八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习综合经典1
八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习综合经典1
一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．语法填空
Lots of us have dreams of doing big business when we grow up. However, Moziah Bridges, a 14-year-old boy in the USA, is now the CEO of his own company. He ________ （sell） $ 200, 000 bow ties （领结） since 2011.
One day about four years ago, when Moziah ________ （shop） for bow ties, he found they were only in "ugly" black ________red. He wanted a change. So he asked his grandma ________（teach）him how to sew （缝）, and finally developed the talent for creating bow ties. However, his first bow tie ________ （not look）nice. The boy never gave up and kept on ________（practise）. He used colourful cloth with different pictures. His parents and friends started to like his bow ties. Then he tried ________sell them online to several shops in the south. Moziah's bow ties soon ________（become） popular.
Now his business has increased quickly. As Bridges' mother said, "You don't have to wait" ________you're older. If you ________（have） a dream, just go for it. "
【答案】has sold；shopped；and；to teach；didn't look；practising；to；became；until；have
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了美国14岁的莫西亚布里奇斯自己创业经商的故事，她现在是自己公司的首席执行官。自2011年以来，他卖出了20万美元的领结。但是他的起步也不是一帆风顺的，但是终于成功了。
（1）句意：自从2011年，他已经卖出了20个领结。根据since 2011可知，句子时态为现在完成时，现在完时的结构为have+过去分词，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词使用has，故答案是has sold。
（2）句意：大约四年前的一天，当莫西亚买领结的时候他发现他们只有黑色的和红色的。根据four years ago,可知句子时态为过去时，shop的过去式为shopped，故答案是shopped。
（3）句意：大约四年前的一天，当莫西亚买领结的时候，他发现他们只有难看的黑色的和红色的。red和black是两种不同的颜色，属于并列关系，需要并列连词and连接，故答案是and。
（4）句意：于是，他让他奶奶教给他如何制作，终于发展成了制作领结的天赋。ask sb.to do sth.让某人做某事，因此应使用动词不定式，故答案是to teach。
（5）句意：然而，他的第一个领结看上去不好。空缺处使句子谓语部分，短文的时态为一般过去时，因此借助did构成否定，故答案是didn't look。
（6）句意：这个男孩从不放弃，并坚持练习。keep on doing sth.坚持做某事，固定搭配，应使用ing形式，故答案是practice。
（7）句意：于是他设法在网上卖给南方的几个商店。try do do sth设法做某事，因此使用to构成动词不定式，故答案是to。
（8）句意：莫西亚的领结很快就变得受欢迎了。本文的基本时态为一般过去时，因此本句应该使用过去时，become的过去式为became，故答案是became。
（9）句意：你不必等到你老。not…until，直到……才，固定搭配，故答案是until。
（10）句意：如果你有梦想，就大胆去做吧。本句为直接引语，直接引语使用一般现在时，主语为第二人称，动词使用原形，故答案是have。
【点评】本题考查单词在语境中的运用，需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定打配合基本句型。
2．语法填空
Danny has a hobby-playing games online. He is interested in________（solve）puzzles. He particularly enjoys chatting with other gamers.
Now Danny________（sit） quietly in front of his computer. His mother thinks he is doing his homework,________she is wrong. Danny is actually surfing the Internet, solving puzzles and chatting with other gamers around the world. "How________（fun） it is!" Danny thinks.
Why are games online so interesting?"________I can pretend to be a different person. There are also many different________（kind） of games for me to play, "says Danny. "Other people love to play these games because they can play at any time.
They do not need to organize a group. Someone in the world always wants________（play）. "Starting a game online is not easy. Some gamers________（not） welcome new gamers. They will become angry when new gamers ask them questions. Other gamers are helpful. They want to make new friends. When Danny has________question, he always says, "Excuse me, are you busy?
I am new at this game and I need some help."
Sometimes this________（work）. At other times, however, the gamer at the other end makes you feel like a fool.
