牛津英语高一模块一语言知识点
牛津高中英语模块一语言点
Unit 1 School life
Reading
1.be happy with / be satisfied with: 对……满意Are you happy with you present situation?
2. The school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3:30 p.m.. 学校上午大约9点上课，下午3:30结束。
3. earn sb sth: 为某人赢得……make / earn a living: 谋生
①His honesty earned him much respect.
② It is wrong to earn a living by gambling. 靠赌博为生是错误的。
4. respect
(1) n. ①尊重，尊敬have respect for sth: 尊重…… treat sb with respect: 尊重……
Old people should be treated with more respect.
②重视，考虑show respect for sth: 考虑……
You should show respect for others’ feelings when communicating with others.
③方面in all respects: 在各方面with respect to sth: 就……而言，关于
⑵vt.尊敬，重视，考虑，遵守respect the law / your proposal
5. average
(1) n. 平均数，平均水平on average: 平均来看above/below average: 高于∕低于平均水平
① These marks are well above average.
② We fail one student per year on average.
(2)adj.平均的；普通的，平常的average temperature. an average girl.
6. struggle: n. & vi.斗争，奋斗；挣扎；争夺
be a struggle for sb: 对……来说是困难的事
struggle to do sth: 努力做……
struggle against/against sb for sth: 为……与某人斗争
struggle to one’s feet: 挣扎着站起来
struggle on: 挣扎着坚持下去
①It was a real struggle for you to be on time.
②I’m struggling to finish the job you tell me to do.
③The leaders are struggling against each other for power.
④We have lost two of our best players, but we’re struggling on.
7. devote: vt.致力于，付出，献身
devote sth/oneself to sth: 致力于……；为……付出……He has devoted all his being to his career.
★★devoted: adj热爱的，忠实的，全心全意的
be devoted to sb/sth: 热爱／忠于……She is devoted to her motherland.
★★devotion：（1）n.( to sb/sth) 挚爱；献身，忠心 a mother’s devotion to her son.
（2）n.虔诚 a life of great devotion 信仰诚笃的一生
8. for free/free of charge: 免费I got this ticket for free from one who di dn’t want.
n. [U] ①快乐，乐趣②滑稽，幽默③有趣的人或事
多么快乐
玩得高兴
当笑话，取乐
① What fun we had!
② Have fun on such beautiful beach!
③I’m learning to cook just for fun.
④She is very lovely and full of fun. 她很活泼又很幽默。
⑤It’s not much fun going to a party alone. 独自一人去参加聚会没意思。
(2) adj.有趣的，愉快的 a fun night.
10. look back on/think back to: 回顾……
Looking back on those days, I still can’t figure out what went wrong.
11. with satisfaction: 满足地，满意地He accepted my offer with great satisfaction.
Grammar
1. graduate from sth: 从……毕业
2. after graduation: 毕业以后
3. develop an interest in sth / become interested in sth: 逐渐对……感兴趣
After graduation from university, he developed an interest in arts.
4. upon/on (doing) sth: 一……就……
Upon arrival, we started our work at once.
5. donate: vt.捐赠donate sth to sb
donation: n.[d?u?nei??n]捐赠，捐赠物Plenty of goods have been donated to the flood-stricken area.
……
……
……
……遗憾的是
① I regret that I can’t help.
② We regret to inform you that the sports meeting has been put off. 兹奉告运动会已被推迟，甚以为憾。
③ I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉，那个工作已经有人做了。
④ He regretted having lost such an important chance to study abroad.
⑤Much to my regret, I can’t accept your invitation.
Project
1. host: n.主人，东道主，主持人
vt.主办，主持host a program/ host the Olympic Games
◆◆hostess: [?h??st?s]n.女主人；（夜总会的）女招待；（电视或广播节目的）女主持人；（餐馆的）迎
宾女招待
vt.作东，请客
通过，批准
同意，赞成
赞成，同意，认可
同意……
① I approve of your trying to earn some money but please don’t neglect your studies.
② The auditors(审计员)approved the company’s accounts.
③ Have you given your approval to the trip plan?
3. charge
(1) v.①收费，要价charge sb + 钱+ for sth
How much do you charge me for mending shoes?
