连词的用法

连词的用法
连词的用法

并列连词:and ,both...and ,neither...nor ,not only...but also , as well as. 表转折的连词:but,while,still,yet,however,nevertheless.表示选择的连词:or , otherwise ,either...or,表因果的连词:so ,for .从属连词:(引导从句)that ,who,whom,whose, what,how,when,where,why,how.as ,because,since,so that,though,even if ,even though ,however,whatever...

连词用法讲解

作者:林世生来源:本站原创更新时间:2006-05-08 点击数:1326 连词

连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语,谓语与谓语,句子与句子,分词与分词的词,它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用;而从属连词一般连接主句与从句,从句形式有名词性从句,定语从句和状语从句等。

(一)并列连词:

并列连词可用来连接词与词,词组与词组,分句与分句。常用的并列连词有:and(和),as well as(既…又),both … and(不但…而且),not only … but also (不但…而且),not … but(不是…而是),neither … nor(既不…也不),either … or(不是…就是),or(或者),but (但是),yet(然而),for(因为),so (所以),while(而),when(这时)等。如:Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy(暗沉沉的)./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious(光荣的)yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot.

(二)从属连词

从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有:

引导时间状语从句的:after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 引导原因状语从句的:because, since, as

引导让步状语从句的:although, though, no matter(无论), even if (though)引导条件状语从句的:if, unless, once, so (as) long as

引导结果状语从句的:so … that …, such … that …

引导目的状语从句的:so that …, in order that …

引导比较状语从句的:as … as …, not so (as) … as …, … than …

引导方式状语从句的:as if …

引导主语,宾语或表语从句的连词主要有:that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。

(三)某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别

1、当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别:①while引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时,或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用when代替,等于“at the time that”, “during the time that”。例如:Please

keep quiet while (when) others are studying;②when除可指一段时间外,还可用来指一点时间,等于“at the time”,也就是说when引出的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是终止性的,也可以延续性的。因此主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时,进行时,或完成时。例如:When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment.(when不能换成while)He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English.(when可换成while)③as常可与when,while通用,但强调“一边、一边”。例如:As (when, while) I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of number 37. ④when引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致,主、谓是“主语+系动词”结构时,这时主语和系动词可以省略。例如:When (he was) young, he worked for a rich man./ She’ll be here to give you help when (if it is) necessary. ⑤when有时代替if,引导条件句,意为“如果”、“假如”,例如:I’ll come when (if) I’m free.

2、before作连词一般表示时间,意为“在…之前”,但有些句子中这样译就显得别扭。试看以下句子的翻译:He almost knocked me down before he saw me.他几乎把我撞倒才看见我;Before I could get in a word he had measured me.我还没来得及插话,他已经给我量好了尺寸。

3、till, until作为介词式从属连词引导时间状语短语或状语从句,用于否定句时,结构为not …until (till),主句谓语动词延续与非延续皆可,意为“直到…才…”。用于肯定句时,只与延续性动词连用,表示“到…为止”。例如:They played volleyball until (till) it got dark./ The y didn’t talk(延续性动词)until (till) the interpreter(译员)came./ He didn’t go to bed(非延续性动词)until (till) the his father came back.;until可以放在句首,till则不行,例如:Until the last minute of the match we kept on playing./ Not until he finished his work did he go home.(倒装);till, until 只用于时间,以下句子是错误的:We walked till the edge of the forest.(要用as far as或to)。

4、because, since, as引导原因状语时注意使用上的区别:①如果原因构成句子的最主要部分,一般用because ,因此because引导的从句往往放在句末。用why 提问的句子,一定用because回答。例如:He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.;②如原因已为人们所知,或不如句子的其他部分重要,就用as,或since。since比as更正式些。as和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如:As you are tired, you had better rest./ Since everyone is here, now let’s begin.

5、although和though引导让步状语从句往往用法一样,但注意以下区别:

①although用于各种文体,而though则多用于非正式的口语或书面语中。注意由although, though引导的从句后,主句不能用but,但可用副词yet, still。例如:Although/ Though it rained all the morning, they still went on working.(或yet they went on working)②though常与even连用,even though表示强调,意为“即使”,但不能说even although,例如:Even though I didn’t understand a word, I dept

smiling. ③though可用作副词,意为“然而”,常用逗号与句子分开。although 则不能这样使用,它只作连词。例如:It was a quiet party, I had a good time, though.

