托福听力以及速记

托福听力以及速记
托福听力以及速记

Listening

Warming Up

听力考试三大考点:

>音

>语

>题

▲注意音变(连读)

e.g. 1.quite~ill~at~ease (=nervous=panic=jitters =cold feet)

2.pop~art~exhibit

▲词汇积累(注意某些词的发音)

deposit reverse rate存款准备金率

exchange rate

interest rate

trade surplus/deficit 贸易顺差/逆差

sandbreak 防风林

full of beans=red-blooded=energetic=on the go= having a lot of energy精力充沛

humanitarianism 人道主义(练发音)→abbr. ≤4 letters

You cold shoulder. (give sb. a cold shoulder 对……冷淡) (pun,一语双关)

Tomato, tomato. (前者发/t?'meit?u/,后者发/t??mɑ:t?u/) 半斤八两

trans-oceanic 跨海大桥

Ukraine/ ju:'krein/ 乌克兰

siren (不是念“死人”)汽笛,报警器

Buick 别克

▲四大热点

经济:Greece、Dubai、credit crisis……

环保:Copenhagen accord

健康:obesity、Asthma

安全:nuclear crisis

▲词的深度

seism (=earthquake), seismic

deluge (=flood)

havoc (=disaster, catastrophe)

Morakot 台风莫拉克(顺带各种台风诡异名字)注意人名的各种固定翻译 e.g. Dr. Sun Yatsen 孙中山Chou Yunfat 周润发

landfall v.风暴登陆

meteorology 气象学

▲文化特色词

Culture notes——

(→:意为,取代)

down-sizing 裁员

the disadvantaged = the poor chairperson主席→chairman

mail carrier →mailman

flight attendant空中乘务员

police officer →policeman

prostitute

pensioner →senior people/ old people

想去洗手间的委婉说法:

wash my hands

pick some flower (0.0)

find the John (John无故躺枪)

go somewhere

go to the restroom/ bathroom

domestic engineer →servant

domestic executive →housewife (这两个说法太冠冕堂皇了!……)

中文音译过去的词(吐槽无力):

Bonsai 盆栽

Coolie 苦力

Unit 1

音的考点

注:

C:辅音

V:元音

Semi-V:半元音

1sound liking

多词连读stepping~on~an~ant

take~it~out~on me朝我出气

tough it out

C+V→S:

night out

max out 精疲力竭

brush up on sth.突击复习

burn the midnight oil 开夜车(=cram)

more haste, less pace. 欲速则不达。

C+Semi-V →过渡音

规则:t+j →/ t?/

d+j →/ d?/

s+j →/?/

z+j →/?/

e.g. last year

cut you loose

tease you (cf. tissue)

use your ~?(cf. usual)

C+(h+V)→击穿连读(h略过)

e.g. tax~haven

all on~his own

household

I lent him a black hat.

Take hold of

*is a comeback~at~his~age~at~all likely?

2失音Sound Omission(听写)

<1>失爆:爆破音(plosives)蓄而不发(p b t d k

g)

Taiwan is China’s sacre(d) territory.

听写时注意截音回补(把听到的音记下来未发出来的音回过头再补上)

crac(k) down

sta(te) council

whi(te) pollute

state monopoly

basic state policy

state-owned enterprice

trade barrier

wide screen tech

task group (特种部队)

cf.:talk fast /talk fest

<2> 叠合两辅相同取其一

black~case work 暗箱操作

antique~car 老爷车

speed~date 速配

blind~date 相亲

part-time job

take care

③同化assimilation

V+V →过渡音

规则:u+V→w

i+V→j

The rain has no end in sight. (=endless) Nothing to it 没什么大不了的

Just do it.

④浊化

<1> [s]后

<2>连读时

<3>美音t/tt →d

Betty bought a bit of better butter.

Got a lot out of it

Start it all over again

⑤重读accent change

规则:两处变化弱→强

强→/?/

method→methodically

error →erroneous

Brevity is the sole of wit. 文以简为贵。(brie f→brevity)

get back to normality

⑥弱读

On behalf~of~all~of~us

It’s~as~if~it never happened

but +I/you/he/she 时

[and 相关词组]:ham and eggs

safe and sound

forgive and forget 既往不咎

name and shame

Unit 2

Multiply

①一词多义

e.g. hot She’s a hot chick

It is Africa hot

hot bed 犯罪滋生的温床

hot spring

hottest 炙手可热

pick up :学会/ 涨/ 收拾/ 捎

②多词一义

e.g. be good at

= be well versed in

= be an old dog

Every dog has its day.