②指控charge sb with sth:指控某人……
She charged me with neglecting my duty. 她指控我玩忽职守。
③ 进攻，冲锋 charge (at) sb
We drew our sword and charged at the enemy.
④给……充电 charge the battery
(2)n.管理，负责；指控；电荷，电量；费用
由……负责
① He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away. 经理不在时，他负责这家商店。
②The department was badly organized until she took charge of it.
那个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。
③ These patients are in the charge of Dr Wilson.
4. more than:⑴多于；⑵比……多；⑶非常(=very)；⑷不只是
① More than 10 students have attended the assembly.
②I’m more happy to take you there in my car.
③The beauty of the West Lake is more than words can describe.
为……做准备
做准备(作状语)
① The army is making preparations for a full-scale invasion.
② We are doing all this in preparation for the coming exam.
6. inform sb of sth: 告知某人……keep sb informed of sth:使某人被告知∕让某人知道……
① I have been informed of the latest news.
②Keep me informed of what has happened.
Unit 2 Growing pains
Reading
1. than expected: 和预料的相比 She stayed two days more than expected.
2. can ’t wait to do sth: 迫不及待地做…… I could n’t wait to take photos when I saw the sea.
3. Eric runs in after it, followed by a dog, walking very slowly.
(1) 分词作状语，从句和主句的主语必须一致。
(2) followed by a dog 为过去分词作状语，表示伴随状态。相当于and he was followed by a dog.
(3) walking very slowly 为现在分词作状语，表示伴随状态。相当于and it walked very slowly.
4. be supposed to do sth: 应该做…… You are supposed to pay the bill by Friday.
5. mess: n . 脏，乱
adj. 脏乱的
杂乱无章；脏乱不堪
The previous chairman had left the company in a terrible mess.
6. doing (动作进行∕主动)
done (动作完成∕被动)
with + n + to do (将来)
adj / adv
介词短语 性质或特征
名词
(1) With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a
good knowledge of English.
管理∕负责……
(2) With all the money spent, Jack started looking for work.
(3) With so much work to do, I can’t spare a minute.
(4) Hearing the lion roaring, I felt frightened, with my face pale.
(5) With the exams over, the students returned to their own classroom.
(6) The river with grass and flowers on both sides runs through our campus.
(7) With a stick his only weapon, he fought the tiger.
7. There is a garbage can around which are pieces of garbage and waste paper.
around which为定语从句的地点状语，后面句子用倒装形式。
→表示方位的副词、名词短语、形容词短语、介词短语放在句首，而且主语是名词时，句子完全倒装。常见的方位副词有：here，there，out，in，down，away，off等。
常见的名词短语有：north，south，west，east等。
(1) Here comes the bus.
(2) Southeast of the village stands a tower.
(3) By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of MountQomolang ma,
_______appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which
B. on which
C. from which
D. above which
8. leave sb in charge of sth: 让某人负责……
Who will be left in charge of the department when I am away on business?
9. sink: (1) n.水池，洗涤槽
(2)v. (sank, sunk)
⑴vt.使下沉；挖，掘；使受挫
◆◆be sunk in sth: 陷入（某种情绪）…..
① Three ships were sunk that night by enemy torpedoes. 那天夜里三艘船被敌人鱼雷击沉。
②sink a well: 挖井
③ She just sat there, sunk in thought / gloom(忧愁)/ misery(痛苦)。
⑵vi.下沉，沉没；下陷，（日、月）落下；降低，衰退
◆◆one’s heart s ink: 感到失望
◆◆sink into sth: 陷入……；渐渐……
①Wood won’t sink in water.
② The foundations (地基) sank two feet after the flood.
③ The sun sank slowly behind the hills.
④ When I saw the pile of dirty dishes, my heart sank.
⑤Now China has sunk into great economic recession.
10. tolerate: vt.容忍，忍受，宽容
tolerance:[?t?l?r?ns]n.容忍，忍受，宽容，耐受力
tolerant:[?t?l?r?nt]adj.容忍的，忍受的，宽容的
be tolerant of / towards sth: 容忍……；对……宽容
① a government which refuses to tolerate opposition.不容有人反对的政府。
②racial tolerance：种族上的宽容
③ Her own mistakes made her tolerant of the faults of others.她因自己有错误，对别人的错误就不计较了。
11. defend: vt.防御，保护；辩解
defend oneself: 自卫；自我辩解
defend sb against / from sth: 保卫……免于……；就……为……辩解
① When the dog attacked me, I defended myself with a stick.
