2005年英语专八真题参考答案
TEM8 (2005)
Part I Section A Mini-lecture
1.basic steps
2.raw materials
3.head/mind
4.facts and opinions
5.report/explain/summarize/paraphrase
6.objective
7.The purpose
8.ask questions/ask yourself questions
9. a manageable size
10.the topic itself
Section B
1-5 CADBD
6-10 BDACB
Part II Reading comprehension
11-15 BDACD
16-20 BDAAC
21-25 ADBBC
26-30 BACBD
Part III General Knowledge
31. _Ottawa ________ is the capital city of Canada.
A) Vancouver B) Ottawa
C) Montreal D) York
加拿大（Canada）领土面积全球第二，经济体制主要依靠自然资源。加拿大政治体制为联邦制、君主立宪制及议会制的国家，加拿大素有“枫叶之国”
的美誉。加拿大是一个移民国家，奉行多元文化。
A．Vancouver:
温哥华，加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部城市，重要港口、贸易、工业和铁路交通中心。
B．Ottawa:
渥太华，加拿大的首都，位于安大略省东南部。
C．Montreal:
蒙特利尔，加拿大魁北克省南部城市，加拿大最大城市和主要港口以及文化、商业和工业中心。
D．York:
约克，英格兰北部自治市/美国宾夕法尼亚州南部城市。
32. U.S. presidents normally serves a (an) ___ four-year ______term.
A) two-year B) four-year
C) six-year D) eight-year
U.S. president: 美国总统：
美国总统（The President of the United States of America）是美利坚合众国的
国家元首、政府首脑与三军统帅，一般被称为Mr. President（总统先生）。美国总统任期4年，可以连任一届。
33. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?（Huston）
A) Huston. B) Boston.
C) Baltimore. D) Philadelphia.
美国：
美利坚合众国（United States of America、United States，简称：America，缩写：USA、US），简称美国，是由50个州、1个联邦直辖特区及20个美属海外领土组成的联邦制共和国。主要领土位于北美洲中部，北与加拿大接壤，南靠墨西哥湾，西临太平洋，东濒大西洋。首都华盛顿哥伦比亚特区，最大城市纽约。
A．Houston:
休斯顿，西北，美国得克萨斯州城市，航天工业中心。
B．Boston:
波士顿，美国马萨诸塞州首府和最大城市。
C．Baltimore:
巴尔的摩，马里兰州北部城市。
D．Philadelphia:
费城，美国宾夕法尼亚州最大的城市，1790年到1800年曾作为美国的首都。34．__The Church of England ______ is the state church in England.
A) The Roman Catholic Church. B) The Baptist Church
C) The Protestant Church D) The Church of England
A．The Roman Catholic Church:
罗马公教会，一种沿用主教等级制且以教皇为首的基督教会。天主教是基督宗教的一个分支。天主教信徒觉得自己的教是耶稣直接任命的。其不使用上帝、神等称呼他们信仰的神，而仅使用天主一词。「公教会」（天主教）一词往往指的是与罗马教宗共融的天主教会。
B．The Baptist Church:
浸信会（又称浸礼会），基督新教主要宗派之一。十七世纪上半叶产生于英国以及在荷兰的英国流亡者中。主张教徒成年后方可受洗，且受洗者须全身浸入水中，称为―浸礼‖。并主张独立自主，反对英国国教和政府对地方教会的干涉。
C．The Protestant Church:
新教（16世纪脱离罗马天主教）是由16世纪宗教改革运动中脱离罗马天主教会的教会和基督徒形成的一系列新宗派的统称。词源来自德语的―Protestanten‖（抗议者），原指1529年罗马帝国举行的帝国议会中的少数反对派，后即以其泛称宗教改革各新教派。
D．The Church of England:
英国国教，英国圣公会英格兰主教派和礼拜仪式的国家教会。英国16世纪亨利八世，因为不满意教皇不批准他和他的西班牙妻子离婚，因为她没有生育，英国王位的继承权可能旁落到其对手西班牙王室的手中，所以在英国发起宗教改革，英国教会脱离罗马教会，英国国王把自己封为教会的最高领导人。
35．The novel Emma is written by （Jane Austen）
A) Mary Shelley. B) Charlotte Bronte.
