全国公共英语等级考试(pets)三级综合知识讲义

PETS3综合知识电子教材

第一课时

开场白

完形填空

语法知识

第二课时

Passage 13

A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (语声), and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.

Let's look at this 1 in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, 2 distinguishes man from the rest of the 3 world.

Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 4 of cries: for

example, many birds utter 5 calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter 6 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. 7 these various means of communication differ in important ways 8 human

language. For instance, animals' cries do not 9 thoughts and feelings clearly. This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 10 us to divide a human utterance into 11 .

We can change an utterance by 12 one word in it with 13 : a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e. g., "tanks approaching from the north", 14 who can change one word and say" aircraft approaching from the north" or "tanks approaching from the west"; but a bird has a single alarm cry, 15 means "danger!"

This is why the number of 16 that an animal can make is very limited: the

great tit (山雀) is a case 17 point; it has about twenty different calls, 18 in human language the number of possible utterances is 19 . It also explains why animal cries are very 20 in meaning.

1. A. classification B. definition

C. function

D. perception

2. A. that B. it

C. as

D. what

3. A. native B. human

C. physical

D. animal

4. A. ways B. means

C. methods

D. approaches

5. A. mating B. exciting

6. A. identical B. similar

C. different

D. unfamiliar

7. A. But B. Therefore

C. Afterwards

D. Furthermore

8. A. about B. with

C. from

D. in

9. A. infer B. explain

C. interpret

D. express

10. A. encourages B. enables

C. enforces

D. ensures

11. A. speeches B. sounds

C. words

D. voices

12. A. replacing B. spelling

C. pronouncing

D. saying

13. A. ours B. theirs

C. another

D. others

14. A. so B. and

C. but

D. or

15. A. this B. that

C. which

D. it

16. A. signs B. gestures

17. A. in B. at

C. of

D. for

18. A. whereas B. since

C. anyhow

D. somehow

19. A. boundless B. changeable

C. limitless

D. ceaseless

20. A. ordinary B. alike

C. common

D. likely

答案： B C C B C C A C D B

C A C B C C A A C B

Passage 14

One summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would be air-conditioned and I couldn't face my 1 apartment.

Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the 2 between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the 3 every time she leaned over to talk to him, 4 he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such

5 in a public place?

I thought the movie would be good for my English, but 6 it turned out,

it

was an Italian movie 7 about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and 8 on my popcorn(爆玉米花).I've never understood why they give you so much popcorn! It tasted pretty good, 9 . After a while I heard 10 more of the romantic-sounding Italians. I just heard the 11 of the popcorn crunching(咀嚼) between my teeth. My thought started to 12 I remembered when I was in South Korea (韩国), I 13 to watch Kojak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean — I was really amazed. He seemed like a good friend to me, 14 I saw him again in New York speaking 15 English instead of perfect Korean. He didn't even have a Korean accent and I 16 like I had been betrayed.

When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English. 17 we had begun to learn a few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home. Everyone agreed, but our house became very 18 and we all seemed to avoid each other. We sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring that to 19 in a difficult language. Mother tried to say something in English but it 20 out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it! We've been speaking Korean at home ever since.

1. A. warm B. hot

C. heated

D. cool

2. A. crack B. blank

C. break

D. opening

3. A. aspect B. view

C. space

D. angle

4. A. while B. whenever

C. or

D. and

5. A. attraction B. attention

C. affection

D. motion

6. A. since B. when

C. what

D. as

7. A. within B. after

C. for

D. over

8. A. concentrate B. chew

C. fix

D. taste

9. A. too B. still

C. though

D. certain

10. A. much B. any

C. no

D. few

11. A. voice B. sound

C. rhythm

D. tone

12. A. wonder B. wander

C. imagine

D. depart

13. A. enjoyed B. happened

C. turned

D. used

14. A. until B. because

C. then

D. therefore

15. A. artificial B. informal

C. perfect

D. practical

16. A. felt B. looked

C. seemed

D. appeared

17. A. While B. If

C. Before

D. Once

18. A. empty B. quiet

C. stiff

D. calm

19. A. telling B. uttering

C. saying

D. speaking

20. A. worked B. got

C. came

D. made

答案：B A D C C D B A C C

B B D A

C A C B

D C

7. All ________ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.

A. what is needed

B. for our needs

C. the thing needed

D. that is needed

答案：D

19. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately ________ from Marathon to Athens.

A. distance

B. the distance

C. is the distance

D. the distance is

答案：B

22. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space ________ which matter has fallen and ________ which nothing can escape.

A. towards … towards

B. into ... from

C. out of ... from

D. through ... through

答案：B

第三课时

语法知识

Many things ______ impossible in the past have come true.

A. to be considered

B. being considered

C. considered

D. were considered

答案：C

第四课时

语法知识

完形填空的做题方法和技巧

13. Having no money but ________ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.

A. not to want anyone

B. not wanting anyone

C. wanted no one

D. to want no one

答案：B

第五课时

完形填空的做题方法和技巧

文章见前面课时

第六课时

Passage 15

More than forty thousand readers told us what they looked for in close friendships, what they expected 1 friends, what they were willing to give in 2 , and how satisfied they were 3 the quality of their friendships. The 4 give little comfort to social critics.