6、once作副词译“曾经”,作为连词译“一旦”,引导条件状语从句。相当于if的加强形式。例如:I don’t believe he was once a thief. (once这里是副词)/ Once Aristotle had made up his mind that heavy objects always fell faster than light objects, he taught it as a truth to his students. (once连词)

7、unless引导条件状语从句等于if … not …。例如:He’ll accept the job unless the salary is too low. ( = He’ll accept the job if the salary is not too low.)

8、在用as if引导的方式状语从句及表语从句中,根据情况要使用虚拟语气。例如:He talks as if he knew all about it. 但有时也可用直陈语气。例如:It looks as if it is going to rain.

9、whether, if引导从句的用法区别:①引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时,用whether,不用if。例如:Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known./ The question is whether we can finish the task on time./ The question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided. ②whether可

接不定式,而if则不可。例如:I haven’t decided whether to leave or not. ③whether 可作介词的宾语或置于句首表示强调,而if则不可。例如:Everything depends on whether we have enough money./ Whether he will come, I am not sure. ④whether和if均可引导宾语从句,whether引导的宾语从句一般都是肯定句,if引导的宾语从句可以是肯定的,也可以是否定的(此时不能用whether),例如:Could you tell us whether/ if it rains in winter in Australia?/ I wonder if it doesn’t rain. ⑤引导

宾语从句的whether和if常可与or not连用。连用时要注意or not的位置,它一般与whether、if分开使用,有时它可与whether合起来使用,但不能与if合起来使用。例如:I don’t know whether/ if they will come or not./ I don’t know whether or not they will come.⑥if可用来引导条件状语从句,译“如果”,whether则不行。例如:If you work hard, you are sure to succeed.

10、as作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。①as引导时间状语从句,意为“当…时”。例如:As (he was) a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked. ②as引导方式状语从句,意为“象…一样”。例如:We must do as the Party teaches us.③as引导原因状语从句。意为“由于”,例如:As you are tired, you had better rest.④as引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然”、“尽管”Child as he is, he can do it well. ( = Although he is a child, he can do it well.) 另外,as做为关系代词还可以引导定语从句,如:I have the same book as you.

一、连词的定义

连词是虚词中的一种,它不能在句子里独立地担任句子成分,而只能起连接作用,连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子。

例1 Would you like some tea or coffee? (连接词与词)您是喝茶,还是喝咖啡?

例2 Do we have our meeting in the morning or in the afternoon?(连接短语与短

语)我们是上午开会,还是下午开会?

例3 Do it carefully, or you’ll make some mistake.(连接句子与句子)认真地干,不然会出差错的。

二、连词的分类:并列连词和从属连词

(一)并列连词

并列连词用来连接平行对等(即互不从属)的词、词组或分句。按照并列连词在句子中的作用可分为:并列关系,转折关系,选择关系,因果关系。

并列关系的连词有:and, both…and, not only…but also, as well as, and…as well, not…nor, neither…nor等。

1. and的基本用法是表示并列和对称关系。

例4 He sang and played the guitar. 他一边唱歌一边弹吉他。

(1)两个对等的宾语或状语之间,在肯定句中用and,但在否定句中,不用and,一般用or或nor。

例5 Our college is not in Beijing or Shanghai. 我们的学院既不在北京也不在上海。

(2)当一个句子中出现了两个否定词时,应该用and连接并列成分。这时and表示的也是全部否定。

例6 He did not talk loudly and also not clearly. 他说话声音不大,也不清晰。

(3)and用来连接条件分句和结果分句,意思是“……,那么……”。当两个并列成分本身都是否定时,也要用and连接,and在这种情况下,仍然表示全部否定。

(4)在come, go, run, hurry up, stay, stop等动词后,and能用来代替省略to不定式引导的目的状语。

例7 Would you go and tell the children to shut up? 你能告诉孩子们别再说话了吗?

