《送东阳马生序》重点字词翻译

《送东阳马生序》重点字词翻译
《送东阳马生序》重点字词翻译

《送东阳马生序》重点字词解释及句子翻译

[1]余:

[2]手自:

[3]嗜:

[4]无从:

[5]致书:

[6]假借:

[7]假:

[8]弗之怠(dài):

[9] 弗.之怠:不.

[10] 走:

[11]逾约:

[12]以是:

[13]既加冠(guān):

[14]既:

[15]患:

[16]硕师:

[17]硕:

[18]尝:

[19]趋:

[20]先达:

[21]叩问:[22]叩:

[23]德隆望尊:

[24]门人弟子填其室:

[25]填:

[26]稍降辞色:

[27]辞色:

[28]援疑质理:

[29]援:

[30]质:

[31]俯身倾耳以请:

[32]或:有时

[33]叱(chì)咄(duō):

[34]礼愈至:

[35]出一言以复:

[36]俟(sì):

[37]负箧(qiè)曳屣(xǐ):

[38]箧:

[39]屣:

[40]穷冬:

[41]皲(jūn)裂:

[42]至舍:

[43]支:

[44]媵(yìng)人:

[45]汤:

[46]沃灌:

[47]衾(qīn):

[48]拥:

[49]久而乃和:

[50]寓逆旅:

[51]逆旅,

[52]被(pī):

[53]腰:.

[54]容臭(xiù):

[55]臭:

[56]烨(yè)然:

[57]缊(yùn)袍敝(bì)衣:

[58]缊:

[59]敝:

[60]略无慕艳意:

[61]略无:

[62]慕艳:

[63]以中有足乐:

[64]口体之奉:[65]奉:

[66]盖余之勤……:

[67]余故道……:

[68]诸生:

[69]县官:

[70]廪(lǐn)稍:

[71]裘(qiú):

[72]葛:

[73]遗(wèi):

[74]司业、博士:

[75]非天质之卑:

[76]流辈:

[77]朝:

[78]以乡人子:

[79]谒(yè):

[80]撰(zhuàn):

[81]长书:

[82]贽(zhì):

[83]夷:

[84]逾约:

古今异义词

(1)尝趋百里外(古义:跑向今义:快走)

(2)以是人多以书假余(古义:这些,此今义:常用作判断词)(3)走送之(古义:跑,今义:行走)

(4)媵人持汤沃灌(古义:热水今义:食物煮熟后的汁水)

(5)无从致书以观(古义:取得,文中指买到今义:达到,实现)(6)裘葛之遗(古义:给予,赠送今义:)

2、一词多义

至礼愈至(形容词,周到) 至舍(动词,到达)

无从(从何处,这里指办法) 从乡之先达(跟随,跟从)

3、词类活用

腰白玉之环(名词作动词,腰间挂着)

日再食(“日”名词作状语,每天)

(“食”名词作动词,给……吃)

无鲜肥滋味这享(原意为新鲜、肥厚,文中为鲜鱼和肥肉)

4、通假字

四支僵劲不能动(“支”通“肢”肢体)

同舍生皆被绮绣(“被”通“披”穿)

5、常考虚词

计日以还(而,来,可不译)

以中有足乐者(因为)

以是(因为)人多以(把,拿)书假余

以衾拥覆(用)

生以乡人子谒余(凭借……的身份)

俯身倾耳以请(来,连词)

录毕,走送之( 代词,书 )

每假借藏书之家(助词,的)

无鲜肥滋味之享(助词,的)

益慕圣贤之道(助词,的)

当余之从师也(结构助词,取消句子独立性,不译)

足肤皲裂而不知 (转折连词,但是、却 )

久而乃和(承接连词)

余则缊袍敝衣处其间(却)

6、关键句子翻译

①余幼时即嗜学,家贫,无从致书以观。

②每假借于藏书之家,手自笔录,计日以还。

③录毕,走送之,不敢稍逾约。

④以是人多以书假余,余因得遍观群书。

⑤又患无硕师、名人与游,尝趋百里之外,从乡之先达执经叩问。

⑥先达德隆望尊,门人弟子填其室,未尝稍降辞色。

⑦余立侍左右,俯身倾耳以请。

⑧故余虽愚,卒获有所闻。

⑨余则缊袍敝衣处其间,略无慕艳意。

⑩以中有足乐者,不知口体之奉不若人也。

县官日有廪稍之供,父母岁有裘葛之遗。

其业有不精,德有不成者,非天质之卑,则心不若余之专耳,岂他人之过哉?

