英语八年级英语下册阅读理解经典

一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读理解

Climbing Mount Qomolangma, the World's highest mountain, has now become more difficult. The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of garbage. That's the average amount of garbage a climber leaves behind on Mount Qomolangma. Climbers would leave garbage along the way. This helps climbers keep their bags light, so they would have energy to reach the summit. The garbage problem in Mount Qomolangma is not new. In 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.

The new rule came into effect in April of 2014. To make sure it is followed, climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climb the mountain. When they climb back down the mountain, the officials will check them to make sure they bring down the 18 pounds of garbage. If they do, their money will be given back to them. If not, climbers won't get their money back. Also, the officials won't let these people climb the mountain again.

（1）The government of Nepal asks climbers of Mount Qomolangma to .

A. take fewer things to the top of the mountain

B. bring at least 18 pounds of food with them

C. bring down the garbage left by other climbers

D. bring down at least 18 pounds of garbage when they come down the mountain

（2）Why do climbers leave garbage along the way?

A. Because they want to leave some food for others.

B. Because the garbage can help others find them.

C. Because they want to keep their bags light.

D. Because the garbage can show them how to come down.

（3）How much garbage was brought down Mount Qomolangma in 2013?

A. 4 tons.

B. 8 tons.

C. 14 tons.

D. 18 tons.

（4）Now the climbers have to before they climb Mount Qomolangma.

A. hand in some money to the officials

B. leave plastic bags behind them

C. tell the officials when they will come down

D. tell the officials how many bags they will bring

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了爬珠穆朗玛峰的登山者下山时应该至少带回18英镑的垃圾。（1）细节题。根据The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of garbage.可知登山者下山时应该带至少18英镑的垃圾，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据Climbers would leave garbage along the way. This helps climbers keep their bags light可知登山者把垃圾留在沿路，目的是帮助保持他们的包轻快，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据In 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.可知在2013年，登山者把4吨垃圾带下山，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climb the mountain.可知登山者在他们爬山前上交一些钱给官员，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

2．阅读理解

An old man was fishing in the bank of a river. A girl came to see him fishing. The old man was really good at fishing and it didn't take long for him to catch a full basket of fish. The old man saw that the girl was very cute, and he wanted to give her a whole basket of fish. But the girl shook her head. The old man was surprised and asked "Why don't you want the fish?"

The girl replied, "I want the fishing rod（竿）in your hands.”

The old man asked, "Why do you want the rod?"

"It doesn't take long to eat all the fish in a basket. But if I have the fishing rod, I can go fishing by myself and I won't be afraid of not having any more fish to eat."

I think you will certainly say that the girl is very smart. Wrong! If she doesn't know how to fish, she can not have fish to eat, even though she has the fishing rod. It's useless to only have a fishing rod. Fishing skills are the most important, not the fishing rod.

Too many people think that if they have a "fishing rod" in their life, they will no longer fear the wind and rain. They are just like the girl, who thought that if she had a fishing rod, she would have fish to eat.

（1）The old man was fishing on the bank of a .

A. river

B. lake

C. pool

D. sea

（2）Why did the girl refuse the fish the old man gave her?

A. Because she didn't like fish.

B. Because she wanted the old man's fishing rod.

C. Because the old man had few fish.

D. Because she didn't like the old man.

（3）The writer thought the girl was after she explained why she didn't want the fish. A. smart B. hard-working C. silly D. lazy

（4）What is the best title for the article?

A. The Fish.

B. The Fishing Man.

C. The Fishing Girl.

D. Learn to Fish.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】这篇短文给我们讲述的是老人在河边钓鱼, 一个女孩在一边观看。女孩拒绝老人给她的鱼反而要老人的鱼竿，女孩认为有了鱼竿就会自己钓鱼吃。作者认为她很傻，因为钓鱼技巧是最重要的而不是鱼竿。

（1）细节理解题。根据短文中An old man was fishing in the bank of river.可知老人在河边钓

鱼。故选A。

（2）细节理解题根据The girl replied, "I want the fishing rod（竿）in your hands."可知女孩拒绝鱼，是想要鱼竿，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据Wrong! If she doesn't know how to fish, she cannot have fish to eat, even though she has the fishing rod.可知作者认为女孩是傻的，故选C。

（4）题目归纳题。根据Fishing skills are the most important, not the fishing rod.钓鱼技巧是最重要的而不是鱼竿。可知短文讲的是学会钓鱼，故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。阅读短文，理解短文大意。分析问题，弄清题意。带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的语句，确定问题答案。对于题目归纳题，要根据文章的主要内容确定。

3．根据短文内容判断正误。

Do you have any hobbies? If students don't have any interests except school work, they may be bored people. And that can influence their studies.