注:有时and后可用第三人称单数或过去式。

例8 He went and had a drink with us yesterday. 昨天他来了,和我们喝了点酒。

用在try, wait等后,也有类似的用法,但只能用它们的原形。

例9 Try and get some water. 尽量拿点水来。

(5)祈使句+ and 表示条件。

例10 Let’s give him some help, and he will be able to improve in his studies. 咱们帮帮他,他一定会提高他的学习成绩。

(6)and that ( or those)…,……而且…… 其作用是补充前面所说的话,以达到强调的目的。用来代表前一分句的全部或一部分。

例11 He speaks English, and that very well. 他会说英语,而且说的很好。

(7)at once… and … 既……又……

例12 The novel is at once interesting and instructive. 那部小说既有趣,又有教育意义。

2. both …and连接两个平等的成分,避免用两个以上的平等的成分。

例13 A man should have both courage and perseverance. 一个人应该既有勇气又有毅力。

3. not only… but also…有时but或also可省略,not only位于句首要倒装。

例14 He is not only handsome but also clever. 他不仅英俊潇洒,而且聪明。

4. as well as相当于连词,其意为in addition to ,and also,besides等。as well as 的侧重点在前,强调语气较强。连接两个名词时,谓语动词要与第一个名词相一致。

例15 He as well as I agrees with you. 他和我一样都同意你的观点。

例16 His parents as well as he are very kind to me. 他的父母和他都对我很好。

5. neither…nor… 它们可单独使用,位于句首时要倒装。

例17 Gases have neither definite size nor shape of their own. 气体既没有大小,也没有形状。

例18 I can neither speak nor write French. 我既不会说也不会写法语。

转折关系的连词有:but, however, nevertheless, yet, while, still, whereas, only 等。

1. but用作连词,意为但是、可是或然而,表示语义的转折。

例19 She was tired, but she still went on working.

她很累了,但她仍然继续努力工作。

2. However 用作连接副词,相当于no matter how,引导让步状语从句,意思是“不管怎样……”“无论如何……”,具体结构有以下两种:

(1)however+形容词+主语+系动词

例20 However rich people are,they always seem anxious to take more money.无论人们有多富裕,他们似乎总是渴望挣到更多的钱。

(2)however+副词+主语+谓语

例21 However fast he runs,he can’t catch up with us.无论他跑得多快也不能赶上我们。

3. nevertheless 然而,不过

例22 He is charming; nevertheless, I don’t quite trust him. 他很有魅力,然而我不太相信他。

4. yet 用作转折连词时,意思是“然而、可是”。

例23 She has her weakness, yet that does not mean she is not qualified for the job. 她有她的缺点,然而那并不意味着她不胜任这项工作。5. while意为“而,然而”,表示转折。

例24 He went out, while I stayed at home. 他出去了,而我呆在家里。

6. still强调过去发生的事情及存在的状况目前还在延续。

例25 We have made some achievements, still we should be modest and prudent. 我们取得了一些成绩,但我们仍须谦虚谨慎。

7. whereas意为“而,然而”连接两个对等的句子。

例26 He is ill, whereas I am a little tired. 他病了,而我有些累了。

例27 You may go, only come back early. 你可以去,只是要早点回来。选择关系的连词有:either…or, whether…or, or, rather than…等。

1. either…or 作为选择连词,一般用来连接句子中的同等成分,如名词、动词、介词短语等。但有时也可见到前后不一致的情况。

例28 You may either stay here or go with us. 你可以留下来,也可以跟我们一起走。

2. whether…or作“是……还是……”解时,whether表示一种选择,其后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。

例29 Please tell us whether to go or stay. 请告诉我们是走还是留下来。

3. rather than连接两个并列的成分表示宁愿……,后面常用动词原形。

例30 I would rather read than watch television. 我宁愿读书而不愿看电视。

4. or 在并列结构中,or通常用于否定句。表示选择的并列结构中or意思为“否则”。

例31 Which would you rather do go walking or go to the movies? 你愿意去散步还是去看电影?

因果关系的连词有:so, for, therefore, accordingly, thus, hence, consequently等。

1. so表示“因此” “所以”,连接并列句,前一分句表示原因,后一分句表示结果。

例32 It was late, so we went home. 天晚了,所以我们就回家了。

例33 He was angry, so he could not speak. 他很生气,连话都说不出来了。

2. for为并列连词,连接两个并列的分句,表示附加的或推断的理由。

例34 I could not visit you, for I felt unwell yesterday. 我昨天感觉不舒服,因此没能拜访你。

3. therefore 因此,所以。

例35 He lost his health, and therefore his difficulties were increased. 他的身体垮了,因此他的困难比以前增加了。

4. hence 因此,从此,表示原因,理由。

例36 The town was built on the side of a hill; hence ( comes) the name Hillside. 这个小镇建在山边,于是命名为山边。

