2020年高考英语新题型写作技巧六 非谓语和写作易错词1

2020 年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧

专题（六）非谓语+写作易错词

不言而喻，非谓语在英语语法中有举足轻重的作用。非谓语有很多形式，如：doing, done, to do, having done, being done, to be doing, to be done, to have done 等。它们在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语、

状语、定语等；做状语时可以表示伴随、原因、目的、结果、条件、时间、让步等功能。一篇好的书面表达，过多的简单句会使得句与句之间的关系松散和单调；过多的复杂句也会使整篇文章显得累赘不堪。所以考生要学会使用非谓语动词，不仅会使句子形式多样，也会使得文章读起来结构紧凑，言简意赅。特别注意的是，非谓语是文章概写和故事续写一个很重要的写作技巧，一定要多加练习。

一．运用非谓语动词转换简单句

利用非谓语可以使用以下方法把有关联的简单句变得高级和地道。

1.写出两个相关联的简单句；

2.找准两个简单句的对接点，把其中一个句子变为主干即主句，另外一个句子用非谓语动词进行改

写，确定好其在整个主句中的成分是主语还是其它成分；

3.在非谓语的选择上，还要考虑非谓语动词的时态和语态。

例：①. I long to improve myself by reading some books.

②. The books were written in the Tang Dynasty.

写出两个简单句后，可以确定第一句为主句，第二句为非谓语。由于第二句的write 和主语the

books 是被动关系，所以用过去分词done 做定语。

I long to improve myself by reading some books written in the Tang Dynasty. (2017 全国一卷书面

表达)

尝试把以下几个句子转变成非谓语。

①. Every one you will be welcome to take part in it. You can enjoy the movie, have a heated discussion

afterwards and give your comments.

Every one of you will be welcome to take part in it, enjoying the movie, having a heated discussion

afterwards and giving your comments.(2018 全国二卷书面表达)

②. Mount Tai stands in Shandong Province. It has long been a popular tourist spot. Many Chinese

legendary stories are attached to it.

Standing in Shandong Province, Mount Tai has long been a popular tourist spot, with many Chinese

legendary stories attached to it. (2017 北京高考书面表达)

③ . In the newspaper of our school there is a column and it is called “Foreign Culture”. It aims to

introduce American customs and the life of high school students.

In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Culture”, aiming to introduce

American customs and the life of high school students. (2015 全国一卷书面表达)

二．运用非谓语动词转换复合句

在复合句当中，我们只需要找出主句，把剩下的从句变成非谓语即可。这时，我们也需要判断非谓语做什么成分，并把握好非谓语动词的时态和语态。

例：Since you have realized that your time is limited, you’ll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation.

把since 引导的原因状语从句转换成非谓语动词，realize 和you 之间为主动关系，且表示完成

时，所以用现在分词的完成时做状语。即：

Having realized that your time is limited, you’ll have to study for your goals without anger or

hesitation. (2014 安徽高考书面表达)

尝试把以下几个复合句转变成非谓语。

①. After I heard your lecture, I was clear how western music influenced the UK and how it would

develop in the future.

Having heard your lecture, I was clear how western music influenced the UK and how it would

develop in the future.(2019 天津高考书面表达)

②. Although she was tired and exhausted, she managed to make a flag with yellow blouse.

Tired and exhausted, she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse. (2016 浙江高考书面

表达)

③. Because I thought that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to

work it out in a different way.

Thinking that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it

out in a different way. (2015 湖南高考书面表达)

考生在书面表达中运用非谓语的时候需要注意非谓语动词形式和语态的选择；另外也需要注意非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般要和主句的主语需要保持一致。三．

非谓语动词常用的写作句型

1.remain to be done…

Many questions have to be settled and much remains to be done in our educational work.

2.what/how/where/why 等疑问词+ to do

We debated over what to put into the video. (2017 北京高考书面表达)

Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figures. (2015 北京高考书面表达)

3.连词when/while/once/unless/although…+ doing/done

While working, I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun. (2019 北京高考书面表达)

4.be easy/difficult/challenging…to do…

In some experts’ opinion, living conditions on Mars are difficult to tolerate.

5.prefer to do…rather than do…/would rather do…than do…/ would do…rather than do….