【答案】 solving；is sitting；but；funny；Because；kinds；to play；don't；a；works
【解析】【分析】文章大意：丹尼喜欢玩网上游戏。他对解谜感兴趣。他特别喜欢和其他玩家聊天。喜欢为网上的其他游戏玩家解决难题，和世界各地的其他玩家聊天。一些玩家不欢迎新玩家。当新玩家问他们问题时，他们会生气。其他玩家也很有帮助。他们想交新朋友。当丹尼有问题时，他总是说，“对不起，你忙吗？我是这个游戏的新手，我需要一些帮助。，有时候会得到帮助，有时候则不会。
（1）句意：他对解谜感兴趣，in为介词，介词后的动词使用ing形式，故答案是solving。
（2）句意：现在丹尼正安静地坐在电脑前。根据now可知句子为现在进行时，现在进行时的结构是be+doing，注意是第三人称单数，be的形式为is，sit的ing形式为sitting，故答案是is sitting。
（3）句意：但是她错了。根据文章内容可知，他妈妈认为他在做作业，可是他实际上上网、解谜、聊天，所以使用转折连词but连接，故答案是but。
（4）句意：多么有趣啊，本句为感叹句how后面跟形容词最表语，因此将fun改为funny，故答案是funny。
（5）句意：因为我可以装扮成不同的人。本句是对Why are games online so interesting?的回答，应使用because连接，故答案是Because。
（6）句意：也有许多不同种类的游戏让我来玩。kind可数名词，根据many可是应使用复
数形式，故答案是kinds。
（7）句意：世界上总是有人想玩。want to do sth.想做某事，固定搭配，因此使用动词不定时，故答案是to play。
（8）句意：一些玩家不欢迎新玩家。本句为直接引语句式，应使用一般现在时，主语为复数，，应使用助动词do构成否定，故答案是don't。
（9）句意：当丹尼有问题的时候，他总是说：“打扰一下，你忙吗？我是这个游戏的新手，我需要帮助。”question可数名词，但是使用了单数形式，且该单词首字母的发音问辅音，应使用不定冠词a，故答案是a。
（10）句意：有时候这行得通。根据sometimes，可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语this 按照第三人称单数对待，动词使用单三形式，故答案是works。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。
3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。
When I was a little girl, I wanted to be an English ________ （teach）. When I grew up a little bit, I had great interests in ________. I loved going to concerts（音乐会） with my friends and reading music books and ________ （magazine）. During my last few months at high school, my dream was to ________ a reporter for a music publication（刊物）. ________ I learned writing in college. But my teacher said my writing was terrible, and I ________ not be a good reporter. My friends also told me it was difficult ________ （find） a reporter job. Then I began ________ （learn）public relation（公共关系）, because I enjoyed ________ （talk）with people.
But now I work as an editor for a newspaper, I got the job because of my ________ （write）skills. So don't let anyone tell you that you can't be what you want to be.
【答案】 teacher；music；magazines；be/become；So；could；to find；to learn；talking；writing
【解析】【分析】文章大意：我小的时候想当一位英语老师。后来我对音乐很感兴趣，我想为一家音乐刊物当记者。我现在是一家报纸的编辑。
（1）句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我想当一名英语老师。teach，教，动词；由文中的语句I want to be an English…提示可知此句表示想成为一名英语老师，teacher，可数名词，由an提示要用单数形式，故答案为teacher。
（2）句意：当我长大一点的时候，我对音乐有很大的兴趣。根据后文的语句I loved going to concerts（音乐会）with my friends and reading music books提示可知，我对音乐感兴趣，music，不可数名词，故填music。
（3）句意：我喜欢和朋友们一起去听音乐会，读音乐书籍和杂志。magazine，可数名词，杂志由前面books提示要用复数形式，故答案为magazines。
（4）句意：在高中的最后几个月里，我的梦想是成为一家音乐刊物的记者。根据文中的
my dream及a reporter的提示可知，此句表示想成为记者。be或become，动词，前面有不定式符号to，故答案为be或become。
（5）句意：所以我在大学里学习了写作。根据上文中的my dream was to be a reporter提示可知，在大学里学习写作是结果，要用连词so，故填So。
（6）句意：但我的老师说我的写作很糟糕，我不会是一个好记者。根据上文语句But my teacher said my writing was terrible, 提示可知，此句表示我不可能成为一名好的记者，要用情态动词can，因表示过去，故答案为could。
（7）句意：我的朋友也告诉我很难找到一份记者的工作。固定句型结构it's+形容词+to do sth，做某事怎样，此句需要动词不定式，find，找到，发现，动词，故填to find。
（8）句意：后来我开始学习公共关系，因为我喜欢与人交谈。①learn，学习；begin to do sth，开始做某事，故填to learn；②talk，谈话；enjoy doing sth，喜欢做某事，故填talking。
（9）句意：我得到这份工作是因为我的写作能力。write，写作，动词。由because of可知，后面要用名词，或代词。writing skill，写作能力，故填writing。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。
4．语法填空
Do you want to learn English well？Here ________（be）some advice that I can give you to make your English better. The first point is the most important. And you must understand it's your duty（责任）________（learn）English well！Studying English is your own duty. It isn't the duty of your teacher or your parents.
Work as hard ________ possible！You must be active in your class and practise________（speak）English often in class or out of class. You should________（do）all of your homework after school.
Keep studying!________ stop for a long time such as a summer holiday！To make progress，you should study for at least 5 hours every week.
Make English study your hobby and have fun.
You can improve your English ________following activities：
Reading—Find interesting English books to read.
Singing—Sing your favourite English________again and again.
Watching DVDs—________don't you watch some English DVDs？It can make you relax and improve your English.
Travelling—What about ________（travel）
in English-speaking countries？You can learn a lot from your travelling.