5. consequently 结果,从而,因此。

例37 It rained three days in succession, and consequently all the bridges were swept away. 一连下了三天雨,所有的桥都被冲走了。

(二)从属连词

从属连词是用来引导从句的,它在主句和从句中间起连接作用。具体地说,从属连词主要引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)和状语从句,不引导定语从句。

三、巩固检测

1. I can’t come back six o’clock perhaps. Don’t wait for me for supper.

A. after

B. if

C. until

D. when

2. Run quickly, you’ll catch up with others.

A. or

B. and

C. because

D. but

3.The dress was very expensive,______ I didn’t buy it.

A. or

B. and

C. so

D. but

4. Will you go to the cinema with meyou are free?

A. that

B. till

C. if

D. before

5. Study hard ______ you’re sure to have a good result in the exam.

A. but

B. and

C. for

D. or

6. I was reading a newspaper ______ he came in.

A. as soon as

B. since

C. while

D. when

7. My aunt has worked in the factory _________ she came here.

A. after

B. before

C. till

D. since

8. I didn’t begin to work _______ he came back.

A. unless

B. until

C. when

D. since

9. Hurry up,_______ you’ll be late for school.A. and B. but

C. so

D. or

10. The man is famous in New York ______ a dancer,_______ a singer.

A. not as; but also as

B. not only as; but also

C. not only as; but as

D. not only as; also as

11. He is a good teacher.He knows _______ his students are always thinking.

A. if

B. whether

C. that

D. what

12. Excuse me for breaking in,_____ I have some news for you.

A.so B.and

C.but D.yet

13. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _____ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.

A.which B.when

C.so that D.as if

14.Someone called me up in the middle of the night,buy they hung up ____I could answer the phone.

A.as B.since

C.until D.before

15.The WTO cannot live up to its name _____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.

A.as long as B.while

C.if D.even though

16.The changes in the city will cost quite a lot,_____ they will save us money in the long run.

A.or B.since

C.for D.but

17.John may phone tonight.I don’t want to go out _____ he phones.

A.as long as B.in order that

C.in case D.so that

18.---I’m going to the post office.

---_____ you’re there,can you get me some stamps?

A.As B.While

C.Because D.If

19._____ you’ve got a chance,you might as well make full use of it.

A.Now that B.After

C.Although D.As soon as

20.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

---Is that _____ you had a few days off?

A.why B.when

C.what D.where

【答案与解析】

1. 解析until引导时间状语从句常与not连用,意为“我大约直到6点才能回来”,故应为C。

2. 解析从句意理解,“快跑,你会赶上其他人。”表示并列连接,应为B。

3. 解析本题第一、二分句之间需要一个表示因果关系的并列连词来连接。故应为C。

4. 解析从句意理解“如果你有空,你能和我一起去看电影吗?”表示条件,故应为C。

5. 解析句子意思为“努力学习,(那么)你的考试就肯定回有好的成绩” 。这是一个并列句,根据所给的四个连词来分析,选项A的but所连接的句子有“转折”之意,选项C的for是表示原因的,选项D的or(否则)也是表示反面的结果。只有选项B的and表示“因此” “那么”(=as

a result of this)才是正确的。

6. 解析“我当时正在看报”可以判断出从句的行为动作发生时,主句的行为动作正在进行着。和从句的一般过去时“他进来”A项的as soon as(一……就)与B项的since(自从……以来)都不符合句意。C项的while和D项的when都有“当……的时候”,不过while引导的从句通常动词为延续性的(如:work)而when 引导的从句动词既可以是延续性的也可以是非延续性的。综上所述,D项为本题的答案。

7. 解析从属连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作,一直延续到现在,答案选D。

8. 解析该题考查从属连词until的用法。until意为“直到……为止”,表示时间上的转折点,在此以前发生的动作或状态,到了这个时刻,就立刻停止,转为另外的动作或状态,答案为B。

9. 解析该题包含的是一个选择关系的并列句,其句型是:“祈使句+or+陈述句”,前边的祈使句表示一个否定的条件。Hurry up,or you’ll be late for school=If you don’t hurry up,you’ll be late for school。该题正确答案为D。

10. 解析并列连词not only…but also… 中的also可以省略,但but不能省略。not only…but(also)…连接的前后两部分必须保持一致或对等,正确答案为C。

