is your favorite?

Jane Austen (16 December, 1775-18 July, 1817)

Jane Austen, a famous English writer, was born at Steventon, Hampshire. She began writing early in life, although the prejudices (偏见) of her times forced her to have her books published anonymously (匿名).

She wrote many books of romantic fiction about the gentry (贵族). Her works made her one of the great masters of the English novel. Only four of her novels were printed while she was alive. They were Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814) and (1816). Charlotte Bronte (21 April, 1816-31 March, 1855)

She first published her works, including Jane Eyre, under the false name of Currer Bell. Her first novel, The Professor, was rejected by many publishers. It was not printed until 1857. She is famous for her novel Jane Eyre (1847), which was very popular when it was printed. Jane Eyre was a strong story of a plain, brave, clever woman struggling with her passions, reasons, and social condition.

Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell (8 November, 1900-16 August, 1949)

She was an American author and journalist, a lifelong resident and native of Atlanta, Georgia. One novel by Mitchell was published during her lifetime, the American Civil-War-Era novel, Gone with the wind, for which she won the National Book Award for Most Distinguished Novel of 1936

and the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1937. In more recent years, a collecti on of Mitchell’s girlhood writings and a novel she wrote as a teenager, Lost Laysen, have been published. A collection of articles written by Mitchell for The Atlanta Journal was republished in book form.

21. Why did Jane Austen publish her books with a false name?

A. She lacked confidence.

B. She was not well educated.

C. Women were discriminated.

D. Women were well protected.

22. Which novel was set in the background of war?

A. Sense and Sensibility.

B. Gone with the Wind.

C. Lost Laysen.

D. The Professor.

23. Who won the most prizes for her works?

A. Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell.

B. Charlotte Bronte.

C. Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton.

D. Jane Austen.

24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

A. They were all fond of poetry.

B. They all died in their forties.

C. Their works were once rejected.

D. They are famous for their great works.

B

A year after graduation, I was offered a position teaching a writing class. Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. I accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis. My father went by the same name, and I liked to imagine people getting the two of us confused. “Wait a minute,” someone might say, “are you talking about Mr. Davis the retired man, or Mr. Davis the respectable scholar?”

The position was offered at the last minute, and I was given two weeks to prepare, a period I spent searching for briefcase and standing before my full-length mirror, repeating the words, “Hello, class. I’m Mr. Davis.” Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice. Sometimes I would sound experienced. But when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.

I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. I had cut them

myself out of orange construction paper. I saw nine students along a long table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required.

“All right then,’’ I said. “Okay, here we go.” Then I opened my briefcase and realized that I had never thought beyond this moment. I had been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. I had imagined that I would sit at the edge of the desk, overlooking a forest of hands. Every student would shout. “Calm down, you’ll all get your turn. One at a time, one at a time!”

A terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, I asked the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the theme of deep disappointment.

25. The author took the job to teach writing because .

A. he wanted to be respected

B. he had written some stories

C. he wanted to please his father

D. he had dreamed of being a teacher

26. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2?

A. He would be aggressive in his first class.

B. He was well-prepared for his first class.

C. He waited long for the arrival of his first class.

D. He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class.

27. Before he started his class, the author asked the students to .

A. cut some cards out of the construction paper

B. write down their names on the paper cards

C. cut maple leaves out of the construction paper

D. write down their suggestions on the paper cards

28. What did the students do when the author started his class?

A. They began to talk.

B. They raised their hands.

C. They kept silent.

D. They shouted to be heard.

C

You know the feeling-you have left your phone at home and feel anxious, as if you have lost your connection to the world. “Nomophobia” (无手机恐惧症) affects teenagers and adults alike. You can even do an online test to see if you have it. Last week, researchers from Hong Kong warned that nomophobia is infecting everyone. Their study found that people who use their phones to

store, share and access personal memories suffer most. When users were asked to describe how they felt about their phones, words such as “hurt” (neck pain was often reported) and “alone” predicted higher levels of nomophobia.

“The findings of our study suggest that users regard smartphones as their extended selves and get attached to the devices,” said Dr. Kim Ki Joon. “People experience feelings of anxiety and unpleasantness when separated from their phones.” Meanwhile, an American study shows that smartphone separation can lead to an increase in heart rate and blood pressure.

