英语语法完全攻略第二讲 练习部分
词法：以动词为中心
总论：
意义：表示动作 & 状态
时态：共16种时态
变化：语态：（主动 & 被动）（第三节）
动词语气：陈述，祈使，虚拟（第四节）
限定动词：用作句子的谓动，被主语限定，有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式
种类：动名词
非限定词：分词现在分词
过去分词
时态
以work 为例进行讲解
虚拟语气
①在名词从句中：should +原形
ask, advise, beg, command..+宾语从句
It is natural/ decided…..that+从句
It is my proposal….. that+从句
②在非真实条件句中:三种基本形态
混合时间虚拟句
倒装虚拟句:should/were/ had….
含蓄虚拟句：without，but for….
③其他情形：wish
if only
as though/ as if
it is ( high) time(that)…
一般现在时和现在进行时
1.我弟弟每天游泳
2.喜玛拉雅山是全世界最高的山
3.我们都喜欢中国菜
4.他不喜欢冰淇淋
5.每个人都喜欢狗
1.他们在看电视
2.她在和她妈妈打电话
3.我现在正在吃饭
4.他在看一本小说
5.我在写一封信
1.他正在唱歌
2.他喜欢游泳
3.他会唱歌
4.他正在唱歌
5.他的爸爸是一个医生
6.他的爸爸在美国
7.我正在洗澡
8.他正在睡觉
9.你的妹妹在骑脚踏车
10.你的妹妹每天骑脚踏车上学。
1.The front page of a newspaper______(contain) the most important news of the day.
2.John_____(always , not, go) to school late. That is to say, he_____(sometimes, attend) school late. He______( be, generally) a good students. He (be always) ready to help others.
3. The stock matket ____( rise) and _____( fall ) as its internal feature(内在规律)
4. If it _____(rain )tomorrow, we will have to put off our sports meeting.
5. The mother ______(often, take) her son to school before she____(go) to work.
6. I ____(leave) for Beijing now.
7. A: Look! It _____( snow).
B: it is wonderful! This is the first time I’ve ever seen snow. It _____( snow, not) in my hometown.
8. Every coin _____( have) two sides.
9. Mozart(莫扎特)_____( write) more than 600 pieces of music.
10. I will give the book to him when I _____(see) him.
一.一般过去时和过去进行时练习
1.他的哥哥昨天打电话给我
2.我去年到美国去
3.昨夜我遇到你的妹妹。
4.我写了一封信给你。
5.他昨夜非常疲倦
1.当火车停下的时候，他在看报（read newspaper）
2.昨天晚上八点钟，我在家看电视
3.当我爸爸昨晚打电话给我的时候，我正在刷牙（brush my teeth）
4.当他弟弟回家的时候，他在拉小提琴
5.当我爸爸回家的时候，我妈妈在烧饭
1.他在打篮球
2.他喜欢打篮球。
3.他昨天打篮球
4.他每天骑脚踏车上学
5.他昨天骑脚踏车到乡下去
6.他去年非常虚弱
7.他每天都努力工作（work hard）
8.他过去是个好学生。
1. I _______（like）to play piano.
2. He _______（walk）to school every day.
3. He ______（eat）now.
4. He _______（go）to see his mother yesterday.
5. He _______（read）a book when I went to see him yesterday.
6. He ________（be）a Catholic when he was a child.
7. He_______ （swim）when I called him.
8. I ______（take）a bath when my mother called me.
9. I ________（like）to swim when I was young. Now, I don’t because I am too old.
10. I ________（be）a student when I was young. Now I am a teacher. 改错
1. They are driving when I went to see them yesterday.
2. It rained here very often in Taipei.
3. He gives his book to his brother last month.
4. He go to work every morning.
5. He goes to church last Sunday.
6. It rains last night.
7. I am playing when you called.
8. It is raining when I drove to work last night.
9. He always wear a black coat.
三．完成时
1.自从1980 年以来，他一直是一位老师
2.从他是一个小孩开始，他就是一个基本督徒（Christian）
3.过去三年我都在开这部车
4.我已吃过早餐了
5. 我已收到了你的信
6. 我从未去过美国
7. 我见过你的祖父。
8.我曾经看过乱世佳人（Gone with the Wind）
9.今年我去过海滩三次
1.昨天我去看＂乱世佳人＂（Gone with the Wind）
2.我从未看过＂乱世佳人＂
3.去年，我住在美国
4.自从1985 年，我就一直住在美国
5.他从未去过英国
6.他已经完成了报告
7.我昨天晚上完成了报告
8.昨夜，我见到了你的父亲
9.我已经见过你的父亲很几次了
10.我终生都住在中国
1. 自从我们是小孩子起，我们就一直努力工作
2. 从去年起，他就在念英文
3. 从昨天起，就一直在下雨
4. 从五时起，他就在做功课（do homework）
5. 从三岁起，我就一直住在深圳
1.我十四岁以前，就曾见过你的母亲
2.我1974 年以前，曾去过美国
3.六年前，他曾念过圣经（the Bible）
4.我念大学以前，曾经是个工程师（engineer）
5.你来以前，我曾打电话给你。
6.在我昨天晚上吃饭以前，曾和李先生见过面
7.在他辞职（resign）以前，他是个很校长（president）
8.在他去世（die）前，他是个很医生
9.在他到教堂以前，他一直在练习唱歌
10.在今天早上八时以前，天一直在下雨
四．将来时
1. 我明天要上教堂（go to church）
2. 他下周一要和我见面。
3.他明天要整理这个房间（clean this room）
5. 我明天晚上回家以後，就打电话给你
6. 我毕业以後会去念法律
7. 明天你走以後，我要看电视.
