上海中考英语各语法点基础考点归纳资料讲解

冠词On Christmas Day, on December 14, 2013, on the morning of December 15,

二、地点介词固定词组一、

三、短语中固定搭配的介词the middle of, go to the cinema/ movies, play the violin/

1. 有些固定词组中有the : in

care for, based on, in one's thirties, concentrate on=focus on , the answer to piano/ guitar, in the end, the same

the

question, the key to the door, by bus, play football, play chess, go to school, go to bed, She is of average height, share with, be responsible for, 2. 有些词组中不用任何冠词：

add…to, at first, lose weight

四、3. 有些词组中加a: catch a bus, in a hurry, take a walk, 方式介词by，with by bus, by train , by e-mail, by express mail, by credit card 二、专有名词前

write with a pen, the say it in English 1.国家、城市等专有名词前不加the : Shanghai, in New York, in America，但是

五、表示形容词、副词比较范围的United Sates 要加the

of/ among + 代词，名词或数词，由普通名词构成的专有名词前加the Great Wall, in+ 表示地点或集体的名词2.

John was the first on the list of the famous stars because he was the richest ______ them. 3. 江河、海洋、山川前加the: the Yangtze River, the Pacific, the Yellow Mountains

一日三餐、四季、一星期七天及十二个月，三．next前不加任何冠词代词

一、人称代词1. for breakfast/lunch/supper

1.2. in spring/ summer /autumn /winter

顺序：单数：二、三、一复数：一、二、三

John sits among ______, _______ and me.

3.on Monday /Tuesday /Wednesday /Thursday /Friday /Saturday / Sunday

A. Mary…

4.inJanuary,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,Novemb er,Deyou B. she…you C. you…Mary D. you…she

2.cember

主格宾格：主格——主语，宾格——宾语（动词或介词后）

The journalist interviewed ________. (he, his, him) 序数词，形容词最高级，the only所修饰的名词前用四、宇宙中独一无二的事物，

(they, their, them) around the city. 1. the sun, the moon, the earth

I show_______

3. 名词性物主代词2. the eighth, the twelfth, the twentieth, the fourth

modern.(they, is ______ big and 3. the biggest, the most popular neighborhood is old and small, but our The cinema in

them,. their, theirs)

4. the only key

s sports shoes? I want a pair like _______. (he) the blind, the deaf, the old, the rich, the poor 表示这一类人Mum, have you ever seen Danny'the, 五、形容词加s

a friend of mine/ his/ my father' ”还是“a”取决于单词开头的读音是否是原音an

六、单词前面用“they_______ a: 1. a her________ a captain, a European a village, one-eyed you_______ he_______ I ______ we______ student, a useful dictionary, university

4uniform 、反身代词by oneself= teach oneself 2. an: an hour, an honest girl, an e-mail, an important letter, an exchange student, an uncle enjoy oneself , help oneself to sth, learn…I made it myself.

an X-ray photograph, an MBA course,

they_______ he_______ ”“”f”There is __an __ in the word first. ( f, h, l, m, n, s, x, r, ) her________ I ______ we______ you_______

it________

介词

分类记忆：不定代词1.the other, others, another, the others

一、时间介词

_________ …One 但是具体in, 早上、下午、晚上用in, 年、月份前用at, on, 具体哪一天几点钟前用…Some._______

某一天的早上、下午、晚上用等词之前一律不用last, next, this, that, some, every。onanother + 可数名词的单数_________________

介词一个接着一个固定词组

1

Will you please show me _________ one? many children much information

a few books Have _______ try, and you'll succeed. a little time

some boys 2.形容词修饰不定代词、形容词后置some time

a couple of days something necessary

a basket of fruit

修饰可数名词的： 3.either_______, neither______, both______, all_______, none________ few, a few, many, a large number of, a couple of

修饰不可数名词的: The report says __________ of the two countries in Asia supports the war. little, a little, much, a great deal of, huge amounts of

既修饰可数名词的，又可以修饰可数名词的：After you get off the bus, you can take ________ of the two Metro Lines to Zhongshan plenty of , a lot of/ lots of , some 3. 名词所有格Park.

my father's friend= a friend of my father's，both sides the teachers' office，the Children's Palace

either side

形容词/ 副词4.few, a few, little, a little

1、形容词的用法：It's unusual for him to be so active because he is often a boy of

_______ words.

1）系动词后做表语 B. little C. many D. much

The comedy is very funny A. few

2）在名词前作定语数词It's a funny comedy

3）修饰不定代词在不定代词之后two hundred/ thousand, hundreds/thousands of , 前面如果有more than, less than , There is something wrong with my watch. 1、4）在宾语之后作宾语补足语over, about 等词时，用确切的数据about/ more than two hundred people The good news made Bob's mother excited.