11. 解析该题考查引导宾语从句的连接词的用法,答案为D。连接代词what引导从句时,表示所做事情的内容,这句意为“这位老师知道他的学生总在想什么。”

12. 解析本题考查学生的情景交际用语知识。but在交际用语中,与“I’m sorry”及“Excuse me”等连用,表示委婉拒绝或道歉,故答案为C。

13. 解析根据从句中的“could”可以推断出“约翰把大家关在门外”的目的是:“他能够为晚会准备他的惊奇”。故答案为C。

14. 解析根据题意表示的转折关系,可知是没来得及接电话,before意为“没来得及……就”,故答案为D。

15. 解析要做好此题必须理解以下几个词语的意思:“live up to…”配得上……,“be home to…”……的家园,“one fifth of mankind”五分之一的人类。句意为:如果世界贸易组织不包括占世界人口五分之一的国家,它就不能够名副其实。as long as表示“仅有的条件”,while表示“同时或转折”,if表示“条件”,even though表示“让步”,因此答案为C。

16. 解析该题考查考生对并列连词but的用法和意义的掌握,分析题意可知前后句之间存在着转折关系,因此答案是D。

17. 解析由前句句意可知“我不想出去”的原因是因为他有可能打电话来,B和D均表示目的,不合题意;A项意为“只要”,也不合题意;而in case则表示“for fear that”,意为“以防,免得”,故答案为C。另外,in case还可以用在句尾,表示“以防万一”,

18. 解析根据题意可知是“正打算去邮局”,上下句所表示的逻辑关系是时间关系。as强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;while除可表示动作的同时性外还含有一个动作在另一个动作正在进行或持续进行的某一时刻发生。从题中提供的情景判断,从句强调的是在一个动作持续进行时,另一个动作发生。答案为B。

另外,while作并列连词,还可意为“但是,可是;然而”,表示转折或对比,

19. 解析本题句中的might as well可用于提出建议,now that表原因,含义为“because of the fact that”意为“既然”。答案为A。

20. 解析本题要根据语境和交际需要选择最佳答案。对话双方一位说上周驱车到珠海看航空表演,另一位问这是否是休假几天的原因,只有A项才符合交流情景。答案为A。

初中英语语法之连词练习题

连词 (一) 正误辨析 1、[误]Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. [正]Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. [析]在英语中both一般用于肯定句中,如用于否定句中,其意义也不同于汉语,如:Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。"而Neither of us is right。才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确"。 2、[误]He or his parents has some tickets for the film. [正]He or his parents have some tickets for the film. [析]由or 连接两主语时,谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。 3、[误]You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam. [正]You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam. [析]or作为连词,这里的意思为"否则"。又如:Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. 4、[误]Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others. [正]Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. [正]He is poor, but he is ready to help others. [析]"虽然……但是"是中文中的常用结构,但在英文中用了"虽然"则不要用"但是",用了"但是"则不能再用"虽然",二者只可用其一。 5、[误]Either you or I are on duty. [正]Either you or I am on duty. [析]either…or 连接两个主语时,其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应,这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or, neither…nor, not only…but also等。 6、[误]Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now. [正]Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now. [析]并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略,以免重复,但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时,后面的那个系动词不可省略,也就是讲连接的部分不可省略。 7、[误]My father likes swimming and to collect stamps. [正]My father likes swimming and collecting stamps. [析]由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词,如用不定式则都应用不定式,这是初学者要注意的一点。 8、[误]My father is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework. [正]My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework. [析]两个并列句中间不可用逗号连接,要用并列连词来连接。 9、[误]My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to drive. [正]My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive. [析]宾语从句的连接词只能有一个不能重复使用。 10、[误]We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai. [正]We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai. [析]用both…and…作连接词时,其相连接的部分结构也要相同。 11、[误]Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance. [正]Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance. [析]由not only…but also…连接两个主语时,其重点在其后面的那一个主语,所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。

