牛津译林模块五 Unit 2重点句型及语法学案-最新教育文档
一、重点句型梳理
词汇-1. I have to pick up rubbish where I am going to sit... 我不得不捡起在我要做的地方的垃圾。（P29）
pick up
（1）捡起/ 拿起（某物）；扶起（某人）；跌倒后（自己）站起来
To his credit, he formed the habit of picking up waste paper in public places.
值得表扬的是，他养成了在公共场所捡废纸的习惯。
（2）（在无线电中）收听，接收
It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programme.
必须有一台短波收音机才能收听到这些节目。
（3）（用车）接（既可以是到某处去接某人或载货，也可以是中途顺便带走）
I’m willing to pick you up at your apartment if possible.
如果可能的话，我愿意开车去你的公寓接你。
（4）加快（速度）
The wild horses picked up speed, so the hunters couldn’t catch up with them.
那些野马加快了速度，因此猎人们追不上它们了。
（5）恢复精神/ 健康，（生意）好转，恢复
It is clear that the injured are beginning to pick up now.
很明显，现在这些伤员开始恢复健康。
（6）（偶然）习得，学会
The businessman made the acquaintance of a young waiter and picked up a few words of Greek when he was there last year.
去年，这名企业家在希腊的时候结识了一名年轻的服务员，并学会了几个希腊单词。
词汇-2. impress v. 使钦佩，使敬仰，使印象深刻，使铭记
【教材原句】When I heard what you said about the environment and the economy needing
to work together more, I was very impressed.
当我听你说到环境和经济需要更加协调时，我印象非常深刻。
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）In the debate, the girl impressed us with her sense of humor. ________________________
（2）We were most impressed with your committed attitude towards adolescents world wide. _____________________
（3）Father impressed on me the value of hard work. ________________________
1.那个女孩的幽默感给我们留下了很深的印象；
2. 对你尽心尽力的态度留下了深刻的印象；
3. 父亲向我强调努力工作的重要意义
【搭配】
impress sb. with = sb. be impressed with__________________ 给某人深刻印象，使某人因钦佩而肃然起敬
impress sth. on / upon sb. __________________ 使某人了解某事的重要性
词汇-3. queue up 排队等候
【教材原句】With the opening of the city’s Modern Art Museum, hundreds of people queued up to be among the first to view modern paintings. 随着城市现代美术馆的开放，成百上千人排队等候，成为了第一批目睹现代绘画作品的人。（P32）
【句法分析】with 介词短语作状语，动词不定式短语to view...作后置定语，修饰the first
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）No one is willing to queue up at the bus stop during the rush hour. ______________________
（2）The refugees are queuing up for the food and blankets. ______________________
1. 在公交站点排队；
2.难民正在排队领食物和毛毯
【拓展】
queue up to so sth_________________ 抢着做某事
jump the queue _________________ 插队，不按照次序排队
queue jumper _________________ 不按照次序排队的人
词汇-4. take steps to do sth 采取措施做某事
【教材原句】China has taken many steps to stop the process of desertification, including encouraging farmers to build fences (which stop wind from blowing the soil away), and providing money for people in dry areas to plan more trees and bushes. 中国已经采取了很多措施来阻止沙漠化的进程，其中包括鼓励农民建起栅栏（这些栅栏能阻止风把土壤吹走）和给干旱地区的人们提供资金已种植更多的树木和灌木。（P33）
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）The train station is taking steps to stop some people from jumping the queue. ____________________
正在采取措施阻止一些人插队
【链接】
take measures to do sth._____________________ 采取措施做某事
including prep. 包含，包括
The boss is running a store full of high-grade goods, including some duty-free ones.
这个老板经营着一家满是高档品的商店，包括一些免税货。
The topic covers several aspects, including economy, politics,military and diplomacy.
(The topic covers several aspects, economy, politics, military and diplomacy included.)
话题涉及几个方面，包括经济，政治，军事和外交。
stop sb/ sth from doing sth 阻止某人/ 某物做某事
Thanks to your advice, I could stop my son from doing the absurd thing. 多亏了你的建议，我才能阻止了我儿子做荒唐的事。
Can you stop them from hunting tortoises illegally? 你能阻止他们非法捕杀陆龟吗？
What impressed me most was that the foreign government took him immediate steps to stop the local armed groups from conflicting. 令我印象最深刻的是，那个外国政府立即采取措施制止了当地武装阻止发生冲突。
词汇-5. decrease v./ n. 减少
【教材原句】This is one of the cheapest and best ways of decreasing desertification.
