英语报刊阅读复习

英语报刊阅读复习
英语报刊阅读复习

英语报刊阅读复习一、重点单词:

?1、常用单词:

?aid=assist; help

?alter=change or modify

?ask=inquire

?ban=prohibit or forbid

?blast=explode

?begin=commence

?boost=increase

?check=examine

?claim=cause the death of ...

?clash=disagree strongly

?curb=control or restrict

?dip=decline or decrease

?ease=lessen

?end=terminate

?flay=criticize

?flout=insult

?foil=prevent from

?grill=investigate

?gut=destroy

?head=direct

?hold=arrest

?accord=agreement(协议)

?aid=assistance(帮助)

?aim=purpose(目的)

?arms= weapons (武器)

?blast=explosion(爆炸)

?body=committee, commission(委员会)

?clash=controversy; dispute(冲突)

?crash=collision(碰撞,坠毁)

?deal=agreement, transaction(协议,交易)

?envoy=ambassador(大使)

?fake=counterfeit(赝品,骗局)

?fete=celebration(庆祝(活动))

?feud=strong dispute(严重分歧)

?flop=failure(失败)

?freeze=stabilization((物价、工资等)冻结)

?gems=jewels (珠宝;首饰)

?nod=approval(许可,批准)

?pact=agreement, treaty(条约,协议)

?poll=election, public opinion poll(投票选举,民意测验)?probe=investigation(调查)

?pullout=withdrawal(撤退,撤离)

?rift=separation(隔离,分离)

?set=ready(准备)

?step=progress(进程,进步)

?strife=conflict(冲突,矛盾)

?talk=negotiation(谈判)

?ties=(diplomatic) relations((外交)关系)

?2、常见事物名称:

?Aids(艾滋病)获得性免疫功能丧失综合症(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ?UFO=Unidentified Flying Object

?DJI=Dow-Jones Index

?CPI=Consumer Price Index

PR=Public Relations

?SALT=Strategic Arms Limitation Talks(限制战略武器会谈)

?SDI=Strategic Defense Initiative(战略防御措施)

?GMT=Greenwich Mean Time

?JV=Joint Venture

?IPR=Intellectual Property Rights

?3、职业、职务或职称的简称,如MP(议员)

?PM=Prime Minister(总理;首相)

?FM= Foreign Minister 外长; Finance Minister 财长

?DM= Defense Minister 国防部长

?GM=General Manager总经理

?CEO= Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官

?CFO= Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官

?CMO= Chief Market Officer 首席市场总监

?CTO= Chief Technology Office首席技术官

?COO= Chief Operating Officer 首席运营官

?VIP=Very Important Person贵宾;要人

?TP=Traffic Policeman交通警察

?PA=Personal Assistant私人助理

?pro=professional专业的,职业的

?rep=representative 代表

?Russ=Russia 俄罗斯

?sec=secretary秘书

?tech=technology技术

?4、特殊结构单词:

?1) 截头留尾:

?chute=parachute降落伞

?copter= helicopter 直升机

?Quake= earthquake 地震

?2)截取首尾,保留中间

?flu=influenza流感

?frige= refrigerator 冰箱

?Tec = detective 侦探

?Vic = convict 罪犯or victory胜利

?3)截去中间,保留首尾

?c…tee=committee委员会

?C…wealth=Commonwealth英联邦

?com…l=commercial(商业的,广告)

?gov?t= government 政府

?motel= motor hotel 汽车旅馆

?nat…l=national全国的

?telecast=television broadcast 电视广播

?4)不规则裁剪词

?Aussie=Australian澳大利亚人

?telly=television(电视机)

?Brunch=breakfast + lunch 早中餐ecopolitics=economic politics 政治经济

?N-test= Nuclear test 核试验

?pix=pictures(电影)

?L. America=Latin America 拉丁美洲

?N. Ireland=North Ireland 北爱尔兰

?S.Africa= South Africa 南非

二、知识点

1、

Supreme Court of the United States---------------美国最高法院

District Court-----------------------------------------------地方法院

Claims Court-----------------------------------------------索赔法院

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit----------联邦巡回上诉法院

Court of International Trade---------------------------国际贸易法院

Territorial Courts------------------------------------------属地法院

Court of Military Appeals-------------------------------军事上诉法院

Court of Veterans Appeals-----------------------------退伍军人上诉法院

Administrative Office of the Courts-----------------法院行政管理局

Federal Judicial Center----------------------------------联邦司法中心

2、

Elephant----The Republican Party

Most members are conservatives.

Donkey------The Democratic Party

Most members are liberals.

3、

奥巴马是美国第56届、第44任和第43位总统

关于“届”“任”“位”

美国宪法规定,总统选举4年一次,总统任满4年为一届。如果总统在任期内因故未能满任,另由他人接任,这两位总统为同一届总统。

“任”,是指担任总统职位的次数。一人担任几届总统职务,仍为一任。但一人在不连续的几届总统选举中先后几次当选,当选几次就算几任。

“位”,指担任过总统的实际人数。美国从开始选举总统至今,不论是连选连任,还是先后几次当选,不重复计算,有几位算几位。

4、Quiz: some relevant information about American politics

1. Who is responsible for running for US presidential election?

A. The federal election commission

B. The States

C. Congress

D. The organization for economic cooperation and development

2. US presidential elections are held every_ _ years.

A. Two

B. Five

C. Eight

D. Four

3. What are the major political parties in the United States?

A. Whig and Tory

B. Democratic and Republican

C. Conservative and Liberal

D. Evangelical and Democratic

4. Members of the House of Representatives are elected every_ _ years

A. Two

B. Five

C. Eight

D. Four

5. How long are the terms served by the US senators?

A. Two years

B. Four years

C. Six years

D. Eight years

6. What were the unusual about the 2008 presidential election?

A. There were four major parties instead of two

B. It was decided by the popular vote instead of the electoral college

C. Citizens voted by internet

D. There was no incumbent president or vice-president running

7. What is the maximum number of terms a US president may serve?

A. One

B. two

C. Three

D. Four

8. When does the inauguration of president-elect take place under the normal circumstances?

A. November

B. December

C. January

D. March

9. Which of following words mean “the right to vote”?

A. Suffrage

B. Canvas

C. Ballot

D. Naturalization

10. When is American national election held?

A. November 5

B. December 25

C. The first Tuesday after the first Monday of November

D. Uncertain

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assail=denounce(谴责) axe=dismiss or reduce(解雇,减少) ban=prohibit or forbid(禁止) bar=prevent(防止,阻止) bare=expose or reveal(暴露,揭露) blast=explode(爆炸) begin=commence(开始) bid=attempt(努力) bilk=cheat(欺骗) bolt=desert or abandon(放弃) boost=increase, promote ,push forward(增加,提高) check=examine(检查) claim=cause the death of ...(夺去……的生命) clash=disagree strongly(发生分歧,争议) curb=control or restrict(控制) dip=decline or decrease(下降) ease=lessen(减轻,缓和) end=terminate(结束,中止) flay=criticize(批评)

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