【答案】 is；to learn；as；speaking；do；Don't；through；songs；Why；travelling
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了提高英语的方法。首先要多说多练，要持之以恒。把所有的作业做完。然后还可以多读英文书籍。多唱英文歌曲，多看英语视频等等（1）句意：这儿有一些给你的让你的英语更好的建议。advice，不可数名词，be形式为
is，故答案是is。
（2）句意：你必须要明白，学好英语是你的责任。本句为宾语从句，从句是动词不定式做主语，it做形式主语结构，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to learn。
（3）句意：尽可能的努力学习。as…as possible，尽可能的。固定搭配，故答案是as。（4）句意：你必须尽在在课上或者课外练习说英语。练习做某事practice doing sth.固定短语，因此使用动名词形式，故答案是speaking。
（5）句意：放学后你应该做所有的作业。should应该，情态动词，情态动词后跟动词原形，故答案是do。
（6）句意：坚持学习，不要停很长时间，比如一个暑假。句子为祈使句，否定祈使句以don't开始，故答案是Don't。
（7）句意：你可以通过下面的活动提高英语。通过某种方式through，故答案是through。
（8）句意：一遍遍地唱你最喜欢的英文歌曲。根据sing可知是歌曲。歌曲song，可数名词，在句中使用复数形式，故答案是songs。
（9）句意：为什么不看一些英文的DVD呢？这是一个建议的句子，用why not do sth，为什么不做某事，表建议，故答案是Why。
（10）句意：旅游咋样？about为介词，介词后跟动名词形式，故答案是travelling。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。
5．阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容和括号内所给中文提示写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
As prices and building costs keep rising, the “do-it-yourself” （DIY）in the U. S. is more ________（流行）than before.
“We needed furniture家具for our living room,” says John Ross, “and we just didn't have e________money to buy it. So we decided to try to m________ a few tables and chairs.” The Rosses took a two-week c________. Jim Hatfield has three boys and his wife died. He has a full-time job at home as well as in a shoe making factory. He really lives a hard life. Last month, he broke his car and had to p________$420 to mend it. “I was deeply sad at the moment. Now I've finished a course about cars, and I should be able to ________（修理） the car by________（自己）.”
In fact, most families in the country are doing everything they can to s________money so they can afford the high cost of living. If you want to________（成为）a “do-it-yourselfer”, you can go to DIY classes. And for those who don't have time to take a course, there are books that t________you how you can do things yourself.
6．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词或词组）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卷的相应位置。
Now more and more Chinese teenagers find life more difficult without their parents. They
don't know how ________（do）housework ________ their parents almost do everything at home. That is a big problem.
Joy is a fourteen-year-old girl. One day, her parents went away on a trip, so she was alone at home. At first she ________（think） she would be happy because her parents were not in. She could do what she liked. But when it was six o'clock in the afternoon, she felt ________（hunger）."Oh, it's time ________（have） dinner. Where can I get my dinner?" she said to ________（she）. Later she found some meat and vegetables in the fridge, ________ she didn't know how to cook them. At that moment, she missed her parents very much. At last she could only go to the supermarket to buy some food to eat.
Many teenagers have ________ same problem. So I think they should learn some life skills, like ________（cook）, tidying up their rooms or dressing themselves. They shouldn't depend ________ their parents too much.
7．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（最多限填3个单词）。
Do you know a 24-year-old bus driver, Wang Ping? He is my uncle, and he is my idol （偶像）. He has a lot of hobbies. He likes sports very much. We often play basketball and football together. He tells me the ________ （good） way to relax is ________ exercise. It is healthy for the mind and the body. He also likes reading. He thinks reading is ________ （education）. He says, "You can always keep yourself happy ________ you like reading." Under his influence, now I'm also interested in reading books.
My uncle is a kind-hearted man. He often helps people who are in ________ （trouble）. Now he is very popular in our city. Last week he saw an old man ________ （lie） on the side of the road while he was driving a bus. When he saw this, he stopped the bus without ________ （think）twice. Then he got off and asked the old man what happened. When he knew the old man was ________ （bad） ill, he asked all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. But to ________ （he） surprise, they all agreed to go with him.
Thanks ________ my uncle and the passengers, the old man was saved by the doctors in time. How happy my uncle was! My uncle is such a man who often doesn't think about himself. He only thinks about others.