Studying without relaxing isn't good for health. We can't get good grades if we have bad health. We should make use of our free time. We should do what we like. Some people like singing, taking, photos and drawing pictures. Others prefer collecting stamps, reading or shopping.

David is a middle school student. He has a few hobbies, but his favourite one is collecting stamps.

He likes it best because he can learn a lot from the stamps. Some people collect stamps because they can make money from the stamps. But he is just interested in collecting them and enjoys looking at them when he is free.

（1）Studying without relaxing is good for health.

（2）David studies in a middle school.

（3）David likes collecting stamps best.

（4）Some people collect stamps for money.

（5）David enjoys looking at his stamps when he is busy.

【答案】（1）0

（2）1

（3）1

（4）1

（5）0

【解析】【分析】文章大意：学生应该有兴趣爱好，如果除了学习而没有兴趣爱好，生活将会变的无聊。爱好会影响到学习，没有放松的学习对健康没有好处，没有好的健康，我们就不可能获得好成绩。我们应该利用好我们的业余时间，发展自己的爱好。大卫是个有着很多爱好的中学生。最喜欢集邮。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Studying without relaxing isn't good for health. 可知，没有放松的学习对健康不好，因此本句叙述错误，故答案是错误。

（2）细节理解题，根据 David is a middle school student. 可知大卫在一所中学学习，故答案是正确。

（3）细节理解题，根据 his favourite one is collecting stamps. 可知大卫最喜欢集邮，故答案是正确。

（4）细节理解题，根据 Some people collect stamps because they can make money from the stamps. 可知，有人集邮是为了赚钱，故答案是正确。

（5）细节理解题，根据 . But he is just interested in collecting them and enjoys looking at them when he is free. 可知，当大卫有空了的时候，他很喜欢看这些邮票，而不是忙的时候，因此本句的叙述错误，故答案是错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了正误判断，正误判断是细节理解中的一种，也是根据短文内容进行正误判定。

4．阅读理解

Sally Ride was born in California in 1951. She was the first American woman to travel into space. She loved to play tennis and wanted to be a tennis player when she was young. But after three months' professional（专业的）training, she changed her mind. She went to Stanford University and started to study science. She studied stars and planets. She did researches at the university and got her PhD in astrophysics（天体物理学博士学位）after several years' hard work.

In 1977, she took a test to become an astronaut. And then she was picked up from over 8, 000 people. In order to realize her dream of going into space, she had to get different kinds of special and difficult training. She learned how to fly a plane, how to jump out of a plane as well as how to operate（操作）special machines.

Sally and four other astronauts flew a spaceship called Challenger on Jun. 18, 1983. She became the first American woman to travel into space. Later, she taught at the University of California. Then she wrote seven books on space for children, encouraging children to study science. Unfortunately, she died in 2012.

（1）When did Sally Ride go into space?

A. In 1951.

B. In 1977.

C. In 1983.

D. In 2012.

（2）Which is NOT true about Sally Ride?

A. She learned how to fly a plane.

B. She learned how to produce machines.

C. She learned how to jump out of a plane.

D. She learned how to use special machines.

（3）Sally Ride taught at the University of California .

A. before she got her PhD in astrophysics

B. before she went to Stanford University

C. after she wrote books on space

D. after she travelled into space

（4）Which is the best title（题目）of the passage?

