园艺专业英语
萼片 sepal
花瓣 petal
雄蕊 stamen
心皮 carpel
转化 transform
突变体 mutant
花的 floral
繁殖的reproductive
草坪dormant 休眠
turfgrass 草坪草
lawn 草坪草
mower 割草机
mulch覆盖，覆盖物（n）；覆盖树根(vt)
mulch applicator 覆膜机
Lolium 黑麦草属
tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) 高羊茅
perennial 多年生的
annual 一年生植物（n）；一年生的（adj）
ryegrass (Lolium perenne) 黑麦草
productive高产的
productivity 生产力
cultivate栽培，耕作
cultivar 品种
cultivation under cover保护地栽培
cultural practice栽培措施，栽培技术，栽培实践
culture system栽培系统
forage 草料
翻译Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is widely planted in many regions of the world and is closely related to a lot of Lolium species including perennial r yegrass (Lolium perenne) and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). The Festuca-Lolium complex possesses well-adapted, highly productive grass species. These cultivated forage grasses provide invaluable economic and social benefits as forage and turf grasses per year.
tiller n. 耕种者, 分蘖 vi. 分蘖
apical dominance 顶端优势
agronomic traits 农艺性状
agronomist农艺学家，农学家
density 密度
plant stature （height）株高
mow用镰刀或割草机割草
Increasing tiller number and reducing the apical dominance in turfgrass are one of the most important agronomic traits for turfgrass industry because tiller number per plant determines lawn density and plant stature reduced lessens the mowing, which could make a significant contribution to future improvement of turfgrass quality
cytokinin 细胞分裂素
auxin 生长素
bud 芽（n）；发芽，萌芽（vi）
axil 叶腋
axillary 腋窝的，叶腋的，腋生的
deterioration 腐烂，变坏，退化，堕落
Cytokinin and auxin contribute to apical dominance through an antagonistic
mechanism.
Auxin from the terminal bud restrains axillary bud growth causing the shoot to lengthen.
Cytokinin (from the roots) stimulates axillary bud growth.
Auxin cannot suppress axillary bud growth once it has begun.
fungicide 杀真菌剂
photosynthesis 光合作用
photosynthate 光合产物
senescence 衰老
mass质量，大量
green up in the spring 春季返青
tolerant to drought (salinity/ heat)耐旱（盐、热）
resistant to drought (salinity/ heat)抗旱（盐、热）
Benzyladenine（苄基腺嘌呤） (synthetic cytokinin) and triazole （三唑）fungicides stimulate the growth of turfgrasses. Various studies with cool season turfgrass have shown that auxin can improve photosynthesis, reduce senescence, increase leaf and shoot numbers, and enhance shoot and root mass.
creep爬行，蔓延
habit习性
stolon 匍匐枝
indeterminate不确定的，无限的
determinate确定的，有限的
Japanese lawn grass shows quite uncommon creeping habits; the development and expansion of its stolon is unusually vigorous and entirely indeterminate. wilting; wilt（使）萎蔫，（使）枯萎；枯萎（n）
withering 使干枯的，进行干燥处理的（adj）
adversity; adverse situation;
unfavorable conditions逆境
brown patch褐斑病
Kentucky bluegrass草地早熟禾
pathogen病原，病原体，致病菌
This paper mainly introduces the host, symptoms, harmfulness and pathogen of brown patch disease of Kentucky bluegrass.
sprinkler irrigation 喷灌
drip irrigation滴灌
furrow irrigation沟灌，畦灌
osmotic渗透的，渗透性的
osmotic adjustment渗透调节
osmotic potential 渗透势
osmotic pressure 渗透压
dehydrin 脱水素
dehydration 脱水
abscisic acid脱落酸
stomatal气孔的
stomata气孔
carbohydrate碳水化合物，糖类
antioxidant抗氧化剂
heat shock 热激
It has been identified that among various mechanisms, osmotic adjustment and dehydrin proteins induced may confer drought tolerance, while abscisic acid may contribute to drought avoidance by closing the stomata in turfgrass. Alternation of carbonhydrate and antioxidant metabolism, induction of heat shock proteins, and cytokinin synthesis are involved in protecting cool-season turfgrasses from
heat stress injuries.
