英语四级题型之复合式听写应试技巧
英语四级题型
之
复合式听写应试技巧
听力是英语学习者应该掌握的基本技能中相对较难的一项，四级听力考试让很多考生感到十分吃力，复合式听写甚至成为一些同学通过四级考试的拦路虎。因此，如何提高复合式听写的得分成为广大四级考生十分关心的问题。复合式听写不仅要求考生要有很好的听考试大
听力是英语学习者应该掌握的基本技能中相对较难的一项，四级听力考试让很多考生感到十分吃力，复合式听写甚至成为一些同学通过四级考试的拦路虎。因此，如何提高复合式听写的得分成为广大四级考生十分关心的问题。
复合式听写不仅要求考生要有很好的听考试&大力基础，还要求考生具备拼写能力、速记能力和书面表达能力。与听力选择题相比，复合式听写更强调语言的综合应用能力。在此，我将结合自己的教学经验与大家谈谈复合式听写的应试技巧。
一、预测
从考试试卷发下来到开始放录音的间隙以及播放考试指令的时间都可以用来浏览试卷，捕捉卷面文字信息，预测将要听到的内容。通过预测我们可以判断文章谈论的话题、文章的主旨大意及脉络走向，同时我们也能判断可能出现的单词的范围和词性等。
1. 关于文章主旨大意的预测
比如07年6月份的试题，文章的首句“Students’pressure sometimes comes from their parents.”开门见山，点明文章将要讨论的问题是学生的压力可能来自他们的父母，这是关于亲子关系方面的话题。作为听者，我们应迅速判断出话题的方向，然后根据自己的知识储备，从记忆库里调出平时积累的相关信息，激活有关这一话题的思维,做出相应的预测。
2. 关于文章细节的预测
复合式听写是以短文的形式出现的。文章都有严密的逻辑关系和紧密的上下文结构，所以我们在听前可以利用卷面内容，根据文章的逻辑关系和上下文之间的结构，推测出文章中要求填写的单词、短语或句子。
例如：06年12月考题。
“All languages have two general levels of (37) ________: a formal level and an informal level. English is no (38) ________. ”其中38题即使我们没有听到录音也大概能判断此处应该填exception或difference之类的词。这样一来，就可将即将听到的内容的范围缩小到几个词，能够大大提高对听力内容的把握。
由此可见，听前的有效预测可将听力过程转变为验证自己推测是否正确的过程，从而大大降低听力的难度，减轻我们的心理负担，提高得分。
二、会听，善记
在听音过程中，考生要保持精力高度集中，做到心无杂念，但是也不可太过于紧张和焦虑，否则会影响对所听内容的理解。在第一遍朗读过程中，考生要本着听为主、记为辅的原则，结合听前所做的预测，注重把握全文的大意。对于十分明显的答案，可以做一下标记。这样做可以为第二遍以记为主的过程打下良好的基础，起到启发、点拨的作用，进一步降低了听力的难度，减轻了第二遍记笔记的任务，同时也能帮助考生放松紧张的心情。
此外，记笔记的过程也非常关键。在有限的时间考试&大里将所有的内容都记下是根本不可能的，我们可以利用一些速记的方法，比如使用单词的前两个或前三个字母来代替整个单词。以“natural”为例，我们就可以用“nat”来代替它，同时也可以用前两个字母和末尾两个字母来代替一个单词，那么我们还可将其记为“na-al”。当然，不同的人有不同的方法，同一方法未必适合所有的人，大家在备考过程中要注意总结，找到适合自己的方法，并不断地练习，使其逐渐成为自己速记的习惯，这样在考试中会提高速记的效率。
三、核对
复合式听写第三遍朗读是供考生进行核对的，这一环节也十分重要，需要我们充分利用，从而帮助我们查漏补缺，完善答案，避免不必要的丢分。比如有关名词的单复数问题（这也是复合式听写考查的一个重点）不仅考查考生的听力，同时考查考生的语法应用能力，该考点往往使一些考生因为单词形式错误而丢分，仔细检查就可以解决这一问题。
例如：06年12月份考题。
“You would also use formal English in compositions and (41) ________
that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with (42) ________, family members and friends, and when we write (43) ________ notes or letters to close friends.”其中41题的答案是“essays”，为复数形式。根据“com-positions and”我们就可以推断出这里需要的可数名词essay 一定为复数形式。同样42题“colleagues”也可以通过这样的方法推测出来。如果我们在听的过程中没有听得太清楚，那么检查的过程则可以帮助我们对这些问题进行补救。还有关于动词形式的问题，是用现在分词还是过去分词，考生在听到该单词后还应注意它的正确形式，否则丢分丢得很冤枉。
例如：07年6月份考题。
“Most parents are well (36) ________, but some of them aren’t very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in (37) ________ to college, and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their children’s difficulties.”
其中37题，根据前文“in”这一介词我们可以推断出这里要填的是“adjust”的动名词形式。还有此套试题的第41题“(41) ________ to seeing A’s and B’s on high school report cards, they may be upset when their children’s first ...”在听的过程中，由于连读、吞音，我们可能听不到或听不清“accustomed ”末尾的/d/ 音，但在核对的过程中，根据整个句子的结构，我们可以确定这里需要的是一个过去分词，由此可见核对的过程是必不可少的。希望以考试&大上提到的一些应试技巧能对大家起到抛砖引玉的作用。听写是一种综合性的测试，大家在备考过程中要多加练习，注意积累经验，同时也要注意以此来带动我们的英语学习
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