名词性从句精讲
名词性从句专题
在一个句子中，名词能作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。当我们在一个句子中用一个句子来担当主语、宾语、表语和同位语时，这个句子就叫做主语从句、或宾语从句、或表语从句、或同位语从句。这些从句的统称为名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组。所以按其句法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的有连接词that, whether 和if，关系代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever以及关系副词when, where和how。
任何一种从句都必须由一个引导词来引导。引导名词性从句的引导词在语法上称为连接词。而连接词又根据它们在句子中的不同作用又被划分为：连接词连接代词连接副词. 一、名词性从句的引导词有：
连接词：that、if、whether
连接代词：who/ whom/whose/what/which/wh_ever
连接副词：when/where/why/how/
二、各种连接词的用法：
1.连接词that、whether、if 不在它们引导的主语从句中充当句子成分。
2. 连接代词who、whose、what、which等都在句子中担当一个句子成分。比如：主语、宾语、表语、定语等等。
3. 关系副词when、where、how、why等分别在句子中作时间状语、地点状语、方式状语等等。
主语从句（The Subject Clause）
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词在从句中起名词的作用，在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等；连接副词在从句中起副词的作用，作状语。例如：
1.从属连词that 引导的主语从句
That light travels in straight line is known to all. 众所周知，光是以直线传播的。
It so happens that I know the man. 碰巧我认识那个。
Is it certain that they will win 他们一定会赢吗
由it作形式主语that引导的主语从句
常以it作形式主语的句型有：
A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain,
probable, etc.)+that从句。如：
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
注：necessary, important, natural, strange后面用虚拟语气(should) do
It is natural that they should have different views.
B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, a fact, a shame, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise,
good news etc.)+that从句。如：
It’s a pity that you didn't attend the lecture yesterday.
It's a fact that English has been widely used in the world.
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
C. It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从
句。如：
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
D. It+seems, happens等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。
It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。
It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.
E.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真
的吗？
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗？
F.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：
How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪！
2.Whether引导的主语从句可置于句首，if引导的主语从句只能放句末。
Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她来不来都没有关系。（主语从句，不可用if代替whether）
Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.
It is doubtful whether /if the work can be completed on time.
3.Wh- 类连接词引导的主语从句
连接代词有who, whom, whose, what ,which，whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等; 连接
副词when ,where, how, why，whenever, wherever, however等。
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.
英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
Whoever comes to the club is welcome. 不论谁来参加这个俱乐部都欢迎。
Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.凡是值得做的就值得做好。
注：Wh- 类连接词引导的主语从句可置于句首也可置于句末，置于句末借助形式主语it代替
wh-从句
Who will be in charge of the project hasn't been decided yet.= it hasn't been decided yet Who will
be in charge of the project.
句型It doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
宾语从句（The Object Clause）
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句：动词或介词及形容词的宾语从句。
A. 作动词宾语
He told us（that）he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。
Do you know whose dictionary it is 你知道这是谁的字典？
He has informed me when they are to discuss the work plan. 他已经通知我他们将什么时候讨论工作计划
Give a reading list to whoever comes. 给所有来的人一份阅读书目。
注意：
doubt（怀疑）的肯定句接if/ whether引导的宾语从句，但否定句和疑问句接that引导的宾语从句。
I doubt whether if he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。
I do not doubt that he can recite the poem. 我相信他能把这首诗背下来。
Do you doubt that he will win 你不相信会获胜吗
B．作介词的宾语
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. 他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it. 你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
They were praised or criticizd according to how they had done their work. 他们受表扬还是受批评是根据他们工作好坏而定。
He goes to the library every day except when it is raining. 除了天下雨外，他每天都去图书馆。
注意：
that引导的宾语从句只用在少数介词后，如：except, in, but等。此时，that不能省略。
I know little about him except that he lives downstais. 我对他知之甚少，只知道他住在楼下。
He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading. 他和他的同学们不同的地方在于他把业余时间用在阅读上。
C. 作形容词的宾语
I am not sure what I ought to do. 我不能确定我该做什么。
I'm afraid (that) you don't understand what I said. 恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I'm suprised (that) I didn't see all that before. 我好奇怪，我以前没见过那一切。
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被
省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.