A. The first American woman writer.

B. The first American woman astronaut.

C. The first American woman teacher.

D. The first American woman scientist.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了第一位进入太空的美国女士萨莉·赖德。年轻时她喜欢网球，想当一名网球运动员。但是三个月的特殊训练后，她改变了主意，经过几年的学习，她获得了天体物理学博士学位。1977年她参加宇航员考试，从8000多人中脱颖而出，经过各种不同种类的特殊而且困难的训练，她学会了开飞机、跳伞、操作特殊的机器。1983年6月18日，她与其它四位宇航员一起乘坐挑战者号宇宙飞船进入太空，成为第一位进入太空的美国宇航员。后来，她到加利弗尼亚大学教书，并为儿童写了七本有关太空的书籍，鼓励孩子们学习科学。她于2012年不幸去世。

（1）细节理解题。根据 Sally and four other astronauts flew a spaceship called Challenger on Jun. 18, 1983. She became the first American woman to travel into space.莎莉和四个其它宇航员在1983年6月18日乘坐挑战号宇宙飞船。她成为第一个到太空旅行的女人。可知莎莉在1983年飞向太空的。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据 She learned how to fly a plane, how to jump out of a plane as well as how to operate（操作）special machines. 她没有学会生产机器，可知选项B错误的，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据She became the first American woman to travel into space. Later, she taught at the University of California. 可知她去太空后去加利福尼亚大学教学。故选D。（4）题目归纳题。这篇短文介绍了美国的女飞行员莎莉一生的故事。故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息。推理题解题技巧，在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。主旨大意题解题技巧，根据文章的中心思想确定。

5．阅读理解

Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it?

The Internet is many different networks around the world. A network is a group of computers that are put together. These networks joined together are called the Internet. Maybe that doesn't sound interesting. But when we've joined the Internet，there are lots of things we can do. We can have a lot of fun on the World Wide Web. We can use the Internet instead of a library to find all kinds of information for our homework. We can find information about our favourite sports or film stars and do shopping on the Internet. We can also send messages to other people by

email .It is much cheaper and quicker than calling our friends or sending a letter. With the help of the Internet，the world is becoming smaller and smaller. People can now work at home with a computer in front of them, getting and sending the information.

They can buy or sell the things on the Internet .But do you know 98% of the information is in English？So what will English be like tomorrow?

（1）The passage is mainly about________.

A. the Internet

B. information

C. computers

D. emails

（2）The quickest and cheapest way for people to send messages to their friends is________.

A. by post

B. by email

C. by telephone

D. by TV

（3）Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The Internet is a big computer.

B. The Internet is lots of computer networks.

C. The Internet is very helpful.

D. People can work at home with the help of the Internet.

（4）What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?

A. The Internet is more and more popular.

B. All the information is in English.

C. English is important in using the Internet.

D. Every computer must join the Internet.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍互联网，包括互联网的构成和功能及互联网给人们带来的

好处。

（1）主旨题，本文主要是介绍互联网，故选A。

（2）细节题，根据 We can also send messages to other people by email .It is much cheaper and quicker than calling our friends or sending a letter.可知给朋友发信息的最快最便宜的方式

就是发电子邮件，故选B。

（3）推理题，根据The Internet is many different networks around the world. A network is a group of computers that are put together. These networks joined together are called the Internet.

可知互联网不是一台电脑，A选项描述错误，故选A。

（4）推理题，根据 But do you know 98% of the information is in English？So what will English be like tomorrow?可知英语在互联网使用中很重要，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，推理题是阅读理解题型中常考题型，推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

6．根据材料内容，从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

Summer sports camps

Our summer camps have the following sports:

? Basketball ? Football

? Swimming ? Tennis

? Kung fu

This summer, we are offering sports camps at Discovery College, Renaissance College, South Island School and West Island School from Mondays to Fridays for six weeks. Our summer sports camps are only for children. We want to make sure they get enough exercise during the holiday. We are having a show about our summer sports camps this Friday at South Island School. You can come and learn more about us.

You can also visit our website https://www.360docs.net/doc/7a1881397.html,.hk or call us at 2711-1128 for more information about our summer sports camps.

（1）The summer sports camps offer ________ kinds of sports

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

（2）There is a show about the summer sports camps at ________.

A. Discovery College

B. Renaissance College

C. South Island School

D. West Island School

（3）You CANNOT enjoy 10% discount for football camps if you sign up on ________.

A. 17 June

B. 21 June

C. 26 June

D. 29 June

（4）There are ________ ways to get more information about the summer sports camps.

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

（5）The material is probably from ________.

