高考英语词法固定短语知识点技巧及练习题(1)
高考英语词法固定短语知识点技巧及练习题(1)
一、选择题
1．Try to discourage him ________ driving too fast, as it’s extremely dangerous.
A．from B．into C．to D．for 2．Everything _____ doing is worthy of _____ well.
A．worthy; being done B．worth; being done C．worthy; doing D．worth; doing
3．If Lincoln had lived, it________ be that his postwar policies would have brought criticism upon him that would________ his reputation.
A．might as well … have tarnished B．might well … have tarnished
C．might as well … tarnish D．might well … tarnish
4．________ a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins
except________ an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with people of humble origins. A．On … give B．On … gave
C．In … giving D．In … to give
5．As far as I’m concerned, this book deserves ______ several times.
A．being read B．to read C．reading D．read
6．The explorer got a disease in blood for ________of fresh vegetables and fruit.
A．sake B．lack
C．ignorance D．knock
7．______ catch the first bus, he got up very early this morning.
A．In order to B．In order that C．So to D．So that 8．According to strict guidelines, Japan’s new era name(年号) ______ only two characters should be easy to read and write. ______ that, it should not employ common names or the first character of any of the last four eras.
A．making up; Apart from B．consisting of; Aside from
C．which made up of; Besides D．which consisted of; Except for
9．— What do you think of their marriage?
— ______, if I were Kate, I would not marry him.
A．Generally speaking B．I have no idea
C．To be honest D．To my surprise
10．A lot of dust has on the farm machines.
A．brought up B．taken up C．built up D．picked up
11．All approaches you thought the problem are very reasonable.
A．of solving B．to solve C．of to solving D．to solving 12．The development of pills often owe ________ to science-we started with a drug that we hoped would be effective in heart disease and we ended up with a medicine that was highly effective against nerve disorder.
A．much chance B．much chance as C．much to chance as D．as much to chance as
13．Our school__________ the students to collect used batteries, ___________ a better environment.
A．appealed; in the hope of B．appealed; in the hope that
C．appealed to; in the hope of D．appealed to; in the hope that
14．It seems that number sense is something we have ________ with many animals in the world. A．in common B．in turn C．in charge D．in return
15．Too much smoking and drinking ________ him greatly，which meant bad living habits had an ______ on his health.
A．affect；effect B．affected；effect
C．affected；effects D．affect；effects
16．It turned out that this material was neither silk ________cotton.
A．or B．nor C．not D．no
17．____________ the advances in technology, students can learn online at home during the epidemic period.
A．In addition to B．Thanks to C．In spite of D．According to 18．To the __________, he found himself standing next to the figure who had given him three wishes.
A．astonishing of the boy B．boy’s astonish
C．boy of astonishment D．astonishment of the boy
19．________ that the small village ________ him. He knows almost everything about it. A．There is no doubt; is familiar with B．There is no doubt; is familiar to
C．It is no doubt; is familiar with D．It is no doubt; is familiar to
20．My brother is so interested in languages that, he is now learning _____ third language besides Eng-lish and French.
A．不填B．the C．a D．that
21．Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to
live_________nature.
A．in view of B．in need of C．in touch with D．in harmony with 22．My father is lively and____, but he is not very patient_____me.
A．energy; with B．energetic; with
C．energy; of D．energetic; of
23．Time should be made good use________our lessons well.
A．of learning B．to learn C．to learning D．of to learn 24．The building was named Ford Hall _______ a man named James Ford.