他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要
求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如：
I insist that she (should) do her work alone.
我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.
司令员命令部队马上出发。
2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等
关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
例如：I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。
4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不
同时态。
例如：he studies English every day. （从句用一般现在时）
he studied English last term. （从句用一般过去时）
I know (that) he will study English next year. （从句用一般将来时）
he has studied English since 1998. （从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，
过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用
现在时态。
例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．
5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词
变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。
例如：We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
6.可以运用形式宾语it的宾语从句后
1)动词后有宾补时，大多需要it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries,
I find it important that i should make a quick decision about the matter.
2)有些动词带宾语从句时要在宾语从句前加形式宾语it。这类动词有hate, take , have ,see to
等
I take it that you will agree with us.
Please see to it that the children go to bed by 9 o' clock.
表语从句（The Predicative Clause）
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语宾语从句的关联词大致
一样，表语从句位于连系动词后。
The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
A．可接表语从句的连系动词
可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。
China is no longer what she used to be. 今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。
The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
Itappears that he has a taste for music.看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力.
At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't t think of the right word anyhow. 当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
B．as, as if/though引导的表语从句
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
It sounds as ifsomeone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。
C．because, why引导的表语从句
I think it is because you are talking too much. 我想这是因为你话说得太多。
That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because 强调原因）That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（Tha's why 强调结果）
注意
what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，一般不宜用because。
The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me. 我难过的原因是他没有理解我。
What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 使他丧命的原因是他太粗心了。
D．使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用should+动词原形表示，should 可省略。常见的词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, insistence, plan, idea等。
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
His proposal was that they (should ) challenge the other classes to afriendly competition. 他的提议是挑战别的班级进行一场友谊竞赛。
同位语从句（The Appositive Clause）
同位语从句用于对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。同位语从句一般由that引导，但也可以由whether 以及连接代词和连接副词引导。
A．同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, hope, idea, news, doubt, suggestion, information, opinion, decision, discovery, truth, promise, statement, problem, rule等的后面。
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。Where did you get the idea that I could not come 你在哪儿听说我不能来？
I have no idea whether he'll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going t spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
There is no doubt that we will win. 毫无疑问我们会赢的。
注意：
当含有同位语从句的主句谓语部分过短时，可以把谓语动词提前，使同位语从句与名词隔开，以避免头重脚轻的现象。
Word came that Mr President would come and inspect our school himself. 有消息说总统先生将亲自来视察我们学校。
B．使用虚拟语气的同位语从句
在一些表示建议、命令、要求的名词后的同位语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形表示，should 可省略。
This is our only request that this (hould) be settled as soon as possible. 尽快解决这个问题，这是我们唯一的请求。
He made the suggestion that we go by train. 他建议我们坐火车去。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that
引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，
作宾语，可以省略）
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面
一、从词类上区别
同位语从句前面的名词只能是：idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词.而定语从句的先行词可以
是名词,代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句.如:
1）News has reached us that he was admitted into Beijing University.
我们得到消息说他被北大录取(同位语从句)
2）The news he told us is not true.
他告诉我们的消息是不真实的.(定语从句)
[高考回放]
1).Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class_____ he had to meet his uncle at the air port.（06重庆）
A. why
B. that
C. where
D. because
[赏析]：答案B. 该题易误选A, 误以为是why 引导的定语从句。但仔细分析可以看出这里the reason 已与“for being absent form the class”搭配，即“缺课的原因”故为他that引导的同位语从句，具体解释说明his reason.
二. 从性质上区别
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。如:
1.Do you know the fact that he was diagnosed with cancer?
你知道他被诊断患有癌症这个事实吗
(同位语从句,补充说明promise具体内容.)