A. a storybook

B. a sports report

C. a science magazine

D. a school noticeboard

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了夏令营运动的内容和安排。

（1）细节理解题。根据文章原句? Basketball ? Football? Swimming ? Tennis ? Kung fu可知夏令营提供了五种运动，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章原句We are having a show about our summer sports camps this Friday at South Island School. 可知夏季运动夏令营展在星期五South Island School, 故选C。（3）细节理解题。根据文章原句Sign up （报名）before 18 June （27 June for football camps） to enjoy 10% discount for our summer sports camps.可知足球夏令营优惠的报名日期是6月27日之前，6月29日就不能享受优惠了，故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据文章原句You can also visit our website https://www.360docs.net/doc/7a1881397.html,.hk or call us at 2711-1128 for more information about our summer sports camps. 可知除了广告中写的这种方式外，还可以参观网站，或打电话，共三种查找信息的方式，故选B。

（5）细节理解题。根据文章内容可知不是故事，排除A，不是运动报道，排除B，也不是科学报道，排除C，属于广告，可能贴在学校的通知板报上，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先通读全文，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，确定正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Six-year-old girl Iris was born with autism（自闭症）. She didn't like to talk or be with others and she often felt nervous, when Iris was three years old, her mother gave her some art lessons. There she found Iris had great talent for painting. From then on, Iris often spends her day painting.

However, Iris still felt lonely. Iris's parents learned that animals were good for children with autism, so they introduced some animals to Iris. Before Thula, they introduced horses, dogs and other cats to Iris, but those didn't help. Until cat Thula arrived, they got along very well in just a few weeks. Iris often draws about the cat's eyes and nose in her paintings.

Iris's mother said, "When Iris is painting, she tells Thula to sit if she jumps up onto the table. Thula stays there watching Iris with great interest. "

Iris and Thula are always together, eating, sleeping, playing ... Iris's mother hound that it was easier to make Iris talk with others when Thula was around. "Thanks to Thula, Iris found a way to show her feelings and communicate with the world. She is happier than ever before. "

（1）Iris liked to before she learned painting.

A. talk with others

B. go to parks

C. go to school

D. be alone

（2）why did Iris's parents introduce animals to her?

A. Because they were good for Iris's illness.

B. Because Iris liked animals.

C. Because they wanted a pet.

D. Because Iris liked to draw animals.

（3）What does Iris often draw about Thula?

A. Thula's ears and eyes.

B. Thula's hair and eyes.

C. Thula's eyes and nose.

D. Thula's mouth and nose.

（4）Thula often when Iris is drawing.

A. plays with the pictures

B. draws pictures

C. jumps up and down

D. sits there and watches Iris

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：艾里斯自幼患有自闭症，很少与人交流，三岁时，艾里斯开始喜欢画画。后来父母把一些动物介绍给艾里斯，后来图拉成了她的好伙伴。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句She didn't like to talk or be with others and she often felt nervous，理解可知，艾里斯在学画画以前，一直独自一人玩。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Iris's parents learned that animals were good for children with autism, so they introduced some animals to Iris.理解可知，艾里斯的父母知道动物对自闭症儿童有好处，所以他们把一些动物介绍给艾里斯，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Iris often draws about the cat's eyes and nose in her

paintings.理解可知，艾里斯经常画图拉的眼睛和鼻子，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Iris's mother said, "When Iris is painting, she tells Thula to sit if she jumps up onto the table. Thula stays there watching Iris with great interest. "理解可知，艾里斯在画画时，图拉经常坐在那里，看她画画，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

8．阅读理解

To most of us, home is the safest and warmest place in the world. But eighth graders at Shenzhen Sunshine Middle School are trying to figure out ways to escape their homes as quickly as possible in case of an emergency.

Teachers asked students to draw emergency evacuation（紧急撤离）maps of their homes to learn about how to escape in the event of a fire.

The project meant a lot to Shen Wei. When he was younger, the 10-year-old once played with fire and almost burned his family's house down. Since then, the possibility of another fire has always been on his mind. By drawing the map, he said he was able to surmount his fear. Now, he is feeling relaxed.

On his map, Shen marked possible sources of fire at home, including the fridge, computer and bookshelves He said these areas should be avoided in the event of a fire.

While most students only mapped out one evacuation route, Yan Jun, 13, made three Yan and his parents live on the third floor of their building. At first, he thought his family could only escape by going down the stairs. But later, he got the idea from the way his family laundry.

Usually, Yan's family hang clothes on their balcony. Sometimes their clothes fall to the second floor because of the wind. Instead of walking down the stairs, Yan's father sometimes climbs down outdoor air-conditioner units to get the clothes.