英语连词用法详解

英语连词用法详解 一、单项选择连词 1.Owen wouldn’t eat anything ________ he cooked it himself. A.until B.since C.unless D.while 【答案】C 【解析】 句意:欧文不吃任何东西,除非这种东西是他自己亲自烹饪的。unless“除非”,符合语境。 2._______ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them. A.As B.Since C.Once D.While 【答案】D 【解析】While尽管,在本题中引导让步状语从句。尽管你的观点值得考虑,委员会发现过于重视它们是不明智的。 3.He was about to tell me the secret __ _____ someone patted him on the shoulder. A.as B.until C.while D.when 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意:她正要告诉我这个秘密,这时有人拍了一下她的肩膀。beabouttodo...when...是固定句型,意为“正要做……这时……”。 考点:考查连词。 【名师点睛】 用when引导时间状语从句的句型结构搭配 beabouttodosthwhen刚要,即将;正要做某事,突然发生其他事 bedoingsthwhen正在做某事突然 haddonesthwhen刚刚做过某事突然 beatthepointofdoingsthwhen就在做某事的关键时刻突然 scarcely...when/hardly...when几乎未来得及就…;刚一……就…… nosooner...than一……就…… 4.How long do you think it will be ________ the computer company brings out a new product? A.until B.when C.before D.that 【答案】C 【解析】分析句子,可知这是一个时间状语从句。根据句意,可知选C。 句意: 你认为在电脑公司发布一种新的产品之前,还需要经过多长的时间呢?

英语语法大全 连词

英语语法大全:连词 连词(Conjuction—conj.) 定义用以连接句子中的单词、短语、从句,或连接句子和句子的词叫做连词。例如: and(和),but(但是),so(所以),or(或者),… that,because(因为),since(既然),… 连词的表达功能如下: (1)并列功能(“+”代表连词) (a)词+词 boys and girls(男生和女生) you and I(你和我) poor but happy(贫困的,但是快乐) (b)短语+短语 in the city and in the country.(在城市和在乡村) by bus or by train(乘公共汽车或乘火车) (c)从句+从句 例:He is not very bright but he studies hard. (他并不聪敏,但是他很用功。) 例:I didn't have breakfast this morning, so I am hungry now. (今天早晨我没吃早餐,所以我现在饿了。)解说表达并列功能的连词叫做并列连词(Coordinate Conjunction)。并列连词两端的词的词类必须相等。又如“词+短语/从句”或“短语+词/从句”等也都不成立。 (2)从属功能 请先了解什么叫做从句(Subordinate Clause.)

本身不能独立表达完整的意思而只在句子中作句子结构的一部分者叫做从句。用以连接从句使其在主句中发挥表达功能的词叫做从属连词(Subordinate Conjunction)。 as,when,since,that,who,which,what,… 例:I know that he is a very good student. (我知道他是一个很好的学生。—“that…”是名词从句作“know”的直接宾语。) 例:People who use free time well are usually healthy and happy. (善于利用空闲时间的人通常都是又健康又快乐。—“who…well”是形容词从句修饰其前面的名词“People”。) 例:Many people enjoy reading when they have free time. (许多人有空闲就喜爱阅读。—“when…time”是副词从句在修饰动词“enjoy”。)

连词的用法教案(一)(初中英语)

教学过程 一、复习预习 教师引导学生复习上节课所学的内容复习,(以提问、回顾的形式进行),针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑,并通过简单的句子导入本节课所要学习的连词。 连词含义:连词是一种虚词,它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。 二、知识讲解 知识点1:并列关系连词的用法 在句子中并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。常用的并列连词有:and,both…and,not only…but also,as well as,neither…nor等。 1. 【考查点】单个连词及固定搭配的用法。 如:They sat down and talked about something. 他们坐下来并且讨论一些事情。 She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 她不仅弹钢琴而且还弹吉他。 注意:not only… but also关联两个分句时,一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。 Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some. 他不仅喜欢读故事书,甚至能写一些。 2.【易错点】1) 并列结构中,or通常用于否定句,and用于肯定句。