A．in need of B．in memory of C．in charge of D．in search of 25．China,a country with a strong sense of duty,never hesitates to_______to help other countries. A．reach out B．turn out C．work out D．come out
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：设法劝阻他不要开快车，因为那是极其危险的。表示“劝阻某人做某事”短语为discourage sb. from doing sth.。故选A。
2．B
解析：B
【解析】
试题分析：考查worth和worthy的区别：be worth doing和be worthy of being done/be worthy to be done值得被做，所以第一空填worth，第二空填being done，句意：值得做的事都值得做好。选B。
考点：考查worth和worthy
点评：这两个词重点是搭配的不同，be worth doing是主动表被动，be worthy后面要用被动式，平时可以做些同义句转化或一句多译。
3．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：如果林肯还活着的话，他的战后政策也许很可能会给他带来有损他名望的批评。might as well意为“也可以，倒不如”，might well意为“有可能”,根据句意，故排除A、C项错误；根据If Lincoln had lived是虚拟语气，意为“如果林肯还活着”，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句使用了would have+过去分词虚拟语气，故B正确。4．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意：在那个时代，除了下命令外，很少有贵族和出身卑微的人交谈，但杰斐逊特意和出身卑微的人交谈。第一空的day表示的是“时代”，故用介词in。except to为固定搭配，意为“除了，除非”。故D项正确。
5．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：就我而言，这本书值得多读几遍。根据deserves可知此处要用
doing形式，固定搭配deserve doing sth.“值得做某事”。主动表达被动。故选C项。6．B
解析：B
【解析】
考查名词。for the sake of为了……的缘故；for lack of由于缺少；ignorance无知；knock敲打，敲击。句意：探险家因为缺少新鲜的蔬菜和水果，得了一种血液病。根据句意应选B。
7．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：为了赶上第一班公交，他今天早晨起得非常早。分析句子，前半句没有主谓，不是从句，所以不能用that引导，in order to……为固定短语，作目的状语，意为“为了做某事”，可以放句首。故选A项。
8．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词和固定短语辨析。句意：根据严格的指导方针，日本新纪元名称只有两个字符，应该便于阅读和书写。除此之外，它不应使用通用名称或过去四个时代中任何一个时代的第一个字符。A. making up; Apart from组成，除……外；B. consisting of; Aside from 由……组成，除……外；C. which made up of; Besides组成，除……外；D. which consisted of; Except for由……组成，除了。分析句子结构可知，第一空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，consist of“由……组成”没有被动形式，故用现在分词作后置定语；第二空应用“处……之外”之意，故选B项。
【点睛】
本题第一空考查be made up of, consist of的区别
这两个短语在意思上相同，都是“由…….组成”，不同之处在于be made up of是被动形式，consist of是用主动形式表达被动意义，即它没有被动形式，例如：
This is our class, made up 50 students. = This is our class, consisting of 50 students.这是我们班，由50人组成。
9．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：--你认为他们的婚姻怎样?—说句实在话，如果我是凯特，我将不和
他结婚。A. Generally speaking一般说来； B. I have no idea我不知道；C. To be honest说句实在话； D. To my surprise令我吃惊的是。下文是与现在事实相反，故C项符合句意，故选C。
10．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多灰尘积在了农场机器上。A. brought up培养；提出(问题等)；B. taken up占用；C. built up积攒；D. picked up拿起。根据主语是灰尘可知，是堆积在了机器上，故选C。
11．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：你为解决这个问题所想到的办法都很合理。句中“想到，考虑到”的宾语是名词approaches，要用think of。“做某事的方法”是the approach to doing sth，综上，故选C。
12．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查比较级。句意：药物的开发往往既是偶然的，也是科学的结果——我们从一种我们希望对心脏病有效的药物开始，最终我们发现了一种对神经紊乱非常有效的药物。分析破折号后面的句子可知，很多情况下，我们研发一种药物其实经常是偶然的，所以应该填as much as “和...一样多”，owe...to.... “归因于”。故选D项。
13．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我们学校呼吁学生们收集旧电池，希望有一个更好的环境。“呼吁某人做某事”是appeal to sb. to do sth. 其中appeal是不及物动词，后面常加to。第二个空后不是句子，是词语a better environment，表示“怀着……的希望”，用in the hope of。故选C。
14．A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查词组。句意：看来，数字感是我们和世界上许多动物的共同之处。A. in common共同；B. in turn反过来，轮流；C. in charge负责，主管；D. in return作为报答。固定搭配：have sth. in common with“与……有共同点”。故选A。
15．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查近义词辨析。句意：抽烟与酗酒严重影响了他，这意味着这种不好的生活方式影响着他的健康。affect 是动词，影响，感染。往往指不好的影响，根据从句中的meant可知，用一般过去式； have an effect on 对……影响，是固定短语。故选B项。
16．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：结果表明这种材料既不是丝绸也不是棉。“neither...nor…”为固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。根据语境可知，本句是说这种材料既不是丝绸的也不是棉的。故选B。
17．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词短语析。句意：由于技术的进步，学生可以在流行病疫情期间在家在线学习。A. In addition to除……之外； B. Thanks to幸亏，由于；C. In spite of尽管；D. According to根据。从句意可知B项符合题意，故选B。
18．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：让这个男孩惊讶的是，他发现自己站在给了他三个愿望的那个人旁边。分析句子，并翻译语境可知，此处“to one’s+情感类名词”是固定搭配，该结构通常变体是“to the+情感类名词+of+sb.”意为“使某人感到......的是”。故选D项。
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定句型和固定搭配。句意：毫无疑问，这个小村庄对他来说很熟悉。他几乎无所不知。首先固定句型“There is no doubt that…”，表示“毫无疑问的是”，所以排除C和D。“be familiar to”意思是“为…所熟悉”，主语通常是物。“be familiar with”意思是“熟悉、精通”，主语是人。在这里表示的是村庄对他来说很熟悉，并且主语是物，所以选择 is familiar to。故此题选B。
