扩展英语词汇Unit 11-3
Unit 11 Roots about “Breaking”, “Building” and “Standing”
Lecture 3
Roots about “Standing”
1. Warming-up 课程准备
Too many people are content to fly under the radar. That’s fine as long as we don’t expect to get anywhere. But if we want to be seen as influential, if we want people to notice if we miss work, we should not only learn our job, but excel at it. Doing so is how we succeed above and beyond what even we knew was possible.
So, in this lecture, we introduce roots about “standing”. It helps if we know from the very beginning of our career that to establish ourselves in any job, we need to stand out. There are several things we can do. Set aside a bit of time to determine steps we can take to help the whole team. Consider starting a project by developing ideas then get a team together to launch it. They will all contribute to your success.
2. Words to Watch 词汇锦囊
Root “sta” an d the words: establish, contrast, destination, constant.
Root “stitu” an d the words: institute, constitute, restitute, substitute, destitute.
Root “sist” an d the words: consist, desist, subsist, persistence.
1) establish
建立、确立
e.g. He decided to leave school and establish his own company.
2) contrast
对比、对照
e.g. The weather down here is a contrast to what we’re having back home.
3) destination
目的、目标
e.g. Coastal city Qingdao is a preferred destination of many tourists.
4) constant
不断的、持续的
e.g. He found it impossible to work with constant interruption.
5) institute
建立、实行
e.g. The Dean decided to institute a new course in American literature.
6) constitute
构成、组成
e.g. The total surroundings constitute the environment of one’s life.
7) restitute
赔偿、返还
e.g. The insurance company tries to restitute those losses.
8) substitute
取代、代替
e.g. Only art can substitute for nature.
9) destitute
赤贫的、匮乏的
e.g. They were destitute of necessaries of life.
11) consist
由…组成、构成
e.g. Her charm does not consist only in her beauty.
12) desist
停止、结束
e.g. The protesters need to desist from such foolish activities.
13) subsist
存在、维持
e.g. Squirrels subsist on nuts during the winter.
14) persistence
坚持
e.g. It was her persistence that helped her out of danger.
3. Cultural Interaction 文化采撷
Chinese modern universities and foreign language learning
Higher education in China is continuously growing, changing and developing. For the past 2500 years, the traditional Chinese education system is based on the teachings of Confucius. But ever since the late nineteenth century, outside influences have played a large role in China's educational development. In 1862, Chinese government established an interpreter training institution 京师同文馆. In 1898, 京师同文馆was merged into the newly established 京师大学堂 (the Supreme College of the Capital City), predecessor of the present Peking University.
4. Critical-Thinking Questions 思辨问题
Have Chinese universities caught up with their western counterparts? Or are they better than the latter now?
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高考英语单词拼写精练50题 1、I can’t wait so you had better give me an （立刻）reply. 2、“Sorry, I must be off now,” he said and then left out（勿忙）. 3、I could not get a satisfactory （解释）. 4、Do come please. I will wait for you at the （入口处）. 5、The notice reads: “Don’t come in without（允许）. 6、I （劝告）him to accept our advice, and he did so. 7、The police asked him for imformation on the （事故）. 8、The （政府）should do something to reduce the price of food. 9、Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great （成就）. 10、“How often does he write to his parents?” “Oh,（经常）.” 11、The box is full of glasses objects . Please put it down with （小心） 12、Oh, you have made a wrong （选择）. You’d better think it over again. 13、We went to the Summer Palace last year. All of us were deeply touched by its （美丽）. 14、The matter is not of much （重要）to us. 15、The underground carries a lot of （乘客）. 16、Suez canal （分开）Asia from Africa. 17、The boys and girls will be ( 分开) into four groups to play the game. 18、This problem needs （解决）at once. 19、The policeman brought the little boy to （安全的地方）. 20、（鼓励）by his teacher, Tom made up his mind to study well. 21、He looks old, yet （实际上）he is only twenty-five. 22、Thank you for your （邀请）which reached me just now. 23、Mike said he would be more （注意）in class from then on. 24、They have made great progress since the （开始）of this term. 25、The sleeves of the coat are too long for me, and so I want them to be （短）. 26、Which of the following （陈述）is not mentioned in the reading material? 27、Without any （犹豫）, she took up the red flag and rushed out. 28、His English is （吃惊）wonderful. 29、The students are busy making （准备）for the examination. 30、She was （感到震惊）to hear what had happened. 31、These new book on computer are favourably （受欢迎）. 32、I’ll go there again, if（需要）. 33、He is a famous teacher with forty years’（经验）. 34、I （宣布）that Milliams had been elected. 35、The July 7th （事变）took place in 1937. 36、I want to go to the （医学）college. 37、The Chinese people are working hard to （使现代化）their country. 38、I wonder if this medicine is （有效）enough to get rid of his fever. 39、Thank you for giving me the valuable （信息）. 40、Good （节目）on TV have good effects on children. 41、She keeps a （日记）in German. 42、I borrowed the （杂志）from the library. 43、This Minister is in charge of the foreign （事务）of that small country. 44、We have set up an （协会）for the blind. 45、I wish you a pleasant （旅途）. 46、Go to see a doctor, you are （显然）ill. 47、They had fought against their enemy for eight years before they won the final （胜利）. 48、As I came late, he looked at me kindly without （责备）.