8. 明天我会去台南
9. 今天晚上我要写一封信给你
10.今晚，我要等我的哥哥
1. I _____(be) in America next year, after I _____(graduate).
2. I_____ (explain) this to you tonight after I ______(read) the report.
3. I______ (see) you tonight.
4. As soon as you_____ (come) to see me, I_______ (give) you my book.
5. When you______ (arrive) in New York tomorrow, Tom_____(be) in the airport to meet you.
6. I _____(go) to church after the rain stops.
7. I______ (watch) the new TV program after you _____(leave).
8. When you _____(get) here tomorrow, everyone ______(wait) for you.
9. I ______(get) a job as soon as I get out of college.
10. He________ (have) dinner very late tomorrow.
11.I________ (quit) my present job, after I________ (find) a better one.
1. I _______(watch) the baseball game tomorrow night.
2. He_______ (finish) the report when you arrive at his home.
3. I _______(wash) my car tonight when my mother comes.
4. They_________ (play) their violins when the clock strikes twelve.
5. He_______ (complete) writing this program before ten o’clock tonight.
6. He_______ (be) the president for three years next May.
7. I _______(wash) my car when you come tonight.
8. I _______(read) this report before six o’clock tomorrow eve ning.
9. Peter_____ (dance) in the streets if Mr. Robertson is elected president.
10.I______ (drive) four hundred miles tomorrow.
将以下中文句子译成英文
1.彼得生于1965 年，他从小就对绘画感兴趣，自从1975 年起，他
就一直在练习绘画。
现在他是一个很有名的画家
2. 我的哥哥明天会来看我，他来的时候，我会在家里看电视。
我喜欢看有关医院的社交活动
3. 在我小的时候我常常喜欢打篮球，现在我不打篮球了，因为我曾有一次车祸（car accident）
4. 我现在在打电话给我的母亲，我的母亲现在88 岁，她在深圳已经住了60 年
5. 在我去美国以前，我曾经去过英国，当我在英国的时候，我碰见了一个美丽的女孩子，她后来成为我的太太
1. He teaches those English classes.
2. They bought two houses.
3. I painted this room.
4. He helps his students.
5. I sold the house.
1. He has written three novels.
2. He will write that letter.
3. They will sing these songs tomorrow.
4. He will give the speech.
5. They are painting the house.
1. The farmers here do not grow apples.
2. I have not written that letter.
3. He will not speak English.
4. My mother does not eat that kind of fish.
5.John has not written that report.
时态语态MBA实战演习：Traffic Jams in Most Cities
With the development of social economy and the improvement of
people’
dramatically. However, the problem of traffic jams in many cities
people enjoy the convenience of the cars, and even worse it seems that people are not prepared to give up their cars and use other forms of transport.
As we know, the problems of traffic jams in
city roads. What’s more, the large quantity of harmful gas
and has negative influence on people’s health. Even so, people are not likely to give up their cars and use other forms of transport. The reason is not only that the car enable people fully enjoy the freedom of life, and go anywhere they want to go, but also that the cars symbolize the wealth and status of owners.
Based on so far, it follows that some
to provide citizens with better services so that they are willing to use their cars less frequently. Another way is to introduce relevant policies and laws to restrict car use, such as time restrictions, road limitations and the raising of oil price etc. Only through these ways can we get out of this dilemma effectively and successfully.
三种基本形式：
If I knew the meaning of the word, I wouldn’t have to look it up.
__________________________________________________
If the flowers had been planted earlier, they would have been in bloom(开花)last week.
_________________________________________________________
It would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow.
__________________________________________________________ If he were to come here, how would you tell him about this?
倒装虚拟
Had he not been promoted, he would never have remained with the company.
________________________________________________________ Should I win the lottery, I would buy a car.
_____________________________________________________
Were he to leave today, he would get there by Monday.
_________________________________________________
含蓄虚拟
Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work on time.
We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
But that the doctor arrived on time that day, they could have been deaf. But for you help, we couldn’t have finished the work on time
But that you helped us, we couldn’t have finished the work on time. Given more time I would have been able to finish the test.
其他虚拟句型：
Wish
I wish I were a little younger.
I wish I had been there.
I wish you would shut up.
If only
If only you had followed my advice!
If only I were taller.
If only the rain would stop.
As is/ as though
I really don’t care for the way you are speaking to me. It seems as if you were my father.
He talked as if he had known Tom for a long time.
It is (high) time (that)….
Don’t waste your any more. It is time you thought about your future.
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