C) Elizabeth C. Gaskell. D) Jane Austen.
A．Mary Shelley:
雪莱，玛丽·戈德温·沃尔斯顿克拉夫特：(1797-1851) 英国作家，以其哥特式小说《弗朗肯斯坦》，又名《现代的普罗米修斯》Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus (1818)最为著名。
B．Charlotte Bronte:
夏洛蒂·勃朗特（1816-1855）英国作家。夏洛蒂·勃朗特有两个姐姐、两个妹妹和一个弟弟。两个妹妹，即艾米莉·勃朗特和安恩·勃朗特，也是著名作家，因而在英国文学史上常有―勃朗特三姐妹‖之称。1847年，夏洛蒂·勃朗特出版著名的长篇小说《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）。1848年秋到1849年她的弟弟和两个妹妹相继去世。在死亡的阴影和困惑下，她坚持完成了《雪莉》（Shirley）一书，寄托了她对妹妹艾米莉的哀思，并描写了英国早期自发的工人运动。
她另有作品《维莱特》（Villette）和《教师》（The Professor），这两部作品均根据其本人生活经历写成。
Emily Bronte:
艾米莉·勃朗特（1818～1848）英国女作家。夏洛蒂·勃朗特之妹，安妮·勃朗特之姐。《呼啸山庄》Wuthering Heights是她唯一的一部小说，发表于1847年。她们三姐妹的三部小说是同一年问世的。除《呼啸山庄》外，艾米莉还创作了193首诗，被认为是英国一位天才的女作家。
Anne Bronte:
安妮·勃朗特（1820-1849），英国作家，是勃朗特姐妹中的小妹妹。她曾于1846年和姐姐们出过一本诗集。1847年艾米莉的《呼啸山庄》和安妮的第一部带有自传色彩的长篇小说《艾格尼斯·格雷》同时出版。1848年，安妮又出版了她的第二部长篇小说《怀尔德菲尔府的房客》The Tenant of Wildfell Hall。
安妮不幸因结核病恶化而去世，享年仅二十九岁。
C．Elizabeth C. Gaskell:
盖斯凯尔·伊丽莎白·克莱·史蒂文斯(1810-1865)，英国作家，因其《夏洛蒂·勃朗特的一生》Life of Charlotte Bront?（1857年）和描述英格兰工人19世纪的反抗运动的小说而闻名。
D．Jane Austen:
简·奥斯汀（1775－1817），英国小说家，世界文学史上最具影响力的女性文学家之一，其最著名的作品是《傲慢与偏见》Pride and Prejudice和《理智与情感》Sense and Sensibility，以细致入微的观察和活泼风趣的文字著称。奥斯汀的作品比较接近新古典主义风格。《爱玛》(Emma, 1815) 与《劝导》(Persuasion, 1818) 写于十九世纪，算是后期作品。
36. Which of following is NOT a romantic poet? （George Elliot）
A) William Wordsworth. B) George Elliot.
C) George G. Byron. D) Percy B. Shelley.
A．William Wordsworth:
威廉·华兹华斯（1770－1850），英国浪漫主义诗人，与雪莱、拜伦齐名，代表作有与塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治合著的《抒情歌谣集》（Lyrical Ballads）、长诗《序曲》（Prelude）、《漫游》（Excursion）。曾当上桂冠诗人。B．George Eliot:
乔治?艾略特（1819－1880），英国小说家，与狄更斯和萨克雷齐名。其主要作品有《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》(The Mill on the Floss,1860)，《织工马南传》(Silas Marner,1861)、《亚当·比德》(Adam Bede,1859)等。
C．George G. Byron:
乔治·戈登·拜伦：(1788-1824) 英国诗人，被公认为是浪漫主义运动的先驱。那象征着孤独、反抗和沉思的“拜伦式英雄”的形象最早出现在《曼弗雷德》Manfred （1817年）里。他的其它著作有《查尔德·哈洛尔德游记》Childe Harold（1812至1818年）、《希永的囚徒》The Prisoner of Chillon （1816年）以及讽刺长诗《唐璜》Don Juan（1819至1824年）。D．Percy B. Shelley:
珀西·比西·雪莱（1792-1822）英国浪漫诗人，作品有: "Ode to the West Wind"
―西风颂‖。雪莱是英国空想社会主义色彩最浓的浪漫主义诗人。1813年，雪莱发表第一首著名的长诗《麦布女王》（Queen Mab），反映了作者对宗教和私有制的谴责和变革社会的愿望。长诗《伊斯兰的反叛》（The Revolt of Islam）抨击了专制暴政对人民的压迫和血腥屠杀，歌颂了革命者的反封建斗争。诗剧《解放了的普罗米修斯》（Prometheus Unbound）（1819）是雪莱的代表作。
37. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for （his short stories）.