20．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查冠词。句意：我弟弟对语言很感兴趣，他正在学习英语和法语之外的又一门语言。结合后文third language besides Eng-lish and French以及语境“英语和法语之外的又一门语言”可知此处为结构“不定冠词a / an + 序数词 + 名词”，强调在已知数量上再累加一个，翻译成“又一个”。故选C。
21．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：人的生活是自然的一部分，因此，我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。A.in view of在……眼里；B.in need of需要；;C.in touch with和……接触； D. In harmony with与……和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接名词，根据句意，故选D。
【点睛】
短语辨析和单词的考察在试卷中经常出现。通常在介绍一个词语的时候会顺带着列出其固定搭配的短语。对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。当然介词短语的记忆可以结合具体介词以及主要的名词的意思来进行记忆。
22．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查形容词和固定搭配。句意：我父亲生气勃勃，精力充沛，但他对我不是很有耐心。第一空用形容词作表语，和and前面的形容词lively在语法结构上保持一致；第二空，固定
搭配be patient wi th…（对……有耐心），应用介词with。故选B项。
23．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：我们应该充分利用时间来学好我们的功课。表示“充分利用”短语为make good use of，本句中后跟不定式作目的状语。故选D。
24．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：为了纪念一个叫James Ford的人，这座建筑被命名为Ford Hall。A.in need of需要；B.in memory of纪念；C. in charge of负责； D.in search of寻找。根据人名James Ford和建筑物的名字James Ford可知，空处需用固定短语in memory of，表示为了纪念James Ford而修建那个建筑的。故选B
25．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：中国，作为一个责任感极强的大国，在向其他国家伸出援手时，从不犹豫。A. reach out伸出（援手）；B. turn out结果是；C. work out解决（问题），锻炼；D. come out出版。分析句子可知，空白处的宾语是不定式to help，应该用reach out表达“伸出（援手）”。故选A项。
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配一．相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在～～帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下2. be strict with sb. 对～人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上 5. lie in 位于～～之内 lie on 同～～接壤 lie to 位于～～之外 6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫，一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以～～名义 8. in the air 空中，在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法 in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步，屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下
on one’s way to 在去～～的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角） in the corner 在角落里（内角） on the corner 在角落上（外角上） 11. judge by / from 根据～～来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时 at the beginning of 在～～开始时 at the back of 在～～背后，支持 at the age of ～～岁时 at the foot of 在～～脚下 at the bottom of 在～～底部 at the top of 在～～顶上 at/on the edge of 在～～边上 13. in the course of 在～～过程中 in the eyes of 从～～观点看来，在～～眼里 in the face of 面对～～，尽管，纵使 in the middle of 在～～中间 in the end =at last=finally 最后 14. on the eve of 在～～前夕 on the side of 在～～一边 15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后for a time = for some time 一时，有一段时间
高中英语常用词组归纳
高中英语常用词组归纳 All all by oneself 独立，单独 above all 首先，特别是，最重要的是after all 到底，毕竟 first of all 首先 in all 总共 most of all 最最 all at once 突然，同时，马上 all of a sudden 突然 all over (the world) 遍及（全世界） all right 好吧，行，情况不错 all sorts of 各种各样的 all kinds of 各种各样的 all the best 万事如意 all the more 更加, 益发 all (just) the same 尽管如此，仍旧（照样）all the year round 一年到头 all the way 从远处；自始至终 all the while = all the time = always始终 AS（conj., adv.& pron.）as…as…与……一样 as a matter of fact 事实上 as a rule 通常 as a result 结果 as a whole 总的来说 as if(as though) 好像 as follows 如下 as for 就….而言 as(so) long as 只要 as soon as 一……就…… as soon as possible 尽快 as usual 像往常一样 as well 也，还 as well as 同……一样 might(may) as well 不妨 so as to 以便 At (prep.) at a time 一次，每次at breakfast 早餐时，正在吃早饭 at first 最初 at home 在家 at last最后，终于 at least 至少 at (the) most至多，不超过 at one time 以前，曾经 at once 立刻，马上 at night 在夜里，在晚上 at midnight 在半夜 at present 目前，现在 at times =from time to time =once in a while 有时候 at sea在大海上，在航行 at one’s own expense 自费 at sb’s request 应某人的请求 at sb’s service 听候某人的吩咐 at table 在进餐 at the table 在桌旁 at the bottom 在底端 at the end (of) 最后，尽头 at the latest 最迟 at the mercy of 在……的支配下 at the head of 在……的前头 at the moment 此刻 at the same time 同时 at work 在工作 laugh at 嘲笑 throw at向……扔去 come / run / jump at 扑向… work hard at 努力工作（学习） By (prep.) by accident偶然地 by air(sea,bus…)乘飞机（乘船，乘车……）by chance = by accident 碰巧，偶然地 by day(night) 在白天（夜晚） day by day 一天天地 by and by 不久 by far得多，最最 learn (know)…by heart 记熟，背诵
高中英语词组固定搭配(打印版)
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