重点高中情态动词讲解
重点高中情态动词讲解
作者：日期：
情态动词专项讲解
1. China is developing its high-speed train technology fast, so it ___ be good enough to catch up with the best.
A. may
B. might
C. must
D. should 2. Then some other interesting reasons appear, such as “ It's so smoggy that I _____ find my way to office." A. mustn 't B. won 't
C. can 't
D. shouldn 't
3. "The world is big, and I want to see it," wrote a teacher in her resignation letter. __ you quit your job to travel
the world?
A. Must
B. Might
C. Should
D. Would 【答案揭晓】 CCD
一、情态动词的定义 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形或其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩， 表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能 .应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。
1. No driving electric motorbikes in some areas is a rule that we shall
必须 .一定（法律 .法规等）
动词原形
2. Women who are exposed to second-hand smoke during their pregnancy can 可以 （表示有能力或机会 ） 动词原形 二、常考情态动词的关键用法 （一 ） can
1. － Jim ， it is time you went to bed ．You need to get up early tomorrow.
－ It ' s not fa ，ir Mary can stay up till ten hut I have to go to bed at eight. 可以 （表示允许 ）
2.If it were not for the fact that she can't sing ， I would invite her to the party. 能，会，可以 （表示有能力 ）
3. Luckily, iron can be reworked and mistakes don't have to be thrown away 能够，可以 （表示某事物的特点 ）
4. Peter can be really difficult to get along with at times even though he ' s a nice person in general. 有可能 ;有时会
5. I cannot choose but to go.
不能，无法 （用于否定句，表示情况不允许 ） 6.I cannot thank you enough,it has been a wonderful day.
再 ... 也不为过 （ 也可以用 can never/hardly . t oo much ） 7. —Is Jack on duty today? —It can't be him.It 's his turn tomorrow.
不可能 （can 可用于否定句 /疑问句中表猜测，此句表对现在的猜测 ） 8. — Can he have been chosen as captain of the football team? —Yes, he must have.
可能 （ can 可用于否定句 /疑问句中表猜测， can have done 表示对过去的猜测猜测） 9. This old lady was struggling out of the train and I said, 'Oh, can I help you?' 能 （ 通常用于疑问句，表示建议或提议帮忙 ） 10. Can you just lift the table for a second?
（ 用于疑问句时 ,can 表示礼貌的请求，而 can't 表示强烈请求） （ 二 ） could
obey in Fuzhou.
be at risk of abortion. 能，会，
1.For my return journey, I felt I could afford the extra and travel first class 能; 会（表示发生在过去的能力）
2.–I feel bored with nothing interesting to do.
--You could watch TV. There will be a very good Hollywood film on this evening. 可以（表示提议或建议）
3.–Could I have a look? --Of course you can.
表许可（委婉的语气用could ，回答时用can）
4.An improvement in living standards could be years away. 可能（表示某事可能属实或可能发生，对将来或者现在发生事情的肯定猜测）
5.When the ship sailed out from Thailand, the 16 sailors on board couldn't have thought_ that only half of 可能（could have done ，只用于否定句和疑问句中，表示对过去发生事情的猜测）
them would return again. 高.考.资.源.网
6.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
（could have done 用于肯定句中，表虚拟语气，表示过去本有可能发生的事情但却并未发生，不能使用
can't have done 的形式）
（三）be able to
1.Even if standardized tests like the SAT could show a stude nt ' s academic proficien（cy学业水平）,they will never be able to test things like confidence, efforts and willpowe r, and are unable to give us the full picture of a student potentialities （潜力）
【解析】be able to 解释为“能够” ，有各种时态的形式。
注：can 和be able to 都可以表示能力.can 泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即:can, could．be able to 则主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be 发生变化，所以形式比can 多．可以说：I can swim. I am able to swim.
但是不能说：All the people could escape from the big fire in time. 只能说：All the people were able to escape from the fire in time.
（四） may
1.Every one of us may plant a tree in the school, or organize a thorough cleaning on the campus. 可以（表许可）
2.（1）Some people who don 't like to talk much are not necessarily；shthyey may just be quiet people. 有可能，也许（may 表猜测，用于肯定或否定句中，此例表示对现在某种情况的猜测）
（2）You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers may not like the design of the furniture. 也许，可能（may 表猜测，用于肯定或否定句中，may not 为“可能不”的意思）
（3）I can 't find my purse anywhere. —You may have lost it while shopping.