一、(2007年福建省宁德市)

(四)阅读文言文,完成18—22题。(17分)

[甲] 余幼时即嗜学。……盖余之勤且艰若此。

[乙] 溥幼嗜学,所读书必手钞,钞已朗诵一过,即焚之,又钞,如是者六七始已。右手握管处,指掌成茧。冬日手皲日沃汤数次,后名读书之斋曰:“七录”

18、解释下列句中加点的词语。(4分)

(1)弗之怠()(2)负箧曳屣()

(3)四支僵劲不能动()(4)溥幼嗜学()

19、用现代汉语写出下面句子的意思。(4分)

(1)录毕,走送之,不敢稍逾约。

(2)如是者六七始已。

20、用“/”标出下面句子的朗读节奏。(2分)余因得遍观群书

21、比较[甲] [乙]两文,具体说说文中主人公在学习上的共同点。(4分)

22、读了[甲] [乙]两文后,你有什么收获。(3分)

二、(鄂州市2007)

{甲}余幼时即嗜学。……故余虽愚,卒获有所闻。

{乙}匡衡①勤学而无烛;邻舍有烛而不逮②,衡乃穿壁引其光,以书映光而读之。邑人大姓③文不识④,家富多书,衡乃与其佣作⑤而不求偿。主人怪问衡,衡曰:“愿得主人书遍读之。”主人感叹,资⑥给以书,遂成大学⑦。

{注释}①匡衡:汉朝人。②不逮:指隔壁烛光透不过来。逮,及、到。③大姓:大户人家。④文不识:人名,姓文名不识。⑤佣作:做工辛勤劳作。⑥资:借。⑦大学:大学问家。

20、解释下面加点的字。(2分)

①每假借于藏书之家②礼愈至

③衡乃与其佣作而不求偿④主人怪问衡

21、下列加点的字意义和用法相同的一项是()(2分)

A 门人弟子填其室B弗之怠

或遇其叱咄从乡之先达执经叩问

C 邻舍有烛而不逮D衡乃穿壁引其光

以书映光而读之衡乃与其佣作而不求偿

22、用现代汉语翻译下列句子(4分)

①余立侍左右,援疑质理,俯身倾耳以请。

①主人感叹,资给以书,遂成大学。

23、甲、乙两个文段分别写了哪些事例(故事)?(3分)

甲文

乙文

24、甲、乙两个文段中的主人公可谓都取得了成功。请从取得成功的原因的角度谈谈你从中得到了怎样的启示。(3分)

三、(2007年临沂市)文言文阅读(共12分)

[甲]余幼时即嗜学。……故余虽愚,卒获有所闻。

[乙]时河南程颢与弟颐讲孔、孟绝学于熙、元之际,河、洛之士翕然师之。时调官不赴,以师礼见颢于颍昌,相得甚欢。其归也,颢目送之,曰:“吾道南矣。”四年而颢死,时闻之,设位哭寝门,而以书赴告同学者。至是,又见程颐于洛,时盖年四十矣。一日见颐,颐偶瞑坐,时与游酢侍立不去,颐既觉,则门外雪一尺矣

1.解释下面语句中加点字的意义(2分)

1无从致书以观 2从乡之先达执经叩问

3而以书赴告同学者 4颐既觉

2.翻译下面的文言语句(2分)

(1)录毕,走送之,不敢稍逾约

(2)以师礼见颢于颖昌,相得甚欢。

3.甲乙两文有写作内容和表达感情上有什么相同之处?(4分)

内容:

感情:

4.甲乙两都写了天气的寒冷,其写作目的是否相同?为什么?(4分)

四、(05安徽省)阅读下面文言文《送东阳马生序》,回答问题。

17.解释下列加点词在文中的意思。(3分).

(1)以是人多以书假余假:(2)以衾拥覆,久而乃和以:

(3)腰白玉之环腰:

18.翻译下面的句子(6分)

(1)既加冠,益慕圣、贤之道。(2>故余虽愚,卒获有所闻。

19.文中哪些词句说明作者不辞艰辛、求师勤学的原因?(3分)

20.对文中画线句子,联系实际,谈谈你的感受或体会。(3分)

五、(2007年内蒙古赤峰市)甲:余幼时即嗜学。……故余虽愚,卒获有所闻。乙:范仲淹二岁而孤,家贫无依。少有大志,每以天下为己任,发奋苦读,或夜昏怠(1),辄以水沃面(2);食不给,啖粥而读。既仕,每慷慨论天下事,奋不顾身。乃至被谗受贬,由参知政事谪守邓州。仲淹刻苦自励,食不重肉(3),妻子衣食仅自足而已。常自诵曰“士当先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐也。”