Dog day 夏日

Shark=pro.

He knows one thing or two about English. 他精通英语。

----What have you been up to lately?

----Nth. much./ Same old, same old.

R-tard 智障

----What’s up?

----What’s up./ Nth.

Culture Shock

In the red 没钱亏损vs in the black 钱财亏损BLACK——black spot 犯罪率高的地方

black tea

black sheep 害群之马

黑——黑马:dark horse

黑巧克力:dark chocolate

黑社会:gangland

黑手党:mafia

洗钱:dirty money laundry

鸡腿肉:dark meat

青一块紫一块:black and blue

请客吃饭:My treat.

On me.

Pick up the tab/bill.

My dollar.

AA:Split it.

Go 50, 50.

Separate check.

喝酒:Cheers.(喝)

Hit the hatch.(喝完)

需要记住的缩写:

NATO(北约)=North Atlantic Treaty Organization

DINK=double income, no kids

UNESCO=United Nations Educational, Scientific, a nd Cultural Organization

OPEC=Organization of Petroleum Exporting Count ries

APEC=Asia Pacific Economics Cooperation

IMF=International Monetary Fund

MBA=Master of Business Administration

CEO=chief executive officer

GDP=gross domestic product

GNP=gross national product

CPI=consumer price index

PPI= producer price index

TMD=tactical missile defence

推荐书单:《Yes, Prime Minister》

(待续)

Unit 3

▲缩写法(熟词缩写):

1长单词:开头字母+词缀法

★辅音为主

示例:

n=tion/sion

s=cious/tious/cius (e.g. tenacious 顽强的→te nas)

y=ity/lity/city/sity

m=ism (e.g. chauvinism沙文主义→cha m r=ture/sure

~=ing

O=”人”

2普通单词:音节法3letters

3短单词:头尾法(辅音)

4考试高频词:特殊音法

e.g. tho=though

thru=through

thr=their/there

thmS=themselves

⑤单字母类:

w=with →wX=without wIn=within wDr=wit hdraw

b=be →b4=before

e=every →eb、eth、ed、ew、nth、nb ……

r=are/relationships

⑥数字类

4 →b4、4cast、4ml

2=to →F2F=face to face P2P=peer to peer

9=night →29=tonight

4+3=foremost

⑦符号类

←from

→after

= equal

/ different

+ many/much

+2 more/比

+3 most/最

⑧两次合成:只记前一词+后词开头字母(大写)

e.g. subordinate →subO

▲词义辨析:贵与便宜

expensive 广义的贵

costly 抽象的贵

dear 稀有的贵

pricy 【口语】

rip-off 敲竹杠

It cost me an arm and a leg. 花了我一大笔钱

clearance 清仓

cheap 廉价劣质的

a good bargain价廉物美的(减价的/讨价还价)get a deal 买到便宜的

▲一些合成词

bio- bio-medical bio-weapon bio-chip b io-clock

job- job-hunter job-security job-hoppe r job-axe(裁员)

▲数字习语

0:He is such a zero = gd 4 nth. 一无是处

1:one of a kind = unique

one in a million 百里挑一

one of those days 倒霉

2:kill 2 birds with 1 stone 一石二鸟

Two heads are better than one.

Two peas in a pod. 一模一样

5:work 9 to 5:朝九晚五

9:on cloud nine 及其开心、飘飘然

10:ten to one that…十有八九、很可能Zillionaire:超级富翁

▲应试技巧

①最快时间确定主题(20s)★首段高频词

②符号化高频词→极易出现(2个左右)

③高难空格(≤8 words)将前一空格做个标记

④汉字化预测内容(翻译成汉语)

Unit 4

【高口长段子】位置高于一切!

①主题原则:注意长对话前三回合/talk 前三句

②听记原则:边听边选,多听多选,笔记+标记

③顺序原则:(同IELTS)

★读题时上下关联,推测话题,挖掘线索

★牢记出题位置,“守株待兔”

★边听边选,切忌听完再选

▲六大出题点:

①采访话题

②被采访人的身份和行为

③Q&A

黄金规则:1.回答人 2.首句★注意预读&判断性别

④“唠叨”现象(同一个点重复3遍以上)

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