Environment雅思环境专题写作

10. Environment Problems

基本词汇：ecological balance 生态平衡；sustainable development 可持续发展；environmentalist 环保主义者；recycle 再利用；joint effort 共同努力；raise public’s awareness of..提高公众的…意识；shortage 短缺；pollute/contaminate 污染；poisonous/toxic 有毒的；renewable resources 可再生资源；non-renewable resources 不可再生资源；biodiversity 生物多样性；discharge/emission 排放；global warming 温室效应；ozone-layer 臭氧层；non-biodegradable garbage 不可降解的垃圾

例句：

United we can stand against the threat of ecosystem, divided we fall to deal with the formidable challenge.

Government should set up strict and relevant laws, regulations, and policies to secure the (sustainable development of mankind). Punishment, in financial form or other feasible means, should be employed as a warning to the people and institutes who commit (environment threatening/damaging behaviors)

【全球变暖论据】(Global warming), causes deserts to expand,

rivers to dry up, droughts to intensify and melting of the polar ice caps which may lead to the intrusion of salt water into fresh water supplies.

例证：

Under the effect of global warming, the ice cap has lost 40% of its thickness in 40 years. Its surface area in the summer shrinks year by year. It could disappear before 2030. Some predictions suggest 2015.

20% of the world’s population consumes 80% of its resources.

The world spends 12 times more on military expenditures than on aid to developing countries.

5,000 people a day die because of dirty drinking water.

1 billion people have no access to safe drinking water.

Nearly 1 billion people are going hungry.

Over 50% of grain traded around the world is used for animal feed or biofuels.

40% of arable land has suffered long-term damage.

Every year, 13 million hectares of forest disappear.

One mammal in four, one bird in eight, and one amphibian in three are threatened with extinction.

Species are dying out at a rhythm 1,000 times faster than the natural rate.

3/4 of fishing grounds are exhausted, depleted or in dangerous decline.

The average temperature of the last 15 years has been the highest ever recorded.

The ice cap is 40% thinner than 40 years ago.

There may be at least 200 million climate refugees by 2050.

鼓励人们行动起来的例句：

The cost of our action is high. Others pay the price without having been actively involved. I have seen refugee camps as big as cities, sprawling in the desert. How many men, women and children will be left by the wayside tomorrow?

Must we always build walls to break the chain of human solidarity, separate peoples and protect peoples the happiness of some from the misery of others?

It’s too late to be pessimist. I know that a single human can knock down every wall.

It’s too late to be a pessimist. Worldwide, four children out of five attend school. Never has learning been given to so many human beings. Everyone, from richest to poorest, can make a contribution. Lesotho, one of the world’s poorest countries, is proportionally the one that invests most in its people’s education. Qatar, one of the world’s richest states, has opened its doors to the best universities. Culture, education, research and innovation are inexhaustible resources.

In the face of misery and suffering, millions of N.G..Os prove that

solidarity between peoples is stronger selfishness of nations. Expressing an Opinion

1) Environmental problems are too big for individual countries and individual persons to address. In other words, we have reached the stage where the only way to protect the environment is at an international level. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? (11.05.07 = 04.02.28, 04.05.15)

2) Some people think pollution and damage of environment are resulted from a country developing and becoming richer, which this is hard to be avoided. To what extent do you agree or disagree? （10.10.23）

3) Now environmental problems are serious, ordinary people can do less to improve this issue, so government and large companies should be responsible for reducing the damage. To what extent do you agree or disagree? （10.10.30）

4) Some people believe that air travel should be restricted because it

causes serious pollution and uses up the world's fuel resources. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

5) Long distance flight uses more fuel than car and brings pollution to the environment. We should restrain non-essential flight rather than limit the use of car. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Evaluating Points of View

1)Many people think cheap air travel should be encouraged because it gives ordinary people freedom to travel further. However, others think this leads to environmental problem, so air travel should be more expensive in order to discourage people from having it. Discuss the both sides and give your own opinion. (11.04.02 = 08.06.14)

Advantages and Disadvantages

Causes, Problems, and Solutions

1) Many people think it is very important to protect the environment but they make no effort to do it themselves. Why do you think it is

the case? What actions can be done to suggest individuals protect the environment? (11.04.16 = 08.09.13)

2) Today, we have entered a “throw-away society” and are filling up our environment with plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. What are the cause of this phenomenon ad what measures do you recommend to solve this problem?