Flower differentiation, pollination and fruit set
external 外部的, 客观的, [医]外用的, 外国的, 表面的n.外部, 外面
internal内在的, 国内的
hormonal 荷尔蒙的，激素的
inflorescence 花序
Both external and internal requirements for floral initiation vary with species. The first step is floral induction, involving hormonal and possibly other biochemical changes that cause cells within a bud to begin organizing a flower or inflorescence.
deciduous 每年落叶的、脱落的
perennial 多年生的
annual 一年生植物，一季生植物
Deciduous perennials usually initiate flowers just after shoot growth ceases and when leaves are mature. Presumably the interaction of specific physiologic and environmental factors provides the proper balance of endogenous hormones to cause initiation.
endogenous 内生的，内源的
graft 嫁接（v/n）
girdling 环剥
prune 剪除
florigen 成花（激）素
phloem 韧皮部
defoliate 除叶，使…落叶
herbaceous 草本的
fig 无花果
cherry 樱桃，樱桃树
apricot杏，杏树
Most deciduous fruits start to initiate flowers at the end of the grand growth period for shoots, when the leaves near the buds are mature. Exceptions are the nonwoody strawberry, the fig (无花果), and to some degree the peach, which continue shoot growth late in the summer.
primordia 原基
differentiate 分化
pollen花粉；传花粉给
pollinate 对…授粉
pollination授粉
anthesis开花，开花期
deficiency 缺乏，不足
deficient
deficency symptom 缺素症
boron 硼
reproduction繁殖
(a)sexual reproduction（无）有性繁殖
nut坚果
stigma柱头
style花柱
embryo sac胚囊
Sexual reproduction and seed development in fruits and nuts hinge on pollination. After reaching the stigma, the pollen grain germinates and the pollen tube grows down the style and into the embryo sac, where fertilization takes place. After this, a seed may develop along with the fruit.
embryo 胚
endosperm 胚乳
xenia 种子直感，异粉性
metaxenia 果实直感
astringent 收敛性的，严酷的，涩的fruit set 坐果
plum李树
almond 扁桃树
malus苹果属
parthenocarpy 单性结实
gibberellin赤霉素
raspberry 悬钩子
blackberry黑莓
currant 黑醋栗
gooseberry 醋栗
kiwi 猕猴桃
blueberry越橘
cranberry大果酸果蔓，蔓越橘
Fruit set 坐果
micropyle (珠孔，卵孔)
ovary 子房
synergid助细胞
anther 花粉囊
dioecious 雌雄异株的
calyx花萼
Pruning Fruit Trees
pruning 修枝，剪枝，修剪
cultural practice 栽培措施，栽培技术，栽培实践
sprout 长出来，出现，发芽，萌芽；苗，芽，嫩枝，徒长枝
branch分枝
Pruning is an important cultural practice used to maintain the size of fruit trees. It involves the removal of plant parts, which stimulates vegetative growth, and reduces fruitfulness.