这是减缓沙漠化的最廉价，最有效的方法之一。
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）The production of the crops in this area decreased from 5.2 million tons to 4.5 million tons. _____________________
（2）The disagreements between the two good friends are on the decrease. ______________________
1. 由520万吨下降到450万吨；
2.在减少
【搭配】
on the decrease ________________ 减少
词汇-6. devoted adj. 献身于...的，忠实的
【教材原句】The center has over 300 scientists devoted to finding measures that will stop desertification. 该中心有300多名科学家，他们致力于寻找阻止沙漠化的方法。（P33）
【句法分析】devoted to finding measures 作后置定语，修饰scientists, that 引导定语从句，修饰measures
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）Devoting herself to childcare completely, the young mother found herself surrounded by happiness which could not be found in her previous job.
（2）I can only devote two hours a day to working on the project.
（3）The old man devoted all his life to stopping the land from desertification.
1. 一心照顾孩子；
2. 在这个项目上花两个小时；
3.穷其一生阻止土地沙漠化
【搭配】
be devoted to ________________ 喜爱，疼爱，忠于，致力于
Tu Youyou, who won the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, is devoted to the study of artemisinin.
屠呦呦致力于青蒿素研究，于2019年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
【拓展】
devote oneself to (doing ) sth ________________ 献身于做某事
devote one’s life / time/ money/ energy to doing sth ______________ 把某人的一生/ 时间/ 金钱/ 精力奉献于做某事
词汇-7. raise v. 提出（=put forward/come up with）；引起；提升；举起；增加，提高（数量、水平等）；筹募；征集；召集；组建；抚养；养育；培养；饲养；种植
【教材原句】As the third longest river in the world, the health of the Yangtze River has raised concern both in China and abroad.
作为世界第三长河，长江的环境问题已经引起了国内外的关注。
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）The three consultants opened the floor and raised several practical solutions.__________________
（2）He raised a hand in greeting. ___________________
（3）The woman raised her voice and quarreled with the waiter. ___________________
（4）We’re raising money for Project Hope. ____________________
（5）They were both raised in the south. _____________________
（6）He raised chickens and corn. ____________________
1. 提出了几条切实可行的解决方案；
2. 扬起手；
3. 提高了嗓音；
4. 募捐；
5. 他们俩都是在南方长大的；
6. 养鸡
【拓展】
raise one’s hand 举手raise one’s family养家糊口
raise one’s voice提高声音raise funds筹集资金
【助记】
concern n.＆vt.
（1）n.[C,U]关心，关注；所关注的事
The recent rise in pollution is a matter of considerable public concern.近来污染增多是民众极为关切的事。
（2）vt.关系到，涉及；（对.......）感兴趣
Protecting the environment concerts all of us.保护环境跟我们大家都有关系。
He doesn’t concern himself with the debate.他对辩论不感兴趣。（词汇重现记忆法）
【拓展】
be concerned with __________________和......有牵连；与......有关
be concerned about/for _____________ 担心，担忧
be concerned to do sth. _____________认为做某事重要
be concerned that... _______________担心....
concern oneself with/about ________________ （对......）感兴趣
as/so far as...be concerned _______________就.....而言；在.....看来
express concern for sb._______________ 表达对某人的关心
【单词积累】
concerned adj.关心的；关注的；忧虑的concerning prep.关于
词汇-8. Nor is it good news for the wide range of fish and wildlife that live in or along the river.
对生活在江中或沿岸的大量鱼类和野生生物来说，这也是个不好的消息。
【句法分析】Nor is it...是倒装句。表示前面一种否定情况也适用于后者，常用“neither/nor+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构。
He isn’t a cheerful guy. Nor is his twin brother.他不是个乐观的家伙。他的双胞胎弟弟也不是。
She can’t get there at four. Nor can I.她不能在4点钟到那里，我也不能。
He can’t sing, nor dance, nor skate.他不会唱歌，也不会跳舞、滑冰。
【链接】
若表示前面一种肯定情况也适用于后者，则用“so+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构。
He is very concerned about the protection of white-flag dolphins, and so am I.他非常关注白鳍豚的保护，我也是。
range n.＆v. 范围；一系列；视觉的或听觉得范围；包括（从.......到......之间的）各类事物；在.......范围内变化；排列
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）Most people queuing up for tickets at the booking office are in the 18-30 age range. __________________
（2）The school provides children with a full range of activities. ___________________
（3）The spy came within the police’s range of vision. __________________
（4）The child walked out of her range of vision. __________________
（5）She has had a number of different jobs,ranging from chef to swimming instructor. ___________________
1. 在18岁到30岁之间；
2.一系列的活动；
3.进入了警方的视线；
4.走出了她的视线；
5.从厨师到游泳教练
【搭配】
a wide/broad/whole/full range of _____________________ 一系列/各类.......
in/within range of _____________________ 在视觉（或听觉）范围内
out of range of ______________________超出.....的范围
range from...to... ______________________
包括（各种不同的人或物）；（价格、水平、温度等）处于某个范围之内
词汇-9. under way 在进行中
【教材原句】Two special government projects are also under way.
