人教版高中英语选修九词汇表

人教版高中英语选修九词汇表（1-5单元）（含教材例句及词汇用法讲解）

本词汇表主要特色：

1.呈现教材原文例句，重视词汇在语境中的运用。

2.词汇用法讲解紧扣新课标和新考纲，深度和广度适中，条理清晰，系统完整。

3.精选高考真题例句、词典例句和时文例句，例句具有典型性和示范性。

4.展示高考真题，揭示高考命题角度和思路。

5.适合高一学生同步使用以及高三学生总复习使用。

Book9 Unit1

1. hurdling /?h?:dl??/ n. 跨栏运动

2. boxing /?b?ks??/ n. 拳击

3. somersaulting /'s?m?s?:lti?/ n. 翻筋斗

And what about somersaulting along a road for 12 miles? (P2)

然而沿着12英里的马路翻筋斗，情况又是怎样呢？

4. lunge /l?nd?/

◎n. 刺；跃近；前冲

Lunges are extremely hard on your legs. （P2）

弓箭步冲刺对你的双腿是一个极端艰苦的考验。

◎v. 刺；跃近；前冲

He lunged at me, grabbing me violently. 他向我扑过来，使劲把我抓住。

5. approximate /?'pr?ks?m?t/ adj. 近似的；大概的

approximately /??pr?ks?m?tli/ adv. 近似地；大约地

Over the last 25 years, he has broken approximately 93 Guinness records. (P2)

在过去的25年里，他打破了大约93项吉尼斯世界纪录。

6. conventional /k?n'ven??nl/ adj. 习俗的；传统的

But these records are not made in any conventional sport like swimming or soccer. (P2)

但是这些记录并不是像游泳或足球等一般运动项目那样创建的。

【拓展】

convention /k?n?ven?n/ n. 惯例，习俗，规矩

7. laughter /?lɑ:ft?/ n. 笑；笑声

While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination. (P2)

虽然这些活动看上去孩子气且令人发笑而不是肃然起敬，但实际上，完成这些活动需要强大的力量，健康的体格和坚定的决心。

【拓展】

laugh /lɑ:f/n. &v. 笑；发笑

8. reality /r?'?l?t?/ n. 真实；事实

in reality 实际上；现实

We thought he was serious but in reality he was joking.

我们以为他是认真的,但实际上他是在开玩笑。

Everyone likes the stranger, but in reality he is a criminal.

每个人都喜欢这位陌生人, 其实他却是个罪犯。

9. adjustment /??d??stm?nt/ n. 调节；调整

Think about the fine neck adjustments needed to keep a full bottle of milk on your head while you are walking. (P2)想想吧，你一边走路一边还要把满满一瓶牛奶定在头上，你的脖子需要有多

好的适应力。

【拓展】

(1)adjust /??d??st/ vt.调整，调节；适应

(2) adjustable /??d??st?bl/ adj.可调整的；可调节的

10. tough /t?f/ adj. 强硬的；困难的

Somersaulting is a tough event as you have to overcome dizziness, extreme tiredness and pain. (P2)翻筋斗是一项艰苦的运动，因为你必须克服头晕、极度疲劳和痛苦。

11. exreme /?k'stri:m/ adj. 极端的；偏激的

Extreme cold can wake a hibernating animal.极度的寒冷能使正在冬眠的动物苏醒。

【拓展】

extremely /?k'stri:ml?/ adv. 极端地；极度地

12. vomit /'v?m?t/

◎v. 呕吐

You are permitted to rest for only five minutes in every hour of rolling but you are allowed to stop briefly to vomit. (P2)每翻滚一个小时，只允许你有五分钟的休息，不过也可以短暂地停下来呕吐。

◎n. 呕吐；呕吐物

The smell of vomit made me sick. 呕吐物的臭气让我恶心。

13. gymastics /d??m?n?st?ks/ n. 体操；体能训练

gymnastically /d??m'n?st?k?li/ adv. 体能训练方面

Covering a mile in the fastest time while doing gymnastically correct lunges is yet another event in which Ashrita is outstanding. (P2)做标准的体操弓箭步动作向前，以最快的节奏走完一英里的路程是阿什里塔又一个出色的项目。

14. unfit /?n'f?t/ adj. 不适宜的；不太健康的（反义词fit）

As a child he was very unfit and was not at all interested in sports. (P2)

小时候他很不健康，而且对运动毫无兴趣。

The housing was unfit for human habitation .这种住房不适合居住。

Most of the buildings are unfit to live in.这些楼房多数不适合居住。

15. fascinate /'f?s?ne?t/ vt. 使着迷；入迷

However, he was fascinated by the Guinness Book of World Records. (P2)

但他却对《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》非常着迷。

【拓展】

(1) fascinated /?f?s?ne?t?d/ adj. 着迷的; 被深深吸引的

(2) fascinating /?f?s?ne?t??/ adj. 迷人的;有极大吸引力的

(3) fascination /?f?s??ne??n/ n. 魅力; 迷恋;

16. meditation /?med?'te??n/ n. 沉思；冥想

He studied Eastern religions and, aged 16, discovered an Indian meditation teacher called Sri Chinmoy who lived in his neighbourhood in New York City. (P2)他研究过东方宗教，在16岁时，他发现了一位名叫斯里琴摩的印度静坐功导师，住在纽约市他家附近。

17. spiritual /?sp?r?t?u?l/ adj. 精神上的

Sri Chinmoy says that it is just as important for people to develop their bodies as it is to develop their minds, hearts and spiritual selves. (P2)斯里琴摩指出人们发展他们的体魄与发展他们的头脑、心灵和精神上的自我具有同等的重要性。

【拓展】

spirit /?sp?r?t/ n. 精神，心灵; 情绪

18. marathon /'m?r?θ?n/ n. 马拉松赛跑

When Ashrita came third in a 24-hour bicycle marathon in New York's Central Park in 1978, he knew that he would one day get into the Guinness Book of World Records. (P2)

但阿什里塔于1978年在纽约市中央公园进行24小时自行车马拉松比赛中获得第三名的时候，他就知道总有一天他会进入《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》。

19. urge /?:d?/ vt. 催促；力劝

He had been urged by his spiritual leader to enter the marathon even though he had done no training. （P3）尽管从没有训练过，他还是收到他的精神领袖的敦促参加了马拉松比赛。【拓展】

(1) urgently /'?:d??ntl?/ adv. 紧急地，急迫地

(2) urgent /??:d??nt/ adj. 急迫的; 催促的

(3) urgency /'?:d??ns?/ n. 紧迫; 急迫; 急事

20. accomplish /?'k?mpl??/ vt. 完成；实现

So, when he won third place, he came to the understanding that his body was just an instrument of the spirit and that he seemed to be able to use his spirit to accomplish anything. （P3）