365 2、数字的读法，百位和十位之间用and

You'd better keep the window open.

2、副词的用法：

3、序数词的拼写1）修饰行为动词He drives carefully. Four________, One_______ , two__________, three_________ five________,

2）修饰形容词The food is quite delicious.

twelve________, eight_________, nine_______, twenty_________,

3）修饰整个句子twenty-one_____________ Luckily, he still got the first prize 3分数、much, far, a little, a bit, a lot, even 等词修饰形容词比较级5.The Bund looks much _________ 2/3__________, 1/2____________ 3/5_________ at night. (pretty) 3/ 4_________,

He looks a little __________(happy) percent

30 、百分比6

4. 、日期表达7 February 12既是形容词又是副词的：early ,fast, hard, high , late 1809 ，5、as…as two hours and a half =two and a half hours

not as/ so…as句型

中间用形容词或者副词的原级， a ten-year-old boy 所以可以先排除比较级和最高级，选副词还是形容The boy is ten years old.

词，看是否修饰行为动词He is in his fifties.

He is over fifty years old.

The driver drove as ___________ as usual.

walk. ''Its ten minutes It 's a ten-minute walk.

A. most carefully 名词

B. more careful

C. careful 变复数1.

D. carefully

6两人两菜加photo______(hero______ tomato______ Negro_______ 、一些特殊句型s, 其potato______

The 比较级主语+谓语，the 比较级主语+es)

他加谓语，The earlier…, the better…

the fastest in our class，one of the longest rivers，the second longest river，ies) 为结尾变+y 只有辅音toy_________, boy______ dictionary_________, (y better and

better

结尾的名词复数beach___________(s, x, ch, sh,+es)

ves) 变为f, fe把结尾的名词，life, thief ,leaf, knife(fe, f

疑问词

How far (ten minutes' walk) 2. 可数名词与不可数名词2

How soon (in ten minutes)

1、表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常和often , always, usually ,sometimes, everyday 等时间状语连用；(a mile in ten minutes) How fast

2、How long (for ten minutes) 表示客观事实或普遍真理；The sun rises in the east.

3、(twice a day) 由when, before, after, if, unless, as soon as 引导的从句，主句用将来时从句用一般How often

现在时How many (two)

I will tell him as soon as he comes back. (two yuan/two kilos)

How much

一般过去时主语+did

1. He went to the hospital to have a checkup on eyesight. (99)

1______ ______ he go to the hospital? 、常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, three years ago , in 1987, at

the time , in the past 2. We have a class meeting once a week. (00)

2、过去习惯性动作and work in space? ______ ______ did the American spacecraft Galileo travel used to do

一般将来时(04) rs and buses mustn't turn right here. will/ shall do

3. This sign means ca1 ______ ______ this sign mean? 、shall, will + 动词原型构成一般将来时；

2、am (is , are) going to + 动词原型，表示近期打算去做的事情或可能要发生的事情；4. London held the first World Expo in 1851. (05)

there is going to be ______ did London ______ the first World Expo?

3The students' projects will be on show 、表示“去向”的动词，可以用进行时表示将来时in three days. (06) come, go, arrive, leave, leave for 5.

I __ will the students' projects be on show?'m leaving for Beijing the day after tomorrow. ______ ____现在进行时动词am/ is/ are + doing

常用时间状语:

连系动词now, at present , for the time being, look, listen, be careful

Look, Jane's grandma ________ with some aged people.