So can being without your phone really give you separation anxiety? Professor Mark Griffiths, psychologist and director of the International Gaming Research Unit at Nottingham Trent University, says it is what is on the phone that counts-the social networking that creates Fomo (fear of missing out).

“We are talking about an internet-connected device that allows people to deal with lots of aspects of their lives,” says Griffiths. “You would have to surgically remove a phone from a teenager because their whole life is rooted in this device.”

Griffiths thinks attachment theory, where we develop emotional dependency on the phone because it holds details o f our lives, is a small part of nomophobia. For “screenagers”, it is Fomo that creates the most separation anxiety. If they can’t see what’s happening on Snapchat or Instagram, they become panic-stricken about not knowing what’s going on socially. “But the y adapt very quickly if you take them on holiday and there’s no internet,” says Griffiths.

29. Which of the following may Dr. Kim Ki Joon agree with?

A. We waste too much time on phones.

B. Phones have become part of some users.

C. Addiction to phones makes memories suffer.

D. Phones and blood pressure are closely linked.

30. According to Giffiths, we get nomophobia because .

A. we are accustomed to having a phone on us

B. we need our phones to help us store information

C. we worry we may miss out what our friends are doing

D. we fear without phones we will run into a lot of trouble

31. Where can you probably find the above passage?

A. In a research report.

B. In a fashion brochure.

C. In a science textbook.

D. In a popular science magazine.

D

US scientists say they have poured cold water on the theory that washing hands with hot water kills more germs (细菌) than unheated water. The small study of 20 people found using water at 15C (59F) left hands as clean as water heated to 38C (100F).

National Health Service (NHS) recommends that people wash their hands in either cold or warm water. In this study, scientists at Rutgers University-New Brunswick wanted to find out if popular assumptions about the benefits of warm or hot water and official guidance on hot water —given to the food industry in the US - held true. They asked 20 people to wash their hands 20 times each with water that was 15C (59F), 26C (79F) or 38 degrees (100F). V olunteers were also asked to experiment with varying amounts of soap. Before they started the tests, their hands were covered in harmless bugs. Researchers say there was no difference in the amount of bugs removed as the temperature of the water or the amount of soap changed.

Prof Donald Schaffner said: “People need to feel comfortable when they are washing their hands but as far as effectiveness goes, this study shows us that the temperature of the water used did not matter.”

However, the researchers accept their study is small and say more extensive work is needed to determine the best ways to remove harmful bacteria.

In the UK, NHS experts say people can use cold or hot water to wash their hands. They say hands should be washed for at least 20 seconds and stress the importance of using enough soap to cover the whole surface of the hands. Their guidance focuses on rubbing hands together in various .ways to make sure each surface of each hand is clean.

32. What does the underlined phrase “poured cold water” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. Proved.

B. Created.

C. Contradicted.

D. Accepted.

33. After they washed their hands with either hot or cold water, .

A. volunteers nearly had the same amount of germ removed

B. volunteers all talked about American food industry

C. volunteers still had much germ on their hands

D. volunteers all didn’t feel very comfortable

34. How do researchers feel about their study?

A. It is popular.

B. It is incomplete.

C. It is convincing.

D. It is abstract.

35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. Using Cold Water Instead of Hot Water

B. How to Use Cold Water to Wash Hands

C. It Is Better to Wash Hands in Cold Water

D. Washing Hands in Cold Water as Good as in Hot Water

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

As a senior year student, you may have so many pressures coming from so many directions that you can’t figure out what to do first.

36

When you have many things to do and a lot of demands on your time, you can lose sight of what’s important. One of the best ways to see the big picture - what you want out of life - is to lay out your goals.

Pressure Points and How to Deal With Them

Confused or overwhelmed - talk to someone you trust. 37 . They may help you find solutions to your problems and worries.

Being too hard on yourself - ease up, take a break and do something you enjoy. Daydream, read a book, go out with friends — anything that helps you relax.

Problems, problems, problems —recognize your limits. It’s too stressful to try to deal with al l your problems at once. 38 .

Goal-Setting Tips

It’s important to remember that goals belong to you — not to your parents, your teachers, or your friends. After you’ve set your goals, identify the skills you have to achieve those goals.39 .