因此，当他取得第三名的时候，他就开始有了这样的认识：他的身躯只不过是他的精神的工具，而且他似乎能够用他的精神力量去完成任何事。

【拓展】

accomplishment /??k?mpl??m?nt/ n. 成就; 完成

21. motivation /?m??t?'ve??n/ n. 动机

The motivation to keep trying to break records comes through his devotion to Sri Chinmoy. （P3）不断努力打破纪录的动机来自于他对斯里琴摩思想的虔诚。

22. devotion /d?'v???n/ n. 热爱；投入

His devotion to family is touching.他对家人的关爱感人至深。

【拓展】

devote /d??v??t/ vt. 把…奉献给；致力于

devoted /d??v??t?d/ adj. 忠诚的; 挚爱的;

23. soul /s??l/ n. 灵魂；心灵；精神

At that moment, he goes deep within himself and connects with his soul and his teacher. （P3）

这个时候他就会进入自己内心深处，与他的灵魂和他的老师相沟通。

24. sacred /?se?kr?d/ adj. 宗教的；庄严的；神圣的

There is something sacred about breathing clean air, listening to the sounds of birds and observing the plants and animals around me. (P5)呼吸新鲜空气、聆听鸟儿的鸣叫、观察我周围的动植物是神圣的。

25. deed /di:d/ n. 行为；功绩

Deeds are better than words.行动胜于言语。

26. conception /k?n'sep?n/ n. 主意；计划

Some conceptions of a gentleman are these. (P5)关于绅士的概念是这样的。

27. tact /t?kt/ n. 机敏；乖巧；老练；技巧

He has tact—he knows how to say and to do the right thing at the right time. (P5)

他机敏—他知道该如何说话，如何在合适的时间做合适的事情。

28. regret /r?'ɡret/ vt. & vi. 后悔；感到抱歉

I deeply regret what I said.我非常后悔说了那些话。

29. repentance /r?'pent?ns/ n. 后悔

He shows no repentance for what he has done. 他对他的所作所为一点也不懊悔.

30. wisdom /'w?zd?m/ n. 智慧

We are inspired by his wisdom and virtue to nobler deeds. (P5)我们受到他的智慧和高贵行为品德的鼓舞。

31. virtue /'v?:t?u:/ n. 美德

Patience is one of her virtues.耐心是她的美德之一。

32. noble /'n??bl/

◎adj. 高尚的；贵族的

noble ideals崇高的理想

a man of noble birth出身高贵的人

◎n. 贵族

He was born a noble.他出身高贵。

33. doom /du:m/

◎vt. 注定；判决

The plan was doomed to failure .这个计划注定要失败。

◎n. 厄运；毁灭

She offered him the chance to beat his doom. 当时她向他提供战胜厄运的机会。

34. bid /b?d/

◎vt. & vi. 出价；投标(bidding, bid, bid)

I bid ￡2 000 for the painting.我出2 000英镑买这幅画。

A French firm will be bidding for the contract.

一家法国公司将投标争取这项合同。

◎n. 出价；投标

At the auction , the highest bid for the picture was ￡200.

拍卖会上，这幅画的最高出价为200英镑。

The company submitted a bid for the contract to clean the hospital.

该公司投标承包这所医院的清洁工作。

35. juggle /'d??ɡl/ vt. & vi. 耍把戏；玩杂耍

My uncle taught me to juggle.我叔叔教我玩杂耍。

36. amateur /'?m?t?/ n. 业余爱好者

He was an amateur cyclist before the 1992 Olympic Games but turned professional after he had competed in the Games.(P7)在1992年奥运会之前他还只是一名业余车手，但是在参加奥运会比赛之后，他就成为一名专业车手了。

37. champion /'t??mp??n/ n. 冠军；优胜者

In 1992 and 1993, she was the International Triathlon Union World Champion. (P8)

在1992年和1993年她取得了国际铁人三项联盟的冠军。

38. therefore /?ee?f?:/ adv. 因此；所以

Recently, for the first time in 15 years, Jones was not selected as part of the national team and therefore did not compete in the 2004 Olympics in Athens. (P8)最近，琼斯没有入选国家队，这是她15年来首次为被入选，因而她没能参加2004年的雅典奥运会。

39. springboard /?spr??b?:d/ n. 跳板

This was followed by great success at the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games where she won gold for both the 10-metre platform and the three-metre springboard. (P8)随后的巨大成功是在1996年亚

特兰大奥运会上，她又夺得10米跳台和3米跳板的金牌。

40. economics /?i:k??n?m?ks/ n. 经济学

She retired from diving after Atlanta and went to study economics at university. (P8)

在亚特兰大之后，伏明霞退役，到大学里学习经济。

【拓展】

(1) economic /?i:k??n?m?k/ adj. 经济的; 经济学的; 有经济效益的

(2) economical /?i:k??n?m?kl/ adj. 节约的; 经济的; 合算的

(3) economist /??k?n?m?st/ n. 经济学家; 经济专家

(4) economy /??k?n?mi/ n. 节约; 经济; 理财

41. entire /?n'ta??/ adj. 全部的；完整的

In 2000, he was the first person ever to swim the entire length of the Danube River in Europe - a distance of 3,004 kilometres in 58 days. (P8)2000年，他成为游完欧洲多瑙河全程的第一人——58天游完了3004公里。

42. attain /?'te?n/ vt. 达到；获得

For this, he attained his first entry in the Guinness Book of World Records. (P8)

为此，他第一次进入了《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》。

43. profile /'pr??fa?l/ n. (人物或事物之) 简介；侧面

Read the profiles from a sports maganize. (P9)阅读体育杂志上的简介。

44. courageous /k?'re?d??s/ adj. 勇敢的；有胆量的

Who do you think is the most courageous of the four sportspeople? (P9)你认为在四位运动员中，谁是最勇敢的？

【拓展】

courage /?k?r?d?/ n. 勇气; 胆量

45. appreciate /?'pri:??e?t/ vt. 鉴赏；感激

His talents are not fully appreciated in that company.他的才干在那家公司未受到充分赏识。Your support is greatly appreciated.十分感谢你的支持。

appreciation /?'pri:??e?t/ n. 感谢；感激；欣赏

She shows little appreciation of good music.她感受不到美好音乐的妙处。

appreciative /??pri:??t?v/ adj. 感激的; 有欣赏力的; 表示赞赏的

The company was very appreciative of my efforts.公司对我的努力十分赞赏。

46. accountant /??ka?nt?nt/ n. 会计

She has an appointment with her accountant. 她和她的会计约好了见面。

【拓展】

account /??ka?nt/ n. 账，账目; 记述v. 解释; 报账;

47 . receptionist /r??sep??n?st/ n. 招待员；接待员

The receptionist is warm-hearted.接待员很热心。

【拓展】

reception /r??sep?n/ n. 接待; 欢迎; 招待会; 接待处;