A) his poems B) his plays
C) his short stories D) his novels
O. Henry:
欧·亨利是其笔名，原名为威廉·西德尼·波特(William Sydney Porter)。美国著名批判现实主义作家，世界三大短篇小说大师之一。他的作品语言诙谐，结局常常出人意外，代表作有小说集《白菜与国王》The cabbages and kings等。
其中一些名篇如《警察与赞美诗》The Cop and the Anthem、《贤人的礼物》The Gift of the Magi、《最后一片藤叶》"The Last Leaf等使他获得了世界声誉。
38. Syntax is the study of （sentence structures）.
A) language functions B) sentence structures
C) textual organization D) word formation
Syntax:
句法：研究词或其它句了成分如何联合起来形成合乎语法的句子规则的学科。
A．language function:
语言功能。韩礼德创建的系统功能语言学中，语言用于形成大脑中对内外部世界的基本概念（概念功能ideational function），与他人进行互动（人际功能interpersonal function），使语言运用者的信息连结成一个有机的整体，以达到有效的交际目的（语篇功能contextual function）。
B．sentence structures:
句子结构
C．textual organization:
篇章结构是指通过语法手法、逻辑手法、修辞手法等将文章各个部分连接成为一个有机的整体。把握篇章结构,就能科学地揭示各段、各意群之间的关系,从而确立主题。
D．Word-formation:
构词, 构词就是语素构成词语的方法。构词学（Morphology）是语言学的一个分支，研究文字的内部结构和其形成方式。
39. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?
A) Arbitrariness. B) Productivity.
C) Cultural transmission. D) Finiteness.
A．Arbitrariness:
任意性，任意性是就语言符号的音与义的相互关系来说的，即音、义的结合是由现实现象的性质决定的，它们之间有没有必然的联系。B．Productivity:
能产性，人类语言具有能产性,任何人都可以说出或听懂无数他从未经历过的话语,但是这种能产性是受规则支配的,而人类具有这种语言的创造力。C．Cultural transmission:文化传递
D．Finiteness:
有限性，语言是由有限的语言单位及其规则构成的有限集合。人们可以利用这些有限的单位和规则造出无限的句子，进而“随心所欲”地表达自己的意思。
40. The speech act theory was first put forward by （John Austin）.
A) John Searle. B) John Austin.
C) Noam Chomsky. D) M.A.K. Halliday.