2．These are the facts he collected about her crime
这些便是他收集关于他犯罪的证据
(定语从句,facts在从句中作collected的宾语.)
[高考回放]
1）．（06天津）There is much chance _____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that
B. which
C. until
D. if
[赏析]：答案A. that 是引导词，引出同位语从句，具体解释说明chance 的内容。
2）．(’02上海春季)Is this the reason _____at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A .he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained
[赏析]：答案A 为定语从句，关系代词that/which 被省略了。
三. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句.如:
1．That question whether we need it has not been considered.
我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑.(同位语从句)
2．I have no idea what has happened to him.
我不知道他发生了什么事.(同位语从句)
引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略.that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替.如:
3．The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.
我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了.
(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略..)
4．The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组.
(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略.)
[高考回放]
1). (06安徽)A warm thought suddenly came to me ____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday.安徽
A. if
B. when
C. that
D. which
[赏析]：答案C. that引导同位语从句，具体解释说明thought 的具体内容，
2)(06江苏). The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. which
[赏析]答案D. which 引导非限定性定语从句，指“The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running”这件事。
强化练习：
1. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.( 04上海春招)
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
2. Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way. (04北京春招)
A. it
B. that
C. this
D. which
3.. We're just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.(06山东)
A. where
B. that
C. when
D. which
4.. The Beatles,______ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool(06天津)
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. as
5.——Do you have anything to say for yourselves?(06江西)
——Yes, that's one point——we must insist on.
A. why
B. where
C. how
D./
6.1. Women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don't.（06北京）
A. who ; 不填
B. 不填; who
C. who ; who
D. 不填表; 不填
7..-It's thirty years since we last met.（06四川）
-But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ____ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. when
8. She was educated at Beijing University,________ She went on to have her advanced study abroad.（06陕西）
A. after which
B. from which
C. from that
D. after that
9.Anyway ,that evening, _____I ’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place（’04浙江）
A .when B. where C. what D. which
10．York, ___ last year, is nice old city.(’03北京)
A .that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited
参考答案：
1-5BDAAD6-10 C DADB
注意：
1. whether和if的用法
①whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：
It all depends on whether they will come back.
②后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：
I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan..
③主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句中只能用whether。如：
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
The question is whether they have so much money.
We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.
④whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if
不能。如：
The question of whether they are male or female is not important.
I have not decided whether to go or not.
⑤whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。If表示“如果”时，不
能用whether。如：
Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.
If I have enough time, I will play football.
2、疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别：
①疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如：
Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
You can choose whatever you like in the shop.
②疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,
Whatever you do, you must do it well.
③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：
No matter what you do, you must do it well.
No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.
3、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致、主谓一致、语序。
①宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然
主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
Hello,I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here? The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.
②主语从句做主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个
或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：
When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.
When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.
When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.
③名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：
He asked me what was the matter with me.
We’ve heard the news that well move into the new house.
Whatever you say will interest us all.
4、几个固定句式：
①强调句It is/was +强调部分＋that…….(如果强调部分是疑问词)
eg. Who is it that spoke first?
When was it that they came here?
②关于doubt
sb. doubt if/whether…..
sb. don’t/doesn’t that …….
There is no doubt that …….
Eg. There is no doubt that he will win the game.
③疑问词＋do you think+(用陈述句语序)
eg. Who do you think we invited to give us the talk?