（may 表猜测，may have done 表示对过去或者现现在已经完成的动作的肯定猜测）
3.May God bless you!
祝;但愿
（五） might
1.I was wondering if I might ask you a favor? 可不可以，能否（用于礼貌地打断别人.提出问题.做出请求或引出接下来要说的话）
2.—Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? —Sorry ，I am not sure.But it might be.
可能（表不是很有把握的猜测，语气比may 弱）
3.—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
—You might have put it in the wrong place.
（might 表猜测，might have done 则表示对过去或者现已完成的动作的肯定猜测=may have done）
4.I told your friend how to get to the hotel ，but perhaps I might have driven her there.
（此处，might have done 表虚拟语气，意为“过去原本可能/可以做到的事而未做” ）
5.This holiday isn ' t much fun; we\ m aigyh ats well be back home.
只好（做）;（做?）也无妨
（六） will
1.The low test score, they think, will make it impossible for them to get into a good college. 将（表示将来）
2.You will carry out these instructions and report back into this afternoon.
（表示将来的正式安排）
3.He will become her senior adviser--- her deputy, if you will.
愿意
4.Anyone, answer the phone? --------- I will.
临时的决定
5.Mary will sit for hours reading.
The window will not open, however hard he tries.
表现在经常反复的动作或者趋向
6.Man will die without air.
表必然性
（七） would
1.John promised his doctor he would not smoke ，and he has never smoked ever since.
（will 的过去式，用于转述）将
2.Hurry up! It would be a shame to miss the beginning of the play.
She'd be a fool to accept it. 将，将会（表示判断或看法）
3.She wouldn 't change it even though she knew it was wrong. 不愿（表示意愿）
4.When he had a problem to solve ，he would work at it until he found an answer. 常常（表示过
去的习惯）
She would be always the first to offer to help.
The car wouldn 't start this morning.
老是，总是（表趋向）
（八） shall
1.We/I shall call you back this afternoon.
（表将来用于No.1 人称）
2.--- Has Mr. Tom White arrived? --- Yes, already. Shall he wait outside or just come in?
（shall 用在疑问句中，且主语为No.1/No.3 人称，表示征求对方意见）
3.（1）—What does the sign over there read?
—“ No person shall smkoe or carry a lighted cigarette ，cigar or pipe in this area. ”
（2）“The interest hsall be divided into five parts ，according to the agreement made by both
declared the sides ，
judge.
（3） You shall get the answer tomorrow.
（4） They shall not be allowed in after 11 p.m.
（shall 用在陈述句中，且主语为 No.2/No.3 人称时，表示允诺、命令、警告、决心或规定 ） （九 ） should/ought to 1. — I think I ' ll give Bob a rin —g. You should. You haven ' t been in touch with him for ages. 应该 ;应当
2. （1） — Margaret should not stay at home all day long in front of the TV . 应该，必须 （表示给出指示或公布官方命令 ）
（2） — That' s right ． She ought to go to the fitness center with us.
应该，必须
3. There should not be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot . 应该，可能 （ 表示预期或可能性 ）
4.If you should be fired, your health and pension benefits will not be automatically cut off 将要，假定要 （用在虚拟条件从句中表示事件发生的可能性 ）
5.I insisted that we should have a look at every car 应该 （用在某些动词、名词之后 that 引导的虚拟语气从句中 ）
6. It 's surprising/strange that he should be a thief.
竟然 （用在某些 adj./n. 之后 that 引导的虚拟语气中）
7. — I ' ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. — You should have told her last week. （should have done=ought to have done ， 表示本应该做的事而未做 ） 8. You oughtn ' t to have been late for yesterday '，Sas c ilta wssa sm seoe tiimngportant ．
（ought not to have done=should not have done ，表示过去本不该做的事却做了 ） 注： ought to 与 should 的用法区别如下
1. 一般说来，两者可替换，只是 ought to 语气稍重。如： You ought to/should go and see Mary. 你应该去看看玛丽。
2. 表示出于法令规则、行为准则、道德责任等客观情况而 若用 should 则强调个人意见、主观看法。
如： We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don 明
天我们按理应该去看看玛丽，但是我认为我们去不了。
3. 在公告、须知或条例中，出于礼貌，常用 should. 如：
You should not run alongside the swimming-pool. 不准在游泳池边奔跑 （十 ） must/ have to
1.— It ' s the office! So you must know eating is not allowed here. — Oh, sorry. 必须，应当 （通常因为规定或法律 ）
2. In crowded places like airports and railway stations ， you must take care of your luggage. 务必，一定要 （用于表示建议或邀请 ）
John ， look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour? 偏偏，非要 （ 用于问句中表示生气 ） 4. Tom ，you mustn't leave all your clothes on the floor like this! 一定不要
—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? — She_must be_in the classroom. I saw her there just now. 很可能是，想必是，肯定是 （must 表猜测，只用于肯定句中，此句是对现在的猜测 ）
“应该 ”做某事时，一般
应用 t think we will.