注释1、昏怠:昏沉困倦。2、辄:就。沃:浇。这里是“洗”的意思。3、食不重肉:不多吃肉。

22、解释加点的词。(4分)

(1)余幼时即嗜学()(2)录毕,走送之()

(3)益慕圣贤之道()(4)妻子衣食仅自足而已()

23、下边加点词用法或意思完全相同的一组是()(3分)

A、以是人多以书假余扶苏以数谏故,上使外将兵

B、手自笔录,计日以还重岩叠嶂,隐天蔽日

C、从乡之先达执经叩问肉食者谋之

24、翻译句子(6分)(1)故余虽愚,卒获有所闻。

(2)士当先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐。

25、甲、乙语段中的人物幼年时人生经历有哪两个主要共同点?(2分)

_____________________________________ 26、甲段中写人物读书刻苦的语句是:(2分)

_____________________________________ 27、甲文中“人多以书假余”的原因是:_____________________

乙文中范仲淹“被谗受贬”的原因是:___________(都用文中的句子回答)(4分)

六、(2008年怀化市)阅读文言文答题。(甲)余幼时即嗜学……故余虽愚,卒获有所闻。

(乙)范仲淹二岁而孤,家贫无依。少有大志,每以天下为己任,发愤苦读,或夜昏怠(①),辄(②)以水沃(③)面;食不给,啖粥而读。既仕,每慷慨论天下事,奋不顾身。乃至被谗受贬,由参知政事谪守邓州。仲淹刻苦自励,食不重(④)肉,妻子衣食仅自足而已。常自诵曰:“士当先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐也。”

注:①昏怠:昏沉困倦。②辄:就。③沃:浇。文中有“洗”之意。④重:兼有两种(事物)。

16.解释下列句中的加点的词语。(4 分)

送东阳马生序 原文+翻译

送东阳马生序 宋濂 余幼时即嗜学。家贫,无从致书以观,每假借于藏书之家,手自笔录,计日以还。天大寒,砚冰坚,手指不可屈伸,弗之怠。录毕,走送之,不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余,余因得遍观群书。既加冠,益慕圣贤之道,又患无硕师名人与游,尝趋百里外,从乡之先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊,门人弟子填其室,未尝稍降辞色。余立侍左右,援疑质理,俯身倾耳以请;或遇其叱咄,色愈恭,礼愈至,不敢出一言以复;俟其欣悦,则又请焉。故余虽愚,卒获有所闻。 我年幼时就非常爱好读书。(因为)家里贫穷,(所以)没有办法拥有书来学习,常常向藏书的人家去借,亲自抄录,按约定时间送还。冬天天气十分寒冷,砚台里的墨汁结成坚硬的冰,手指(冻得)不能弯曲伸直,也不敢有一点懈怠。抄完后,赶紧跑去送还书,不敢稍微超过约定的期限。因此有很多人都愿意把书借给我,我就能够广泛地阅读很多书。到了成年以后,我更加仰慕古代圣贤的学说,又担心没有才学渊博的老师交往求教,曾经跑到百里以外,拿着经书向乡里有道德学问的前辈请教。前辈道德和声望高,门人弟子挤满了他的屋子,他不曾把言辞放委婉些,把脸色放温和些。我站着侍候在他左右,提出疑难,询问道理,俯下身子,侧着耳朵请教;有时遇到他大声斥责,(我的)表情更加恭顺,礼节更加周到,不敢说一个字回复;等到他高兴了,则又去请教。所以我虽然愚笨,但最终获得学识。 当余之从师也,负箧曳屣,行深山巨谷中,穷冬烈风,大雪深数尺,足肤皲裂而不知。至舍,四支僵劲不能动,媵人持汤沃灌,以衾拥覆,久而乃和。寓逆旅,主人日再食,无鲜肥滋味之享。同舍生皆被绮绣,戴朱缨宝饰之帽,腰白玉之环,左佩刀,右备容臭,烨然若神人;余则缊袍敝衣处其间,略无慕艳意。以中有足乐者,不知口体