政府的两个特殊项目也在实施中。【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）The measures are well under way to fight against typhoons and floods. ____________________
（2）Work is already under way to create a common trading system. ____________________
1. 采取措施与台风和洪水作斗争；
2. 建立共同贸易系统的工作已经在进行中了。
【链接】
under repair ________ 在修理中under treatment ____________ 在治疗中
under consideration _________在考虑中under discussion ___________在讨论中
under construction ________在建设中under control ______________ 在控制中
under pressure _______处在压力之下under command _______________ 在指挥下
The possibility of cutting back on production is still under discussion.减少产量的可能性仍在讨论中。
Two new Customs buildings are currently under construction.两座新的海关大楼目前正在建设中。
I’m delighted to see that you have everything under control.我很高兴看到一切都在你的控制之中。
词汇-10. in/with regard to 关于,至于
【教材原句】We still have a long way to go to solve all the problems in regard to the Yangze River.要解决有关长江的所有问题，我们还有很长的一段路要走。（P38）
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）They are very concerned about the rules in/with regard to training. ___________________
（2）In regard to that topic, I have nothing to say. ___________________
1. 关于培训的规定；
2.关于那个话题
【链接】
have no regard for ____________________ 对.....不予关心/考虑
pay/show regard for ___________________ 对......表现出尊重/关注
in this regard ____________________在这方面/关于此事（指与前文提到的内容有关）
with kind/best regards ___________________ 谨致问候
词汇-11. appreciate v. 欣赏；赏识；感激；感谢
【教材原句】The efforts of the Chinese government and people to protect this much-loved river will be appreciated for years to come.
中国政府和人名为保护这条深受人们热爱的河流所做出的努力会在未来得到赏识。
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）You can’t really appreciate foreign novels in translation. __________________
（2）His idea raised in the debate was fully appreciated. __________________
（3）I deeply appreciated your timely help. ___________________
1. 看翻译作品你不能真正欣赏到外国小说的精髓；
2. 赏识；
3. 我很感激你的及时帮助
词汇-12. let off 释放；饶恕；使爆炸
【教材原句】Therefore, the more petrol and electricity we consume, the more carbon we are letting off.因此，我们消耗的汽油和电能越多，我们释放出的碳就越多。
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）When our friends let off steam,we should be considerate towards them. _____________________
（2）I’ll let you off this time, but don’t do it again. ______________________
（3）He is willing to join us in letting off fireworks. ______________________
1. 当我们的朋友发泄怒气的时候；
2. 我且饶过你这一回；
3. 放烟花
【链接】
let alone _________________ 更不用说，更谈不上（用于否定句之后）
let down _________________ 使沮丧，使失望
let out _________________ 发出（叫声等）；加宽，放大；透露
词汇-13. 替代词that的用法
【教材原句】Although we produce carbon when we breathe, the carbon we produce is much less than that produced by a car.尽管我们呼吸时产生碳，但呼出的碳要比一辆小汽车产生的碳少得多。（P.39）
that 用来特指上文出现的单数可数名词或不可数名词。复数用those。
The teacher’s attitude to the question is different from that of the girl.这位老师对这个问题的看法不同于那个女孩对该问题的看法。
The goods made in our country are better than those imported.产于我们国家的这些货品要好于进口的货品。
词汇-14. in particular 尤其,特别，格外；特殊的；专门的；具体的
【教材原句】In particular, metal products and paper products require a lot of energy to produce...尤其是金属产品和纸质产品需要大量能源来生产.... （P39）
【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分
（1）He admitted having betrayed me, so I felt upset in particular. Before long I forgave him. __________________
（2）In regard to climate change and conservation of nature, I gave a special speech at the conference and now I have nothing in particular to say. __________________
（3）Is there anything in particular you’d like for dinner? ___________________
1. 因此我感到特别悲伤；
2. 现在没有什么特别要说的；
3. 晚饭你有特别想吃的吗？
【一言辨异】
I like meat in general, and mutton in particular. 总的来说我喜欢吃肉，特别是羊肉。
【拓展】
be particular about _________________ 对......讲究/挑剔
词汇-15. last but not least 最后而非不重要的，最后但同样重要的
【教材原句】Last but not least, you can plant a tree, because trees absorb the carbon dioxide in the air to produce oxygen.最后但同样重要的一点是，你可以植树，因为树能够吸收空气中的二氧化碳，释放出氧气。（P.39）
Last but not least, I appreciate your concern and help.最后但同样重要的是，我感谢您的关心和帮助。
【拓展】
last of all ________________ 最后
Last of all, I’d like to thank everyone for coming. 最后，我要感谢各位的光临。
absorb v. 吸收；合并，吞并；吸引；使专心；使全神贯注
【搭配】
absorb sth.(into...) ____________ 吸收某物........