48. lawyer /'l?:j?/ n. 律师

He became a lawyer after graduation.他毕业后成为了一名律师。

49. politician /?p?l??t??n/ n. 政客；政治家

He remained the most popular politician in France. 他一直是法国最受人爱戴的政治家。

【拓展】

(1) politics /?p?l?t?ks/ n. 政治; 政治事务; 政治观点

(2) political /p??l?t?kl/ adj. 政治的; 政党的

(3) policy /?p?l?s?/ n. 政策; 策略; 保险单

50. scarf /skɑ:f/ n. 围巾；头巾；领巾

a woollen/silk scarf羊毛/ 丝绸围巾

51. zip /z?p/ n. 拉链

Please help me open the zip.请帮我把拉链拉开。

52. underwear /??nd?w??/ n. 内衣裤

Never dry underwear over direct heat. 不要直接加热烘干内衣。

53. overcoat /??uv?k?ut/ n. 外套大衣；长大衣

Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat. 天气虽然很冷, 他没有穿大衣就出去了。

54. salary /'s?l?r?/ n. （按月发放的）薪水

wage /we?d?/ n. （按周发放的）工资

Book9 Unit 2

1. latitude /'l?t?tju:d/ n. 纬度

We may well wonder how seamen explored the oceans before latitude and longitude made it possible to plot a ship's position on a map. (P12)我们很可能感到奇怪，在经纬度被用来在地图上标出船只位置之前，海员是如何对海洋进行探索的。

2. voyage /'v???d?/ n. 航海；航行

The voyages of travellers before the 17th century show that they were not at the mercy of the sea even though they did not have modern navigational aids. (P12)17世纪以前的航海纪录显示，即使没有现代航海技术的帮助，他们也没有任凭海洋摆布。

3. mercy /'m?:s?/ n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯

at the mercy of 受……支配

They were lost at sea and at the mercy of and weather. 他们在海上遇难,任凭风雨的摆布。4. encyclopedia /?n?sa?kl?'pi:d??/ n. 百科全书

So how did they navigate so well? Read these pages from an encyclopedia. (P12)那么，他们是怎样航行得如此之好的呢？读读百科全书这几页上的记载吧。

5. alongside /??l???sa?d/

◎prep. 靠着；沿着

Using nature to help Keeping alongside the coastline(P12)借助大自然使船只沿海岸线行驶

◎adv. 在旁边；沿着边

Nick caught up with me and rode alongside.尼克赶上了我，并排骑车前进。

6. exploration /?ekspl??re??n/ n. 探险；探测

This seems to have been the first and most useful form of exploration which carried the minimum amount of risk. (P12)这似乎已是最早的、最有用的探险方式，所冒的风险也最小。

【拓展】

(1) explore /?k?spl?:/ v. 勘查；探测；勘探

(2) explorer /?k?spl?:r?/ n. 探险家; 勘探者; 探测器

7. munimum /'m?n?m?m/ adj. 最小的；最低的（反义词maximum）

8. celestial /s??lesti?l/ adj. 天上的

Using celestial bodies (P12利用天体

9. pole /p??l/ n. 地极；柱；杆

At the North Pole the North Star is at its highest position in the sky, but at the equator it is along the horizon. (P12)在北极，北极星是在天上的最高位置；而在赤道上，北极星却在地平线上。

10. equator /?'kwe?t?/ n. 赤道

It’s very hot at the equator.

在赤道上，天气很炎热。

11. horizon /h??ra?zn/ n. 地平线；视野

A ship appeared on the horizon.一艘船出现在地平线上。

12. overhead /??uv?hed/

◎adv. 在头顶上；在空中；在高处

On a clear day especially during the summer the sailors could use the sun overhead at midday to navigate by. (P12)在晴朗的日子里，特别是夏天，船员可以利用正午在头顶上的太阳来导航。◎adj. 在头上的

That city has decided to do away with overhead wires. 那个城市决定取消架在空中的电线. 13. seaweed /?si:wi:d/ n. 海草；海藻

Sailors often saw seaweed in the sea and could tell by the colour and smell how long it had been there. (P12)海员常常看到海里的海藻，并能根据它的颜色和气味判断这种海藻在那儿有多久了。

14. nowhere /'n??we?/ adv. 无处

Sea birds could be used to show the way to land when it was nowhere to be seen. (P12)

在看不见陆地的时候，可以用海鸟来指明通往陆地的去路。

15. offshore /??f???:/ adj. 离岸的；海面上的

So seamen could follow the birds to land even if they were offshore and in the open sea. (P12)

因此，即使在远离海岸的大洋上，海员们也可以跟随这些鸟到达陆地。

16. outward /?a?tw?d/

◎adj. 外面的；向外的

So the Vikings would observe the winds before and during their outward or return journeys. (P12)于是，北欧的海盗们在出海或返航时都要观察风向。

◎adv. 向外；在外

The door opens outward. 这扇门向外开.

17. tide /ta?d/ n. 潮；潮汐；潮流；趋势

Certain tides and currents could be used by skillful sailors to carry ships to their destination. (P12)技术娴熟的海员可以利用大海的某些潮汐或浪潮把船送往他们的目的地。

18. secure /s?'kj??(r)/ adj. 安全的；可靠的

There was no secure method of measuring longitude until the 17th century when the British solved this theoretical problem. (P13)直到17世纪英国人解决了这个理论问题后,人们才有了测量经度的可靠方法。

【拓展】

security /s??kj??r?t?/ n. 安全；保证；担保

19. knot /n?t/

◎v. 打结

An early method of measuring speed involved throwing a knotted rope tied to a log over the side of the ship. (P13)早期测量速度的方法是沿着船边拉一根打结的绳子，把这根绳子系在一根圆木上，然后把它抛入海里。

◎n. 结

Tie the two ropes together with a knot.将这两根绳子打结系在一起。

20. log /l?ɡ/ n. 原木；木材

The rope was tied to a log which was then thrown into the sea. (P13)

把这根绳子系在一根圆木上，然后把它抛入海里。

21. nautical /?n?:t?kl/ adj. 海上的；航海的

nautical mile 海里

The number of knots that were counted during a fixed period of time gave the speed of the ship in nautical miles per hour. (P13)在一定时间内计算出有多少个结, 就可以算出船只每小时航行多少海里的速度。

22. magnetic /m?g?net?k// adj. 磁的；有磁性的

The compass has a special magnetic pointer which always indicates the North Pole. (P13)

指南针有一个特殊的磁针,始终指着北极。因此人们用它来帮助找出船只所要去的方向。23. random /'r?nd?m/ adj. 任意的；随便的

Then he could tell if he was sailing on his correct rather than a random course. (P13)

这样就可以知道自己是在正确的航道上或是在随意行驶。

We received several answers, and we picked one at random. 我们收到了一些答复，并从中随机挑选了一个。

24. awkward /??:kw?d/ adj. 难使用的；笨拙的

However, it was awkward to use as one of the points of reference was the moving ship itself. (P13)但是，它不容易使用，因为其参照点之一就是行驶中的船只本身。

25. reference /'refr?ns/ n. 参考

I like to have my reference books within my reach.