名词性从句精讲(讲解+练习)
名词性从句精讲 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。That he will come h ere surprises me. I know that he will come here. The news is that he will come here.The new that he will come here surprises me. 一、名词性从句的相同点：1.结构 2.连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 从属连接：that, whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 二、四大名词性从句的剖析 1.主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that 在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如： That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. 上星期他突然生病了让我们很惊讶。 Whether he will be able to come remains a question.他是否能够来仍然是一个问题。What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： （1）It + be +形容词+主语从句It is very interesting that he likes such kind of books. （2）It + be +名词+主语从句It is a pity that he missed the lecture. （3）It + be +动词的过去分词+ that从句It is said that they have won the game. （4）It +不及物动词+ that从句It seems that something is wrong with the computer. 另注意在主语从句中用来表示必须、理应如此、建议、要求等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 2.宾语从句 名词性从句用作宾语叫宾语从句，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词的宾语。引导宾语从句的连接词与
高考英语一轮复习 名词性从句精讲精练学案 新人教版
高考英语一轮复习名词性从句精讲精练学案新人教版 名词性从句的几个难点 that通常不可省略的三种情况 (1)引导主语从句，that置于句首时。 That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed. 他考试不及格让父母很失望。 (2)当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略。 I wished (that) we could go sighting in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some books on our way back in Shanghai. 我希望今年夏天我们能去杭州旅游，并在返程时在上海买些书回来。 (3)由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that也不可省略。 He has made it clear that he wouldn’t agree to the plan. 他已清楚表明不同意这项计划。 what和that在名词性从句中的区别 (1)what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语和表语，意义上相当于the thing(s) that，引导主语从句时，其谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数而定；what引导的从句可作介词的宾语从句。 What he wants are those books.他需要的是那些书。 What he wants is some water.他需要的是一些水。 A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.一个现代化的城市已经在10年前还是一块废地的地方建造起来了。 (2)that不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义；引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，谓语动词用单数；引导宾语从句时，常被省略；that从句一般不充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in的宾语。 That she will refuse the offer seems unlikely. (＝It seems unlikely that she will refuse the offer.) 她不可能拒绝那个建议。 I have found (that) all the tickets have been sold out.
名词性从句讲解与辨析
英语语法：名词性从句语法讲解 时间：2016-10-08作者：来源：精品学习网 笔者在此就名词性从句中的几大易错点进行分析，希望对同学们有所帮助。 [关系代词和关系副词的误用] 例1 （2016·全国卷Ⅰ） My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 解析 that→where。本题考查宾语从句，引导词在从句中充当地点状语，所以将that改为where。 例2 （2015·全国卷Ⅱ） As natural architects， the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 解析 how。根据语境和空后的形容词thick可知应用how引导宾语从句，此处表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要“多”厚。故答案为how。 点拨若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则考虑用关系代词；若从句缺少时间、地点、原因、方式等状语成分，则使用关系副词 （when/where/why/how）。 [if和whether的误用] 例3 He asked her the question if they can be friends. 解析 if→whether。question后为同位语从句，只能用whether来引导，故而将if改为whether。 例4 It doesn’t matter so much you will come or not. 解析考查主语从句。句意：你来还是不来，这不怎么重要。代词it作形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句。 点拨在表达“是否”这一意思时，我们经常会用到whether和if，但以下几种情况只用whether不用if： 1. 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中； 2. 在介词后的宾语从句中。如：It all depends on whether they will
高中英语 名词性从句精讲精析
名词性从句精讲精析 ——主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功能同名词一样。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用 who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… (4) it ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。(it is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. )
英语名词性从句练习全集及解析
英语名词性从句练习全集及解析 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．________ manners are very important in every country is known to all，but the trouble is that different countries have different ideas about ________ good manners are. A. That; what B. That; that C. What; that D. What; what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：众说周知，礼貌在每一个国家中都是非常重要的，但是麻烦是，不同的国家对于什么是良好的礼貌有着不同的认识。逗号前有两个谓语动词，一个是are，一个是is known，故是两句话，需填连词连接这两句话，根据句意可知，前面是主语从句，故填that，此处的that，只起连接作用不作任何成分。about是介词，其后是个句子故应填连词把这两句话连接起来，所缺词作are的表语，故填what。因此选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的主语从句和what引导的宾语从句。 2．Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. no matter what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BC项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只能做状语；no matter what只能用来引导状语从句，故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及"特殊疑问词+ever"引导的主语从句。 3． is even more important is the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. A. When; that; when B. What; whether; as C. What; that; as D. lt; whether; as 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】这题考查从句的用法，第一空填what引导主语从句，在主语从句中what做主语，第二空填that引导表语从句，在表语从句中，as是引导时间状语从句，句意是：甚至更重要的是：随着地球的冷却，水开始出现在表面。选C。 4．Has it been announced ______? A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意: 飞机什么时候起飞已经宣布了吗？此处是when引导的主语从句，且要用陈述句语序，故选D。