（此句不宜用 should ）。 ought to ，
—Guess what？I have got A for my term paper.
—Great!You must have read widely and put a lot of work into it.
（must have done 表示据已知情况对过去情况进行肯定的推测，只用于肯定句中）
Some aspects of a pilot ' s job can ，bea bnodr ipniglots often have to work at inconvenient hours.
必须，不得不
—What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
—You don ' t have to daon ything except to be with them and be yourself. 不必
【解析】have to 和must
1）两词都是'必须'的意思，have to 表示客观的需要，must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）
He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）
2）have to 有人称.数.时态的变化，而must 只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。He had to look after his sister yesterday.
3）在否定结构中：don't have to 表示"不必" mustn't 表示"禁止"，
You don't have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。
You mustn't tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。
（十一） need/ dare
1. —What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?
—Well ，it need not be big —that ' s not important. 必要（need 作为情态动词只用于否定句和疑问句中）2. —Catherine，I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks.You needn ' t vhea done it.I could manage it myself.
（needn't have done 表示过去本不必做的事却做了）
3.I dare say you are British but you still need a passport to prove it. 可能，大概;想必，我想【固定搭配】
4.The goverment dare not raise interest rates again.
敢（dare 作为情态动词只用于否定句和疑问句中）
5.How dare you talk to me like that?
竟敢（dare作为情态动词只用于否定句和疑问句中）
【解析】1.need/dare作情态动词无人称或数的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中，但I dare say
例外。
2.need 作为行为动词有人称和数的变化，后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to 的动词不定式；可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中。
如：（1）She needs help.她需要帮助。
（2）---Do I need to go at once? 我需要马上走吗？区别Need I go at once?--- Yes, you must. / No, you needn 't. （3）It was Sunday and she didn 't need to go to work. So she stayed at home. （后加to，实义动词）She needn't have gone to work that day. She could have stayed at home. （后加原形，情态动词）
3.dare用作实义动词，其后可带动词不定式，否定句中也可带省to 不定式，且有人称和数以及时态的变化。
例如：（1） I dare to jump down from the top of the wall. 我敢从那墙头上跳下来。
（2） She doesn't/didn 't dare （to） meet her teacher's eyes. 她不敢与老师对视。
三、情态动词重点用法小结
表示猜测（可能性）
注】对现在或者将来可能发生事情的猜测的结构为：must/should/ought to/can 't/could/may/might + V （原形）对过去可能发生事情的猜测的结构为：must/ can't/couldn 't/may/might + have V-ed
例如：He may/might/must/should be on his way home now.（现在） I didn 't hear the phone. I must have been asleep.（过去）
情态动词+have done
情态动词解题技巧 关键词：一情，二境，三时
(1) 认真审题，结合所给出的语境，正确把握说话者的语气 .情感 .态度.观点等。 (2) 认真思考所给选项中情态动词的基本特征和用法，并结合语境推敲答案。
(3) 要注意把握时间概念。
例如：
Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don ' t think we __________ it without you.
过去 “(要)没你”
A. can manage
B. could have managed
C. could manage
D. can have managed 根据题干中所给出的时间
last week 可知我们已经做完了工作， 已经完成， 故排除 A.C 两项，再结合 could (not) have done 表示猜
测可知说话者想表达的意思是：要没你，我们不可能完成这项工作。故答案为 B 项。 情态动词经典考题
1.. I ___ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house. A. couldn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't
2.. I ' m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___in fd the money. A. can B. might C. would D. need
3.. We _______ the difficulty together, but why didn ' t you tell me?