Does this sound like a good evacuation route? Yan also suggested using a rope to climb out the window. With so many ways to evacuate, I won't be scared, even if there is a real fire, "said Yan.（1）What does the underlined word surmount mean?

A. reuse

B. keep

C. produce

D. control

（2）According to Shen, which of the following may not cause a fire?

A. Fridge

B. Water tank

C. Comp

D. Bookshelves

（3）How did Yan get inspiration（灵感）for his second evacuation route?

A. From his homework.

B. From the internet.

C. From his family's laundry.

D. From his father's job.

（4）Which of the following is a suitable title for this passage?

A. Escaping your home during a fire.

B. Safety rules during a fire.

C. Emergency situations in public.

D. Don't be afraid of fire.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述深圳阳光中学8年级的老师要求学生画火灾紧急逃离的地图以便学习如何逃离火灾。

（1）词义猜测题。根据 the possibility of another fire has always been on his mind. By drawing the map, he said he was able to surmount his fear.可知，另一场火灾总是在他的脑海中，通过画地图，他说他能够克服自己的害怕心理，推出surmount的意思为控制，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据Shen marked possible sources of fire at home, including the fridge, computer and bookshelves可知，水缸可能不会引起火灾，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据But later, he got the idea from the way his family laundry.可知，他从他家的洗衣房得到灵感，故选C。

（4）主旨题。本文主要讲述火灾期间如何逃离火灾，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解

After watching the movie The X-Files, Kelly and, her friends start to discuss whether aliens are real or not.

Stacy believes that aliens are real and they are living right among us. They wear human skin and act like humans. In her opinion, aliens want to take over the Earth and kill all human beings. Alicia says that the government knows all about aliens. They are here to kidnap humans and do experiments to find cures for illnesses and help end global warming!

"My girls," says Kelly, "you have so much imagination!" She adds, "There are no aliens and what you read about in the newspapers is just a gimmick（噱头）to make people buy the newspapers. The X-Files is just a film which gives the director full space for his imagination. "Kelly then stands up and goes to the washroom.

Kelly locks the washroom door behind her. She looks at herself in the mirror and thinks they will never know who she is. "I must find the mother ship and go back to the planet," she thinks.（1）What do aliens look like according to Stacy?

A. They have big eyes and long legs.

B. They wear human skin and act like animals.

C. They wear human skin and act like humans.

D. They wear human clothes and act like humans.

（2）The following are Alicia's opinions about aliens EXCEPT___________.

A. aliens are helpful for us humans

B. aliens are living somewhere unknown

C. the government knows all about aliens

D. aliens kidnap humans and do experiments

（3）Which is TRUE about what Kelly says in Paragraph 4?

A. She doesn't believe aliens are real.

B. Kelly's friends like reading newspapers.

C. People buy newspapers mainly for reading news about aliens.

D. The director of The X-Files believes aliens are real.

（4）What can we infer from the passage?

A. Kelly is an alien.

B. Stacy and Alicia saw aliens before.

C. Kelly is planning a trip to the seaside.

D. Kelly doesn't have much imagination.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要是Kelly和朋友关于外星人真假的讨论。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 They wear human skin and act like humans. 可知，外星人披着人类的外皮，表现得像人类。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Alicia says that the government knows all about aliens. They are here to kidnap humans and do experiments to find cures for illnesses and help end global warming! 可知，Alicia人文政府知道外星人的存在，外星人来地球是为了绑架人类，为了疾病的治愈做实验以及帮助结束全球变暖的，但并没有提到外星人住的地方。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据第四段There are no aliens .没有外星人，可知Kelly认为世界上没有外星人。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段 I must find the mother ship and go back to the planet .我必须找到母舰然后回去那颗星球，可知Kelly就是一个外星人。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

10．阅读理解

Winter is cold in some places. Many plants do not grow during winter. Some plants die. Snow and ice may cover the ground. It can be hard for animals to find food during winter. Animals get through this time in many ways. Birds and butterflies can fly. Many of them fly to a place with nice weather in winter and return home in spring. We call it migration.

Another good way to be away from the cold is to sleep through it. Many animals hide themselves during the winter such as snakes, frogs and bears. They sleep and do not eat for the whole winter. We call it hibernation.