我喜欢把参考书放到伸手可取的地方。

26. precise /pr?'sa?s/ adj. 精确的；准确的

This was a more precise and simplified version of the astrolabe. (P13)

这是一种比较精确而且比较简单的星盘。

27. simplify /'s?mpl?fa?/ vt. 单一化；简单化

28. portable /?p?:t?bl/ adj. 轻便的；手提的；便携的

It was easier to handle because it was more portable. (P13)

它比较容易操作，因为它比较轻便。

29. shortcoming /???:tk?m??/ n. 缺点；短处

Its shortcoming was that it still used the moving ship as one of the fixed points of reference. (P13) 缺点仍旧是使用移动的船只作为一个固定的参照点。

30. update /??p?de?t/ vt. 更新

The sextant was the updated version of the astrolabe and quadrant which reduced the tendency to make mistakes. (P13)

六分仪是星盘和象限仪的改进版，它减少了出差错的可能性。

31. tendency /'tend?ns?/ n. 趋向；倾向

I have a tendency to talk too much when I'm nervous.我紧张时总爱唠叨。

【拓展】

tend /tend/ v. 照料，照顾; 倾向（于）

32. reliable /r??la??bl/ adj. 可靠的；可信赖的

It proved to be the most accurate and reliable of these early navigational instruments. (P13)

在这些早期的航海仪器中，它被证明是最精确和最为可靠的一种。

【拓展】

rely /r??la?/ vi. 依靠，倚赖

33. swoop /swu:p/ vi. 突降；猛扑

The aircraft swooped down over the buildings.飞机俯冲到那些建筑物上方。

34. parcel /'pɑ:sl/ n. 小包；包裹

She was carrying a parcel of books under her arm.她腋下夹着一包书。

35. peck /pek/ vt. & vi. 啄食

A bird pecked a hole in the bag.一只鸟把书包啄了个洞。

36. cliff /kl?f/ n. 悬崖；峭壁

Samuel rolled over swiftly and found himself at the edge of the cliff. (P16)

塞缪尔迅速翻滚，然后发现自己置身于悬崖边缘。

37. expedition /?eksp??d??n/ n. 远征；探险

He decided to postpone the expedition until the following day. 他决定把探险推迟到第二天。

38. compulsory /k?m?p?ls?r?/ adj. 必须做的；必修的

It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets.所有骑摩托车的人都必须戴头盔，这是强制性的。

39. reform /r?'f?:m/ n. 改革；革新

the reform of the educational system教育体制的改革

40. survival /s??va?vl/ n. 生存；幸存

the struggle/ fight for survival为生存而斗争/ 拼搏

【拓展】

(1) survive /s??va?v/ vi. 幸存，活下来; vt. 比…活得长; 幸存;

(2) survivor /s??va?v?/ n. 幸存者; 残存物

41. incident /??ns?d?nt/ n. 事件；事变

Our outward voyage in the "Bounty" to Tahiti had been filled with the kind of incidents that I thought would be my stories when I returned home. (P17)我们乘坐“邦蒂号”出发到塔希提岛这段航程中充满了各种事件。我以为回国后可以讲这些故事。

42. departure /d??pɑ:t??/ n. 出发；离开

On our departure from Tahiti, some of the crew took over the ship. (P17)

在我们离开塔西提后，有部分船员接管了这艘船。

【拓展】

depart /d??pɑ:t/ v. 离开，出发

43. crew /kru:/ n. (轮船、飞机等上的) 工作人员

The crew of the ship gave them nothing but bread to eat.

船上的工作人员除了面包什么也不给他们吃。

44. deposit /d?'p?z?t/ vt. 放；（把钱）存入银行

They deposited the captain into a small boat to let him find his own way home. (P17)

他们把船长放进一艘小船里，让他自己想办法回家。

45. dilemma /d?'lem?/ n. 进退两难的局面

Those of us on board the "Bounty" were caught in a dilemma. (P17)

在“邦蒂号”上的我们有点儿进退两难。

46. drawback /?dr?:b?k/ n. 缺点；障碍

The drawback of staying on the ship seemed to grow as I thought about how wrong it was to treat Captain Bligh in this way. (P17)想到这样对待布莱船长是多么错误的时候，留在船上的不利因

素似乎增多了。

47. dusk /d?sk/ n. 薄暮；黄昏

As dusk fell, we seemed to face an uncertain future. (P17)

随着黄昏降临，我们似乎面对着一个不可预测的未来。

48. routine /ru:?ti:n/ n. 常规；日常事务

Once we were at sea, our routine every day was the same. (P18)

一旦我们在海上，每天的事务总是一成不变。

49. reckon /'rek?n/ vt. 计算；估计

reckoning /?rek?n??/ n. 计算；估计

The captain used a system called "dead reckoning". (P18)

船长使用一个叫做“航位推算”的系统。

50. starvation /stɑ:?ve??n/ n. 挨饿；饿死

It was starvation quantities but the extreme lack of water was the hardest to cope with psychologically. (P18)这点儿分量的食物只能让人处于饥饿之中，可是我们心理上最难受的却是极度缺水。

【拓展】

starve /stɑ:v/ v. 挨饿；使挨饿；饿死

51. psychology /sa?'k?l?d??/ n. 心理学

social/educational/child psychology社会/ 教育/ 儿童心理学

52. tension /'ten?n/ n. 紧张；不安；张力

The tension in the boat got worse as the supply of food and water gradually disappeared. (P18)

随着食物和水的供应渐渐短缺，船上的气氛也越来越紧张。

53. gradual /?gr?d?u?l/ adj. 逐渐的；逐步的

gradually /?gr?d?u?li/ adv. 逐渐地；逐步地

we sank gradually into a sleepy, half-alive state. (P18)

逐渐地我们陷入一种昏昏入睡、奄奄一息的状态。

54. foresee /f?:'si:/ vt. 预见；预知

We could foresee that we would die if we could not reach land very soon . (P18)

可以预见到，如果不能很快地靠岸登陆，我们必死无疑。

55. thirst /θ?:st/ n. 渴；口渴

He kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomachs and our thirst. He kept us alive. (P18)他总是使我们忙个不停，并且竭力使我们忘记饥渴。

【拓展】

thirsty /?θ?:sti/ adj. 口渴的

56. set looe 出发；开始

You could not imagine a more disturbing sight than what we looked like when arriving in Timor over forty days after being set loose in our small boat. (P18)