扩大英语词汇量的方法
扩大英语词汇量的方法 扩大英语词汇量的方法 如何有效地记住英语单词，扩大自己的词汇量，是许多英语学习者都遇到的问题。似乎人人都想找到一条扩大英语词汇量的捷径。的确，学习英语单词、扩大词汇量是有方法的，但并无定法，一切要因人而异，因学习的内容而异。只要我们善于观察分析，总结英语词汇的构成规律，运用多种学习和记忆技巧，就能够找出适合自己的学习方法，迅速扩大自己的词汇量。扩大词汇量最常见的方法有构词法、联想法、循环法、游戏法，等等。掌握这些方法无疑对记忆英语单词可以起到事半功倍的效果。本文拟介绍其他一些行之有效的方法，供大家参考。 一.跨学科阅读法 根据我国的实际情况，英语词汇的主要输入源头是英语阅读。怎样利用好阅读有效地扩大词汇量，这是很值得研究的。平时，老师总是说要多读、泛读、读小说、读报纸。这些都没有错，但单词量的扩大并不明显。根据国外英语教育专家的研究，跨学科阅读法是扩大英语词汇量的有效途径。 所谓跨学科阅读法，就是有意识地选取不同学科、不同领域的英语读物作为英语学习的内容，对材料进行精读或泛读，通过阅读不同学科、不同领域的英语材料扩大自己的词汇量。这一学习方法是有语言学和心理学根据的。从语言学来看，任何一门学科都有自己的基本概念和描写对象，这些基本概念和对象构成了本学科或本领域的基本内容，反映在语言上就构成了本学科或本领域的基本词汇。它们在这个学科或领域的英语读物中是最基础的，复现率很高，是阅读该学科或领域的英语材料所必须优先掌握的，因而它们最容易被记住。再从心理学上看，当一个人开始接触一个新领域的语言材料时，他对这个领域的词汇一无所知，一切都是新鲜的，因而对这个领域的常用单词也是最敏感的，记忆特别容易。 具体的方法是:在特定时期内，集中阅读某一个领域的英语材料，把出现在这些材料中的基本词汇抄录下来加以强记，并在阅读中进一步使用、熟悉这些词汇。当掌握了这个
扩大英语词汇量
扩大英语词汇量 摘要：要学好英语，使用英语沟通与交流，词汇量是其中最基本的保证。如果没有足够的词汇量，在信息的接收和传递上会受到很大的限制，学生便无法使用英语进行正常的交际，学习的积极性也会降低。因此，在学习英语的过程中，词汇量的扩大显得尤为重要，是听、说、读、写的重要保证。本文主要提出扩大词汇量的两种常用重要有效的途径，即通过学习构词法和在阅读中习得词汇。词汇量的扩大，始终是为使用英语交流服务，从而提高学生学习英语的积极性。 关键词：英语词汇量；构词法；阅读 我的学生学英语短的有三年，长的有六、七年不等，而我接触英语已经将近二十年，还有更多的人一辈子在跟英语打交道。其实，不管学多久的英语，相信绝大部分的人都会觉得我们学英语用英语最大最凶猛的拦路虎就是我们的词汇量。 这一点在我教学过程中学生的身上尤为明显，词汇量影响着他们的听、说、读、写。我们学英语的目的就是为了达到交流的目的：和人交谈沟通，阅读报刊杂志，写下我们所想表达的等等。无论是一篇篇的文章，还是一句句的话，都是由一个个的单词构成的，要学生能够读懂，听懂，写得出来，能够表达，一定的词汇量是必需的。可往往现在大多数学生的词汇量都非常有限，这给他们的听、说、读、写设置了一个又一个的障碍，使他们对英语越学越没信心，越学越没兴趣。因此，我非常明确一点，要学生把英语学好，提高其兴趣是很好的方法，而最基本的则是努力扩大学生的词汇量。 我们在词汇这一块，有的是一成不变的一个一个单词的记忆，而也有许多人在学习英语的过程中，发明了许多不同的记忆词汇扩大词汇量的方法，然而，我认为最有效最基本的扩大词汇量的途径应是从构词法以及阅读这两方面入手。 学习英语构词法，一可以巩固和扩大词汇量，二还能帮助我们深入理解单词的含义和加强对于词汇的灵活运用。了解英语词汇的构成特点，迅速扩大自己的词汇量，建立强大的心理优势。英语的构词法基本分成三种：派生词构词法，合成词构词法，转化词构词法。而这三种中，以派生词构词法所构成的派生词的数
全国统考的大学英语B对于词汇量的要求是考生应认知3
