英语语法：六大基本句型扩展
英文六大基本句型的扩展
①主系表
1、she is from America -------- where is she from ?
2、The teacher is beautiful ------- how is the teahcer?
3、The teacher is my mother ------- who is the teacher?
②主谓宾
1、I love you
2、Farmers grow vegetables.
3、Children plant trees
③主谓
1、Spring comes
2、The accident happened
3、She apologized to me again
④主谓宾补
1、He painted the wall white.他把墙漆成白色。
2、We found him an honest person.我们发现他是一个诚实的人。
3、She found the pen on the floor 他发现那支笔在地上
⑤主谓宾宾
1、her father bought her a bicycle
2、The old man is telling the children stories
Her father boutht a bicycle for her
The old man is telling stories to the children
⑥谓主状
There is a teacher in the classroom
通过以上六大句型的分析，我们可以得到一个基本的结论：区别主系表的标志主要是系动词be, 而主谓宾，主谓，主谓宾补，主谓宾宾都有其共同的特点，即动词谓语do;第六个句型是there be 或者there do, 下面我们来研究这些句型的变长：
①主系表句子的扩展：
teacher ----
注意：定语修饰名词，通常由形容词充当，形容词放在名词前面。
classroom 形容词做定语
The girl is in the classroom---- The girl is in the classroom
in the school
学校的二楼的教室里
The girl is in the school in
GuoZhou
注意：英语中除了形容词做定语以外，介词短语也可以做定语，它和形容词做定语放在所修饰的名词前面不同，介词短语放在所修饰的名词的后面。
The girl is a teacher
出现动词、系动词，而且
The girl come from America is a teacher （错误，一句话不能同时出现动词、系动词）
②do句型的扩展：主语+动词（谓语）+宾语+状语（副词）+状语（介词短语）
孩子们种树——children plant tree (什么东西干什么，有动词做标志)
孩子们种美丽的树———children plant beautiful tree （只要出现名词，就可以用形容词或者介词短语加以修饰）
聪明的孩子们种树————the clever children plant tree
------hard 修饰 swim
注意：状语修饰动词，放在所修饰动词的后面，通常有副词或者介词短语充当。
修饰种（介词短
The children plant tree hard in the garden on Sunday ---- in garden 修饰动词
孩子们星期天在花园努力种树
介词短语的状语前置。如：
student read English
孩子们早晨读英语
③there be(do) 句型：谓主状
there is a teacher in the classroom = in the classroom , there is a teacher
正式文体中，某些表示存在、发生、出现、坐落等意义的不及物动词也可以与there连用，如：appear, seem, come, remain, exist, live, stand, lie, arise, enter, follow, occur, rise, grow, happen, belong, arrive, fly, flash, sail, pass, run, spring up, emerge等。如：
1、There exist（are） many ancient temples in the country.
那个国家有很多古老的寺庙。
2、 There lies(is) a small village in the mountain.
山里有个小村子。
3、Once upon a time, there lived(was) an old queer man in the city.
从前，城里住着个怪老头。
4、 There struck me a sudden idea.
突然我有了一个主意。
There be(do) 句型的变长：
--- there in the classroom
---- there is a the classroom
---- there is a in
There lies quietly a small village in the mountain
注意：与主系表句型一样，在There be 句型里，形容词做定语，介词短语也可以做定语，形容词做定语放在所修饰的名词前面，介词短语放在所修饰的名词的后面。
总结：1，首先，把英文的六大句型写完整；2，再加定语和状语；3，定语修饰名词，由形容词和介词短语充当，形容词放在名词的前面，介词短语放在名词的后面；4，状语修饰动词，由副词和介词短语充当，放在所修饰的动词的后面，但是一定要注意：基本句型的基本结构要先写完才能加状语。
学校靠近窗户的桌子上的盒子里有一个日本来的苹果
There is an apple from Japan in the box on the desk near windows in the school
注意：可以状语前置：in the box on the desk near windows in the school ，There is an apple from Japan
注意：An apple is in the box （意思一样，但句式概念不一样，两句话不可替换）
靠近学校的两山之间的树上有一只从南方来的鸟吗？
Is there a bird from the south in the tree between two hill near school ? 海边住着一位老师————there is an old man lives besides the sea （错误，不能同时有is和动词）
——————there is an old man besides the sea(正确) There lives an old man besides the sea (正确)