初中英语 祈使句专项详解

初中英语  祈使句专项详解
初中英语  祈使句专项详解

初中英语| 祈使句专项详解

用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、建议等的句子叫祈使句。祈使句的谓语动词用原形,句子没有主语,句末使用感叹号或者句号。

例如:Open the door quickly!快打开门!

01祈使句的肯定句

1)以系动词be开头:Be动词+其它成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)

例如:Be quiet / quick! 安静点儿!/快点儿!

Be a good student! 做个好学生!

Be careful when crossing the street! 过马路时要小心!

2)以实义动词开头:行为动词原形+其它成分。

例如:Come in, please!请进!

Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。

3)let句型结构:Let’s / let us+动词原形;或者是Let + 宾语+其他。

Let’s play football!我们一起踢足球吧!

Let me help you. 让我来帮你。

02祈使句的否定句

1)Don't 类。

Don't be careless. 别粗心。

Don’t do that. 不要那样做。

2)Let类。

a. Let's ( Let s

b. ) + not + 动词原形。

Let's not say anything about it. 对于这件事,咱们什么也别说。Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。

b. Don’t+ let+宾语+动词原形+其他。

Don’t let Jim do that. 别让吉姆做那事。

Don’t let us go, please. 请不要让我们走。

3)在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用“No+名词 / V-ing 形式”结构,表示“禁止做某事”。

NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照!

No parking! 禁止停车!

03祈使句的反意疑问句

1)肯定祈使句的反问部分用will you 或won't you。

Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开,好吗?

Be sure to write to us, will/ won’t you? 你一定要给我们写信,好吗?

2)否定祈使句的反问部分只用will you。

Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了,行不行?

Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you? 不要在会议室抽烟,好吗?

3)以let's开头的祈使句反问部分用shall we。

Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开,好吗?

以let us 开头的祈使句反问部分应为will you或won't you.

Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请(你)让我们留在这好吗?

04祈使句的回答

祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或won’t。

在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点:

1) 形式一致:即Yes与will保持一致;No与won’t保持一致。

2) 意思相反:即Yes是“不”的意思;No是“是”的意思。

在回答时,要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。

-Don’t go out, please. It’s rainin g heavily outside.

请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。

-Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.

不行,我得去机场接我弟弟

05祈使句使用时应注意的问题

1)在表达请求或劝告时,有时为了表示委婉的语气,可以在句首或句末please。

如果please加在句末,应用逗号将其与前面的部分隔开。

Sit down, please. 请坐。

Please look after the twins. 请照顾一下双胞胎。

2)在意思比较明显的情况下,可以把谓语动词省略。

This way, please. 请这边走。

3)有时为了加强语气,可以在动词前使用do.

Do be careful!一定要小心!

4)有时为了强调对方,也可加上主语you,人名或everybody, anybody等不定代词。

You sweep the floor and I clean the window. 你来扫地我来擦窗户。

Stand up, everybody. 请大家起立。

5)有时为了明确向谁提出请求或发出命令,可加称呼语,但称呼语要与句子用逗号隔开。

Put the shirt on the bed, Jim.吉姆,把衬衫放床上。

06真题链接

1. _______ on the grass, or it will “cry”.

A. To walk

B. Not to walk

C. Walk

D. Don’t walk

2. _______ swim in the river alone, Karen. It’s too

dangerous.

A. Not

B. Don’t

C. Doesn’t

D. Do

3. ________ along this street, and you can find the hotel on your right, next to the market.

A. Walk

B. To walk

C. Walks

D. Walking

4. Daniel,_______ play with the mobile phone while you’re

walking in the street.

A. don’t

B. doesn’t

C. won’t

D. can’t

5. Will you please read it again more slowly? (改为祈使句)

_____ _____ again more slowly, please.

6. Let's watch the sports games. (改为反意疑问句)

Let's watch the sports games, _____ _____?

7. Please sit next to Nancy.(改为否定句)

_____ _____ next to Nancy.

8. Don't forget to turn off(关掉)the lights, please.(改为反意疑问句)

Don't forget to turn off the lights, _____ _____?

【参考答案】

1. D。祈使句的否定句,直接在动词原形前加don’t。

2. B。本句命令不要在河里独自游泳,有危险。否定祈使句,在句首加Don't。

3. A.肯定祈使句,动词原形开头。Walk along the street…意为“沿着这条街……”。

4. A。否定祈使句,命令别人不要做某事。动词原形前加don’t。

5. Read it.

6. shall we.

7. Don’t sit.

8. will you.

人教版初中英语初中英语语法之一名词(通用版)

初中英语语法之一名词 名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(mCountable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:||专有名词 || | 名| | 个体名词 | | || || 可数名词| || | 集体名词 || ||普通名词 || | | 词 | | 物质名词 | | || || 不可数名词| || | 抽象名词 || 1.1 名词复数的规则变化 ___________________________________________________ 情况构成方法读音例词 _________________________________________________ _ 一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/;bag-bags car-cars __________________________________________________ _ 以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词加 -es读 /iz/bus-buses watch-watches ______________________________________________ __ __ 以ce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾的词加 -s读 /iz/license-licenses __________________________________________________ _ 以辅音字母+y变y 为i 结尾的词再加es读 /z/baby---babies 1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化 1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数: 如:two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较:层楼:storey ---storeys story---stories 2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时: a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos; b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时: a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs; b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; c. 均可,如:handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

英语祈使句详解

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《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—祈使句的分类汇编

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初中英语祈使句讲解及练习

初中英语――祈使句 祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句号,读降调。 1.肯定的祈使句 (1)动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up.请起立。 (2)Be + n./adj. Be a good boy!要做一个好孩子!Be careful! = Look out! = Take care!小心/当心!(3)Let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分 Let me help you.让我来帮你。Let’s go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧。 2.否定的祈使句 (1) Don“t +动词原形 Don“t stand up.别站起来。 Don“t be careless.别大意。 Don“t let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。 (2)Let型的否定式有两种:“Don“t + let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“L et +宾语+ not +动词原形+其它成分”。 Don“t let him go. / Let him not go.别让他走。 Let them not play with fire.别让他们玩火。 (3)no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking!禁止吸烟!No fishing!禁止钓鱼!

3.祈使句的强调形式,通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。 例如:Do shut up!快住口! 4.祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,大凡用will或won’t。 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点: 1)形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致;No与won’t保持一致) 2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思;No是“是”的意思)。 在回答时,要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。 如:---Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside.请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.不行,我得去机场接我弟弟。 5.祈使句的反意疑问句 (1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you或won“t you。 Please open the door, will/ won’t you?请把门打开,好吗? (2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Don“t be late again, will you?别再迟到了,行不行? (3)以let“s开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。 Let“s turn on the TV, shall we?我们把电视打开,好吗? <特别注意>只有以let“s开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shallwe,而letus开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或 won“tyou.如:Let us stay here, will/ won“tyou?请(你)让我们留在这好吗?

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分;有其所有格形式;在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词,而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词;不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中,可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词,不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念,不能用具体的数字来表示,视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物,因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰,一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

最新初中英语语法知识—祈使句的综合训练

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