四六级作文常见错误

四六级作文常见错误
四六级作文常见错误

一、作文中常见的错误

一)、词汇量小、且词义混淆

有的学生用汉语作文时文思泉涌,下笔千言,但是一到用英语作文就好像被缚住了手脚,词汇量小是最根本的原因。词汇有限导致许多学生有口难言,欲说不能,文章枯燥乏味。在今年考生的作文中经常看到the food i n the campus,our university has ten campuses,等类似的句子。可见,考生混淆了campus和canteen的词义。对“食堂”一词也不知如何表达,对题目中的canteen service也“视而不

见”,于是便充分发挥自己的“想象力和创造力”。笔者粗略统计一下,考生创造的“食堂”一词近二十种,“食堂服务员”一词的表达也有十多种。还有一些考生反映价格高,要求降低价格,于是就写成slow down t he price,low the price,shut down the price。另外个别考生错字别字满篇,如,I like to eat mice(rice),The foo t(fook) in our school is delicious等等,真是五花八门,令人啼笑皆非。

二)、词性的变化

词性是考生容易忽略的问题。有些考生只知词义,但没有注意到词性的变化,而出现了一些低级错误。例如:1 Some of them have no patient to serve us.(patient形容词,应为名词patience)

2 We can choose our like food.(like 动词,应为形容词favorite)

3 I don't content with this.(content 形容词,应改为I'm not content wit h this.)

4 The waiters are very kindly,but so metimes they are rude.(kindly副词,应为形容词kind)

5 We feel satisfaction with the servi ce.(satisfaction名词,应为形容词sat isfied)

6 Then we can have a larger choos

e.(choose动词,应为名词choice) 三)、词语的搭配

词语的搭配是英语学习中的一项重要内容,要正确地认识和使用词语,就必须在词语与词语的联合上多下功夫。然而,有些考生平时不注意积

累,或对一些约定俗成的词语记忆不牢,使用时模棱两可,从而影响了作文的质量。

1 Every worker makes us feel in ho me.(feel in home应为feel at home)

2 In generally(in generally speaking), the price is low.(in generally,in gene rally speaking应为in general或gen erally speaking)

3 In the whole(on the hole),we are satisfied with the canteen service.(in the whole,on the hole应为on the whole)

4 In spite of the food is good,I thi nk it should be cheaper.(In spite of 应为in spite)

5 The price should be lowered in o rder to meet the student’s acquires.(meet the student's acquires 应为meet the students' requirement s)

6 Therefore,we shall attach great im portance about this question.(attach great importance about 应为attach great importance to)

当然还有一些其它的如:for exampl e写成example for,for instance写成for a instance,on the other hand写成in the other hand,on the contrary 写成in the contrary等。

四)、用词不当

用词不当可以说是此次考试的主要问题。许多考生平时机械地背词汇手册,虽然掌握了一定的词汇量,但不知在什么语境中使用。这些考生虽然

对题目及要求非常清楚,却无法用一些恰当的词来表达自己的思想。

1 误I can see some small animals (pets) in the food.

正I can see some small worms in the food.

2 误Its taste is fit for our mouth. 正It fits for our taste.or It caters t o our taste.

3 误The air in the canteen is unm unicated with outside.

正The air in the canteen is stale.or The air in the canteen is stuffy.

4 误Some window's attitude has al so some problems.

正The service attitude at the cante en is bad.

5 误So our parents needn't worry about our diet and can left their he art in the origin position.

正So our parents can feel at rest about our food at school.

6 误We can choose our like.

正We can choose our favorite food. or We can choose what we like.

五)、结构混乱

中国学生学习英语往往摆脱不了汉语思维,套用汉语的结构及句式,有的考生甚至先拟好中文草稿,然后再译成英文。结果文章中出现许多畸形的、混合的中式英语,使考生不能清楚而准确地表达思想,有些错误严重地造成理解上的障碍。

1 误The work of the menu is too small to see it clearly.

正The print on the menu is too s mall to read.

2 误Every month,mother gave me few money to eat.

正Every month,mother give me just little money for food.

3 误The room is so narrow that t here is no place to eat.

正The room is too small for us to sit for meals.

4 误The food of our canteen is sa tisfied with us.

正We're satisfied with the food of our canteen.

5 误The soft music can bring us r elax.

正The soft music makes us relaxe

d.

6 误The kinds of cooking are few. 正There is not good variety of dis hes.

二、出现错误的原因

作文不理想的原因很多,总的看来主要有以下几个方面的问题:

第一、英语底子太薄。

底子太薄主要表现为对语法知识掌握不牢及对基本词汇记忆不清。它包括定冠词和不定冠词的滥用,主谓不一致,单复数搞不清楚(例如:a pe ople等),时态和语态混乱及词语的各种形式掌握不牢。有的学生文章写得很长,字迹也很工整,但是读完之后只觉得思路紊乱,支离破碎,没有一个完整的句子,所以也就只能得两三分以慰劳苦。

第二、词汇量太小,且对已学词汇记忆不清。

除了底子太薄这个历史原因之外,学生词汇量太小也是一个不容忽视的原因。有的学生汉语功底很好,用汉语作文,他们就会思如泉涌,下笔千言,但是一到用英语作文就好像被缚住了手脚,不知如何下手。比如99年1月的作文,题目是"Don’t He sitate to Say No", 大部分学生能够领会题意并能按给出的汉语提纲作文,但有的学生连Hesitate是什么意思都不知道,更不用说在此基础上再作发挥了。另外有的学生虽然对题目及要求非常清楚,但是因为自己所

