初中英语语法基础动词过去分词用法归纳讲解与同步练习 (有答案)

初中英语语法基础——动词过去分词用法归纳讲解（附同步练习）

动词的过去分词(done) 是初中英语语法的一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个考点。动词的过去分词属于非谓语动词的一种形式，在句子中不能单独做谓语，语法上有作为表达被动和完成的意义，词义和词性上又具有形容词和副词的特性，因此过去分词在句子中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语等成分。

（一）、过去分词作定语：过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词，即与名词是动宾关系。

（1）过去分词作定语有两种情况，如果过去分词单个的词，就放在被修饰的词的前面；若为分词短语则放在所修饰的词的后面。

The excited children are opening their Christmas presents.

兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。

Some of the people invited to the party can’t come.

有些被邀请参加晚会的人不能来。

（2）过去分词用作定语，总的来说，充当前置修饰语的过去分词通常来自及物动词，带有被动意义和完成意义，如：

a broken cup 一只打破的杯子（被动）→ The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.

the risen sun 已升起的太阳（完成）→ T he sun that has just risen.

（3）过去分词作后置定语时，相当于省略了（that/which + 从句）结构的定语从

句。

a retired worker (= a worker who has retired ) 一个退休工人

注意：做定语用的过去分词通常指已完成的动作：如指未来的情况，则用不定式的被动形式。

（二）、过去分词作表语：表示主语的感受或状态。

例：The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。（表示状态）

注意：过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作.

例：The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. (是被动语态,表示动作) 注意：过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing 形式来修饰物.

例：The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣.

（三）、过去分词作主语补语或宾语补语：

（1）用作主语补语或宾语补语的过去分词大都来自及物动词。凡是已经形容词化了的-ed分词，大都可以既作名词修饰语即定语，也可作主语补语或宾语补语。例如：

The door remains locked（主补）

I found the door locked（宾补）

I found a locked door（定语）

（2）可引导复合宾语的动词常用的有：find /get / have / want / leave / make /

see/ hear /notice/ watch / observe/ feel/ keep / order / wish等。这些词后面的宾语如果与后面的宾语补足语是被动关系，即用过去分词。例如：

I found my house broken into after I returned. 当我回来时，我发现房子被人破门而入了。

You should get the bike repaired as soon as possible. 你应该尽快地把自行车给修理一下。

I want to have my hair cut. 我想理发。

（3）"have＋宾语＋过去分词"结构的三种不同意义。

We had the problem solved.

我们解决了这个问题（"致使"，一种有意的行为）

She had her leg broken in an accident.

在一次事故中，她摔断了腿。（表示"遭受"，一种无意的行为）

I have not any money left.

我没剩下多少钱了。（"有"）

（四）、过去分词作状语：表示完成或被动关系。

过去分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。如：

（1）United, we stand; divided, we fall.

如果团结起来，我们就能成功，如果分裂，我们就会失败。

（相当于If(When) we are united ,we stand; if (when) we are divided, we fall）（2）Moved by the story, he decided to study harder.

由于被这个故事感动，他决定更加努力学习。

（相当于Because he was moved….）

（五）、“with +宾语+过去分词”结构用法：

此结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语.这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.

(1) The man came in, with his hands tied behind his back. 一个人进来了,他

的双手被绑在背后.(表方式)

(2) With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸

气.(表条件)

(3) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决,我们都回家

了.(表原因)

(4) She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前,

眼睛注视着他.

(5) They lay on the floor with the window closed. 他们躺在地板上，窗户紧

闭。

( )1. ________of plastics, the machines are easy to carry.

A. To make

B. Having made

C. Being made

D. Made

( )2. ________the past, our life is becoming much better.

A. Comparing with

B. Be compared with

C. To compare with

D. Compared with

( )3.Tom was very unhappy for ________to the party.

A. not been invited

B. not having invited

C. not invited

D. not being invited

( )4. ________ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.