Friendship 5 to be a unique form of 6 bonding. Unlike marriage or the ties that 7 parents and children, it is not defined or regulated by 8 . Unlike other social roles that we are expected to 9 —as citizens, employees, members of professional societies and 10 organizations — it has its own principle, which is to promote 11 of warmth, trust, love, and affection 12 two people.

The survey on friendship appeared in the March 13 of Psychology Today. The findings 14 that issues of trust and betrayal (背叛) are 15 to friendship. They also suggest that our readers do not 16 who are 17 like them, but find many 18 differ in race, religion, and ethnic (种族的) background. Arguably the most important 19 that emerges from the 20 , is not something that we found — but what we did not.

1. A. to B. for

C. of

D. on

2. A. return B. reply

C. addition

D. turn

3. A. about B. with

C. of

D. by

4. A. effects B. expectations

C. results

D. consequences

5. A. appears B. feels

C. leads

D. sounds

C. mankind

D. individual

7. A. attract B. attach

C. control

D. bind

8. A. rule B. discipline

C. law

D. regulation

9. A. play B. keep

C. show

D. do

10. A. those B. all

C. any

D. other

11. A. interests B. feelings

C. friendship

D. impressions

12. A. on B. in

C. for

D. between

13. A. print B. copy

C. issue

D. publication

14. A. confirm B. resolve

C. assure

D. secure

15. A. main B. central

C. neutral

D. nuclear

16. A. ask B. appeal

C. call

D. look

C. most

D. least

18. A. friends B. what

C. people

D. who

19. A. summary B. decision

C. conclusion

D. claim

20. A. yet B. still

C. moreover

D. however

答案：C A B C A B D C A D

B D

C A B

D C D C D

第七课时

文章见前面课时

第八课时

Passage 17

In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages 1 using faculty (教师[总称]) from foreign countries 2 teaching positions have

to be 3 , of course. It can be said that foreign 4 that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset(财富) also 5 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual.

The foreign research scholar usually isolates 6 in the laboratory as a means of protection; 7 , what he needs is to be fitted 8 a highly organized university system quite different from 9 at home. He is faced in his daily work 10 differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students 11 background in each other's cultures. Some 12 of what is already in the minds of American students is 13 by the foreign professor. While helping him to 14 himself to his new environment, the university must also 15 certain adjustments in order to 16 full advantage of what the newcomer can 17 . It isn't always known how to make 18 use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a 19 where further study is called 20 . The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.