你简直无法想象我们被放在小船上漂泊了40天后在帝汶岛登陆时的凄惨样子。

57. tear /te?/

◎vt. 扯破；撕破（tore; torn）

Our clothes were torn. (P18)我们衣衫褴褛。

◎n. 眼泪；哭泣；破洞

Her eyes filled with tears.她双眼噙满泪水。

58. hardship /?hɑ:d??p/ n. 困苦；艰难

we had fever and our faces showed the hardships we had suffered. (P18)

我们发着高烧，从脸上就能看出我们所遭受的痛苦。

59. jaw /d??:/ n. 颚；颌；下巴

jaws of death 鬼门关；死神

We were the heroes who had escaped the jaws of death by completing the greatest navigational feat of all time! (P18)我们完成了历史上最伟大的航海壮举，我们成了从鬼门关里逃出来的英雄！

60. roar /r?:/ vt. & vi. 咆哮；轰鸣

Suddenly, the sky was covered by a huge cloud and I heard a strange voice roaring nearby. (P20) 突然，天空被一大团乌云覆盖，我听到一个奇怪的声音在附近咆哮。

61. background /?b?kgra?nd/ n. 背景；后台

The job would suit someone with a business background.这项工作适合有商务经验的人。

Book9 Unit 3

1. associate /?'s????e?t/ vt. 使发生联系；使联合；结交

associate with 与……联系

Which of the pictures below do you associate with the following places in Australia?(P21)

你把下面的哪一些图片与之后的澳大利亚的地点联系起来？

【拓展】

association /??s???i?e??n/ n. 协会；社团; 联合

2. barrier /'b?r??/ n. 障碍物；栅栏；屏障

The crowd had to stand behind barriers.人群只好站在障碍物后面。

3. brochure /?br?u?u?/ n. （介绍或宣传用的）小册子

a travel brochure旅游手册

4. commonwealth /?k?m?nwelθ/ n. 国家；共和国；联邦

Commonwealth of Australia (P22)正式国名：澳大利亚联邦

5. adequate /??d?kw?t/ adj. 适当的；足够的

It is a mainly dry country with only a few coastal areas that have adequate rainfall to support a large population. (P22)这是一个干旱气候为主的国家，只有少部分沿海地区有充足雨量，可以维持着大量人口的生存。

6. ecology /?'k?l?d??/ n. 生态学

Australia is a popular destination with tourists from all over the world who come to experience its unique ecology. (P22)澳大利亚是一个受人欢迎的旅游胜地，世界各地的游客来到这里体验它独特的生态环境。

7. autonomous /?:?t?n?m?s/ adj. 自治的

Like the states in America, Australian states are autonomous in some areas of government. (P22)像美国的州一样，澳大利亚的州政府的某些部门自治。

8. federal //'fed?r?l/ adj. 联邦的；联合的；联邦制的

However, Australia has a federal government responsible for matters that affect people all over the country, such as defence, foreign policy and taxation. (P22)然而，澳大利亚有一个联邦政府负责管理涉及全国人民的事务，诸如国防、外交政策和税收等。

9. defence /d??fens/ n. 防卫；辩护

What points can be raised in defence of this argument?有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护

呢？

【拓展】

defend /d??fend/ vt.& vi. 辩护; 保卫

10. policy /'p?l?s?/ n. 政策；方针

the present policy on education 现在的教育政策

11. tax /t?ks/

◎n. 税；税款

a tax on cigarettes香烟税

◎对…征税；课税；使纳税

Any interest payments are taxed as part of your income.利息所得作为你收入的一部分要予以征税。

taxation /t?k?se??n/ n. 征税；税款

The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy. 增税是一项重要的财政政策.

12. nation /'ne??n/ n. 国家；民族

On 26 January, Australia Day, in over 200 locations across the nation , more than 9,000 people will become Australian citizens. (P22)1月26日是澳大利亚日，全国200多个地方的9000多人将成为澳大利亚的公民。

【拓展】

national /?n??n?l/ adj. 国家的; 民族的

13. citizen /'s?t?zn/ n. 公民；市民

citizenship /?s?t?z?n??p/ n. 公民身份；公民的职责和权力

By these citizenship ceremonies we welcome those who have come from overseas from many different cultural and social backgrounds into our communities and our nation. (P22)我们以这些公民庆典的形式欢迎来自不同文化和社会背景的人加入到我们这个群体和国家中来。

14. celebration /?sel??bre??n/ n. 庆祝；庆典

Australia Day celebrations that include people from so many birthplaces are an excellent way to encourage tolerance, respect and friendship among all the people of Australia. (P22)

来自许多不同的出生地的人参加澳大利亚日庆典活动。这种庆典活动是在澳州全体人民中鼓励宽容、尊重和友爱的一种极佳的方式。

15. birthplace /?b?:θple?s/ n. 诞生地

Hawaii was the birthplace of surfing. 夏威夷是冲浪运动的发源地。

16. tolerate /'t?l?re?t/ vt. 忍受；容忍

We can't tolerate his mistakes. 我们不能容忍他的错误。

We cannot tolerate such waste. 我们不能容忍这种浪费现象。

tolerance /?t?l?r?ns/ n. 宽容；忍受

She had no tolerance for jokes of any kind.她容不得开任何玩笑。

【拓展】

(1) tolerable /?t?l?r?bl/ adj. 可忍受的; 过得去的; 可宽恕的

(2) tolerant /?t?l?r?nt/ adj. 宽容的; 容忍的

17. migrant /?ma?gr?nt/ n. 移居者；移民；候鸟

Most citizenship ceremonies will be followed by displays of singing and dancing from many of the migrants' homelands and the tasting of food from all over the world. (P22)通常在公民庆典活动之后有一些来自移民国家的歌舞表演，还有品尝世界各地美味佳肴的活动。

【拓展】

(1) migration /ma??gre??n/ n. 迁移; 移居

(2) migrate /ma??gre?t/ v. 迁移; 移居

18. homeland /'h??ml?nd/ n. 祖国；本国

Many are planning to return to their homeland. 很多人正计划回到自己的祖国去。

19. via /'va??/ prep. 经；通过；经由

We flew home via Dubai.我们乘飞机经迪拜回国。

The news programme came to us via satellite.新闻节目是通过卫星传送到我们这里来的。20. superb /?sju:?p?:b/ adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的

You'll view some of Australia’s unique scenery from the superb Blue Mountains to the treeless plains of the Nuliarbor. (P22)你将欣赏到澳大利亚特有的美景，既有巍峨秀美的蓝山，也有望不见树木的那拉伯平原。

a super

b player一名杰出的运动员

His performance was absolutely superb.他的表演精彩绝伦。

21. rust /r?st/ n. 铁锈

rusty /'r?st?/ adj. 生锈的；铁锈色的

As you travel from Adelaide to Darwin via Alice Springs, you'll observe some of Australia's most spectacular landscapes - from the rolling hills surrounding Adelaide to the rusty reds of Australia's centre and the tropical splendour of Darwin. (P22)

从阿德莱德经爱丽丝温泉到达达尔文的旅程中，你可以看到澳大利亚最壮丽的风景——从环绕阿德莱德的延绵起伏的群山，到澳大利亚中部的红色土地，到达尔文美丽的热带景观。

22. tropical /?tr?p?kl/ adj. 热带的

tropical fish热带鱼

23. splendour /?splend?(r)/ n. 壮丽；杰出；壮观

The palace has been restored to its former splendour.