答案解析部分
一、语法填空
8．【答案】 for；On；asked；to paint；Later；makes；them；thinking；faces；called 【解析】【分析】短文大意：一个艺术家想绘制出世界上最美丽的东西，后来他遇见了3个人，最后发现，世界上最美丽的东西是家。
（1）句意：他开始启程去寻找世界上最美丽的东西。根据后文提到 In any church, you will find it 'Faith' is the most beautiful thing in the world.可知空缺的意义为寻找，填入介词for。（2）句意：在路上，他遇到了一个神父，他问他去那里。根据句子提到he met an aged
priest，可知空缺的意义为在路上，on the way，故答案为On。
（3）句意：在路上，他遇到了一个神父，他问他去那里。ask，询问，根据句子用了过去式，可知ask用过去式为asked，故答案为asked。
（4）句意：我想绘画出世界上最美丽的东西。paint，绘画，短语want to do sth，想要做某事，填入to paint，故答案为to paint。
（5）句意：后来，一个年轻妈妈告诉他最美丽的东西是爱。late，后来，根据句子提到a young mother told him，可知应该是后来告诉他，填入later，故答案为Later。
（6）句意：爱使得世界运转。make，使得，根据主语为love，为不可数名词，谓语用单三，填入makes，故答案为makes。
（7）句意：我如何才能绘画出它们所有部分呢——信仰，爱和和平。they，它们，根据they做了介词of的宾语，可知空缺应该用宾格形式，填入them，故答案为them。
（8）句意：他很惊讶，没有思考他去那里，他回到了熟悉的地方。think，思考，根据介词without后面加动词ing形式，可知空缺填入thinking，故答案为thinking。
（9）句意：在他的妻子和孩子的脸上，他看见了爱和信仰。face，脸，根据句子提到his wife and children，可知face应该用复数，填入faces，故答案为faces。
（10）句意；这个艺术家绘制了世界上最美丽的东西并且把它称为家。call，称，根据句子用了过去式，可知应该用call的过去式i为called，故答案为called。
【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系上下文，给出空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。
二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
Hilton Head Island, in South Carolina, is a popular vacation spot on the East Coast of the US. There are 250 restaurants on the island. You can try the following excellent restaurants.
Dinner: 4 p.m. ~ 9 p.m. It's a good place for seafood lovers. The menu is mostly seafood.
Dinner: 5 p.m. ~ 9 p.m. The view from this restaurant is wonderful.
You have many choices, such as beef, burgers and soups. Frankie Bones
Address: 1301 Main Street
Telephone number: 1-843-842-4033
Lunch: 11: 30 a.m. ~ 3 p.m.
Dinner: 4 p.m. ~ 9 p.m. For lunch you can enjoy sandwiches, salads, rice, and pasta dishes. The entrée is served with soup or salad. The salad also has cheese, pine nuts and dried berries. Mellow Mushroom Address: 33 Office Park Road Telephone number: 1-843-686-2474 Lunch: 11: 00 a.m. ~ 4 p.m. Dinner: 4 p.m. ~ 10 p.m. If you want something different, stop in at the Mellow Mushroom. They have special pizzas, salads, and sandwiches. If you enjoy wines, you'll surely find something you like.
A. Skull Creek Boathouse
B. Quarterdeck
C. Frankie Bones
D. Mellow Mushroom
（2）If you want a restaurant that has a good view, you'd better phone____________.
A. 1-843-681-3663
B. 1-866-561-8802
C. 1-843-842-4033
D. 1-843-686-2474
（3）Where is the restaurant that closes the latest?
A. At 397 Squire Pope Road.
B. At 32 Greenwood Road.
C. At 1301 Main Street.
D. At 33 Office Park Road.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要是四个餐厅的广告。
（1）细节理解题。根据 Skull Creek Boathouse 中： It's a good place for seafood lovers. 这是一个海鲜爱好者的好地方，可知Alan 很喜欢吃鱼的话，他很可能选择 Skull Creek Boathouse 。故选A 。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Quarterdeck 中 ： The view from this restaurant is wonderful. 从餐厅望出去的风景好极了，可知如果想要看好风景，可以拨打Quarterdeck 餐厅的电话 1-866-561-8802 。故选B 。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Mellow Mushroom 中： Dinner: 4 p.m. ~ 10 p.m.晚餐时间：晚上4—10点，可知Mellow Mushroom 餐厅关门最晚，地址在 Address: 33 Office Park Road 。故选D 。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
10．阅读理解
We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and girls in your local （当地的）area from 6-17 years of age.
We've had first experience of junior sports ourselves across a wide kind of activities. So we've set up Hobbies for Kids to help you find your way through the sporting in your place.
Whether you want to take up a sport or hobby just for interest or to compete at a high standard （水平）, there are usually major decisions that you need to take if you are new to a sport or new to a local area.
Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored （学费定制）to the needs of juniors, buying the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.
Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and Junior Swimming. Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!
We hope you find Hobbies for Kids useful and informative.
（1）Hobbies for Kids is .
A. a TV program about sports and hobbies.
B. a course especially designed for parents.
C. a magazine on hobbies for kids.
D. a guide to kids, sports and hobbies.
（2）Who would be interested in Hobbies for Kids ?
A. Teachers.
B. Parents.
C. Teenagers.
D. Athletes.（3）With the help of Hobbies for Kids , you will .
A. compete at a high standard
B. develop a new hobby quickly
C. know how to pick a right club
D. know the needs of juniors
（4）If you want to get information on junior basketball, you should .