第三章词汇 全国统考的大学英语B对于词汇量的要求是考生应认知3 000个单词，并熟练掌握其中的1 800个单词及其基本的搭配。比如说一个单词able，它属于这1800个基本词汇里，就要求掌握好派生出来的able ,enable , unable ,disable, ability, disability, disabled, capable 等相关的词语，同时，也要掌握了它的一些固定搭配，比如，be able to do sth, be capable of doing sth, enable sb to do sth , have ability in doing sth，the disabled (残疾人)等等。 对于词汇的直接考测是通过第三部分的词汇和结构以及完型填空以及阅读理解的猜测词义。虽然所占分值并不高，但是由于词汇是基础，应该来说，对它的考察是每个题目都体现的。因此，掌握一定的词汇知识，扩大一定的词汇量，融会贯通的理解词汇含义是非常有必要的。 第一部分：扩大词汇有窍门 1.词根记忆法 充分利用单词的构词规律，通过掌握一组单词的共同词根或词缀，达到成串记忆单词的目的。比如知道词根“able，abil”的意思是“capable能”，就可以知道单词由able，enable，unable，ability，capable等都是和能力和才干有关系的；如果知道词根act＝to do ，to drive 做，干，驱动，那么记忆单词act，action，actor，actress，active，activity，activate ，actual，exact，reactor，interact，transaction等就非常简单了。像sh 有快的含义, flash, crash, rush 等词都有词义在里面。 这种记忆方法的优点是，可以充分利用单词之间的形式和意义联系，对大量的词汇进行模糊记忆，这里的模糊是指，只要知道某个单词中包含有某个认识的词根或词缀，就可以大致知道该单词的大致意义或词性，从而大大提高阅读理解能力。相应地，在做词汇题或阅读理解中的上下文中词汇题时，也能根据词根、词缀做出正确的判断。 2．形义联想法 这种方法的做法是找出单词之间形状和意义的共同特点，利用他们的共同特点展开记忆。比如我们对ball，ballet，balloon，ballot，bullet等几个词就可以做这样的联想记忆，即他们都和球有着意义上的联系。balloon是体积较大的气球，ballot是用来投票的纸球，bullet是体积较小的金属球。再比如：brace（支柱，支架），bracket（托架，括号）brake（闸，刹车），branch（分叉，树枝）等几个词当中都包含了br，而它像张开两手向前作“抱”的姿势。这几个单词的汉语意思当中也都包含一个抱或托的形象。 巧用单词之间的共同成分，由熟悉的单词记忆新单词：如：由east我们可以扩展记忆beast （野兽），feast（盛宴），yeast（硝母）；由obtain（获得），contain（包含），maintain （维持），sustain（支持），retain（保留）。 在考试中，像这种形近词也是考察的重点，常常要求辨析。 3. 意群记忆法 单个记忆单词既累又不能长时间地巩固，但是只要将单词按一定的意义联系组合起来记忆，效果会大大地提高。 比如：一个人骑车走在街上就可以联想到bicycle，truck，car，，hus，traffic(jam，light），rush hours，highway，freeway，zebra，lines，cement，sidewalk，underpass，overpass (过街天桥)，road，passenger，shops，fence，fine （罚款）等词。 又如：我们到医院能想到hospital，doctor，nurse，ward，medicine，cure，treatment，injection，