A. Translating

B. Translated

C. To translate

D. Having translated ( )5. ________in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the fun park.

A. Opened

B. Having opened

C. Opening

D. Being opened ( )6. ________an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.

A. Offer

B. Offering

C. Offered

D. To offer

( )7. ________from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .

A. Seen

B. Seeing

C. Having seen

D. To see

( )8. ________twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.

A. Being bitten

B. Bitten

C. Having bitten

D. To be bitten ( )9. ________not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.

A. Reminding

B. Reminded

C. To remind

D. Having reminded

( )10. ________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one

day grew the national stars.

A. Giving

B. Having given

C. To give

D. Given

( )11. ________ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.

A. Being encouraged

B. Encouraging

C. Encouraged

D. Having encouraged

( )12.When ________ help, one often says “Thank you.” Or “It’s kind of you.”

A. offering

B. offered

C. offer

D. be offered

( )13. ________ in the mountain for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A. Lost

B. Having lost

C. Had lost

D. Had been lost

( )14. ________ on time, the medicine will be quite effective (有效).

A. Be taken

B. Is taken

C. Taken

D. To be taken

( )15. ________ by the guard (门卫)，the boy showed his passport (通行证).

A. Having stopped

B. He was stopped

C. Stopped

D. Stopping ( )16. ________ of plastics (塑料), the machine is very light.

A. Made

B. Is made

C. Be made

D. To be made

( )17. ________ by the question, the speaker didn’t know what to say.

A. Having shocked

B. Shocked

C. Shocking

D. Be shocked ( )18. _______ by the story, we couldn’t hold back our tears.

A. Moved

B. Were moved

C. We were moved

D. Moving ( )19. The teacher came into the classroom, _______ by his students.

A. followed

B. following

C. was followed

D. is followed

( )20. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library.

A. to borrow

B. to be borrowed

C. borrowed

D. borrowing ( )21. It’s one of the funniest things ________ on the Internet so far this year.

A. finding

B. being found

C. to find

D. found

( )22. ________ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.

A. Attracting

B. Attracted

C. To be attracted

D. To attract ( )23. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.

A. introducing

B. introduced

C. introduce

D. being introduced ( )24. When ________, the museum will be open to the public next year.

A. completed

B. completing

C. being completed

D. to be completed

( )25. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.

A. invited

B. inviting

C. being invited

D. having invited

参考答案：

1—5 DDDBA6—10 CABBD11—15 CBACC16—20 ABAAC21—25 DBBAA

过去分词的用法

过去分词的用法现在分词的七种用法（一）作定语 1. 动词现在分词单独作定语，通常放在所修饰词前。例如： The sleep ing boy is Tom. 2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多。例如： Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are play ing outside not to make too much no ise. 3. 现在分词可相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开。例如： Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. 4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如： This is an En glish-speak ing coun try. （二）作表语现在分词作表语多表示主语的特征。女口amus ing, discourag ing, puzzli ng, refreshing, astonishing, exciting 等。例如：

The story is movi ng. （三）现在分词在句中作宾语补足语，这时现在分词和前面的宾语有逻辑上的 “主表”关系或“主谓”关系。例如： We all found his equipment interesting.（主表关系） I saw Mary going upstairs then.（主谓关系）（四）作状语现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语一般是句中的主语，如果不是，需在V-ing形式前加名词或代词主格作逻辑主语。 1. 作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。例如： Bei ng ill, Mary did n't come to school yesterday. 2?作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。例如： Seeing their teacher coming, the stude nts stopped talk ing. 如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在现在分词前加上when 或while。例如： While wait ing for the pla ne, I had a long talk with Sim on. 3. 作条件状语。 V-ing形式作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句。例如： Work ing harder, you'll be No. 1 in your class. 4. 作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句。例如： Weighi ng almost two hun dred jin, the stone was moved by him alone. 5. 作结果状语。例如： He died, leav ing no thi ng but debts. 6. 作伴随状语或方式状语。例如：