A. input your requests and check back
B. click the site now and then
C. give some advice to the site
D. scan other information first
（5）Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A textbook.
B. The Internet.
C. A magazine.
D. An advertisement.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一则关于6-17岁学生制定的体育兴趣俱乐部的广告。（1）主旨大意题。根据Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored （学费定制）to the needs of juniors, buying the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.可知Hobbies for kids是一个为青少年选择爱好或者体青运动的一个引领组织，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and
hobbies for boys and girls in your local （当地的）area from 6-17 years of age.可知对于Hobbles for kids感兴趣的是青少年，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, 可知 Hobbies for kids 可以帮着孩子们选择合适的俱乐部。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据 Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and Junior Swimming. Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!可知其他的运动和爱好会很快加入网站扩展，根据您自己输入的信息和要求,所以请继续跟进！故选A。
（5）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!理解可知，这篇文章应该来自网络，故选B。
【点评】考阅读理解。本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔细理解，归纳出中心思想。
11．阅读理解
In your life, there are a lot of people around you. They are your relatives, neighbors, friends or classmates. Sometimes you get along well with them, but sometimes don't. What can you do when someone hurts you? Most people may be angry or even fight with him. But it's not a good idea. You'd better forget all this and forgive（宽恕，原谅） him.
Maybe it's not easy for you to do that, but it's possible. Please remember: Keep a good mood, and you will keep healthy. Staying angry with others, in fact, means letting others' mistakes treat yourself unfairly.
How can you forgive others?
First，think of something pleasant and try to get yourself happy.
Second, don't wait others to say sorry to you. If anyone hurts you，he won't say sorry to you. He may just want to hurt you or just don't see things the same way.
Third, try to see things in others' shoes. You can understand their minds better and make yourself a little happier.
At last, try to know yourself very well. Whose mistakes caused that，yours or others'? If it's our fault，try to say sorry to them. If it isn't，smile at the thing.
（1）This passage tells us _______.
A. to get along well with others
B. to say sorry to others bravely when we hurt them
C. not to hurt others
D. to forgive others when they hurt us
（2）Forgiving others is _______ according to the writer's opinion.
A. easy
B. foolish
C. possible
D. impossible
（3）The underlined sentence means "_______" in Chinese.
A. 尽力坚持自己的观点
B. 尽力让别人接受自己的观点
C. 尽量站在别人的立场上看问题
D. 尽量看到别人立场中的实质问题
（4）The writer gives us _______ ideas to forgive others.
A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
（5）Forgetting others' mistakes and staying happy can make us _______.
A. sad
B. disappointed
C. upset
D. healthy
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍别人伤害我们时要原谅他们，同时提出几点看法。
（1）主旨题。根据本文介绍别人伤害我们时要原谅他们，同时提出几点看法可知，文章主要告诉我们原谅伤害我们的人，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Maybe it's not easy for you to do that, but it's possible 也许你不容易做到，但这是可能的，可知根据作者的观点，原谅他人是可能的，故划线部分的意思是试着从别人的角度看问题，故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据You can understand their minds better and make yourself a little happier你可以更好地理解他们的想法，让自己更快乐，可知这是站在别人的角度看待问题，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据first，second，third和at last，可知作者给出4个意见，故选B。
（5）推理题。根据 Keep a good mood, and you will keep healthy，保持好心情，你会保持健康，可知忘记别人的错误并保持快乐会让我们健康，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
12．阅读理解
How much sleep do we need? We are all different. Some people need only three hours of sleep a night. Others need ten hours of sleep a night. Most Americans sleep an average（平均） of seven to eight hours a night. After the age of fifty, the average sleeping time goes down to 6.5 hours a night.
Most people have a bad night when they cannot fall asleep（睡着）. The name of this problem is called insomnia.
This isn't a new problem .Many famous people in history had insomnia .Some of these people had special ideas to make them sleep .Benjamin Franklin, the famous inventor had four beds. He moved from one to another to fall asleep .King Louis XIV（国王路易十四）of France had four hundred and thirteen beds and hoped to fall asleep in one of them .Mark Twain, the famous American writer, had a different way. He lay on his side across the end of his bed.
（1）After the age of fifty, the average sleep hours are________ a night.
A. 3 hours
B. 7 or 8 hours
C. 6.5 hours
D. 10 hours
（2）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. King Louis XIV was an American.
B. Many famous people in history had a bad night when they couldn't fall asleep.
C. Benjamin Franklin was a famous doctor.
D. Most young Americans sleep for an average of 6.5 hours a night.
（3）Why did Benjamin Franklin have four beds?