英语翻译重点词汇词组

英语翻译重点词汇词组 fellow countrymen 同胞 militarist军阀 Chinese Communist Party 党组织 the Grand Canal (京杭)大运河Industrial Revolution 工业革命dawn to dark从早到晚 especially English 具有英国特征的cottage industry 农村手工业 Indian summer 最后的余辉 stock-raising 畜牧业 Homestead Act 宅地法 wild west 西部荒原 the gold rush 淘金热 basic occupation 基础产业Department of Agriculture 农业部门the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲 coastal erosion 水土流失Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候surveyor general 测量总监sovereign nation 主权国家aggregate output 总产量 coastal area 沿海地区 telephone connections 电话用户economic well-being 生活水平 two way trade 双向贸易 lucrative export market 出口市场

foreign exchange 外汇 sum total 总数 per capita 人均 GNP 国民生产总值 joint ventures 合资企业 net income 净收入 world investment system世界投资体系 the stock of foreign investment 外资存量 英语翻译重点词汇(2) major economy 经济大国 the stimulus, the technology and the funding 动力、技术和资金international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资 popular science 科普读物Arctic seas 北冰洋 vegetable oil 植物油 mineral oil煤油 internal combustion engine内燃机 warfare on land and sea 陆战和海战 minute sea creatures and plants 微小的海洋动植物 crude oil 原油 sedimentary rocks 沉积岩 pitch lake 沥青湖 superhighway 高速公路 living organism 生物体 applied entomology 应用昆虫学 environmental Law环保法 wildlife 野生生物

英语翻译必备词组

Give the floor to 请…发言 It is a great pleasure for me to我很荣幸… Relevant issues 相关问题 Updated research research result 最新的调查结果 Attach the importance to 对…给予重视 Lead-edge technologies领先技术 Minister Counselor公使 Natural heritage自然遗产 Shared concern 共同关心的问题 Well-deserved reputation良好的信誉 对…表示衷心的感谢express sincere gratitude to 请…讲话Let’ s welcome to give a speech 双边会议bilateral conference 以掌声对…表示的最热烈的欢迎propose the warmest applause to 主办单位sponsor 颁奖仪式the Award Ceremony 贺词greeting speech 隆重举行observe the grand opening of 请…颁奖Let’s invite to present the award 取得圆满成功achieve complete ceremony 全球庆典global celebration ceremony 宣布…结束 declare the closing of 请全体起立,奏国歌 Please rise for the national anthem. Collective stewardship集体管理 Competitive job market充满竞争的就业市场 Financial institutions金融机构 Forward-looking进取 Gross National Product国民生产总值 Meet the challenges 迎接挑战 Public authorities公共机构 Regulatory mechanism 法规机制 The threshold of our transition into the new millenmum跨越新千年的门槛 UNCHS (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)联合国人居中心Urban residents 城市居民 Well-serviced formal city服务齐全的高尚城市 把…列为重要内容place as the priority 不放松工作never neglect the work 节约用水 water conservation 对…表示衷心祝贺extend our sincere congratulations on 节约用水先进城市model city of water conservation 使…取得预期效果attain the results expected 授予…光荣称号 confer honorable awards on 为…而奋斗strive for

广告英语翻译常用词语

广告英语翻译常用词汇 产品远销英国、美国、日本、意大利和东南亚,深受消费者欢迎和好评Our products are sold in Britain, America, Japan, Italy and South East Asia and well appreciated by their purchasers. 畅销全球 selling well all over the world 典雅大方 elegant and graceful 定型耐久 durable modeling 方便顾客 making things convenient for customers 方便群众 making things convenient for the people; to suit the peo ple's convenience 方便商品 convenience goods 方便生活 bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life; prov iding amenities for the people; making life easier for the popula tion 各式俱全 wide selection; large assortment

顾客第一 Customers first 顾客是我们的皇帝 We take customers as our Gods. 规格齐全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specific ations 花样繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs 货色齐全 goods of every description are available. 客商第一,信誉第一 clients first, reputation first 款式多样 a great variety of models 款式活泼端庄 vivid and great in style 款式齐全 various styles 款式新颖 attractive designs; fashionable(in) style; novel (in) de sign; up-to-date styling 款式新颖众多 diversified latest designs 美观大方 elegant appearance 美观耐用 attractive and durable 品质优良,疗效显著,誉满全球,欢迎选购 excellent quality, evident effect, good reputation over the world, orders are welcome. 品种多样 numerous in variety 品种繁多 great varieties 品种齐全 complete range of articles; a great variety of goods

送东阳马生序原文和翻译

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2019英语四级翻译常用词汇:教育词汇 成人夜校 night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate 充电update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town 大学社区 college community 高等教育 higher education 高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts 理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering 师范学院teachers’ college; normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高考(university/college) entrance examination 高校扩招 the college expansion plan

教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education 九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 课外活动 extracurricular activities 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic courses 专业课 specialized courses 课程表 school schedule 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学分 credit 启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange 人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC) 适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate

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