heading-back cut短截thinning-out cut 疏剪training 整形，整枝
shoot 新梢
Framework 骨架
seedling 小树
scaffold branches主枝formative years形成期reinvigoration 更新Central leader 中心领导枝Grafting
cut n.伤口, 切口
grafting n.嫁接法
bud n.芽，蓓蕾
scion n.幼芽
cleft n.裂缝，隙口
navel orange 脐橙
rootstock 砧木
budding 芽接法
stenting 片断接法，平接，断根嫁接root grafting根接法
propagation繁殖
root collar 根颈
机械参考资料专业英语试题含答案
2010-2011第二学期专业英语试卷A答案 1.Translate the following Chinese terms into English ( one point for each,20 points for all) 1) 汽车与工程机械automobile and construction machinery 2) 筑路机械road-making machine 3) 发电机generator 4) 起动马达self starter 5) 方向盘steering wheel 6) 进气门inlet valve 7) 齿轮泵gear pump 8) 机油滤清器oil filter 9) 差速器differential 10) 摩擦式离合器friction clutch 11) 蓄电瓶storage battery 12) 铲土运输机scraper 13) 塔式起重机tower crane 14) 叉车fork lift 15) 商业车辆commercial vehicle 16) 变速箱transmission box (gear box) 17) 带式输送机belt conveyer 18) 步履式挖掘机walking excavator 19) 颚式砸机jaw crusher 20) 履带和轮胎track and tire 2.Translate the following English terms into Chinese (one point for each, total 20 points) 1) gasoline and diesel 汽油和柴油 2) flywheel and cam 飞轮和凸轮 3) disk brake 盘式制动器 4) mechanical vibration 机械振动 5) power steering 动力转向 6) vibratory roller 振动式压路机 7) hydraulic torque converter 液力变矩器 8) piston ring 活塞环 9) suspension system 悬挂系统 10) cab and chassis 驾驶室与底盘 11) radiator 散热器 12) fuel-injection system 燃油喷射系统 13) air compressor 空气压缩机 14) lubrication and lubricant 润滑与润滑剂
风景园林专业英语(第一二课翻译)
The practice and theory of Landscape Architecture 景观规划设计理论 【1】Landscape Architecture involves the five major components:They are natural process，human factors，methodology，technology，and values，whatever the scale or emphasis of operation，these five components are consistently relevant.Social and nature factors clearly permeate every facet of a profession that is concerned with people and land. Problem solving，planning，and design methods apply at all scales.Good judgment is consistently required. 风景园林设计包含五个主要方面:自然进程、社会进程、方法论、技术、价值观,无论规模尺度或运作的重点各不相同,这五个要素一贯是相关的。社会因素和自然因素的因子充斥着这个关系到人与土地的领域的方方面面。解决问题,规划、设计方法都会用到所有的尺度。正确的判断判断是一贯必须的。 【2】Consider how natural factors data are relevant to both planning and design.At the regional scale，the impact of development or change in use on a landscape must be known and evaluated before a policy to allow such action is set.An inventory of the natural factors，including geology，soils，hydrology，topography，climate，vegetation and wildlife，and the ecological relationships between them is fundamental to and understanding of the ecosystem to which change is contemplated.Equally important is an analysis of visual quality .Land use policy can thus be made on the basis of the known vulnerability of resistance of the landscape.In other circumstances the natural processes which add up to a given landscape at a give moment in its evolution may，as at Grand Canyon and other unique places，be considered a resource to be preserved，protected，and managed as a public trust.On a smaller scale，soil and geological conditions may be critical in the determination of the cost and the form of building foundations: where it is most suitable to build and where it is not.Sun，wind，and rain are important factors of design where the development of comfort zones for human activity or the growth of plants is a primary objective.Thus，in many ways natural factors influence land use，site planning，and detailer design. 