Speech act theory:
言语行为理论，指交际时作为一个功能性单位的语句的理论。它最初是由英国哲学家约翰。奥斯汀在20世纪50年代提出的。根据言语行为理论，我们说话的同时是在实施某种行为。说话者说话时可能同时实施三种行为：言内行为，言外行为和言后行为。言内行为（Locutionary Act）是通过句法、词汇和音位来表达字面意义。言外行为（Illocutionary Act）是表达说话者的意图。言后行为（Perlocutionary Act）是话语所产生的后果。
A．John Searle:
约翰·塞尔1932-是当今世界著名的心智与语言哲学家。在批判和继承奥斯汀(John L. Austin 1911-1960)提出的―以言行事‖概念的基础上，塞尔创立了较为清晰完整的言语行为理论。
B．John Austin:
言语行为理论是语言语用研究中的一个重要理论。它最初是由英国哲学家约翰.奥斯汀在20世纪50年代提出的。根据言语行为理论，我们说话时可能同时实施三种行为：言内行为，言外行为和言后行为。
C．Noam Chomsky:
转换生成语法（Transformational-generative grammar，简称TG）是美国语言学家乔姆斯基提出的一个描述语法的一个术语。简单的说，转换-生成语法理论研究的是人类为什么会说话以及如何了解新的句子。
D．Halliday:
functional grammar功能语法由英国语言学家韩礼德（Halliday）在50年代末创立的。韩礼德认为语言有三种基本功能：概念功能（ideational metafunction）、交际功能（interpersonal metafunction）和语篇功能(textual metafunction)。这三种功能分别与及物性（transitivity）系统、语气（mood）
系统和主位（theme）系统相联系。
Part IV PROOFREADING
1. invested
2. irrespective of
3. that of business
4. the fact that
5. in school
6. poorer
7. the ways in which
8. eliminating
9. reduce
10. on – to
Part V Translation
Chinese to English
How significant can one’s life be? Is there a criterion which we can use to judge it? Of course, it is difficult to come up with an absolute criterion. However, if we generally look at whether he is serious about life, and how he treats his work and life, it will not be difficult to make a proper judgment about the significance of his existence. Throughout history, all the people with great achievements treated their lives seriously. While they were alive, they always tried to do more work and study，and never dreamed away their lives nor wasted their time. The same is true of the Chinese working people through the ages as well as the great politicians and thinkers. English to Chinese
然而，很少有人从书中去了解读书可以给予我们什么。通常，我们开始读书时，思绪不清，概念模糊。我们要求小说应该真实，诗歌应该虚构，传记应该赞颂，史书应该展示我们的各种见解。如果读书时能够抛弃所有这些先入之见，那将是一个值得赞赏的开端。不要试图左右作者的观点，我们应该努力去适应他，与他合作，成为他的伙伴。如果一开始你就犹豫不决，心中存疑，或是横加指责，你只会阻碍自己从所读的书中获取最大的价值。相反，如果你尽可能敞开心扉，你就能从几乎难以察觉的细微处和曲折起伏最初的语句中捕捉到迹象和线索，从而直面一位不同寻常的人。
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH
Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。
古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽
量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Translate the following underlined part of the text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.
Part VI Writing
Interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees. As a result, there have been many arguments for or against the interview as a selection procedure. What is your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words to state your view. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.
Interview as a Selection Procedure
Interview is a formal meeting at which you are asked questions in order to find out whether you are suitable for a job, course of study etc. Job interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees. As a result, people have different opinions about it. From my point of view, interview is a very important and indispensable selection procedure. My arguments are listed as follows.
The main reason for my arguments is that ……
Another reason that can be seen is that ……
In short, ……. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that …….
专升本英语真题及答案解析11
2019年安徽省普通高校专升本招生考试试题 英语 注意事项： 1.试卷共8页，请用黑色签字笔答题，答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。 2.答题前请将答题纸上密封线内的项目填写完整。 PartI Vocabulary and Structure(1point each;30point in all) Directions:There are30incomplete sentences.You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the four choices marked A,B,C and D,and then write the write the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet. 1.—Hello,____Kate？ —Yes,speaking. A.is this B.is that C.are you D.is it 2.By the time I got home,my mother____to bed. A.went B.was getting C.had gone D.has gone 3____everything____，it was not a bad holiday. A.brining--into effects B.learning--by heart C.petting--into practice D.taking--into account 4.When waiting at a bus stop for a long time,most people often look____and asleep. A.bored B.surprised C.excited D.amused 5.____the effective method,I answered all the questions correctly. A.Thanks to B.In case of C.As well as D.Apart from 6.If you are like most people,your intelligence____from season to season. A.turns B.change C.varies D.ranges 7.No cream hot me,thanks.I am____a diet. A.in B.on C.from D.off 8.____really worries George is that his parents expect too much of him. A.What B.This C.Whichever D.It 9.Mary loves Jazz,and she has played____for years. A.piano B.a piano C.one piano D.the piano 10.Ted made up has mind soon and accepted the invitation____. A.without hesitation B.without doubt C.without understanding D.without exception 11.It is good manners____help to others when they are in need. A.to obtain B.obtaining C.to offer D.offering 12.____you've grown your favorite flowers,the following job is to take care.
2009年英语专业八级真题附答案
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2019年英语专业八级真题听力 Interview(1)
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