【高考专题】高考必考语法精讲精练专题10：名词性从句(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练 语法专题十：名词性从句 名词性从句是比较重要的语法项目。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对名词性从句列了四项：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。全国卷新课标Ⅰ对名词性从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。 2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查名词性从句。 2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第71题（短文改错）考查了宾语从句的引导词，My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.本句中须将that改为where。 2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查了名词性从句。 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词可以充当句子的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，因此，名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。 ①What was most important to her was her family.(主语从句) ②I don’t know what you want to say.(宾语从句) ③The good news is that we have won the game.(表语从句) ④The news that we have won the game is true.(同位语从句) 注意：连词that在引导名词性从句时无词义，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略，在引导宾语从句时，口语或非正式的文体中常被省去；疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接词以及关联短语在句中既保留自己的含义又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。名词性从句一般都用陈述句 ．．．的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。例如： ①The problem is what he has done to the little boy. ②We all don’t know when he will come. 1. 主语从句 在复合句中作主语的句子叫主语从句 主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether 和连接代词what, who,which,whatever, whoever以及连接副词how,when,where, why等词引导。例如： ①That he stole a bike was true. ②What he wants to tell us is not clear. ③Who will win the match is still unknown. ④Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.
高考英语必考点专题——名词性从句(精讲深剖)(含解析)
专题14 名词性从句——精讲深剖 一．单句语法填空 1.（2019全国卷I）While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。 2. （2018全国卷III）I'm not sure 61 is more frightened，me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 【答案】who 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从何处突然出现的雌性大猩猩。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，故填who。 二．单项选择 1.（2019江苏卷）Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body. A. what B. that C. which D. where 【答案】B 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。 2.（2018江苏卷）By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived. A. where B. when C. why D. how 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。
高二英语——名词性从句精讲精练
【本讲教育信息】 一、教学内容 寒假专题：名词性从句精讲精练 名词往往在句中充当主语，宾语，表语和同位语。 在复合句中，代替名词充当主语，宾语，表语和同位语的句子统称为名词性从句。 名词性从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。 （一）引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为五类： a.连词：that（无任何词意，不作成分，只起连接作用，宾语从句中常可省略） 1) My hope is that she will soon be well again. (表语从句) 我的希望是她能很快康复。 2) Everybody hopes that she will soon be well again.（宾语从句） 大家都希望她能很快康复。 3) That she will soon be well again is our hope.（主语从句） 她能很快康复是我们的希望。 b. whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性，不作成分） 1) Whether he is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.(主语从句，不能用if) 2) I went in and asked if/whether they had a cheap suit. 3) I wonder whether/if he will come in such bad weather. c. 连接代词：what, whatever, which, whichever, (在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，指物) 1) ____he need is more time. 显然，主语从句：he是主语，谓语动词need缺宾语，因此应填what. 2) Tell us ___you saw and heard during your visit to that university. 3) This is not ___I want. 4) ____some people are against is ___other people are for. 5) The question is which team will win. 6) I have two apples, I don’t know which you want. 归纳：what一般用于不知道内容或范围的句子；which“哪一个……”一般用于给出内容或范围的句子。可作主语，宾语，表语，还可作定语。 d. who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose（在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，指人） 1) Who will give us a lecture is unknown. 2) The question is who will come here. e. 连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever (在从句中作状语) 1) I have no idea how he learned about it. 2) Where she has gone is not known yet. 3) When he will start is not known yet. 4) This is why he is late. 注意：连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。
2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练名词性从句之高考真题精选(3)