Nowadays some teenagers prefer to chat with strangers online rather than talk with their

parents face to face.

6.having done…

Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.

7.…,doing…

The wolf noticed them and turned its head back, shouting loudly at Paul and Becky.(2017 浙江高考书面表达)

Jane jumped to her feet, waving her handmade flag and crying for help. (2016 浙江高考书面表达)

8.…, done…/done…,….

Absorbed in every move of mine, the foreign students were once amazed by this unique culture.

(2018 北京高考书面表达)

9.only to do…

What’s worse, I found myself having a fever this morning and I went to the clinic for immediate treatment, only to be advised to stay in bed for three days.

10.judging from/by…

Judging from the expression on her face, she must have news of great excitement to tell us. https://www.360docs.net/doc/815519718.html,pared to/with…

Compared to the traditional shoes, they have three unique functions. (2014 湖南高考书面表达)

12.be said/reported/believed/considered…to do…

A bus full of passengers was reported to have gone out of control on a highway south of the

city.

13.with +宾语+ 宾语补足语, 独立主格结构

With the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events can be held, of which ping-Pong,

football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. (2018 全国三卷书面表达)

In the picture, a boy in worn clothes sits beside a shabby wooden table with a pile of bamboo

books on it. (2015 福建高考书面表达)

14.Whoever…needs to/should/will/is... 任何…… 的人都需要/应该/会……

Whoever signs up for the competition will have to register firstly.

提升训练

一．选择合适的非谓语动词形式改写下列句子。注意非谓语的时态和语态。

1.He had won the game. All of them sang and danced all night.

2.When the medicine is taken on time, the medicine is effective.

3.The little is dressed in red. She looked pretty.

4.The flowers smelled nice. They attracted many visitors.

5.All those came to the party last night. They are my friends.

6.The money was needed for the sick child. It was soon collected.

7.The young man is talking with the children. He is a famous singer.

8.He was known as a famous expert. He received many invitations.

9.If we are given a little more time, we will do better.

10.I didn’t know what to do. I had to ask my parents for advice.

11.He had failed in the exam. He didn’t play computer games any more.

12.Because I haven’t finished my work, I have to stay at home.

13.There was no bus. So he had to walk home.

14.If time permits, I will go shopping this afternoon.

15.He cried suddenly. Tears rolled down his cheeks.

16.All the people here like the novel. It is written by Tom.

17.The boy came to school late again. This made the teacher very furious.

18.The students were making the most of time. They wanted to finish the work earlier.

19.If it is carried out continuously, it will benefit all of us greatly and we are sure to make obvious

progress.

20.When we are faced with difficulties, we need friends to give us comfort and help.

21.When I know that our library is going to buy some books, I’d like to give you some suggestions.

22.After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the

winner.

23.If time permits, we’ll watch a film there, which is surely about the history of Yendang Mountain.

24.We can set out early so that we’ll hav e more time to read and select books.

25.Because I learn about your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking

university, one of the best universities in China.

题目一

【答案】1. Having won the game, all of them sang and danced all night.

2.When taken on time, the medicine is effective.

3.Dressed in red, she looked pretty.

4.The flower smelling nice attracted many visitors.

5.All those coming to the party last night are my friends.

6.T he money needed for the sick child was soon collected.

7.The young man talking with the children is a famous singer.

8.Known as a famous expert, he received many invitations.

9.(If) given a little more time, we will do better.

10.Not knowing what to do, I had to ask my parents for advice.

11.Having failed in the exam, he didn’t play computer games any more.

12.Not haven’t finished my work, I have to stay at home.

13.There being no bus, he had to walk home.

14.Time permitting, I will go shopping this afternoon.

15.He cried suddenly, (with) tears rolling down his cheeks.

16.All the people here like the novel written by Tom.

17.The boy’s coming to school late again made the teacher very furious.

18.The students were making the most of time (so as/in order) to finish the work earlier.

19.(If) carried out continuously, it will benefit all of us greatly and we are sure to make obvious progress.

20.(When) faced with difficulties, we need friends to give us comfort and help.

21.Knowing that our library is going to buy some books, I’d like to give you some suggestions.

22.Having practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner.

23.Time permitting, we’ll watch a film there, which is surely about the history of Yendang Mountain.