Some animals store food in their homes. They save some food in summer and fall and live on them. This is what squirrels （松鼠） do.

Other animals do not leave. They do not hide. Sometimes nature helps them out. Some animals grow thicker coats in the winter. Other animals change color. The arctic fox （北极狐） is brown in summer, but his coat turns white in winter.

Winter may be pretty. It is nice to see snow on the trees. But it is dangerous, too. People are also at risk. How do you beat the winter? Do you wear a thick coat? Do you stay inside?

Or do you live somewhere warm?

（1）During the winter, ____ go to the place with nice weather.

A. foxes

B. snakes

C. bears

D. butterflies

（2）_______ pass the winter by eating stored food.

A. Bears

B. Squirrels

C. Frogs

D. Birds

（3）The arctic fox turns the colour of his coat into in winter.

A. white

B. brown

C. pink

D. black

（4）The underlined word "hibernation" probably means _______ in the passage.

A. 迁徙

B. 繁殖

C. 冬眠

D. 灭绝（5）What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Animals do funny and interesting things.

B. Most flowers do not grow during the wintertime.

C. Animals pass the winter in many ways.

D. We must prepare for the dangers of winter.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了动物用许多方法度过冬天。

（1）细节题。根据Birds and butterflies can fly. Many of them fly to a place with nice weather in winter and return home in spring.可知鸟和蝴蝶飞向有好天气的地方，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据Some animals store food in their homes. They save some food in summer and fall and live on them. This is what squirrels （松鼠） do.可知松鼠储存食物，故选B。（3）细节题。根据The arctic fox （北极狐） is brown in summer, but his coat turns white in winter.可知北极狐冬天把外套变为白色，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据They sleep and do not eat for the whole winter.整个冬天睡觉，不吃东西，根据常识可知是冬眠，故选C。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了动物用许多方法度过冬天。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

Many people like to travel during their vacations. Some people travel in tour groups because they think it is safe and cheap. A tour guide takes care of the group and makes sure the group can see a lot of interesting and beautiful sights. Other people like traveling alone or with friends. If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see.

Why do people like to travel? Some people travel to learn more about other countries' people, culture, food and languages. Some people travel for adventure（冒险）. They want to do some

different things, such as skiing, bungee jumping and mountain climbing. Other people like to shop when they travel. They look for new things or cheap ones when shopping.

There are different ways to travel. Some people take trains, boats or buses, some fly and others drive cars. Some people like to travel slowly and spend a long time in each place, while others like to take quick tours and visit more places in a short time.

（1）Why do some people like traveling in tour groups?

A. Because they think it is safe and cheap.

B. Because they have different ways to travel.

C. Because they want to see interesting sights.

D. Because they want to learn more about people from other countries.

（2）How many reasons do people travel for according to the passage?

A. One.

B. Two.

C. Three.

D. Four.

（3）Some people take quick tours because .

A. they travel by car

B. they like to visit many places in a short time

C. they have much time for traveling

D. they want to spend a long time in each place （4）If a person travels for adventure, he may choose to get different experiences. A. riding and bungee jumping B. skiing and swimming

C. walking and mountain climbing

D. skiing and bungee jumping

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文说明了旅游的方式和旅游的原因。

（1）细节理解题，根据Some people travel in tour groups because they think it is safe and cheap.可知人们之所以喜欢跟团旅游，是因为安全省钱，故答案是A。

（2）细节理解题，根据Some people travel to learn more about other countries' people, culture, food and languages. Some people travel for adventure（冒险）. They want to do some different things, such as skiing, bungee jumping and mountain climbing. Other people like to shop when they travel. They look for new things or cheap ones when shopping.可知人们喜欢旅游的原因有三：一是了解其他国家的人民、文化和美食；二是为了冒险；三是喜欢购物，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，while others like to take quick tours and visit more places in a short time.可知，一些人喜欢匆匆忙忙的旅行是因为他们想在短时间内多参观一些地方，故答案是B。

（4）细节理解题，根据Some people travel for adventure（冒险）. They want to do some different things, such as skiing, bungee jumping and mountain climbing.可知，喜欢旅游冒险的人可以选择滑雪、蹦极和爬山，故答案是D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文只涉及到了一种题型，细节理解题，细节理解题相对简单，一般都可以直接在文章中找到答案，或者答案的依据。

12．阅读理解

Some famous big cities got interesting nicknames（昵称）for some reasons. Here are three of them.