1. A. with B. for

C. of

D. at

2. A. in B. on

C. for

D. within

3. A. thought B. measured

C. balanced

D. considered

4. A. situation B. circumstance

C. background

D. condition

5. A. carries B. creates

C. emerges

D. solves

6. A. himself B. oneself

C. him

D. one

7. A. otherwise B. moreover

C. however

D. also

8. A. into B. by

C. to

D. with

9. A. those B. which

C. what

D. that

10. A. toward B. with

C. to

D. at

11. A. have B. possess

C. need

D. lack

12. A. concept B. feeling

C. plan

D. intelligence

13. A. ordered B. asked

C. insisted

D. required

14. A. place B. adapt

C. put

D. direct

15. A. remain B. keep

C. make

D. cause

16. A. take B. make

C. do

D. be

17. A. show B. afford

C. express

D. offer

18. A. powerful B. creative

C. imaginary

D. advanced

19. A. scope B. range

C. field

D. district

20. A. on B. for

C. upon

D. at

词汇

第九课时

冲刺500核心词汇必备

1abroad

2absence 3abuse

4academic 5accompany

6accomplish

7account

8accurate

9achieve

10acquire

11across

12adequate

13admit

14adolescence

15adult

16advantage

17affect

18affirm

19agent

20agree

21aim

22analyze 23anxious 24apart

25apparent 26appear

27application 28apply

29appraise 30appreciate 31approve 32argument 33artificial 34aspect

35assemble 36assess

37assign

38assume 39assure

40atmosphere

41attitude

42attract

43available

44average

45avoid

46balance

47ban

48be

49bear

50beat

51become

52befit

53begin

54behave

55benefit

56beware

57blame

58boom

59boost

60brand

61bring

62bulk

63burden

64campaign

65campus

66candidate

67career

68category

69cause

70challenge

71charge

72charm

73chart

74cheat

75circulate

76circumstance

77cite

78clarify

79climate

80combine

81comfort

82compensate

83compete

84complicated

85concentrate

86concern

87confident

88confine

89consequence

90confirm

91confront

92conquer

93conscious

94consider

95constant

96construct

97consume

98contact

99contest

100c ontrary

101c ontribute

102c onvenience

103c onvert

104c onvey 105c ope

106c orporation 107c orrect

108c ost

109c ouple

110c ourse

111c reate

112c riticize 113c rowd

114c rucial

115c uriosity 116c urrent

117c ustom 118c ycle

119d amage 120d anger

121d ata

122d ate

123d ebt

124d ecade 125d ecent 126d eclare

127d ecline

128d eclude

129d ecrease

130d efault

131d efeat

132d efect

133d efinite

134d egree

135d elight

136d eny

137d eprive

138d escribe

139d esert

140d esign

141d esire

142d espite

143d econstruct

144d etail

145d evelop

146d evote

147d iagnose

148d irect

149d isappoint

150d isguise

151d istinct

152d istinguish

153d o

154d omain

155d ouble

156d oubt

157d rama

158d rop

159d uty

160d weller

161e ase

162e conomy

163e dge

164e fficient

165e ither

166e lementary

167e mbarrassme

nt

168e motional

169e mphasis

170e mploy

171e ncounter

172e nergy

173e nhance

174e normous

175e nroll

176e nterprise

177e nthusiasm

178e nthusiastic

179e ntitle

180e nvironment

181e specially

182e ssay

183e ssential

184e vident

185e xact

186e xamine

187e xceed

188e xcellent

189e xcite

190e xecute

191e xhaust

192e xpensive 193e xperience 194e xpert

195e xplain

196e xplore

197e xpress

198e xtraordinary 199e xtreme

200f actor

201f aculty

202f ail

203f amiliar

204f ascinate 205f easible

206f eed

207f emale

208f ierce

209f igure

210f inancial

211f ind

212f lood 213f ocus

214f orm

215f ormer

216f requent

217f resh

218f ruit

219f urnish

220f ulfill

221g erm

222g raduate

223g raph

224g ravity

225g row

226h abit

227h andle

228h ard

229h arm

230h ealth

231h ear

232h ighway

233h obby

234h old

235h ospital

236h ostile

237i gnore

238i llustrate

239i mage

240i mmediate

241i mpact

242i mprove

243i nclude

244i ncrease

245i dentical

246i ndependenc

e

247i ndifferent

248i ndispensable

249i ndividual

250i nduce

251i nfect

252i nfer

253i nfinite

254i nflict

255i nformation

256i nherit

257i nitial

258i nnocence

259i nnovation

260i nsert

261i nside

262i nsist

263i nstitution

264i ntelligence

265i nterest

266i nterpersonal

267i nterpret

268i solate

269j ourney

270j unior

271j ustify

272k eep

273k idnap

274k now

275l anguage

276l ate

277l atter

278l aunch 279l ecture 280l egal

281l eisure 282l ength 283l et

284l iterary 285l ocal

286l ose

287l uxury

288m ajor

289m ajority 290m ake

291m ale

292m anage 293m arket 294m atch 295m aterial 296m aximize 297m ean

298m eanwhile 299m edia 300m edical

301m eet

302m emory

303m ental

304m ention

305m erit

306m illion

307m inimize

308m islead

309m iss

310m oral

311m ultitude

312m urder

313n ative

314n eglect

315n eighborhood

316n either

317n ervous

318n ormal

319n oticeable

320n urse

321o bjection

322o bserve

323o bsolete

324o bvious

325o ccur

326o ffer

327o il

328o pinion

329o pportunity

330o rdinary

331o rient

332o utside

333o vercome

334o versea

335o verwhelmin

g

336p arent

337p art

338p articular

339p assive

340p atient

341p ercent

342p erfect

343p erform

344p ersonality

345p erspective

346p essimism

347p etroleum

348p henomenon

349p lan

350p lug

351p olitical

352p oll

353p opular

354p opulation

355p ortion

356p ositive

357p ossess

358p otential

359p recaution

360p recise

361p repare

362p ressure

363p rimary

364p rinciple

365p rivate 366p rivilege 367p roduce 368p rofession 369p romising 370p romote 371p roportion 372p rotect 373p rotest 374p rove

375p rovided 376p sychology 377p urpose 378p ursue 379p ush

380r andom 381r each

382r ealize 383r eason 384r ecall

385r eceive 386r ecent 387r ecognize

388r educe

389r efer

390r eflect

391r egard

392r egular

393r elax

394r eliable

395r elive

396r emark

397r emarkable

398r ent

399r eplace

400r esort

401r esource

402r espect

403r espective

404r esume

405r ise

406r isk

407r ole

408s alary

409s anitation

410s cholar

411s cholarship

412s core

413s ecretary

414s ecurity

415s elect

416s enior

417s eparate

418s erious

419s erve

420s hare

421s hortage

422s ick

423s ignificant

424s imilar

425s imply

426s lang

427s leep

428s ocial

429s olution

430s olve

431s ophisticate

432s ource

433s pare

434s pecific

435s pread

436s taff

437s tandard

438s tar

439s tatus

440s tick

441s trategy

442s trength

443s tress

444s trive

445s tructure

446s tuff

447s ubstantial

448s ubstitute

449s uburb

450s ubway

451s uccess

452s uccessful