宫殿经过修葺，重现出昔日的富丽堂皇。

24. timetable /?ta?mte?bl/ n. 时间表；时刻表

There are ten English classes listed in the timetable. 课表上列有10节英语课.

25. heritage /'her?t?d?/ n. 遗产；继承物

It is part of one of Australia's 14 Worm Heritage Sites and rises about 335 metres out of a vast, flat sandy plain. (P22)它是澳大利亚14项世界遗产之一，矗立在一片广阔的沙地平原上，高达335米。

26. aboriginal /??b??r?d??nl/

◎adj. 土著的；土生的

Aboriginal people have lived near Uluru for thousands of years. (P22)

澳洲土著人居住在乌卢鲁附近已经有几千年了。

◎n. 土著居民

an aboriginal in Australia澳大利亚的土著居民

27. out of respect 出于尊敬

But most people don't do this out of respect for the Aboriginal people who consider the rock to be sacred. (P22)但大多数人们出于对土著人的尊敬而不这么做，因为他们认为这块岩石是神圣的。

28. fortnight /?f?:tna?t/ n. 两个星期

I’ll be back in Sydney in a fortnight. (P22)我会在两个星期后返回悉尼。

29. reservation /?rez?'ve??n/ n. 保留；预定

Because I've made a reservation on the Indian Pacific train to Perth. (P22)

因为我已经预定好了印度洋——太平洋号火车票前往佩思。

【拓展】

reserve /r??z?:v/ n. 储备; 保护区; 保留

vt. 储备; 保留; 预约; vi. 预订;

30. highway /'ha?we?/ n. 公路；大路；（美）高速公路

Drive 250 km northwestwards from Hobart along the A10 highway and you'll arrive at the southern end of the magnificent Cradle Mountain National Park and World Heritage area. (P22)

从霍巴特沿A10号公路朝西北方向行驶250公里，你就来到景色壮观的摇篮山国家公园暨世界遗产保护区的南端。

31. cradle /'kre?dl/ n. 摇篮；发源地

She rocked the baby to sleep in its cradle.她摇动摇篮哄婴儿入睡。

32. rainfall /?re?nf?:l/ n. 降雨；降雨量

Which part of Australia gets the most rainfall?(P24)澳大利亚哪一个地区降雨量最多？

33. agriculture /??gr?k?lt??/ n. 农业；农学

The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last decade.过去十年，农业从业人数已经下降。

【拓展】

(1) agricultural /??ɡr?'k?lt??r?l/ adj. 农业的; 农艺的; 农学的

(2) agriculturalist /??gr??k?lt??r?l?s/ n. 农学家;

34. sow /s??/ ( sowed; sown, sowed) vt. & vi. 播种；传播

One of the first things they did was to dig the soil and sow vegetable seeds. {P25}

他们最先做的事情之一是挖掘土壤播种蔬菜。

35. bachelor /'b?t??l?/ n. 单身汉；(文理) 学士

Many of the men remained bachelors. (P25)许多男人仍然单身。

36. correspond /?k?r?'sp?nd/ vi. 通信；符合

correspond with 与……通信

He often corresponds with his friends.他常和朋友们通信。

37. owe /??/ vt. & vi. 感激；欠（债等）

She still owes her father ￡3 000.

= She still owes ￡3 000 to her father.

她还欠她父亲3 000英镑。

owe … to把……归功于；欠

He owes his success to hard work.他的成功是靠勤奋工作。

38. enclosure /?n?kl????/ n. 围地；围场

A kangaroo kept getting out of his enclosure at the zoo. (P26)

一只袋鼠老是从公园的围地跑出来。

39. authority /?:?θ?r?ti/ n. 权力；权威；当局

Knowing that he was a good jumper, the zoo authorities increased the height of the fence around him. (P26)动物园当局知道他擅长跳跃，就加高了他周围的栅栏。

40. desperate /?desp?r?t/ adj. 不顾一切的；绝望的

I heard sounds of a desperate struggle in the next room.

我听到隔壁房间里有拼命挣扎的声音。

Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girl's life.

医生们不惜一切地奋力抢救小女孩的生命。

41. shrink /?r??k/ (shrank, shrunk; shrunk) vt. & vi. 收缩；(使) 皱缩；缩短

My sweater shrank in the wash.我的毛衣缩水了。

42. barbecue /'bɑ:b?kju:/ n. 金属烤架；烧烤野餐

I put another steak on the barbecue.我在烤架上又放了一块肉排。

Let's have a barbecue!我们来一次户外烧烤吧！

43. talk … into … 说服某人做某事

We finally talked Father into buying a new buyer.

我们总算说服父亲买了一辆新汽车。

44. wind /w?nd/

◎vt. 绕；缠(wound; wound)

The horse jumped forwards and round her, winding the rope round her waist.

那匹马围着她向前跳，把绳子绕在了她腰上。

◎n.风

The wind dropped and the surface of the sea was still.风势渐弱，海面重归平静。

45. limb /l?m/ n. 肢；翼；分支

Try to rest the injured limb as much as possible. 尽量不要活动受伤的手臂。

46. venom /'ven?m/ n. 毒液；恶意；怨恨

venomous /?ven?m?s/ adj. 有毒的；分泌毒液的

ant-ivenom /?nt?'ven?m/ 抗毒

Only a few have venom that is powerful enough to kill a human being. (P27)

只有少数蜘蛛有剧毒，足以致人于死地。

In fact, Australia has more kinds of venomous snake than any other country in the world.(P27)

事实上，澳大利亚比世界上任何其他国家的毒蛇品种都多。

47. paralyze /'p?r?la?z/ vt. 使瘫痪；使麻痹

Luckily, the poison of most snakes can kill or paralyze only small creatures. (P27)

幸运的是，多数毒蛇的毒素只能杀死小动物，或使它们瘫痪。

48. sickness /?s?kn?s/ n. 疾病；恶心

However, the majority have no effect on humans or cause only mild sickness. (P27)

然而，绝大多数蜘蛛的毒素对人体并没有影响，或者只能引起轻微病痛。

49. recover /r?'k?v?/ vt. & vi. 痊愈；复原

While a small number of Australians are bitten by spiders each year, most recover without any medical treatment. (P27)虽然每年有少数人被蜘蛛咬伤，但是多数人不经治疗就能痊愈。【拓展】

recovery /r??k?v?r?/ n. 恢复; 重获; 痊愈

50. funnel /'f?nl/ n. 漏斗

Since 1981 when a treatment was developed for funnelweb spider poison, there have been no deaths from this spider either. (P27)1981年研制出一种对付漏斗网蜘蛛的疗法，那以后就也没有人再因此而死亡。

51. snatch /sn?t?/ vt. 攫取；抢走

From time to time a crocodile has snatched someone before he or she is even aware that the crocodile is there. (P28)

鳄鱼就这样时常捕获那些还未来得及察觉到有鳄鱼的人。

52. amongst prep. 在……中间；在……之中

Spiders are usually found in dark, dry places, under stones or amongst rubbish.(P28)

蜘蛛通常会在阴暗、干燥的地方，石头下面或垃圾中被发现。

53. vinegar /?v?n?g?/ n. 醋

Vinegar is used in preserving food. 醋可用来保存食物.