自然因素的考虑与规划和设计都有关系。在区域尺度上，关于利用方面的开发变化的影响，在政策制定之前，必须了解和评估景观的脆弱性和敏感性。详细的自然因素,包括地质的、土壤的、水文的、地形地貌的、气候的、植被的和野生动物的、以及它们之间的生态关系是理解它将要改变的生态系统的基础。同样重要的是视觉质量的分析。土地利用政策的基础是由于了解到景观的脆弱性和抗损性的基础上建立的。在某些发展进化的过程中，一些在特定的时刻作用到特定的景观的自然进程会产生一些公共资源,比如科罗拉多大峡谷，让我们后人去保护它和管理它。在小尺度上，土壤和地质条件是决定建筑的成本和建筑基础形态的关键要素——哪里适宜建立以及哪里不适宜。设计是为人类发展活动找到适宜的空间或者以植物的生长为主要目标，因此，阳光,风和雨是设计最重要的要素。因此,场地和区域的自然要素在景观规划和设计的许多过程当中相互作用。 【3】The social factors apply equally at various scales.In site planning and landscape design，cultural variation in the use and appreciation of open space and parks and the physical and social needs of the young and old are some of the many variables to be considered in a design process that aims to be responsive to social values and human needs.In decisions relates to appropriation of landscape for recreation and aesthetic value people’s perception of t he environment and the
《机械工程专业英语教程》课文翻译
Lesson 1 力学的基本概念 1、词汇： statics [st?tiks] 静力学；dynamics动力学；constraint约束；magnetic [m?ɡ＇netik]有磁性的；external [eks＇t?:nl] 外面的, 外部的；meshing啮合；follower从动件；magnitude [＇m?ɡnitju:d] 大小；intensity强度，应力；non-coincident [k?u＇insid?nt]不重合；parallel [＇p?r?lel]平行；intuitive 直观的；substance物质；proportional [pr?＇p?:??n?l]比例的；resist抵抗，对抗；celestial [si＇lestj?l]天空的；product乘积；particle质点；elastic [i＇l?stik]弹性；deformed变形的；strain拉力；uniform全都相同的；velocity[vi＇l?siti]速度；scalar[＇skeil?]标量；vector[＇vekt?]矢量；displacement代替；momentum [m?u＇ment?m]动量； 2、词组 make up of由……组成；if not要不，不然；even through即使，纵然； Lesson 2 力和力的作用效果 1、词汇： machine 机器；mechanism机构；movable活动的；given 规定的，给定的，已知的；perform执行；application 施用；produce引起，导致；stress压力；applied施加的；individual单独的；muscular [＇m?skjul?]]力臂；gravity[ɡr?vti]重力；stretch伸展，拉紧，延伸；tensile[tensail]拉力；tension张力，拉力；squeeze挤；compressive 有压力的，压缩的；torsional扭转的；torque转矩；twist扭，转动；molecule [m likju:l]分子的；slide滑动; 滑行；slip滑，溜；one another 互相；shear剪切；independently独立地，自立地；beam梁；compress压；revolve (使)旋转；exert [iɡ＇z?:t]用力，尽力，运用，发挥，施加；principle原则, 原理，准则，规范；spin使…旋转；screw螺丝钉；thread螺纹； 2、词组 a number of 许多；deal with 涉及，处理；result from由什么引起；prevent from阻止，防止；tends to 朝某个方向；in combination结合；fly apart飞散； 3、译文： 任何机器或机构的研究表明每一种机构都是由许多可动的零件组成。这些零件从规定的运动转变到期望的运动。另一方面，这些机器完成工作。当由施力引起的运动时，机器就开始工作了。所以，力和机器的研究涉及在一个物体上的力和力的作用效果。 力是推力或者拉力。力的作用效果要么是改变物体的形状或者运动，要么阻止其他的力发生改变。每一种
专业英语试题及答案私有
广东纺织职业技术学院2010～2011学年第一学期 《专业英语》期中考试参考答案 一、单词翻译（英译汉） titrimetric 滴定的analysis 分析 reagent 试剂titrant 滴定剂 flask 烧瓶oxidation 氧化 precision 精密度standard solution 标准溶液sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠Equilibrium constant 平衡常数equilibrium. 平衡manifest 出现，表明equilibrium concentration 平衡浓度frictional flow 有摩擦的流动ionization constant 电离常数correct for 做……的修正molarity 物质的量浓度compressed gas 压缩气体neutralization 中和device 装置，设备plus 正的，加的elevation 海拔，地理高度neutral 中性的positive-displacement 正位移 meter 米，公尺，计， 表，仪表 reciprocating 往复的，来回的sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠piston 活塞 external 外部的(常与to 搭配) centrifugal pump 离心泵，离心抽 机 in the absence of 缺乏……时， 当……不在时 rotational 转动的，轮流的 at the expense of 归……付费，在 损害……的情况 下 rotational velocity 旋转速度 compensation 补偿，赔偿stream 溪，川，流，一 股，一串，河流 specific 特定的upstream station 上游截面 streamline .