24.We can set out early (so as) to have more time to read and select books.

25.Learning about your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking university, one

of the best universities in China.

二．用非谓语动词翻译下列句子。

1.在写这本书时，由于亲自品尝过一些不知名的植物，李时珍遭受了很多折磨。

2.回顾过去的两周，我们情不自禁地想起了我们课堂上进行的那些激烈的讨论。

3.他所有的注意力都集中到那本书上，我进来时他都没有注意到。

4.我很熟悉我的城市，所有我有责任告诉在出口的乘客怎么到达他们的目的地。

5.随着社会快速发展，我们很有必要掌握好英语和电脑。

6.由于我对那件事感到抱歉，所以我开始思考能做点什么来发挥作用。

7.我非常荣幸在这里与你们分享我关于高中学习方面的观点。

题目二

【答案】1. While writing the book, Li Shizhen suffered a lot from tasting unknown plants on his own.

2.Looking back on the past two weeks, we can’t help thinking of the heated discussions we had in class.

3.With all his attention fixed on the book, he didn’t notice when I came in.

4.Knowing my city well, I will have the responsibility to tell the passengers at the exit how to get to their

destinations.

5.With the society developing rapidly, it’s essential for us to have a good knowledge of English and

computer.

6.Feeling quite sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help.

7.It’s my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.

三．阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。请尝试用非谓语动词。

One day, my brother and I were alone in our apartment. The reason was that my parents had both gone for a ball party and had left me in charge of everything. I was doing my homework while my

younger brother was watching TV. All of a sudden, the doorbell rang. Ding-Dong! Ding-Dong! My

younger brother had rushed to the door before I decided to answer the door. We both thought that our

parents had come home. As a result, he unlocked the door and opened it.

Outside of the house stood a man who wore a black raincoat and black rubber boots. He looked no different from other people and he said that he was a salesman and asked politely if our mother or

father was at home so he could talk with them.

Without any thinking, my brother said, “No.” He asked if we would like to buy some comic books, which he was selling. I quickly explained to him that we were not supposed to buy anything without

our parents’ permission. Howev er, it seemed that he was not willing to follow my advice and he had an

intention to enter our house.

Then, I realized something terrible would happen. As I was about to close the door, he forced his way into our house. He took out a knife and forced me to tie up my brother’s hands with some rope

which he took out from his pocket. I tied up his hands but I tied it in a special way so my brother could

untie himself as we often did. The man then tied my hands up and locked both of us in the kitchen.

Soon, he went upstairs to search the bedroom for something valuable. I managed to teach my brother to untie the rope on his hands. He then untied me. I rushed to the telephone to call the police,

but line was dead.

注意:

1.所续写短文的词数应为150 左右;

2.至少使用5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语:

3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;

4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1 :

The doors were all locked from the outside and what’s more, I did not have the keys.

Paragraph 2 :

Just at the same time our parents came back home.

题目三

【答案】

The doors were all locked from the outside and what’s more, I did not have the keys. But luckily, the man forgot to lock the kitchen window. Both my brother and I managed to get out of the house through the window, running to the nearby police station and asking them for help. The police arrived at our house as soon as possible. And as a result, the man was caught.

Just at the same time our parents came back home. The police asked my family to go to the police station. It was at there the police told us that the man was a wanted robber pretending to sell comic books and they had

been looking for him for a long time. The police praised my brother and me for our braveness. When going back home, I told my parents the whole story about the robbery. Although thankful that we were not hurt, they still scolded me for not stopping my brother from opening the door to strangers. I learned a lesson on safety and responsibility.

写作易错词拼写

拼写错误是考生们在书面表达中常见的错误之一。以下是一些常见的写作易错词拼写总结，供参考，希望考生们认真拼写，检测自己是否能拼对。

（一）

直到害羞地幸运地幸好可怕地毁坏(v)

相信收到开始(n.) 决定(v)旁边划分(v)

士兵午餐电大学学院演讲

文化习俗知识政府组织道歉（v.）

道歉(n.) 发达的将来进一步词汇杂志

出版毕业(v) 祝贺(v) 立即最喜爱的人口

首都文章节日

亚运会邀请

欢迎

发明

健康(n.)