A. Because he hoped to fall asleep.
B. Because he was a famous inventor.
C. Because he had a lot of money.
D. Because he liked to lie on his side across the end of his bed.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文讲述我们需要多少时间的睡眠，很多人会患有失眠症很多名人也不例外。
（1）细节题。根据第一段提到After the age of fifty, the average sleeping time goes down to 6.5 hours a night.可知50之后每晚睡6.5个小时，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据第三段中提到King Louis XI V （国王路易十四）of France had four hundred and thirteen beds and hoped to fall asleep in one of them他是法国人可得知A错误。根据第三段提到Many famous people in history had insomnia, too.许多名人也会失眠故B项正确。Benjamin Franklin, the famous inventor, had four beds. He moved（移动） from one to another to fall asleep.他是个著名的发明家，而不是作家，故C项错误。根据第一段提到Benjamin Franklin, the famous inventor, had four beds. He moved（移动） from one to another to fall asleep.50岁以后才会睡眠6.5小时故D项错误，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据Benjamin Franklin, the famous inventor had four beds. He moved from one to another to fall aslee的描述可知他有四张床是因为希望睡着，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
13．阅读理解
Hayao Miyazaki（宫崎骏） was born in Tokyo on January 5, 1941. As a boy, he liked to read and draw cartoons. After graduating from university in 1963, Miyazaki joined the Toei Animation （动画片制作） Company. At Toei, he worked on many animated movies, like the famous Puss in Boots. In 1984, he made Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind （《风之谷》）, which was based on a comic book he wrote. Because this movie was so successful, Miyazaki was able to start his own animation company, Studio Ghibli.
One of Miyazaki's most loved movies is My Neighbour Totoro（《龙猫》）, made in 1988. It is a children's movie, but many teenagers and adults like it too. The movie is about two sisters who become friends with a big supernatural （神奇的）animal named Totoro. It is a very warm-hearted story, with many strange and interesting characters such as Cat Bus, a cat which is also a
bus. Miyazaki's 2001 movie, Spirited Away, was even more popular than My Neighbour Totoro.
All of Miyazaki's movies have strange but charming people and creatures. Many of his stories happen in worlds that are different from ours. However, they still show his ideas about real life. He often points out how humans hurt the natural world. He thinks people should change the ways.
（1）What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The movie My Neighbour Totoro.
B. The early life of Hayao Miyazaki.
C. The most famous movie in Japan.
D. The works of Hayao Miyazaki.
（2）How did the success of Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind help Miyazaki?
A. He was able to start his own company.
B. He could sell a comic book.
C. He could join Toei Animation Company.
D. He could work on more movies.
（3）Which movie is "Cat Bus" in?
A. Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind.
B. My Neighbour Totoro.
C. Puss in Boots.
D. Spirited Away.
（4）Who likes My Neighbour Totoro ?
A. Teenage girls.
B. Children.
C. Adults.
D. A, B & C.
（5）According to the passage, why are Miyazaki's movies so successful?
A. His movies are funny.
B. His movies show his ideas about real life.
C. His movies have strange creatures.
D. He wants to protect the environment.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了宫崎骏的生平事迹及主要作品，以及他的作品给我们的启示。
（1）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，此文主要介绍了宫崎骏的主要作品，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句In 1984, he made Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind （《风之谷》）, which was based on a comic book he wrote. Because this movie was so successful, Miyazaki was able to start his own animation company, Studio Ghibli.理解可知，由《风之谷》改版的电影很成功，以至于宫崎骏成立了自己的工作室，故选A。
（3）细节理解题，根据文中的语句One of Miyazaki's most loved movies is My Neighbour Totoro”,“It is a very warm-hearted story,with many strange and interesting characters such as Cat Bus”理解可知猫巴士在电影我的邻居托托罗里面，故选吧B。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 It is a children's movie, but many teenagers and adults like it too. 理解可知，My Neighbour Totoro很受小朋友，年轻人以及成年人的喜爱，故选D。
（5）理解推断题。根据文中的语句Many of his stories happen in worlds that are different from ours. However, they still show his ideas about real life. 理解可知，宫崎骏的电影受欢迎的主要原因，就是反映现实生活，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细读各个问题，带着问题浏览短文，抓住关键信息，选择最佳答案。
14．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Have you ever had thought about building a robot? Or putting together a spaceship? Or even seeing your face made out of chocolate? Done. All you need is a 3-D printer.
The possibilities of 3-D printing seem endless. All the user has to do is to design an object on the computer and choose a material to print in. The printers print in hundreds of different materials including glass, sugar and even skin! When the user presses "print", the 3-D printer spreads the materials layer by layer and like magic the object is produced.
The first 3-D printer was invented in 1986 by American, Charles Hull. But 3-D printing has only become cheap enough recently for most people to use. Designers now use 3-D printing to create unusual things. The Dutch artist Dirk Vander Kooj prints furniture made from old fridges.
And doctors have used 3-D printing to print human body parts! The Telegraph reported in February that scientists from Cornell Medical College even printed a man-made ear.