②The newspaper defended her against the accusations.报纸为她辩护，驳斥对她的指责。
12. deserve sth / to do sth: 值得∕应得∕应受……
deserve punishment / to be punished
13. that is why……: 那就是为什么……
That is why I came late.
14. be hard on sb: 对……严厉；对……苛刻
Well, you're too close to the project. Don't be hard on yourself. 当局者迷、旁观者清，别自责了。
15. be rude to sb: 对……粗鲁
He was punished because he was rude to his parents.
16. feel like doing sth: 想要做……
feel like that: 觉得好像……
①I don’t feel like walking alone today.
② He felt like he had never been to such a place.
word power
1. a piece of cake: 小菜一碟，容易的事
After climbing mountains in the Swiss Alps, going up English hills is a piece of cake.
爬过了瑞士的阿尔卑斯山后，爬英国的小山简直是小菜一碟。
2. a wet blanket: 扫兴的人或物
The weatherman threw a wet blanket on our picnic plan when he forecast rain.
气象员报有雨，给我们的野餐计划泼了冷水。
3. be all ears: 认真听，侧耳聆听
A detective must be all eyes and all ears. 一个侦探必须眼观六路，耳听八方。
4. pull one’s leg: 开玩笑
Michael and Derek are good friends, but they like to pull each other's leg sometimes.
麦克尔和德里克是好朋友, 但有的时候喜欢开对方的玩笑.
5. have green fingers: 有园艺技能
I never havegreenfingers. 我向来不擅长种花草.
6. top dog: 当权派，头儿；优胜者
He always wanted to be the one in control, the top dog.
他总是想成为可以控制一切的人，即长官大权的人。
7. give sb the cold shoulder: 冷淡对待某人
He gave his wife the cold shoulder when she visited him.
8. rain cats and dogs: 下倾盆大雨
In the middle of the picnic It started to rain cats and dogs,and everybody got soaked.
野餐进行中，突然大雨倾盆，每个人身上都湿透了。
9. be one’s cup of tea: 感兴趣∕喜爱的东西
Working overtime everyday is not my cup of tea. 我可不喜欢每天加班。
task
1. handle: n.柄，把手；把柄
Vt.处理，管理；操作；经营
① please fix a handle to my case.
② His careless gave his enemies a handle to use against him.他的粗心给敌人以反对他的把柄。
③ An officer must know how to handle his men.
④They don’t handle imported goods.
2. for nothing: 免费；徒劳，无结果
① Children under 5 can travel for nothing.
② All that preparation was for nothing because the visit was cancelled.
3. error: n.错误
犯错
反复试验
You will find out by trial and error which flowers grow best.
4. mix sth up: 混淆……；混合∕搀和……
mix up sth with sth: 把……与……混淆
① The chemist mixed up some medicines for me.
② I always mix him up with his brother. They look so much alike.
5. insist: v.(1) 坚持说，坚持认为(2) 坚持要求（should do）
insist that: 坚持说∕坚持要求……
insist on (doing) sth: 坚持（做）……
① She insisted that he was innocent.(=She insisted on his innocence.)
②I insist that you take action to put this right.(= I insist on your taking action to put this right.)
我坚决要求你采取行动把事情处理好。
6. allow sb sth: 允许某人……
We won’t allow you much time of pleasure in such a case.
7. harm: vt. & n. 伤害，损害
伤害∕损害……
无意伤害
弊大于利
① Modern farming methods have done considerable harm to the countryside.
② He does not mean any harm. He is joking.
③Criticizing people’s work often does more harm than good.
8.as for sth: 就……而言
As for salary, I leave it to you.关于薪水，请您定夺。
9. depend on sth: 确信，坚信；依靠；取决于
depend on it that: 确信∕坚信……
① You can never depend on his arriving on time. 你决不可指望他会准时来。
②We can depend on it that Tom won’t give up.
③ Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.
④ How much is produced depends on how hard we work.
10. normal: adj.正常的，正规的
n. 正常，常态，标准
恢复正常
① Train services were back to normal again after the strike.