科学成就

绅士们

广场准备(v) 维修比较余暇公里

农业工业生产(v)

小学初中的高级的

桥梁

辩论

创造

手机

情景

西南的东部的西部的现代的角落交通

中央的全球的沿海的实验经验总统

进步水平蔬菜水果收集贫困

地址机器计算机研发拓展眼界

技术行李透过彻底的虽然极其

美元出席英镑

注意

自豪的

严格的

攻击

在海内外

吸引(v) 尤其

中心

百分之第一感恩

第二

事故

第五

活动

第九

发音（v., n.）

第十二第四十

运动员音乐家物理学家化学家科学家镇静（v.）经理编辑警察教授播音员班长

访客成功（v.）成功（n.）胜利失败(n.) 冠军

短信通道旅客信息演出(n.) 节目

（二）

日历会议学科竞赛对比接触合同

聚集一起总共文法好几个入口

正确的控制播出是否天气预报

校园图书馆保护(v) 抗议诚信政策

生产(n.) 引进(v) 开幕式省贡献(n)

导致过程日记安排(v) 机场口头通知实践品格最终显然家长不满意的突然过错争论单独的展览失踪(n) 价格奖表扬惩治(v) 便捷的交通

惬意的高兴(n) 高兴的疑惑的惊讶的失望的

天堂灾难情况利益强调忽视

作文污染(n.) 环境当地的部，系伦敦

不列颠澳大利亚日本意大利法国德国

周日周一周二周三周四周五

周六 1 月 2 月 3 月 4 月 5 月

六月七月八月九月十月十一月

12 月春夏秋冬季节

如今环绕(v) 围绕增长的更喜欢(过) 听说(过) 计划冻结的感兴趣的害怕的发生获益

发送度过借给举行坐带来支付买卖觉得赢落下游泳教广播

带去穿写（心）跳听见显示投掷击中

发言驱车织吹获捕升起飞乘坐值（成本）选择躺唱

答案（一）

until shyly luckily fortunately terribly destroy(ed) believe receive beginning decide beside divide

soldier lunch electricity university college speech

culture custom knowledge government organize apologize apology develop(ed)future further vocabulary magazine

publish graduate congratulate immediately favorite population

capital article festival welcome health (n.)gentlemen(pl.) Asian Games invite invent scientific achievement square prepare repair compare spare kilometer agriculture industry produce bridge create situation

primary junior senior debate mobile telephone southwest eastern western modern corner traffic

central global coastal experiment experience president progress (u)level vegetable fruit collect poverty

address machine computer research broaden horizon technology luggage through thorough although extremely

dollar pound proud attack attract especially

attend(ed)attention strict at home and abroad center

percent gratitude accident activity pronounce pronunciation

first(1st)second(2nd)fifth ninth twelfth fortieth

athlete musician physicist chemist scientist calm

manager editor policeman professor announcer monitor

visitor succeed success victory failure champion message passage passenger information performance program(me)

答案（二）

calendar conference contest contrast contact contract gather together altogether grammar several entrance correct control(led)broadcast whether weather forecast campus library protect protest honesty policy production introduce opening ceremony province contribution cause course diary arrange airport announcement practice character eventually apparently parent dissatisfied suddenly fault argument separate exhibition disappearance price prize praise punish convenient transportation pleasant pleasure pleased puzzled surprised disappointed paradise disaster circumstance benefit emphasize neglect composition pollution environment local department London Britain Australia Japan Italy France Germany Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday January February March April May

June July August September October November December spring summer autumn winter season nowadays surround (v.)around growing preferred heard planned frozen interested frightened happened benefited

send—sent spend-spent lend-lent hold—held sit—sat bring—brought pay-- paid buy-bought sell—sold feel—felt win—won fall—fell–fallen swim—swam—swum teach—taught broadcast-broadcast(ed)-broadcast(ed) take—took—taken wear--wore—worn write—wrote—written—writing beat—beat—beaten hear—heard-heard show—showed—shown throw—threw—thrown strike—struck-struck

speak—spoke—spoken drive—drove—driven weave-wove-woven blow—blew--blown catch—caught—caught rise—rose--risen fly—flew—flown ride—rode—ridden cost—cost—cost choose—chose—chosen lie—lay—lain sing-sang-sung