A. should face
B. might face
C. could have faced
D. must have faced 4.. The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol. A. wouldn't B. needn't
C. won't
D. mustn't 5.. It ' s quite warm here; we ________________ turn the heating on yet.
A. couldn ' t
B. mustn ' t
C. needn ' t
D. wouldn 't
6.. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________ say where he was. A. mustn ' t B. shouldn ' t C. wouldn ' t D. mightn ' t
7.. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _________ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A. have had
B. had had
C. have
D. had
A. might
B. could
C. shall 9.. I ______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
11.. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said
“Ni Hao ” just as I ___ do in China. A. must B. might
C. can
D. should
12.We
have bought so much food now that Suzie won
' t be with us for dinner.
A ．may not
B ．needn ' t
C ．can 't
D ． mustn 't
13.There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. It ___a comfortable journey. A.can
' t be B.shouldn ' t be C.mustn ' t have been D.couldn ' t have been 14.It ' s nearly seven o ' clock , Jacbke here at any
moment.
A.must
B.need
C.should
D.can 15.We
last night , but we went to the concert instead.
A.must have studied
B.might study
C.should have studied
D.would study
8.. One of our rules is that every student
wear school uniform while at school. D. will
A. won ' t
B. can ' t 10. — ________ you interrupt now? Can
— Sorry Sir, but it ' s urgent.
A. Can
B. Should
C. can
D. will
't you see I 'm on the phone? C. Must D. Would
参考答案：DACDC CDCBC BBDCC
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最新情态动词专项练习题及答案详解 一、单项选择情态动词 1．—Daddy, would you please buy me an iPhoneX? —If you can pass this midterm examination, you __________ have one as a reward. A．must B．need C．would D．shall 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：爸爸，你可以给我买部iPhone X吗？--如果你通过考试，你就会得到一部作为奖励。A. must一定；B. need必要；C. would将，会；D. shall会。根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。 【点睛】 shall的用法。 1. shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。shall后面接动词原形。例如： （1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。 （2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。 2. shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening? 3. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital? 4. shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告） He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）He shall be punished. （威胁） 比如本题，根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。 2．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week. A．need have practised B．might practise C．must have practised D．could practise 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。 3．Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he ________ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless. A．should B．could
高中英语情态动词的用法详解
高中英语情态动词用法归纳与练习 A: can / could = be able to 1 表示能力两种时态can (could)，其他时态要用be able to的形式 He can speak French. Was/were able to 可以表示成功做成某事的含义* managed to do / succeeded i n doing With our help, he was able to build the house. 2 表示请求或许可Could 比Can 更加客气* may Can I go now? Yes, you can. 3 表示推测或可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句 Can he be at school? Today is Sunday. He can't be at school. Can’t couldn’t/ Can ? Could? have done There is no light in the room. Can she have gone to bed? She can’t have gone to school----- it’s Sunda y. Could have done 可用在肯定句中表示过去存在的可能性* may have done She could have gone out with some friends yesterday. Could have done 可以表示虚拟语气 某事可能发生（并没有发生） It was silly to throw the TV out of the window. It could have hit somebody. 批评某人没有完成某事(本可以做某事) You are late again. You could have got up earlier. 4 can 表示客观上的可能性* Anybody can make mistakes. B: may and might 1 表示请求和允许类似用法can could(更加口语化) May I watch TV now? Yes, you may. 2 表示可能性; 猜测might比may更加不确定may/might have done 对过去的揣测* He may be busy these days. May not 可能不；不可能；一定不可 3 表示祝愿Wish you success! May you succeed!* C: must and have to 1 表示必须；一定要可以用have to 代替 must 现在；将来的必须而且是主观看法* have to 有多种时态而且强调客观情况 I really must stop smoking now. I had to leave early because I wasn’t feeling well. Must I come here?