54. unconscious /?n?k?n??s/ adj. 不省人事的；无意识的（反义词conscious）

They found him lying unconscious on the floor.他们发现他晕倒在地板上。

Book9 Unit 4

1. pollinate /?p?l?ne?t/ vt. 对……授粉

Some plants need animals to pollinate them. (P31)一些植物需要动物来给它授粉。

【拓展】pollinator /'p?l?ne?t?/ n. 虫媒

2. courtyard /'k?:tjɑ:d/ n. 庭院；院子；天井

Tell children to go and play in the courtyard. 叫孩子们到院子里耍去.

3. balcony /'b?lk?n?/ n. 阳台；包厢

There were glass doors leading to this balcony. 有玻璃门通到这个阳台。

4. exotic /?ɡ'z?t?k/ adj. 异国情调的；外来的；奇异的

Collecting "exotic" plants, as they are called, dates back to the earliest times. （P32）

收集所谓的“异国”植物要追溯到很久以前。

5. date back to 追溯到；远在……年代

The history of hockey can date back to thousands ago. 曲棍球的历史可以追溯到数千年前。Oxford and Cambridge date back to the thirteenth century. 牛津和剑桥的历史可追溯到十三世纪。

6. distant /'d?st?n/t adj. 远的；远处的

Many ancient civilisations saw the value of bringing back plants from distant lands. （P32）

许多古老文化都懂得从遥远的地方把植物带回来的价值。

【拓展】

distance /?d?st?ns/ n. 距离，路程; 远处

7. goods /g?dz/ n. 货物

The first plant collecting expedition recorded in history was around 1500 BC when the Queen of Egypt sent ships away to gather plants, animals and other goods. （P32）历史上有记载的第一个收集植物的探险是公元前1500年，埃及女王派出船只去收集植物、动物以及其他货物。8. scale / ske?l/ n. 磅秤；天平盘；规模；程度；范围

However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. （P32）然而，直到18世纪和19世纪人们对植物世界大规模的探索才开始。

9. conflict / 'k?nfl?kt/ n. 斗争；冲突

Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions, often facing many dangers including disease near-starvation, severe environments and conflicts with the local people. （P32）勇敢的年轻人借机进行植物探索活动，他们常常面临许多危险，如疾病、饥饿、严酷的环境以及同当地居民的冲突。

10. missionary /'m???nr?/

◎n. 传教士

One such missionary, Father d'Incarville, was sent to Beijing in the 1740s. （P32）

其中有一位叫汤执中的传教士于18世纪40年代被派赴北京。

◎adj. 教会的；传教的

missionary work教会的工作

11. endeavour /?n'dev?(r) / n. 尽力；竭力

Cook called the bay where the Endeavour had anchored Botany Bay. 库克还把“奋进号”抛锚停靠的地方称为植物湾。（P32）

12. anchor / '??k?/

◎n. 锚

The ship lay at anchor two miles off the rocky coast.船在离岩岸两英里处抛锚停泊。

◎vi. & vt. 抛锚；锚定

We anchored off the coast of Spain.我们在西班牙沿海抛锚停泊。

13. tight /ta?t /adj. 紧的；紧密的(反义词loose)

The screw was so tight that it wouldn't move.螺丝钉太紧，拧不开。

These shoes are much too tight.这双鞋太紧了。

【拓展】

tightly /?ta?tli/ adv. 紧紧地；坚固地

14. seal / si:l/ vt. 封闭；密封

The world of plant exploration was completely changed with Dr Nathaniel Ward's invention of a tightly sealed portable glass container. （P32）纳撒尼尔?沃德医生所发明的便携式密封玻璃容器彻底改变了植物探索的世界。

15. container /k?n?te?n?/ n. 容器

Food will last longer if kept in an airtight container.如果贮藏在密封的容器里，食物能保持比较久的时间。

【拓展】

contain /k?n?te?n/ vt. 包含；容纳

16. restriction /r?'str?k?n / n. 限制；约束

At that time, there were restrictions on the movement of Europeans. （P33）那时候，欧洲人在中国的活动受到种种限制。

【拓展】

restrict /r??str?kt/ vt. 限制，限定; 约束

17. fluency /?flu:?nsi/ n. 流利；流畅

In order to travel unnoticed, he developed his fluency in Chinese and dressed as a Chinese man. （P33）为了在旅行中不引起别人的注意，他努力使自己的汉语讲得很流利。

【拓展】

(1) fluent /?flu:?nt/ adj. 流畅的; 流利的

(2) fluently /'flu:?ntl?/ adv. 流利地;流畅地

18. shave /?e?v / vt. & vi. 剃；刮

He developed his fluency in Chinese and dressed as a Chinese man, even shaving his head in the Chinese style. （P33）他努力使自己的汉语讲得很流利，并且穿着中国人的服装，甚至像中国人一样削发（留辫）。

19. thunderstorm '/θ?nd?st?:m / n. 雷雨；雷暴

He experienced many adventures including huge thunderstorms in the Yellow Sea and pirates on the Yangtze River. （P33）他经历过多次险情，包括在黄海碰到过巨大的风暴，以及在长江遭遇海盗的袭击。

20. pirate /'pa?r?t/ n. 海盗

21. appeal /?'pi:l/

appeal to

①（对某人）有吸引力

One of the collectors was Father Farges, who collected 37 seeds from a tree that had appealed to him. （P33）其中一位叫做法尔热的神父，从他所喜爱的一棵树上收集了37粒种子。Bright colours appeal to small children. 小孩喜欢鲜艳的颜色。

②呼吁

I appeal to all like-minded people to support me. 我呼吁所有志同道合的人来支持我。

22. dove /d?v /n. 鸽子

This tree was later called the Dove Tree. （P33）这种树后来被称作鸽子树。

23. botanist /?b?t?n?st / n. 植物学家

However, European botanists were very excited with the knowledge that China had a vast variety of plants. （P33）然而欧洲植物学家知道中国有着品种繁多的植物，并为此感到兴奋不已。