② The rainfall has been below normal this time of year.
11.grow out of sth: (1) 长得高大而不能穿…… (2) 年龄增长不再做…… (3) 由……产生
① grow o ut of one’s clothes
②grow out of children’s games
③ My interest in arts grew out of the time I spent during the war.
12. grow into sth: (1) 渐渐成为或变得(2) 长得大以适合（衣服）(3) 变得习惯于
① She is growing into a beautiful young woman.
② The coat is too big for him now, but he will grow into it.
③ She is a good actress, but still needs time to grow into the part she is playing.
13. keep up with sth: 跟上；知悉
It is hard to keep up with the changes in computer technology.
14. be annoyed with sb about / at sth: 因为……而生某人的气
He was very annoyed with me about my carelessness.
15. shame on you: 你应该感到羞耻；真丢人
How could you treat her so badly? Shame on you.
vt.禁止
①Women in the Middle-east are forbidden from going out without a veil(面纱).
②He forbade smoking during office hours.
project
1. go through: vt. (1) 穿过，通过(2) 浏览(3) 经历(4) 仔细检查
① go through the forest
② go through the files
③She’s gone through a bad patch recently.她最后经历了一段苦难时期。
2. day by day: 一天天地，渐渐地，慢慢地（强调过程）
day after day: 日复一日，天天（强调反复）
① Her health was improving day by day.
②I can’t tolerate sitting at a desk day after day, doing nothing.
3. be out of control: 失控
be in control of sth: 管理、控制……
① Inflation has been out of control.
② Who is in control of the project?
4. think of sb as sth: 认为……是……
We do think of this plan as a realistic way to solve the problem.
5. tend: vi.往往，趋于，倾向于
Vt.照顾
趋于∕倾向于∕往往……
趋于，倾向于……
①Sally tends to interfere with other’s privacy.
② He tends towards extreme views.
③ nurses tending the injured.
6. in this regard: 在这一点上
7. limit: n.限制；界限，极限
Vt.限制
limit sth to sth: 把……限制于……中
be limited to sth: 局限于……
there is a limit to sth: ……是有限的
set a limit to sth: 为……设限
within limit: 适度地
without limit: 无限地
◆◆limited: adj.有限的
禁止某人做……
① Our topic day is limited to wars.
② There is no limit to what you can do if you try.
③ The company set a limit to the output of the products.
④ I am willing to help within limit.
⑤ time limit / speed limit. 8. fit in sth: 适应…… fit in society.
9. trade sth for sth: 以……换……I will trade my stamp collection for your model ship.
Unit 3looking good, feeling good
Reading
(身体上)感到舒适∕身体好
① It makes me feel good to know you like me.
② Are you feeling well now?
feel good about oneself: 自我感觉愉快。
渴望∕急于……① Jane is dying to lose much weight to keep a slim figure. ……② We are dying for more freedom of entertainment now.
①work out a math problem.
②work out a puzzle.
③The general worked out a new plan of attack.
(2) vi.结果∕进展；锻炼
① Things worked out quite well.
② I work out regularly to keep fit.
be ashamed to do sth: 耻于∕羞于做……
①I was ashamed of having been lied to him.
② Barry(巴里) was ashamed that he had lost his temper.
③ I am ashamed to say I haven ’t been to the church for 3 years.
5. take weight-loss pills: 服用减肥药gain weight / put on weight: 发胖 lose weight: 减肥
6. recover: (1) vt. 找回，重新获得，恢复
recover sth from sth: 从……找回∕重新获得……
① recover stolen things from the clues.
② recover senses / consciousness: 恢复知觉
(2) vi. 恢复
recover from sth: 从……中恢复过来
My boss has just recovered from heart attack.
……的建议 take / adopt one’s advice: 采纳……的建议
因为……而难堪∕尴尬
[C] 令人为难的∕难堪的人或事
① He was embarrassed about my hairstyle.
②Jane suffered much embarrassment in his youth.
对……感到羞愧∕羞耻
③We came across a lot of financial embarrassments in the economic development.
9.as sb be: 按照某人……的样子Please put the book back on the shelf as it was.
10. damage: (1) n.① [U]损害，伤害②损害赔偿金[C]
(2) vt.损害，伤害
do / cause damage to sth (= damage sth): 损害，伤害.…..