absorb oneself in (=be absorb in ) _____________ 某人被........吸引住，专注于
Plants absorb carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen. 植物吸收二氧化碳，呼出氧气。
Water, salts and oxygen are absorbed into our blood stream. 水分、盐和氧气被吸收到我们的血液中。
The gifted engineer is absorbed in inventing a new engine, which will consume less fuel and let off less dioxide. 这位有才华的工程师专注于开发一款新型发动机，这款发动机会耗费更少的燃料，排放更少的二氧化碳。
The music absorbed him completely. 那音乐把他完全吸引了。
He was totally absorbed in the task. 他完全专注于这项任务了。
词汇-16. Do one’s part 尽自己的职责
【教材原句】...knowing that you did your part to help solve the problem of climate change. 因为你知道你为帮助解决气候变化问题尽了自己的责任。
Everyone should do his part to help stop the process of desertification. 每个人都应尽自己的职责帮助阻止沙漠化的进程。
【拓展】
play a role/ part in ________ 在...中扮演角色，在...中起作用
play the role / part of ___________扮演...的角色take part in _______________ 参加take an active part in_____积极参加 a part of______________ ...的一部分Pictures play an important part in publishing. 图片在出版业中起重要的作用。
Falling over is part of learning how to ski.学习滑雪少不了要摔倒。
二、重点语法
1. 动词-ing形式（现在分词）
动词-ing形式有两种含义，一种是动名词，另一种是现在分词。动名词的用法在Unit 1中已有论述，本单元重点讲解其作为现在分词的用法。
1.动词-ing形式的句法功能
（1）作定语
动词-ing形式作定语，表示动作发生的时间有两种：一种是表示正在进行的动作，变为从句时需要用进行时态；另一种是表示经常性的动作或现在的状态，变为从句时用一般时态，被修饰词与动词之间是主动关系。
The people operating these factories shouldn’t hide from their responsibilities for the environment.管理这些工厂的人们不应该逃避对环境应负的责任。
A coal-burning stove does cause pollution to the environment.烧煤的炉子确实对环境造成污染。
（2）作表语
动词-ing形式作表语对主语起修饰限制作用，多表示主语所具有的特征。
The old man’s childhood experience are moving.
这位老人的童年经历很感人。
Travelling is interesting but tiring.旅行是有趣的，但也是令人疲劳的。
The argument is very convincing.这个论点很有说服力。
（3）作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语是宾语。感官动词和have, get, keep等都可以接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。
The little girl had the light burning all night long.这个小女孩一整夜都让灯亮着。
I heard Tom arguing with someone else, swearing from time to time.
我听到汤姆和另外一个人争吵着，时不时地说着脏话。
（4）作状语
动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。动词-ing形式作状语，是对谓语动词表示的主要动作加以修饰或作为陪衬，也就是说动词-ing形式表示的是比较次要的动作，是对谓语动词表示的动作或状态的补充说明，但它们表示的动作（或状态）是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生（或进行）的。
①做时间状语
Having quarreled for a long time, the twins became silent finally.
争吵了很长时间，这对双胞胎终于变得安静下来。
②作原因状语
Having sensed they were wrong, they made an apology to each other.
他们意识到自己错了，就彼此道起歉来。
③作结果状语
He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.
他把玻璃杯弄掉了，结果把杯子摔的粉碎。
④作条件状语
Relying on your parents （=If you rely on your parents）heavily, you will end up as a failure.
如果过分依赖父母，你终将是个失败者。
⑤作伴随状语
The dog entered the room, following his master.这条狗跟着主人进了房间。
2.动词-ing形式的完成式
动词-ing形式的完成式（having done）表示该动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。
Having cut back on production, the company decided to reduce the staff.
在减产后，该公司决定裁员。
Having paused for a while, the consultant continued his talk.