流线downstream station 下游截面 二、单词翻译（汉译英） normal to surface 垂直于传热面discharge 滤饼卸料 correspondence 符合，一致ceramic 陶器的 momentum 动量，动力，要素filtrate 滤液 momentum transfer 动量传递opening 孔 random motion 随机运动，无规则 运动 colloidal particle 胶体微粒 diffused 扩散的configuration 构造，配置 adjacent .邻近的，接近的fluctuation . 波动，起伏 vibrating 振动的，振荡的atm(atmosphere) 大气压(1atm＝ 101. 3 kPa) bulk temperature (远离表面的)流vane (风车、螺旋桨等
园艺专业英语
萼片sepal 花瓣petal 雄蕊stamen 心皮carpel 转化transform 突变体mutant 花的floral 繁殖的reproductive 草坪dormant 休眠 turfgrass 草坪草 lawn 草坪草 mower 割草机 mulch覆盖，覆盖物（n）；覆盖树根(vt) mulch applicator 覆膜机 Lolium 黑麦草属 tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) 高羊茅 perennial 多年生的 annual 一年生植物（n）；一年生的（adj） ryegrass (Lolium perenne) 黑麦草 productive高产的 productivity 生产力 cultivate栽培，耕作 cultivar 品种 cultivation under cover保护地栽培 cultural practice栽培措施，栽培技术，栽培实践 culture system栽培系统 forage 草料 翻译Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is widely planted in many regions of the world and is closely related to a lot of Lolium species including perennial r yegrass (Lolium perenne) and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). The Festuca-Lolium complex possesses well-adapted, highly productive grass species. These cultivated forage grasses provide invaluable economic and social benefits as forage and turf grasses per year. tiller n. 耕种者, 分蘖vi. 分蘖 apical dominance 顶端优势 agronomic traits 农艺性状 agronomist农艺学家，农学家 density 密度 plant stature （height）株高 mow用镰刀或割草机割草 Increasing tiller number and reducing the apical dominance in turfgrass are one of the most
园艺专业英语词汇合集
园艺词汇合集 Aalsmeer 荷兰的一个地名 Abbott 艾博特(猕猴桃品种) abrtion 败育 adscission 脱落 abscission zone 离区 accentuate 突出，强调，着重强调 ackonwledgement 承认，确认，感谢 acre 英亩 acrylic 丙烯酸 Actinidia 猕猴桃属 actual yield 实际产量 adult mite 成虫 aechmea fasciata 美叶光萼荷，又名蜻蜓凤梨，淡玫瑰花色aesthetically 审美地，美学观点上的 agamous 无性的，无性生殖的 age distribution年龄分布，树龄分布 ageing 腐熟，熟化
aggregation 集合，团聚作用 agricultural prodution systen 农业生产系统 Agrobacterium tumefaciens 根癌农根菌 agroecosystem 农业生态系统 agronomic 农艺学的，农事的 agronomist 农艺学家，农学家 alfalfa 紫花苜蓿 allocation 分配 alluvial deposit 冲积物 alphabetical 依字母顺序的，字母的 alternate bearing 大小年结果amendment 调理剂 ample 充足的 anatomical 解剖的 aneuploid 非整倍性(的) anion 阴离子 annual 一年生植物，一季生植物 anther 花粉囊，花药 anthocyanin [植]炭疽病 antibiotic 抗生素 anti-drop film 无滴膜
电子技术专业英语试题及参考答案_A卷_amajide
分1. There can be no doubt the 1900s is remembered as the electronic century. A. which B. that C. what 2. Electrons, as one knows, are minute charge of electricity. A. negative B. positive C. reverse 3. A resistor is an electrical component that the flow of electrical current. A. increases B. changes C. resists 4. Frequency is the reciprocal of the period, if the period is 4ms, then the frequency would be . A. 4m/s B. C. 25Hz 5. The sixth power of two is . A. 12 B. 36 C. 64 6. A capacitor will block current, but appears to pass current by charging and discharging. A. DC …IC B. AC …DC C.