情态动词的归纳
情态动词的归纳 一、单项选择情态动词 1．Students ____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected according to the regulation. A．would B．shall C．will D．could 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：学生们必须呆在自己的座位上，直到所有的试卷都被收回。根据句意，“学生们呆在自己的座位上”是一项规定。shall 可表示某种规定或义务，用于第二、三人称的句子中。而其他情态动词无此用法。故正确答案为B。 2．He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he ________ be quite charming when he wishes. A．shall B．should C．can D．must 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。 3．— Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window? — Well, if you __________. I can put on more clothes. A．can B．may C．must D．shall 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：-不好意思，我把窗户打开你介意吗?- 好吧，如果你必须这么做的话。我可以多穿点衣服。A. can能够；B. may可能；C. must一定；必须；D. shall会；将。must表示偏要，必须要做的事情，故选C。 4．---He was satisfied with the result, wasn't he? ---No. It was so difficult that he __________have passed it. A．shouldn't B．mustn't C．couldn' t D．wouldn't 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
情态动词 知识讲解
情态动词 【概念引入】 1）情态动词表示说话人对所做动作的观点或态度。如：需要、可能、意愿、怀疑等。 例如：I must go now.我现在必须得走了。 2）情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化，但是个别情态动词有时态的变化。 例如：can的过去式是could。 3）情态动词不能单独作谓语，后接动词原形共同做谓语。 例如：I can swim.我会游泳。 4）常见的情态动词有：can, may, must, have to, should, would等。 5）情态动词一般不止一个意思，它的否定式是在情态动词的后面加not，一般疑问句是将情态动词提到句首。 例如：I can’t speak French.我不会说法语。 Can you speak English？你会说英语吗？ 【用法讲解】 1.can的用法。 1）表能力 We can do our homework by ourselves.我们可以自己完成作业。 He can swim well.他游泳很好。 I can play football but I can’t play the piano.我会踢足球但是我不会弹钢琴。 2）表xx You can watch TV after supper.晚饭后你可以看电视。
You can’t play basketball in the street.你不能在街上打篮球。 3）表请求 Can you help me with my math?你能帮我学数学吗？ Could you lend your book to me?你能把你的书借给我吗？ 注意：could 是can的过去式，但是这里并不表示过去时，而是表示委婉语气。 拓展：can 和be able to的区别 （1）情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could，而be able to有多种时态形式。在一般过去时中都表示能够时，两者可以互换。 例如：Mary can play the piano.（一般现在时） xx会弹钢琴。 She could / was able to play the piano when she was five.（一般过去时）她五岁时就会弹琴。 She has been able to play it since she was five.（现在完成时） 她自从五岁起就会弹琴了。 （2）用在过去时中，could经常表示能够做某事，事实上不一定去做，而was ?were able to则表示“过去设法做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。 例如：He could swim across the English Channel. But he didn’t want to do it that day.他能游过英吉利海峡，但那天他不想游。 Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. 昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。 4）表示“不可能……”
(完整word版)高中英语情态动词详细讲解及例句
一、情态动词无人称和数的变化，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词或状态动词构成谓语 二、情态动词分为：情态助动词：can(could)、may(might)、must、have to (had to )、ought to 、 shall(should)、will(would) 12个 半情态助动词：dare、need、used to、had better、would better(5个) 三、情态助动词 1.can and could 1)ability：be able to do /manage to do/succeed in doing sth. eg.The army can defeat their enemy. eg.The army is able to defeat their enemy. eg.The army succeed in defeating their enemy. 2)permission:eg.Can I smoke here? eg.You can’t smoke here. 3)possibility:用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中- eg.This can’t be done by him. 当被用在肯定句中时，表达的是理论上的可能性，不涉及是否真的会发生 eg.even expert drives can make mistakes. 要表达现在或者将来的可能性，用may /might或could. eg.I may leave for Beijing next month. 但在特殊疑问句中，或与副词hardly、only等连用的陈述句中表达可能 性只用can/could Eg.where can the noise be coming from? eg.It can hardly be the postman,he comes only in the morning. 4)有时会：the road can be blocked. 5)could 表示轻微的怀疑或委婉的看法 I’m sorry I couldn’t lend you the book now. His story could be true,but I hardly think it is. 6)could 表示委婉的请求，主要用于疑问句，不用于肯定句 Could you lend me some money? Yes,I can /No,I am afraid not. 7)could 的常用结构：could+动词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了” It couldn’t be better. Couldn’t +过去分词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了” They couldn’t have tried harder to make me eel welcome. Can’t..too..=can never too“无论怎样...也不为过,越...越好” I can’t thank you too much.I owe my progress to you. Can’t (help/choose) but do/can but +动词原形“不得不，只好” We can but agree with him. Can’t help doing 忍不住，不得不 I can’t help laughing Can’t be (it) 控制不住，没有办法 It can’t be helped Can’t....without 没有...就不能 One can’t succeed without perseverance.