But like a lot of new technologies, if 3-D printing gets into the wrong hands, it can be dangerous.
In 2011 a group of four men in the US used 3-D printing to produce ATM skimmers. These were placed on an ATM and stole over $400,000 from users of the ATM. It is terrible to think that criminals like them might one day use a 3-D printer to print a gun.
But for better or for worse, 3-D printing has been put into use. In a few years, you'll probably be wondering how you could ever live without your 3-D printer!
（1）________ invented the first3-D printer.
A. Charles Hull
B. Four men in the US
C. Dirk Vander Kooj
D. A doctor called Cornell （2）What is the correct order for people to use a 3-D printer?
a. choose a proper material.
b. Press "print".
c. The 3-D printer spreads the material.
d. Use a computer to design an object.
A. a-b-c-d
B. d-c-b-a
C. a-c-d-b
D. d-a-b-c
（3）According to the passage, people have NOT yet produced ________ with a 3-D printer.
A. a gun
B. some furniture
C. a man-made ear
D. ATM skimmers
（4）What does the writer think of the 3-D printer?
A. It is useless in our daily life.
B. It is helpful but dangerous.
C. It is important only for our work.
D. It is too expensive for most people.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文给我们介绍了现在科技3D打印机的发展和用途，以及3D打印机的发明创造，应广泛用于现在生活的领域。以及其重要作用。
（1）细节理解题。根据短文中The first 3-D printer was invented in 1986 by an American, Charles Hull.可知，在1986年第一个3D打印机是一位美国人叫Charles Hull发明的，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据短文中AII the user has to do is to design an object on the computer and choose a material toprint in; When the user presses（按） "print" ； the 3-D printer spreads the materials layer（层） by layer.可知，所有的使用者不得不在电脑上设计一个物体，然后选择材料去打印他,当使用者一按print' 按钮，打印机就复印到材料的底层，故选D。
（3 ）细节理解题。根据文中It is terrible to think that criminals like them might one day use a 3-D printer to print agun.可怕的是喜欢3D打印机的罪犯们有一天用它去打印枪，故选A。（4）推理判断题。根据短文The possibilities of 3-D printing seem endless（无穷尽的）; it can be dangerous.可知，3D打印似乎是无穷尽的。但是它也可能是危险的，故选B。
【点评】本题考查细节理解的阅读。凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分。要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。
15．阅读理解
Have you ever walked along the Silk Road? Do you know the famous Silk Road? The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes （贸易路线） connecting the East and the West.
People used to do business with others from different countries along these routes. Scientists and archaeologists （考古学家） believe people began to travel along the Silk Road centuries ago. By the time the Chinese silk trade became important in the world, the Silk Road had covered almost 6,500 kilometers. It started from China and finally got to Rome.
Merchants traveling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried and traded in tea, cloth, gold, jewels and other things. During its busiest time, the Silk Road attracted （吸引）people from many different countries, such as China, Iraq, Turkey and Greece. All those people traveled along the Silk Road to share goods, stories, ideas, languages and cultures.
In modern times, the old Silk Road is still useful, but now people use trains instead of camels and horses to travel. They have realized the Silk Road is becoming more and more important among countries. So they, especially Chinese people, are trying to make better use of it. There is even a Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan, Gansu Province. It has over 35,000 objects about the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries.
（1）The old Silk Road started from China and got to______.
A. Iraq
B. Turkey
C. Greece
D. Rome
（2）The underlined word "Merchants" means "______" in Chinese.
A. 流浪汉
B. 犯人
C. 商人
D. 铁匠（3）All people could share ______ through the Silk Road.
A. families
B. cultures
C. people
D. countries
（4）What can we infer according to the passage?
A. We can get to any part of the world along the Silk Road.
B. The Silk Road is playing an important role in the world.
C. Only China would like to make better use of the Silk Road.
D. The Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan simply protects China's history.
（5）What's the best title for this passage?
A. The Silk Road
B. The Silk Route Museum
C. The East and the West
D. Trades Among Countries
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了丝绸之路的历史、作用以及其现状。
（1）细节理解题，根据It started from China and finally got to Rome.可知，古老的丝绸之路起源于中国，最后到达了罗马，故答案是D。
（2）词义猜测题，根据Merchants traveling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried and traded in tea, cloth, gold, jewels and other things.可知merchants 的中文意思是商人，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题，根据All those people traveled along the Silk Road to share goods, stories, ideas, languages and cultures.可知所有的人通过丝绸之路分享货物、故事、想法、语言和文化，故答案是B。
（4）逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，丝绸之路在历史上对世界的作用是非常大的连接L 了世界东西方的贸易往来，故答案是B。
（5）标题判断题，文章主要讲述了中国的丝绸之路，故答案是A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题、逻辑推理题、标题判断题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，总结中心思想，凝练句式，最终确定答案。
16．阅读理解
Zhao Min, China I have great interest in stamps. I have started collecting many kinds of stamps since 2011. I have collected over 300 different stamps. They're really amazing.
