初中英语 祈使句的专项练习

初中英语 祈使句的专项练习
初中英语 祈使句的专项练习

祈使句专项练习

一.祈使句的句式特征

祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,朗读时,常用降调。在表达请求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。

例如:Keep off the grass!勿踩草地!

Put the boxes in the small room.把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。

二.祈使句的肯定句式

祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型:

1.行为动词原形+其它成分。

例如:Make sentences after the model.根据例句造句。

Have a good time. 愿你玩得痛快。

小试牛刀:this way, please. 请这边走。

home at once. 马上回家去。

2. Be动词+其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。

例如:Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时要小心。

小试牛刀: . The baby is sleeping.安静,宝宝正在睡觉。

3.Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分。

例如:Let him go back now.让他现在回去吧。

Let me have a rest. 让我休息一会儿吧。

Let us help you. 让我们帮助你吧。

小试牛刀:Let there together. 我们一起去吧。

Let the work. 让他来做这工作。

三.祈使句的否定句式

祈使句的否定句式,通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never,一般分为以下四种类型:

1.在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t,构成『Don’t+行为动词原形+其它成分』。

例如:Don’t say that again!别再那样说了!

2.在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t,构成『Don’t be+其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)』。注意:在这种句型中be不能省略;否定副词not不可置于be之后。

例如:Don’t be careless.不要粗心。

3. Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种:

(1)Let开头的祈使句,如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格,可在Let前加Don’t,也可在Let 后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。

(2)如果以Let’s开头的祈使句,必须在Let’s后加not。

例如:Don’t let me go with her tomorrow.=Let me not go with her tomorrow.不要让我明天跟她一起去。

Let’s not tell her the truth whenever we meet her.无论什么时候我们碰到她,都不要告诉她真相

4.在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用『No+名词/V-ing形式』结构,表示『禁止做某事』。例如:

NO Photos!禁止拍照!No Entry禁止入内! No Passing禁止通行! No Smoking禁止吸烟!

小试牛刀:改为否定句

Please cut me a piece of cake.

Wait a minute, please.

祈使句的专项练习:一、祈使句:表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句分为第二人称祈使句和第—、三人称祈使句两大类。

(一).第二人称祈使句通常用来向听话者发出命令,提出要求或建议。这种祈使句的主语you通常不表示

出来,而是以动词原形开头。

1. (taste) the cake ,please.

2. (not run) in the classroom.It’s dangerous.

3、(speak)loudly,please!

4、(have)a cup of coffee!

5、(listen) to me,will you?

6、(stand) up!

7、(come) in,everybody!

8.Don’t (talk) .

9. (not pick) the flowers.

10. Don’t (watch) TV .

11、Don’t (smoke)in the meeting room!

12、Don’t (catch) the dog!

13、Don’t (tell)anyone about it!

14、Don’t (worry) about!

15、Don’t you (be)nervous!

(二).第一、三人称祈使句是以第一人称和第三人称代词或者名词等作为祈使的对象,这类祈使句通常以let为引导词表建议。

1、Let’s (go)! Let us (go)home!

2、Let him (be)here by 10 o’clock.

3、Let’s (go)for a walk,shall we?

4、Let’s (forget)it,shall we?

5、Let us (go )for a walk,will you?

6、Let’s not (waste)our time arguing about it!

7、Let’s not (say)anything about it!

8.Let’s (go) to the garden.

9、Let’s (play) with it.

10、Let’s (clean) they.11、Let’s (go) to the park. 12、Let’s (play)with it.

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