在停顿了一会后，这位顾问继续他的谈话。
Having accepted his apology, I forgave him.
在接受了他的道歉后，我原谅了他。
【拓展】
动词-ing形式的完成被动式（having been done）表示该动作是先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生的被动动作。
Having been injured by the machine, I was more cautious about operating it.
在被机器弄伤后，我对操作机器更加谨慎了。
3.连词+动词-ing形式
when, while, if, though, as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词可以直接跟动词-ing形式作状语，相当于由这些连词所引导的时间、条件、让步、地点等状语从句。这时动词-ing 形式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
While listening to the debate （=While he was listening to the debate），he made notes.
在听辩论的时候，他做了笔记。
When studying at university （=When he was studying at university），he set up his own company.
在上大学时，他创立了自己的公司。
If walking the dog （=If you are walking the dog），you should be careful and don’t let it get loose.
如果你在遛狗，当心别松了手。
【拓展】
“连词+动词-ed形式”也可以作状语，这时表示被动的动作。
He will not go to the party even if invited.（=even if he is invited）.
即使受到邀请，他也不去参加聚会。
4.动词-ing形式的否定式
动词-ing形式的否定式就是在其前面加not。
Not knowing how to respond to her email, he had to pause and think for a while. 由于不知道如何答复她的电子邮件，他不得不停下来想一会。
Not having finished her homework , the little girl had to stay at home.
小女孩没完成作业，不得不待在家里。
牛津译林版高中英语必修一模块一
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牛津译林模块五 Unit 2重点句型及语法学案
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模块三Unit 1 The world of our senses I重点短语 1. sense 1) [C]感官five senses the sense of smell/taste/touch/sight/hearing 2) [C]……的感觉/ 能力 a sense of humor / direction / success/ duty/ locality(方位) 3) [U]辨别力common sense常识 a man of sense有理智的人 a man of good sense通情达理的人 4) [U]意义、价值There is no sense in doing sth. There's no sense in waiting three hours. 等三小时是无意义的。 5) 表示"神智"时，常用one's senses bring sb. to one's senses 使某人醒过来 come to one's senses醒过来 out of / lose one's senses 失去神智 6) 理解；领会 He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome.他觉得他的建议不受欢迎。习惯用语： make sense有意义；有道理，讲得通；意思清楚 (make sense=be meaningful 有意义) make sense of 理解；懂；明白 in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说 in no sense决不是, 决非 in some sense在某种意义上 out of one's (right) sense失常, 失去理智, 神经错乱 There is no sense in doing...做...是没有道理的/意义的。 There is some sense in doing...做...是有一些/道理的/意义的。 2. sight [U] 看；看见；视力；视野[C]情景；景象；[pl.]名胜 at first sight乍看一下、初看起来at (the) sight of一看见 in sight / out of sight catch sight of / lose one's sight 5. add …to…把……加到……上add to 增加,增强 add up 加起来add up to总计达……，总计 in addition in addition to 6. make the most of make the best of make full use of 充分利用…… 7. method, way, means method：指系统的、符合一定理论的方法。 "用这种方法"可译为"with/through this method"。 way：普通用语，指做事情的方法，也可泛指思想方法、生活方式等。 "用这种方法"可译为"in this way"。 means：作"方式、方法、手段"时，单复数同形。 "用这种方法"可译为"by this means"。 with this method = in this way= by this means 8. whisper v. whisper sth. to sb. whisper sth. in one's ear 附耳……对某人说 1
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译林牛津版模块一unit1-unit3 词汇训练及讲解(教师版)
译林牛津版模块一 u n i t1-u n i t3词汇训练及讲解(教师版) https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b6124059.html,work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR
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高中牛津英语模块一模块一 unit1重点词组
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14.refer to指 15.function as当作…使用,具有….的功能 16.leave out省略 17.relate to和…相关 18.pay attention to注意 19.in short form用缩略的形式 20.take place发生 21.make decision作决定 22.make comparison作比较 23.take turns轮流 24.follow the outline按照纲要 25.be responsible for对…负责 26.consist of包含,由…构成 https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b6124059.html,e up with想出
28.base on根据 29.have it approved by…征得…..的同意 https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b6124059.html,rm sb of sth告知 31.sign up签名参加 https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b6124059.html,mon to 对…来说很普遍 33.turn up调高声音出现 34.a waste of 浪费 35.no more 不再 36.spare time空余时间 37.force….to… 强迫（某人）做 38.can’t wait to.. 迫不及待地要 39.be supposed to被期望或要求,本应该 40.do with 处置,忍受需要
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