Julia, the US This toy bear is my only toy. I have kept it for three years. A volunteer who came to our village gave it to me. The toy bear has become my best friend. He knows all of my secrets （秘密）.
Frank, England Look! I have a toy gun. My uncle gave me the first toy gun when I was five. I have got twelve guns from him so far. Being a policeman like him is always my dream. We often play together on the weekend. It's really fun.
Lisa, Canada I was born on a big farm. There are a lot of horses. They are my friends. Feeding them is one of my favorite hobbies. Now I'm old enough to help my father work on the farm.
A. For about six months.
B. For about three years.
C. For about eight years.
D. For five years.
（2）What's Frank's dream?
A. Being a worker.
B. Being a teacher.
C. Being an actor.
D. Being a policeman.（3）What's one of Lisa's favorite hobbies?
A. Riding horses.
B. Feeding horses.
C. Playing with horses.
D. Looking after horses.（4）Who has become Julia's best friend?
A. A toy bear.
B. A volunteer.
C. Her pet.
D. A toy gun.（5）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Zhao Min has collected over 400 different stamps.
B. Frank often plays with his uncle on the weekend.
C. Lisa is a girl who comes from America.
D. Julia's friend gave her a toy bear.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了4个人平日的爱好。
（1）推理题。根据 I have started collecting many kinds of stamps since 2011可知从2011年到2019年，赵敏收集邮票有大概8年了，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据 Being a policeman like him is always my dream可知Frank的梦想是当一名警察，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据Feeding them is one of my favorite hobbies可知Lisa的爱好之一是喂马，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据 The toy bear has become my best friend可知玩具熊已经成为Julia最好的朋友，故选A。
（5）细节题。根据 We often play together on the weekend可知Frank经常和他的叔叔在周末一起玩，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
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busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest （5）其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most。 beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily （6）有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
(完整)八年级下外研版下册英语语法
八年级外研版--语法知识部分 时态部分 现在进行时：现在进行时的基本用法： 1.表示说话时正在进行的动作常和now 连用，有时用一个look、listen ,来表now 这一时 间概念。Look! A train is coming .看，火车来了 Listen! He is playing the piano.听，他在弹琴。 2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作但不一定是说话时正在进行。常和at present ,this week ,these days…等时间状语连用。 What lesson are you studying this week?你们本周学哪一课了？（说话时并不在学） 3.现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作.即是说可以用来代 替将来时，但此时，一般要与表示将来时的时间状语连用，而且仅限于少量动词。如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, return . sleep Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow? 你明天去天津吗? How many of you are coming to the party next week? 你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会？ 一般将来时:.be going to+ 动词原形~ 对于将要发生的事，或打算、计划、决定要做的事情时，皆以be going to + 动词原形的句型来表示因此此句型有be动词，所以是否用am, is, are ,决定于主语 1.肯定句：主语+be (is, am, are) going to +动词原形I am going to play football next Sunday. 下周日我打算踢足球◇He is going to travel around the world. 他计划周游世界。 ◇They are going to meet outside the school gate. 他们打算在校门口见面。◇It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 2.否定句：主语+be (am, are, is) not going to +动词原形We are not going to have any classes next week. 下周我们不上课。◇I’m not going to be a teacher. 我不打算当老师。 ◇He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。 3.疑问句：Be (Am, Is, Are) +主语+ going to + 动词原形 ◇Are you going to be a doctor when you grow up? 你长大了，打算当一名医生吗？ Yes, I am. 是的，我打算当。No, I’m not. 不，我不打算当。 will 同be going to 的用法相同以今天为起点的所有将来时间，如： this afternoon / this evening = tonight / tomorrow/ tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening , the day after tomorrow / next week , next Wednesday / next month, next September / next year. ★“be going to + 动词原形”表示计划、打算、将来发生的动作，常和this afternoon （今天下午），this evening = tonight （今晚），tomorrow （明天），tomorrow morning (afternoon , evening ) （明早，午，晚），the day after tomorrow（后天），next Sunday （下个星期天），next week (下周)，next month (下个月)，next year (明年)等的时间状语连用，前不加任何介词。另外，动作性动词go ,come 和leave 等的现在进行时表示一般将来时动作。 四、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1．比较级：句子表示两者之间的比较时用比较级，其标志词是than, much, a little , even和still等。 e.g. ①Her hair is much longer than mine. 她的头发比我的长多了。②I’m a little older than you. 我比你大一点儿。2．最高级：句子表示三者或多者的比较时用最高级，其标志词是表示范围的in…或of …介词短语。在句子中，形容词最高级前必须加the。 e.g. ①The boy is the tallest in our class. 这个男孩是我们班最高的。 ②Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?