New York：The Big Apple

New York got the nickname because it is a city full of chances. It is said New York's musicians began to use it in the 1920s. There is an old saying in show business，"There are many apples on the tree，but only one big apple. When you chose New York，you picked the big one. ”

Paris：The City of Light

Paris has the name because there are so many lights in streets at night. However, there was a time when Paris had almost no lights. In 1828，Pairs began to build a network of street lights. It was the first city in Europe to do so，and it has the nickname "The City of Light".

London: The Big Smoke

London got its nickname because of the serious air problem during the late 19th century. But now, smoke in London is not that common. In 1956, the government made laws to clear the fog（雾）in the city. Now，it's easy for people to enjoy a sunny sky beside the beautiful Thames River.

（1）The Big Apple is the nickname of .

A. London

B. New York

C. Paris

D. Sydney

（2）Paris began to build a network of street lights in .

A. 1828

B. 1883

C. 1920

D. 1956

（3）London is called "The Big Smoke" mainly because of .

A. bright lights

B. clean rivers

C. air problem

D. water problem

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意；列举了3个城市的别名，纽约被称为大苹果，巴黎被称为城

市之光，由于晚上有很多灯光，伦敦被称为大烟囱，因为它的空气污染问题。

（1）细节题。根据文章提到的New York：The Big Apple，可知大苹果是纽约的代名词，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据文章提到的In 1828，Pairs began to build a network of street lights 可知，时间是1828年，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据文章提到的London got its nickname because of the serious air problem during the late 19th century可知，由于空气问题，使得伦敦叫做大烟囱，故选C。

【点评】考查细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可。

13．阅读下面的材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Have you ever paid attention to the Air Quality Index （空气质量指标） or AQI reported in the newspaper? The AQI helps us understand what the air quality around us means to our health. The AQI uses colors, numbers and words to tell us about the air. Let's see what these colors and numbers mean.

Colors Numbers Health word

（s）

What to do

Green0-50Good Just enjoy the clean air!

Yellow51-100Moderate

（适中）

Air quality is fine for most people.

Orange101-150Unhealthy for

sensitive

groups

Active children and adults with lung（肺） disease should

spend less time outdoors.

Red151-200Unhealthy People with lung disease and active kids and adults shouldn't spend too long time outdoors. Everybody else should try to

spend less time outside.

Purple201-300

Very

unhealthy

People with lung disease and active kids and adults should not spend any time outdoors. Everybody should try not to go

outside.

A. orange

B. red

C. purple

D. yellow （2）The ________ AQI numbers are, the ________ air quality is.

A. bigger; better

B. bigger; nicer

C. smaller; better

D. smaller; worse （3）Which of the following is TRUE?

A. If the AQI number is 140, the AQI color will be red.

B. If the AQI color is purple the air is the best for people.

C. People with lung disease are very sensitive to the air.

D. The AQI can't help people know the air quality.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）C

【解析】【分析】我们经常读的空气质量指数或在报纸上报道的AQI有助于我们了解我们周围的空气质量对我们的健康意味着什么。AQI使用颜色，数字和文字告诉我们有关空气的情况。文中具体说明了这些颜色和数字是什么意思。

（1）细节题。根据黄色栏目对应 Air quality is fine for most people可知黄色代表空气质量对大多数人来说都很好，故选D。

（2）推理题。根据表中numbers和health words的对应内容可知，AQI数值越小，空气质量越高，故选C。

（3）推理题。根据第三列第四、五、六行内容可知，肺病患者对空气非常敏感，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

14．阅读下面的材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

In every country, there are thousands of people who want to help out. Many join organizations run （管理）by their governments, for example, the Peace Corps in the United States and Voluntary Service Overseas in Britain. Since the powerful （猛烈的） earthquake took place in Sichuan, more than 200 thousand volunteers across China have been helping there! They do all kinds of work or come up with ways to help improve life. Some offer their professional skills for free. Others have no qualifications （资历）, but they love to work hard to help.

One of the most famous volunteers in the world was Mother Teresa. She could be the best volunteer because she gave her life to helping the poorest people of Calcutta. She helped the homeless, cared for the sick, gave out food, and became the mother of those without families.