① The typhoon did a lot of damage to the crops.
② The court awarded 5,000 dollars in damages to the injured.
11. figure: (1) n.①数字②金额，价格③体形④人物；肖像⑤图表
① He has an income of 6 figures.
② We bought the house at a low figure.
③ I am dieting to keep a slim figure.
④The central figure in the painting is the artist’s daughter.
⑤ The figure on Page 22 shows a political map of Africa.
(2) vt.计算；认为
vi.是重要部分；（以重要地位）出现
figure sth out: 理解；计算出
①I can’t figure out why he quit his job.
② Have you figured out how much the holiday cost?
③ She figured greatly in the public debate on the issue. 她在该问题的公开辩论中非常突出。
word power
②不健康
① You will never be in shape until you eat less and take more exercise.
② The children have been playing with my hat—they’ve knocked it out shape.
孩子们一直玩着我的帽子——把它弄得不成样子。
③ Take exercise if you are out of shape.
2. on one’s o wn: 独自地；独力地，单独地
① She lives on her own.
② Although her father is in the firm, she got the job on her own.
Grammar and Usage
fall out: vi.脱落
Her hair is falling out because of too much worry.
task
1. make the most of sth / make full use of sth: 充分利用……
(1) Every possible ______ advanced technology.
A. should be made of
B. should be made use
C. use should be made of
D. should make use of
(2) It’s connected with the use it makes ______ the fat stored in its body.
A. with
B. of
C. at
D. by
2. offer: n.提议，建议That’s a very kind offer: 真是帮了大忙了
---If you like, I can do some shopping for you.
---That’s a very kind ______. (2006浙江)
A. offer
B. service
C. point
D. suggestion
五、Project
1. in the long term / run: 从长期看
in the short term / run: 从短期看
We must aim for world peace in the long term. 我们必须争取更持久的世界和平。
2. （百）分数+ of + n: 百分之∕几分之…… (作主语时，谓语动词根据名词形式变化)
75 of the students are going to camping out.
Two thirds of the time has been wasted.
3. skip: vt. & vi.(skipped; skipping) 跳过，略过；不做……；蹦跳着走
skip sth: 跳过，略过；不做……
skip (out of) sth: 悄悄离开……
skipping-rope: 跳绳
① Skip the first chapter and start on Page 21.
② skip a lecture / a class: 未参加讲座∕旷课
③ The lambs are skipping about in the field.
④ The official skipped the country with the stolen money.
4. count: vt.清点；把……计算在内；认为
vi.数数；有价值，很重要
认为……是……
①Don’t forget to count your change.
② There are 5 people in my family, counting my parents.
③ She can count from 1 to 100.
④We count her as our best friend.
⑤ His opinion counts because of his experience.
⑥Don’t count on a salary increase this year.
5. so / as + 助+ 主语：……也一样
John is very energetic, so is Tom.
The twin has won the final competition, so / as have I.
6. concentrate: vt. & vi.集中；全神贯注
集中……于……
……；专心于……
① Concentrate your attention on your study.
②I can’t concentrate on my exam with the noise going on.
③ Birds like to concentrate in places where food is rich.
7. a large / good amount of + n[U]: 大量的
A large amount of time has been spent on this matter.
立刻
At no time will we abandon the good opportunity.
9. at all:
⑴用于疑问句，意为：到底、究竟、难道不。如：
Are you at all worried about it? 你难道对此不担心吗?
Have you read any of the report at all? 那份报告你到底有没有读一点?
⑵用于条件句(用来加强if的语气)，意为：假若、既然、即使、反正。如：
If you do it at all, do it well. 既然要做，就把它做好。
⑶用于肯定句(较少见)，意为：不管怎样、竟然。如：
I was surprised at his coming at all. 我很奇怪，他竟然来了。
10. not at all:
⑴根本不、一点也不
① It wasn’t difficult at all. 这一点也不难。
② There was nothing to eat at all. 根本没什么可吃的。
⑵不用谢；没关系（回答感谢或道歉）
① A：Thank you very much. 多谢你了。
B：Not at all. 不客气。
② A：I’m sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。
B：Oh, not at all. 噢，没关系。