24. △chrysanthemum/kr??s?nθ?m?m/ n. 菊花

25. red date /red de?t / n. 红枣

26. lower /l???(r) /

◎vt. 降低；跌落；减弱

He had to lower his head to get through the door.他得低头才能过这道门。

◎adj. 下面的，下方的

the lower deck of a ship船的下甲板

27. beard /b??d/ n. 胡须

He has decided to grow a beard.他已经决定留起胡子。

28. ripe /ra?p / adj. 熟的；成熟的

The conditions were ripe for social change.社会变革的时机已经成熟。

【拓展】

ripen /?ra?p?n/ vt.& vi. （使）成熟; （使）熟;

29. irrigation /??r?'ɡe??n/ n. 灌溉

Send me your report on irrigation as soon as you’ve finished it. (P35)

把你关于灌溉的报告一完成就寄给我。

30. weed /wi:d/ n. 野草；杂草

The yard was overgrown with weeds.这座庭院杂草丛生。

31. spear /sp??/ n. 矛；标枪

32. string /str?? /n. 线；细绳；一串

The key is hanging on a string by the door.钥匙拴在门边的细绳上。

33. spade /spe?d/ n. 铲；铁锹

34. postpone /p?'sp??n/ vt. 延迟；推迟

My parents suggested postponing our visit to the pyramid. (P35)我父母建议推迟去参观金字塔。

35. pyramid /'p?r?m?d/ n. 金字塔

36. monument /'m?nj?m?nt/ n. 纪念碑

I will report them the kind of monument we are planning to build for the soldiers. (P35)

我将向他们报告我们正在计划为士兵们建造的纪念碑的形式。

37. rot /r?t/ vt. & vi. 腐烂；腐败

The window frame had rotted away completely.窗框已经完全烂掉了。

38. evolve/ ?'v?lv/ vt. 发展；进展；进化

Over time, many flowering plants and their animal pollinators have evolved together. （P38）

许多开花的植物长期以来是和它们的动物传媒一起发展的。

【拓展】

evolution /?i:v?'lu:?n/ n. 演变；进化

39. nectar /?nekt?/ n. 花蜜；甘露

The plant needs the animal to pollinate it and the animal is rewarded with food called nectar when it visits the flowers. （P38）植物需要动物帮它授粉，动物从中得到回报——当其接触花时，能够得到被称作花粉的食物。

40. attach /?'t?t?/ vt. 缚上；系上；附加

Pollen becomes attached to the animal during its visit to a flower and is then passed on to another plant's blossom on its next visit. （P38）动物接触一朵花时，花粉就附着在它的身上，动物接触下一朵时，就把这些花粉传到另外的那朵花上。

41. typical /?t?p?kl/ adj. 典型的；有代表性的

typical flower characteristics（P38）花朵的典型特性

42. petal / 'petl/ n. 花瓣

The petals are wide enough for bees to land on. （P38）花瓣宽大，足够蜜蜂落在上面。

43. tube /tju:b / n. 管；管子

usually the nectar is at the end of a small, narrow tube whose length is the same as the tongue of a particular species. （P38）花粉通常在狭小的花管子的一段，其长度于特定花粉传播者的舌头相当。

44. delicate /'del?k?t/ adj. 精致的；脆弱的；微妙的

The eye is one of the most delicate organs of the body.眼睛是人体最娇贵的器官之一。

a delicate problem微妙的问题

a delicate artwork精美的艺术品

45. fragrant /?fre?gr?nt/ adj. 芬芳的；香的

fragrant flowers芬芳的花

46. daisy / 'de?z?/ n. 雏菊

47. odour /???d?(r) / n. 气味；香味；臭味

The plant has an unpleasant odour. 这种植物闻着刺鼻。

【拓展】

odourless/???d?l?s/ adj. 没有气味的；无嗅的

48. give out 发出（气味、热等）；分发；用完

There were people at the entrance giving out leaflets. 有人在入口处散发传单。

After a month their food supplies gave out.一个月以后他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。

The flowers give out sweet perfume.这种花发出一种香甜味。

49. dull / d?l/ adj. 不鲜明的；阴暗的；枯燥的；乏味的

a dull grey colour暗灰色

Life in a small town could be deadly dull.小城镇的生活可能会非常没意思。

50. musty /?m?sti / adj. 发霉的；有霉味的

a musty room有霉味的房间

51. fruity /'fru:t?/ adj. 果味的；(酒)有葡萄味的

musty, fruity smell（P38）发霉的果子味。

【拓展】

fruit /fru:t/ n. 成果; 水果; 果实;

Book9 Unit 5

1．casual / ?k??u?l / adj. 偶然的；随意的；临时的

Even some of the casual garments we wear have brand names attached to them which turn us into walking advertisements. 至在我们穿的有些休闲服上也印着品牌的名字，这就把我们变成了“移动广告”。（P42）

casual clothes / shoes休闲的衣服/休闲鞋

a casual meeting不期而遇

a casual passer-by碰巧过路的人

It's difficult for me to be casual about anything. 要我轻松处事很难。

It became increasingly expensive to hire casual workers. 雇用临时工越来越贵了。

【拓展】

casually /'k????l?/adv. 偶然地; 随意地; 漫不经心地

They chatted casually on the phone.他们在电话上闲聊。

She was dressed casually in jeans and a sweatshirt for the party.

她随便地穿着一条牛仔裤和一件运动衫参加了这个聚会。

2. garment / ?gɑ:m?nt / n. [C] 衣服；外衣

woollen/winter/outer garments毛衣/冬装/外衣

She left school to go to work as a dress model in the garment company.

她离开学校到服装公司当时装模特儿。

3.turn … into …. （使）变成

The coach will turn him into a top-class player. 教练要使他成为一流的选手。

The icy rain seemed to turn into snow. 冻雨有变成雪花的模样。

4. advertiser / ??dv?ta?z?(r) / n. [C]登广告者；广告客户；广告人

How do advertisers make effective advertisements? 广告商是如何制作有效的广告的？（P42）Many companies prefer to hire famous film stars to be their advertisers.

许多公司更喜欢雇佣著名影星作他们的广告人。

【拓展】

（1）advertising /??dv?ta?z??/ n. [U] 广告; 做广告

Inside advertising广告内情（P42）

HOW ADVERTISINC WORKS广告是如何起作用的（P42）

Cigarette advertising has been banned.香烟广告已遭禁止。

（2）advertisement /?d?v?:t?sm?nt/ n. [C] (=advert /??dv?:t/ = ad /?d/) 广告；启事

Do you know how many advertisements you are exposed to in your daily life? 你知道你在日常生活中要面对多少广告吗？（P42）

Adverts are not only made and paid for by business, but also by individuals, organizations and associations that wish to inform or educate the public. 广告不仅可由商家付费制作，也可以由想要向公众传达或教育公众的个人、组织或协会来出资制作。（P42）

Advertisers must pay the media for displaying their ads. 广告上必须付费给展示广告的媒体。