DC …. AC 7. For a 4-band resistor with “color code ”, the first band is the values. A. hundreds B. tens C. ten 8. An electronic device often used for amplifying voltage and current is _____________. A. transistor B. conductor C. diode 9. In a diode, current flows in ________ direction across the junction. A. only one B. two C. three 10. A __________ amplifier provides signal amplification with little or no distortion, so that the output is proportional to the input. A. nonlinear B. linear C. 1.电压有效值（ ） 2. 微处理器（ ） 3.电子元件（ ） 4.公共端插孔（ ） 5.外阻（ ） 6.放大器（ ） 7.脉冲直流（ ） 8.电压源（ ） 9.系统设计（ ） 10.逻辑运 算（ ） （1）internal resistance （2） pulsating DC （3）voltage sources （4）logic circuits （5）RMS voltage （6）logic operation （7）external resistance （8）number systems （9）Microprocessor （10）amplifier （11）common jack （12）digital logic circuits （13）system design （14）anode of diode （15）electrical 三、短语翻译（每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 1. Passive electrical circuits 2. Assembler language 3. The address bus 4. Analog multimeter 5. Semiconductor material 6. chip holders 7. peak-to-peak voltage 8. dual-trace oscilloscope 9. Flowchart 10. Signal generator 四、句子翻译（每小题 5 分，共 201. The impact of digital integrated circuits on our modern society has been pervasive. Without them, the
园艺中英文对照表
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园艺专业英语翻译（中→英） Lesson1 part A 1、protected (structure) horticulture is defined as a cultivation method taking use of heat keeping ,chilling prevention or cooling and rainproof facilities to prevent the crops production from being influenced or seriously done by natural seasons and to artificially create a microclimate environment suitable for growing horticultural crops in cold or hot weather hat actually unfavorable to the crop development .it is also termed as out-of-season culture ,season-off culture or forcing culture .because of the season in which horticultural crops are planted is hand for their growing in open field. 2、Windbreak、cold –frame 、hot-frame、 plastic-clad tunnel and greenhouse could provide a variety of vegetable seeding for open field or protected culture or protect seeding of cold tolerant vegetable living through the winter ,for early planting and acquirement of early mature products. 3、In respect of structure type, the largest horticultural structure area in our country consists of plastic tunnels and lean to houses, especially the energy-sawing solar greenhouse, which has become the dominant greenhouse type in the country. Presently the development of large greenhouse or multi- span house has been initiated. Lesson2 part A 4、In horticultural crop cultivation under structure the key point of environment management for growers is to create optimal complex of environmental conditions for crop growth and development, as possibly as they can, according to properties and environmental demand of crop. Lesson3 part A Lesson4 part A 1、most soil amendments are consisted of the increasing of organic matters ,addition of specific nutritional elements and ph adjustment 2、the soil is an important constitute of the land loamy soil must consist of soul particles with proper ratio ,with equilibrium of nutrients ,in which contains some organic matter ,and with considerable moisture Lesson5 part A Lesson6 part A 1、sink demand of horticultural crops extremely affects photosynthetic ,for example ,leaf photosynthesis noticeably decrease when potato tubers are removed during their growth short-term response may be stomato close effect ,but this cannot explain common continuous effects ,sometime when the source-sink ratio increases significantly ,some old leaves can renew their photosynthesis functions ,on the other hand ,rapidly growing sinks sometimes compete with leaves for mobilizable nitrogen and this results in abscission of leaves and lower photosynthesis capacity. 2、It is not clear yet that how the sink demand affect photosynthesis of leaves .the simplest explanation is that photosynthesis accumulated in leaves restrain photosynthesis . however trials for examining
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