Now more and more teenagers actively look for volunteering opportunities, too. They volunteer because they think it will be fun or they will learn something. They also like the idea of being helpful to others, even if it is just handing out books for the teacher. As they get older, these reasons are still the same, but there are other important reasons for volunteering such as learning on-the-job, getting work experience, and improving their social life.

All volunteers bring joy to the people they help in so many ways. They might read books to the blind, fix up broken homes, find ways to get water for villages, Could you be a volunteer? What kind of volunteer work could you do? There is someone in the world who needs you.

（1）The Peace Corps is ________ in the United States.

A. a city

B. an organization

C. a volunteer

D. a school

（2）The underlined word "those" in the passage means "________".

A. the homeless

B. the sick

C. the poor

D. the kids

（3）What is NOT the reason for teenagers to be volunteers according to the passage?

A. They want to make more friends.

B. They want to be helpful.

C. It helps them get work experience.

D. It can improve their social life.

（4）What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The world needs volunteers.

B. Mother Teresa was a great volunteer.

C. Volunteers do all kinds of work.

D. There are different ways of volunteering.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在每个国家，有成千上万的人需要帮助，世界需要志愿者。现在越来越多的青少年积极寻找志愿服务机会。他们做志愿者，因为他们认为这会很有趣，或者他们会学到一些东西。

（1）推理题。根据第一段前两句In every country, there are thousands of people who want to help out. Many join organizations run （管理） by their governments, for example, the Peace Corps in the United States and Voluntary Service Overseas in Britain.可推知，the Peace Corps是美国的一个组织机构。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据本句the mother of those without families.她帮助无家可归的人，照顾病人，分发食物，成为那些没有家人孩子的母亲，可知those指代“无家可归的孩子”。故选D。

（3）细节题。根据第三段最后一句but there are other important reasons for volunteering such as learning on-the-job, getting work experience, and improving their social life.可知，文中未提到“想交更多的朋友”这一原因，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据文章大意可知，本文主要讲述了世界上有很多人需要帮助，现在越来越多青年参与志愿活动，所以“The world needs volunteers.世界需要志愿者”最符合文意。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

15．阅读理解

The classics are really great. Some of them can even change our life. I have a cousin who is eight years older than me. He is very good at writing now，because he has read many classics before. Those novels（小说）help him do well in writing. He thinks the classics are part of his life. He can't live without them. He has read 26 classics. As for me，I have read Little Women，Tom Sawyer and Treasure Island.

—Mike，14 years old

Reading the classics is good for us. Some classics such as Oliver Twist，Treasure Island，

Tom Sawyer and Little Women are good books. I have read all of them. But if students spend too much time reading the classics，they won't get good grades，either.

—Susan，16 years old

（1）How old is Mike's cousin?

A. 14 years old.

B. 8 years old.

C. 16 years old.

D. 22 years old.（2）Mike's cousin________.

A. is not good at writing

B. has been a famous writer

C. has read 26 classics

D. doesn't like reading

（3）According to Susan，we can infer（推断）that________.

A. reading the classics can help students do well in writing

B. reading the classics can help students get good grades

C. students shouldn't spend too much time reading the classics

D. reading the classics is more important than studying

（4）Which book has Susan ever read, but Mike hasn't?

A. Little Women.

B. Tom Sawyer.

C. Treasure Island.

D. Oliver Twist.（5）Which of the following is true?

A. Mike thinks the classics are part of his life.

B. Mike has already read three classics.

C. Susan has read Alice in Wonderland.

D. Susan thinks all classics are good.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）C

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Mike和Susan对读经典的态度。

（1）推理题。根据 I have a cousin who is eight years older than me和 Mike，14 years old，Mike14岁，表哥比他大8岁，可知Mike的表哥22岁，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 He has read 26 classics可知Mike的表哥已经读了26本经典著作，故选C。

（3）推理题。根据 But if students spend too much time reading the classics，they won't get good grades，either可知Susan认为学生不应该花太多的时间阅读经典著作，故选C。（4）细节题。根据I have read LittleWomen，Tom Sawyer and Treasure Island 和Some classics such as Oliver Twist，Treasure Island，Tom Sawyer and Little Women are good books可知Oliver Twist是Susan读过但Mike没读过的书，故选D。

（5）细节题。根据I have read LittleWomen，Tom Sawyer and Treasure Island可知Mike已经读过3本经典著作，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻

找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。