1.be 动词

2.感官动词：feel(feel-felt-felt), smell(smell-smelt-smelt), taste, sound, look

A. dances grow-grew-grown, 3.表示变化的: become-became-become,

get-got-got, turn 4. 表示B. danced C. is dancing D. was dancing

过去进行时保持的：seem 5. keep, stay, remain 似乎是was/ were + doing

常用时间状语:

情态动词at that moment, this time yesterday, at six yesterday morning, from two to three yesterday afternoon. No, you mustn't/ may not/ can't. May I watch TV? 也常用于when 和No, you needn't. Must I do the work? while引导的时间状语从句

When I was having dinner with my family last night, the telephone rang. 不可能是can't be must be 可能是may be 一定是

You don't need to help him.= You needn't help him.现在完成时have/ has + done

1.1. 常用的时间状语和副词We ______ keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves. (04) : never, ever, already, yet, just, recently, so far, up to now, in the

past 10 years. A) may B) should C) can D) need

2. already & yet

2. A: ______ I fill in the check-in form right now, sir?

I have already read the book, ( B: No, you needn't. You can complete it this afternoon. (05)改否定句)

I _____ D) Must

C) Would read the book _____. B) Can A) May

3. since&for

ings. She'll teach me how to do it. (06)My mother ______ make rice dumpl3.

I have learned English since 2004 (对划线部分提问D) can B) need C) should A) must )

I have learned English for 10 years make, let, have sb. do sth. 使役动词：（同上）

4. 延续性动词和瞬间动词动词的时态和语态:

Ｉ一般现在时+do/ does 主语______ this book for a week.

3

A. have bought

B. have had

C. bought

D. buy 1、划出句子中的谓语部分

You could hardly believe the news,____ had + done _____?

现在完成时

情态动词有：can, could, may, must, should, need, shall, will, would, ought to 1.表示过去的过去，常用的时间状语：by the end of last year, before I entered the school

2、有些动词的过去式与原形同形用于主句为一般过去时的宾语从句中cost，set, cut, put, set, fit, read, spread 2.

The bad news spread fast, ____ He told me that he had been to China twice. _____?

3、有些词表示否定的意思被动语态：

little, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, few, none, nothing

p.p 构成：be+及物动词的过去分词1.4、判断现在完成时，过去完成时，看后面有没有过去分词be 2. 时态的变化主要体现在的变化

He has a little of milk for his breakfast, _____ 一般过去时was/were+ p.p

_____? 一般现在时am/ is/ are+p.p,

Jack has never been to Guangzhou, _____ _____?

一般将来时will be +p.p has/ have been +p.p 现在完成时

5 情态动词should/ may/ must/ can/ could…+ be+ p. p 、反意部分只能用代词，不能用名词，先画出主句部分的主语，再判断代词用什么。

Your mother has never tired of shopping, _____ ____? 3. 先划出句子的谓语部

分———写出动词原形——判断时态——注意主语的单复数Jim's parents are never late for their work, ____ ____? Jane wrote several articles about memory last month.

The bad news spread fast, ____ _____? ____ by Jane last month.

Several articles about memory ____

6主语是4. several 、特殊的反义疑问句—————2. writewrote—written——3. was/ were written——1.wroteYou'd better finish your homework, _____ _____?谓语动词had better do，后面反意部were written articles , 因此是分仍用助动词had 非谓语动词1——动词不定式Let's go sightseeing on Christmas Day, _____

____? To be a teacher is my dream 1. 主语

Close the door, ____ 宾语2. I want to buy a new bike

_____?

Don''t open the window,______ s job is to make sick people better. ______? 3. 表语My father9.There is little time left, ______ ________? 4. We have got a new project to do

定语

Excises: 宾语补足语5. Our headmaster asked us to work hard

1. You could hardly believe the news,____ _____?

It is difficult to learn English well

6. 动词不定式作形式主语

2. Your mother has never tired of shopping, _____ decide, agree, want, ask, tell, advise, plan, ____? 动词不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：7.

3. The coat cost John a month's pay, ______ promise, refuse, hope, fail _____?

4 . Jim's parents are never late for their work, ____ ____? 宾语从句改成简单句8.

5. The lady always has a cup of tea after dinner, _____ ____?

t know what I can do next

I don'6. The professor will give us a lecture on the effect of green house next Monday, _____ 'I dont know _____ ______ do next.

_____?

9. to 有些动词后作宾补省略7. There is little time left, ______ ________? make, let, have三让，四看see, watch, notice, observe ，listen to, hear ，feel一感二听非谓语动词2——动名词Smoking isn 主语1. t allowed in public places 'Tom enjoys traveling around the world. 宾语2.

My hobby is collecting stamps

表语3.

动名词作宾语的动词4. enjoy, finish, keep, mind, spend, go, practise.

反意疑问句4