掌握的词汇所限,无法用一些合适的词来表达自己的思想,于是只有绕着题目翻来覆去乱说一气,再加上这次出的作文提纲就象一道绕口令:

1、别人请求帮助时,在什么情况下我们会说“不”;

2、为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”;

3、该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。所以在说过一个又一个的"No"再加几个"Yes"之后,阅卷老师也给搞得云里雾里,头脑发胀,最后也只得酌情给个两三分罢了。还有的一写

到纸上就是错字别字满篇,有些词汇的用法也走了样。其中最典型的就是for example写成example for , for i nstance写成for a instance, illegal 写成unlegle, 而such as, in spite of 等许多短语则是乱用一气。词汇的有限导致许多学生有口难言,欲说不能,对他们来说,用英语作文实在是一件很头疼的事情。

第三、缺乏思想,深度不够。

99年1月的考试中很大一部分学生不能得高分还有一个重要的原因,就

是他们的作文缺乏思想,深度不够。很多学生虽然已是大二的学生,甚至是大三大四的学生,但是他们在作文当中所表现出的智力水平与阅历似乎只相当于一个初高中生。写出的文章着眼点低,视野狭窄。作为学生,作文着眼于学生之间的关系,反映学生之间的帮忙,这并不为过,但是这种帮忙不能仅仅限于在考试当中的帮忙,而且对这种帮忙都是一句话"Don"t hesitate to say "No""。更有相当一部分学生在文章中写帮忙就是这一次四级考试当中的帮忙。与在校

考生比较起来,社会考生应该多了许多社会阅历,也多了一些见解,但是举出来的例子也是X围太窄,大多是讲老板或领导让干的事只能答"Ye s"而不能回答"No"。其实除了这些,可举的例子很多,关键是要抓住实质。

第四、缺乏应试技巧。缺乏应试技巧。主要表现为有些学生在篇首或篇尾有喊口号倾向(如Dear Friends, let’s not hesitate to say"No"),或画蛇添足,本来文章该结束

了却偏要罗罗嗦嗦再来两句多余的话;另外一些学生字数把握不准,不是写得太短就是写得太长,写得太短的会因为字数不够而失分,太长的又因为阅卷老师任务繁重,时间窘迫,不能因为一篇文章乱了整个阅卷节奏。还有一些学生的笔迹(尤其是用纯蓝墨水钢笔和出水太浅的圆珠笔写的),让阅卷老师怎么也看不清楚。

三、避免出现写作错误应注意的几点

1、克服变通能力差的弱点,要学会变通。

如一篇关于“毕业后的工作打算”的作文。有一个学生写自己想当工程师,而工程师这个词他又不会拼,所以干脆把汉语写在上面。其实这时他可以用两种方法来解决这个问题。

一是更换主题,写别的职业(事实上,很多聪明的学生都写了教师这一职业,尽管并不是他们的真实意愿);二是用解释法给工程师下定义。如把I want to be an engineer 改成I wa nt to be a person who plans and u nderstands the making of machines ,

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31 1欣赏大自然 的风景 to app reciate the sce nery of n ature 2 培养公德心 to cultivate the public mindedness 3 4 5 6 to make life pl easa nt to relax on eself to en lighte n the mind 追求理想 to seek after the ideal 实现抱负 to realize on e's ambiti on 守信用 to kee p on e's pro mise 跟上时代 to keep up with the times 欣赏古 典文学 to app reciate the classical to lear n guitar to cultivate the character to con tribute on eself to the 锻炼身体 缺乏休闲活动 to lack recreati ons 作 笔记 to take notes 使用参考书 to use reference books 关心社会 to be concerned about the society 24 服从校规 to follow the rules of the school 25尽身为学生的责任 to fulfill on e's duty as a stude nt 26 克服困难 to overcome the difficulty 27 面临 困难 to be confronted with difficulty 28 29 30 to stick to the principle to emp hasize the importance of to litter; to scatter garbage to beautify the environment to grow trees to p reve nt the p olluti on 提升生活质量 to pro mote the qualities of 造成损害 to do damage to 对... 有益 to ben efit; to be ben eficial to 对... 有害 to be harmful to; to do harm 任意停车 to park the car at random 制造噪音 to make no ises 占用人行道 to occ upy the sidewalk 妨碍交通 to hinder the traffic 排放污烟、废气 to belch smoke, exhaust, 造成不便 to cause inconvenience 造成混舌L to bring about the disorder 闯红灯 to run through the red light 禾 U 用天桥 to make use of the overp ass 查字典 to consult the dictionary 屏息 to hold one's breath 流泪 to shed tears 符合需要 to meet the dema nd 生根 to take root 产生结果to bear fruit 打破 英语四六级满分作文 常用词组、短语 维护健康 保护环境 开拓视野 开拓心胸 调剂生活 松散身心 启迪心灵 to main ta in health to p rotect the environment to broade n the horiz 10 灌输知识 to imp art kno wledge some one 11 12 into 13 14 15 22 23 literature 16学习吉他 17陶冶品德 18贡献国家 country 19 20 21 to stre ngthe n, exercise the body the 32坚守原则 33注意卫生 hygie ne 34 35 36 乱丢垃圾 美化环境 种植树木 防止污染 37 38 li fe 39 40 to 42 43 44 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 45 46 fume 47 渡过困境 to weather the storm 走快捷方式 to cut the corner 量脉搏 to feel the pulse 开药 方 to prescribe the medicine

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