常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则

常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。一、规则变化: 1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked, work—worked 2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved, dance—danced 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried, study—studied 4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted 注：A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled；尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以，如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked （交易,在…通B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked( 行）另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后) C. 读音与说明: ①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped ①．-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed ①．-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted 二、不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法： 1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如： put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat read—read must--must 2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如: build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如： mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如： blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed） 5.含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如： keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt sweep—swept 6. 含有元音字母o / i的词，将o / i变成a。如： come—came become—became sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank 7．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如： bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught 8．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如： drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote 9．动词原形中的e改为o，如：get—got，forget—forgot

初中英语语法过关——动词的分类专项练习精选50题 (有答案) - 副本

初中英语语法过关——动词的分类专项练习精选50题（Be动词、助动词、情态动词、实义动词） ( )1. This______ my sister and those ______my parents. A. is, is B. is, are C, are, is D. are, are ( )2.—Is that your eraser? —________. A.No, It’s my eraser. B. Yes,it is. C. No,that’s isn’t D. No, that isn’t. ( )3. —Are these your bikes? —No,________ . I think they’re ________ bikes. A. they aren’t, they B. these are, his C. they aren’t，their D. these are, their ( )4. In our school library, there a number of books on science. A. is B. are C. has D. have ( )5. Lucy and Lily ________ a new bike as their tenth birthday present. A．have B．has C．there is D．there are ( )6.—Shall we go for a walk? — ______great. A.Feels B.Sounds C.Turns D.Looks ( )7.—Do you like swimming in winter? —Of course.The water _____ a bit cold at first，but then I am warm and full of energy. A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.looks ( )8.Mom is making dinner. It_____ so nice! A.smells B.tastes C.feels D.sounds ( )9.—Your trainers _____ colourful. —Yes.And they are popular among young people. A.feel B.smell C.taste D.look ( )10.—I can’t stand the smell of the stinking tofu. —Would you like to have a try? I think it _____ quite delicious! A.looks B.sounds C.tastes D.feels ( )11.—Are you interested in shopping online? ——Not so much. We_____see real products but pictures. A.shouldn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t

动词过去式及过去分词变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 Ⅰ. 规则变化: 1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked, work—worked 2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved, dance—danced 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried, study—studied 4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted 注：A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时, 双不双写都可以，如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。 B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked （交易,在…通行）另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后) C. 读音与说明: ①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped ②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed ③.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted II. 不规则动词表: (1) AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形） cost（花费）cost cost shut shut shut cut（割）cut cut spit spit/spat spit/ spat(英) hit（打）hit hit hurt 伤害）hurt hurt let（让）let let put（放）put put read （读）read read (2) AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形） beat（跳动）beat beaten (3) ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形） become（变成）became become awake awoke awoken come（来）came come run（跑）ran run (4) ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形） dig（挖）dug dug build built built get（得到）got got/gotten catch caught caught hang（吊死）hanged hanged deal dealt dealt hang（悬挂）hung hung feed fed fed hold（抓住）held held find found found shine（照耀）shone shone forbid forbade/forbad forbidden sit（坐）sat sat pay paid paid win （赢）won won send sent sent meet（遇见）met met shoot shot shot keep （保持）kept kept tell told told sleep（睡）slept slept win won won sweep（扫）swept swept feel（感觉）felt felt smell（闻）smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled leave（离开）left left build（建设）built built