2) 但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点: There is no air or water in the moon. 在月球上没有空气和水。 There is no air and no water on the moon. 在月球上没有空气没有水。 在否定中并列结构用or 连接,但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构,因此要用and。 知识点2:表示选择关系的连词 1.【考查点】选择关系的连词及固定搭配 or意思为"或则"。either…or意思为"或者……或者……"or else/ otherwise 否则 如:Which do you prefer, tea, coffee, or juice ? 你喜欢哪一个,茶,咖啡还是果汁? Either you or I am right. 你和我有一个是正确的。 Be silent, or else you will be kicked out. 保持沉默,否则你将会背开除。 I am tired, otherwise, I would play. 我很累,不然的话我就去玩了。 知识点3:表示转折或对比关系的连词 1.表示转折关系和对比关系的连词有but,while,yet,however等 2.【考查点】转折关系连词的用法 如:He is rich but unhappy. 他很富裕但不快乐。 Some people love cats, while others hate them. 有些人喜欢猫,而有些则讨厌他们。 She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time. 她说她将会迟到,然而他却准时到达了。 She does not like him, however, I like him. 她不喜欢他,但是我喜欢他。 They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being. 他们不是动物的骨头而是人类的。 注意:not 和but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。 2.【易错点】but和however的区别。However后有逗号,but没有。 知识点4:表示因果关系的连词 1.【考查点】for因为,做并列连词使用时,是在对先行的句子补述原因或者理由, 以连接句子与句子,通常不置于句首。so, therefore 因此,then那么,因而。 如:He is absent today, for he is ill. 他今天缺席了因为他生病了。 He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game. 他的腿受伤了,因此不能参加这个游戏。 知识点5:谓语动词单复数的判断 1.【考查点】句子有as well as,neither…or等连词时注意谓语动词的单复数。

英语语法连词

连词的定义: 连词是连接字、短语、从句与句子的词,是虚词,因此它不能独立担任句子成分。连词主要分为两大类:并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、词组或分句。它包括:and,or,but,so,for,both…and,either…or,neither…nor,not only…but also。 从属连词用来引导从句,它包括:that,when,till,until,after,before,since,because,if,whether,though,although,so…that,so that,in order that,as soon as 并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词,短语或句子。常见的并列连词有: (1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。 (2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。 (3)表转折关系的but, while等。 (4)表因果关系的for, so等。 1并列连词 1 and:和,并且 I like basketball,football and table-tennis. 我喜欢篮球、足球和乒乓球。 1.基本用法 and表示“和”、“而且”的意思,用来连接对等关系的字和字,片语与片语,句子与句子。He got up and put on his hat. 他站起来,戴上了帽子。 I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Bei Hai Park. 我去颐和园,他去北海公园。 注意 单词或词组如果是三个以上连接,一般在最后的单词或词组前加and。另外“and”在译成中文时不一定要翻译出“和”来。 2.特别用法:and在祈使句中的作用 句型:祈使句,and…=If you…,you'll… Use your head,and you'll find a way. 动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。 =If you use your head,you'll find a way. 如果你动动脑子,你就会想出办法。 Hurry up,and you'll catch the bus. 快点,你就会赶上公共汽车。 =If you hurry up,you'll catch the bus. 如果你快点,你就会赶上公共汽车。 2 or:或,或者,否则 Is Li Ming from Beijing or from Shanghai. 李明是北京人还是上海人呢? 1.基本用法 or表示“~或”的意思,使用于两者之中选择一个的时候。 Would you like coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶? Tom or I am right.我或者汤姆是对的。 Li Ming or his classmates are cleaning the room. 李明或者是他的同班同学在打扫房间。

英语连词用法总结(完整)

英语连词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择连词 1.Read this story, you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. A.or B.and C.but D.so 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:考查并列句。句意看看这个故事,你就会明白不是所有的东西都可以用钱买到的。“祈使句 + and/or +陈述句”是一个固定句式,根据句意,选B 考点 : 考查并列句。 2.——Have you got the results of the final exam? ——Not yet. I'm afraid it will be a few days we know the final results. A.before B.after C.until D.when 【答案】A 【解析】考查连词的用法。根据句意:你知道期末考试的结果了吗?还不知道呢,恐怕再过一些天我们才知道最终的结果。before …才…,after …之后,until直到,when当什么时候,故选A。 3.We shouldn’t think the question of ________ they are poor or rich is important. A.what B.whether C.why D.how 【答案】B 【解析】考查考查名词性从句。句意“我们不应该把他们是穷人还是富人看得太重要。”whether常与or/or not连用,意为“是否......”。故选B。 4.— How can I wake up so early? — Set the ala rm at 5 o’clock,you’ll make it. A.but B.or C.and D.so 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:考查情景交际和并列连词。句意:--我怎样才能醒的很早?--把闹钟定到5点,这样,你就能做到了。答语前后是并列关系,祈使句+and表示条件,相当于if条件句。or 表示相反的情况,故选C。 考点:考查情景交际和并列连词 5.He was about to tell me the secret __ _____ someone patted him on the shoulder. A.as B.until C.while D.when

高中英语语法连词

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