名词性从句之高考真题精选（3） 1. Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue. A. which B. where C. how D. what 2. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What 3. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do__________ it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 4. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home. A. what B. that C. which D. one 5. I want to be liked and loved for __________I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how 6. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 7. His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _________it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what 8. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not good enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which 9. The how to book can be of help to ________wants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 10. Could I speak to ________is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 11. __________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. whichever 12. _______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C. This D. Which 13. Having checked the doors were closed, and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. A. why B. that C. when D. where
名词性从句精讲
名词性从句精讲 来源：普特英语 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，包括作主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 (1)主语从句 就是在复合句中作主语的从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引导。如： Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否来还是问题。 That China is a great socialist country is well known. 众所周知，中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。 注：为避免头重脚轻，使句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将主语从句后置。如上述第二 例常说成： It is well known that China is a great socialist country. 但是，由连接代词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句一般不能用形式主语。如：What he found surprised me greatly. 他的发现使我非常吃惊。 Whoever is finished may rest. 凡是做完工的人都可以休息。 (2)表语从句 就是在连系动词之后作表语的从句。引导表语从句的连接除与引导主语从句的连接词外，还有as if，as though。如： The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 问题是他能否单独做这件事。 It looks as if (though) it is going to snow. 天好像要下雪似的。 注意：要区分以下句式： 1. that’s why+结果；that’s because+原因。 2. the reason why /for…is that… He is absent. That’s because he is ill. 他缺席，这是因为他生病了。 He is ill. That’s why he is absent. 他病了，这就是他缺席的原因。 The reason why he is absent is that he is ill. 他缺席的原因是他生病了。 (3)宾语从句 就是在复合句中作宾语的从句。引导这宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。如： They didn’t say which they wanted. 他们没有说他们想要哪一个。 I am sure (that) no harm will ever come to you. 我肯定你永远不会受伤害。 I was surprised at what has happened.我对发生的事感到惊讶。 注意：当think, believe, suppose等的疑问式后面跟连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句时， 习惯上将这些连接词置于句首，即“连接代/副词＋do you think /believe /expect＋宾语从句的
高中英语语法专题 名词性从句讲解与练习
一对一个性化学科优化学案 一、概述 在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。因此，我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (主语从句) The trouble is that she has lost his address.（表语从句） They have no idea at all where he has gone.（同位语从句） Do you remember how he came?（宾语从句） 二、主语从句(subject clauses) 1、概述 在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that 、whether ，关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever ；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever 等。 That you don’t like him is none of my business. What he said is true. Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. 2、从属连词that ，whether 引导的主语从句。 从属连词that ，whether 在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它们在从句中不担任成分，不能省略。 Whether she will come or not is still a question. That they will go is certain. Whether she's coming or not doesn't matter too much. 3、it 作形式主语引导主语从句。 如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可用it 作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。That 引导的主语从句可用it 代替，that 不可省略。 用作it 作形式主语的结构： （1）It is/was +形容词+that 从句 It ’s natural that … 很自然…… It ’s obvious that … 显而易见…… （2）It is/was +名词+that 从句 It ’s a pity that … 遗憾的是…… It ’s a fact that …事实是…… 鹰击长空—基础不丢
高中名词性从句讲解
名词性从句 名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功同名词一样。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：
It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film. It doesn't interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句
It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… (4) it ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)
(英语)中考英语名词性从句解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