初中英语不规则动词过去式,过去分词表

所有不规则动词过去式，过去分词表 1. A---A---A型（动词原形、过去式和过去分词同形） cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A---A---B型（动词原形和过去式同形） beat beat beaten 打 3. A---B---A型（动词原形和过去分词同形） come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A ---B ---B型（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费（3）其他 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买

get+过去分词用法详解

“be +过去分词”能构成被动结构，其实在现代英语口语或非正式文体中还常用另一种被动结构“get + 过去分词”。和“be + 过去分词”一样，“get + 过去分词”也能用于被动结构和系表结构，用于被动结构时，它强调动作的发生；用于系表结构时，它强调状态的变化。其用法及两者的区别从以下两个方面分述如下：一、get被用来代替助动词be和过去分词连用，构成被动结构，表示某一事件或事故的发生，着重强调动作。 1．常见于以下两种情况： ①谈论某人或某物的客观遭遇，往往表示一种突然的、未曾料到的偶发事件或事故，如：Some glasses got broken when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候有些玻璃杯被打碎了。He got killed when he was crossing the road. 过马路时他被车撞死了。 ②谈论设法做到自己称心的事。当主语是人时，常可在get和过去分词之间插入一个反身代词，表示主语对动作的结果负有一定的责任，此时既含有被动意义，同时又含有主动意义，如： Our car gets cleaned about once every two months. 我们的车每两个月大约清洗一次。She got (herself) paid before she went on a holiday. 她在休假前（设法）领到了工资。 2．“get + 过去分词”与“be + 过去分词”在构成被动结构时的区别： ①前者多用于口语和非正式文体，而后者则可用于更多的场合。 ②前者侧重表示动作，而后者既可表动作又可表状态，有时有歧义，如： The chair got broken yesterday. 昨天这把椅子被弄坏了。（表动作） The chair was broken yesterday. 昨天这把椅子被弄坏了。（表动作）或??昨天这把椅子是坏的。（表状态） ③前者偶尔带表示动作执行者的by短语，而后者则有时带有时不带，如： My brother got hit by a stone. 我哥哥被一块石头击中了。 She got caught by the police. 她让警察给抓住了。 ④前者在表示强调，否定和疑问时需借助助动词do/does/did，而后者则不需，如： He didn’t get beaten yesterday evening. 他昨天晚上没挨打。 Did your letter get answered ? 你收到回信了吗？ ⑤前者有时既可表示被动意义，又可表示主动意义；后者则只表示单纯的被动意义，如： I got (myself) invited to lots of parties last holidays. 上次休假期间，我（设法）让人邀请参加了许多社交聚会。 I was invited to lots of parties last holidays. 上次休假期间，我应邀参加了许多社交聚会。 ⑥与助动词be相比，和get连用的过去分词仅限于少数，其中多数含有“不顺利；不愉快”之意，如： He got taught a lesson. 他被教训了一顿。 I got rained on as I was coming to work. 我来上班时遭到淋雨。二、get作始动性连系动词，与多数都已形容词化了的过去分词连用，构成系表结构，表示状的变化（即动作的结果），其中get表示一种状态向另一种状态过渡、变化的动作，其含义等于become； begin to be或come to be，如 1．常见于以下五种情况： ①表示使自己进入或变为某种状态，如： We don’t want any of you to get lost. 我们不想你们当中任何人迷路。

新目标英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表

I. 一般过去时的概念 ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year(week, Monday…), … ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in19..等。例如： She was in a teacher two years ago. 她两年前是个教师。 I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。 ②也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。例如： He always asked questions when he was young. 当他年轻时他总爱问问题。 ③当表示动作时，谓语动词使用过去式（一般加ed或见不规则动词表）；当表示状态时，谓语动词用was, were。 II. 一般过去时的构成 (1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则： ①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked，watch-watched。 ②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，加-d。如：live-lived，like-liked。 ③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped，shop-shopped。 ④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied，carry-carried。 (2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。 III. 一般过去时的几种句型肯定句结构为： ①主语+was / were +其它。如：They were in Shanghai in 2000. 2000年的时候他们在上海。 ②主语+动词的过去式+其它。如：He went to the book store yesterday. 他昨天去书店了。否定句结构为： ①主语+was / were not (wasn’t / weren’t) +其它。如：My father was not at home last Sunday. 上个星期天我爸爸不在家。 ②主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。如：She didn't come to school this morning. 她今天没来学校。一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为： ①Was / Were +主语+其它? 如：Was it cold last winter? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 去年冬天冷吗？ ②Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？如：Did you go to Beijing last week? Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.) 去年你们去北京吗？特殊疑问句的构成为：疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？

初中英语语法专项名词

初中英语语法专项名词（讲义）一、名词（n.）表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词（一）名词的分类名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy,desk,cat,window）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family,class,police）。不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water,paper,silk,money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework）专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States）（二）名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种：（1）一般情况下,在词尾加s. ,dog--dogs,pen--pens,boy--boys （2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es. ,brush-brushes,bus-buses,box-boxes（es读音为〔iz〕（3）以"辅音字母＋y"结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加e , family--families, （注：以"元音字母+y"结尾的词，直接在词尾加）（4）以元音字母o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： ①加,potato-potatoes ②结尾是两个元音字母的加s,,radio--radios ③某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. piano-pianos ④一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s, （photograph）--photos,kilo （kilogram）kilos ⑤zero变复数时，既可加s,也可加／zeroes （5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es. ,leaf-leaves,half--halves, knife-knives,thief--thieves（res读音为[vz]妻子骑牛拿起刀, wife--wives; calf---calves; knife----knives; 追得贼狼满街跑, thief---thieves; wolf----wolves 碰倒架子丧己命, shelf---shelves; self---selves; life----lives 手帕树叶半空飘. leaf----leaves half----halves （6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字母。,woman--women,policeman--policemen, Englishman--Englishmen,Frenchman--Frenchmen, foot--feet, tooth--teeth, child--children,mouse-mice,Ox-Oxen（公牛）（7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 ,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish works （8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes 另外,①当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。 apple tree,five apple trees, a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 men teachers,three women doctors ②可用"量词+of+名词复数"这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 room Of students,two boxes Of pencils

初中所有动词过去式

初中英语不规则动词表 1. A---A---A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 beat beat beaten 打 3. A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A ---B ---B型（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费（3）其他动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think hought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站

过去分词用法详解

过去分词的用法一、构成：规则动词的过去分词是有动词原形+ed构成的，不规则动词则有各自构成。二、基本特点：过去分词在句子中的基本用法有两点：1.与逻辑主语之间是被动关系 2.表示完成的动作三、过去分词的用法： 1.作表语：过去分词作表语时，一般同时具备被动与完成的含义例如：（1）The cup is broken.（2）He is retired. （3）After running,he is tired. 【注意】过去分词作表语时，已经变成形容词性质，主要表示主语的状态（被动完成）,而被动语态则表示动作. 例如：(1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作) （2）The cup is now broken. 茶杯碎了.(过去分词作表语,表示状态) 【注意】有些动词如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,表示“感到……” 用 -ing 形式来修饰物，表示“令人……” 例如：The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣. 2.做定语作定语用的过去分词其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成.

1）单一过去分词作定语,常置于其所修饰的名词之前，称作前置定语。例如：We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况. 2）过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句,称作后置定语。例如：The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功. 3）过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号. 例如：The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 4）用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以修饰与人有关的表情，面貌，举止行为以及感觉等，这时不能用v-ing形式例如：The boy looked up with a pleased expression. His satisfied look showed that he had passed this exam. 3.作状语作状语的过去分词在句子中多表示被动和完成两重含义。 1）时间状语：A.当和谓语动词动作同时发生时，一般仅表示被动,可以用when从句代替。例如：Faced with difficulties,we shouldn’t withdraw for any excuse. B.当表示动作发生在谓语动词之前时，通常既表被动又表完成，可用after从句代替，也可用现在分词的被动完成形式代替。例如：Caught by the police,the thief lay on the ground,crying and shouting.