（英语）中考英语名词性从句解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案) 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．________ his failure lies is expected ________ clear to us. A. What… to make B. How… made C. Where… to be made D. Why… making 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：他的失败之处有可能被我们弄清楚。分析句子可知，主语从句中的lie为不及物动词，所以主句中缺少状语，因此填where。expect sth.to do.固定短语，“期望某事发生”，sth. be expected to do.意为”某事有可能发生“。make sth. clear to sb为固定搭配，意为“向某人阐明某事，使某人弄清某事”。本句中make的宾语是where his failure lies 是被弄清楚，要用动词不定式的被动形式。因此选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句及固定搭配，本题涉及主语从句和固定短语expect sth.to do. 2．It has been pointed out ________ plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories. A. what that B. which C. that D. that what 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：有人指出，驱除焦虑所起着至关重要的作用是童年美好的回忆。本句时一个主语从句，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that what plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories.，主语从句中又有一个主语从句，且此主语从句中缺少主语，所以用what引导。故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 3． is clear to the members of the committee is that the President will not give in to their demands. A. Who B. It C. As D. What 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：委员会成员清楚的是，总统不会向他们的要求让步。that the President will not give in to their demands.这个句子作表语； is clear to the members of the committee这是主语从句，这里缺少主语从句的连接词，并且连接词在句中作主语，it是代词，不是了；连接词，故排除B；as作主语时，是在定语从句中，故排除C；who指人，根据表语指的事情，不是人，故排除A；what在主语从句中可以作主语或宾语，指事，符合句意，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 4．________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom
名词性从句精讲精练
名词性从句精讲精练 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。 （一）引导名词性从句的连接词 1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。 2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。 （二）主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesn't matter so much whether you will come or not. 3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. （三）表语从句 1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。 e.g. The question was who could go there. 2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。 e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work. （四）宾语从句 1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。 e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right. 2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或whether。 e.g. I'm interested in whether you've finished the work.. I'm interested in what you've said. 3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。
高中名词性从句语法精讲详解
高中名词性从句语法详解 名词性从句：宾主同表（宾从，主从，同从，表从）一、宾语从句 宾语从句的类型 （1）主语+谓语+宾语从句 He said that he wouldn’t take part in the sports meeting. （2）主语+be+adj+宾语从句I’m sure that our team will win. ☆只限于少数adj. sure, certain, afraid, confident, etc （3）主语+谓语+宾（表）语+介词+宾语从句（except, in that在于，因为）He is a good student except that he is a little careless. I like the city,but I like the country better in that I have more friends there 1. 宾语从句的连接词 1）连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略 ★由that 引导的宾语从句在以下情况下不能省略： (1).在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语) 的句型中： 表喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词或词组后习惯上先跟形宾it：hate, love, enjoy, dislike, don’t mind, feel like, appreciate, rely/depend on, count on, see to, take, owe等 We must make it clear that we mean what we say. We heard it that she would get married next month. (2).由and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that 不省略. He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time. (3) 从句前有插入语： He may tell you, for example, that she is interested in Chinese (4）从句主语是that时：He says that that is a useful book (5)当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。 I can’t tell him that his mother died. 2）连词if、whether,它们起连接作用, 在从句中不作句子成分, 作“是否”解,在口语中多用if Tom doesn't know if / whether his grandpa liked the present. ★一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用whether: ①or not连用：I wonder whether he is coming or not. ②在介词后: It depends on whether it is going to rain. ③在不定式前: I haven’t decided whether to go there or not. ④如果用if会有歧义时：Please let me know if you want to go. 如果你想去/你是否想去 doubt引导的宾从，肯定句中用whether or if, 否定或疑问句用that I doubt that whether he can keep it up. I don’t doubt that he can keep it up. 3）连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, 连接副词when, where, why, how:它们起连接作用,作句子成分，各有自己的意义 I wonder where he got so much money The teacher asked the new students which class he was in. 2. 宾语从句的语序（陈述语序） 1）连接词作主语，语序不变（主要注意以下连接词what / who / which / how many） I wonder how many students have finished their homework. I wonder what’s the matter / what’s wrong / what’s up / what happened / what is happening / who did it / which is the best 2）连接词不作主语，主语前不能出现“情/be/助动词” Could you tell me where she has gone? 3. 宾语从句的时态呼应 1）主现从随便（一般不用过去将来和过去完成) 2）主过从过(客观事实，时态不变)：主句是过去时，从句要变成相应的过去时态 4. 其他需要说明的问题 1）标点由主句决定,如主句是陈述句、祈使句,则用句号;是疑问句则用问号。