初中英语语法专项习题7-动词

初中英语语法专项习题7-动词 1 ( ) 1 Every night the noise____. A. wakes him out B. wake up him C. wakes him up D. wake him up ( ) 2 She ___ to sleep, but she was never able to sleep well. A. came B. fell C. tried D. missed ( ) 3 I like what she ___. I hate what she ___. A. likes; hates B. like; hate C. liked; hates D. to like; to hate ( ) 4 She picked it up and ____. A. gave me it B. gave to me it C. gave it me D. gave it to me ( ) 5 The shoes are yours. Please____. A. put it away B. put them away C. put away it D. put away them 2 ( ) 1 The stars ___ very small because they're very far away from us. A. are B. look C. change D. become ( ) 2 The room ___ cool in summer and'warm in winter. A. feels B. is felt C. feels to be D. is felt to be ( ) 3 You don't look so___ as usual. Why not go to see a doctor? A. well B. better C. badly D. worse ( ) 4 His temperature seems ____.A. right B. all right C. well D. true ( ) 5 The cake smells .A. well B. badly C. good D. terribly 3 ( ) 1 Will you go to the Great Wall if it ___ fine tomorrow? A. will B. was C. is going to be D. is ( ) 2 Please come to our meeting if you ___ free tomorrow. A. will B. will be C. are D. were ( ) 3 ___ you free now? I have some questions to ask you. A. Will B. Do C. Are D. Would 4 ( ) 1 His grandpa___for a year.A. died B. has been deadC. has been death D. was died ( ) 2 I won't go to bed until my mother ____ back.A. came B. comes C. will D. come ( ) 3 The pupils ___ the Summer Palace tomorrow afternoon. A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. are going to visit ( ) 4 He___ his homework this time yesterday. A. is doing B. was doing C. did D. will do ( ) 5 Two years ago, he___the Youth League.A. has joined B. joined C. took part in D. entered 5 ( ) 1 -Were you here yesterday?-Yes, I___.A. am B. was C. are D. were ( ) 2 What ____ they doing now in the forest?A. is B. are C. were D. was ( ) 3 The young people ___ in the mountain area and they ___ planting trees now. A. is; are B. are; are C. are; were D. was; were 6 ( ) 1 The girl___beautiful at all.A. isn't B. doesn't C. didn't D. aren't ( ) 2 I've told him ___ the dog any more.A. don't play with B. not to play with C. don't play D. not to play ( ) 3 -My pen____.-Neither does mine. A. won't write B. didn't write C. doesn't write D. is not written ( ) 4 He___ his homework last week. He___ ill.A. doesn't do; is B. didn't; / C. didn't do; was D. not did; was 7 ( ) 1 I think Miss Gao is the best teacher in our school. ___ you___ me? A. Do; agree with B. Are; agree with C. Are; angry with D. Are; agree with ( ) 2 ____ your mother a bus driver?A. Are B. Is C. Did D. Does ( ) 3 ___ you been to the Great Wall?A. Has B. Have C. Do D. Does 8 ( ) 1 He ___ in the reading room just now.A. is B. was C. will be D. will ( ) 2 The boys___ very happy during the holidays.A. is B. were C. am D. was ( ) 3 How many deer ___ there on the farm last year?A. are B. were C. is D. was 9 ( ) 1 My mother___free last week.A. isn't B. aren't C. not was D. wasn't ( ) 2 They___busy the other day.A. aren't B. weren't C. is D. wasn't 10 ( ) 1 ___ there many trees on both sides of the river last summer? A. Are B. Is C. Was D. Were ( ) 2 ___ there any snow on the ground last night?A. Are B. Were C. Is D. Was ( ) 3 ___ her sister at home yesterday evening?A. Is B. Was C. Will be D. Are 11 ( ) 1 Who___ in the next room, singing the song just now?A. are B. is C. was D. am ( ) 2 -When ___ they going to start?-Next week.A. is B. are C. were D. will be ( ) 3 -Where___you last week?-We went to London for a holiday.A. are B. were C. is D. am 12