初中英语倒装句讲解英语语法解读部分倒装与完全倒装

[初中英语倒装句讲解]英语语法——解读部

分倒装与完全倒装

篇一: 英语语法——解读部分倒装与完全倒装

部分和完全倒装有什么不同?

看看下面的讲解是否明白？部分只需要把助动词提前其他句子结果不变

全部倒装呢则是要把谓语提前句子其他位置不边

部分倒装所谓的助动词意思我举个小列子你就懂了

I went to home .这里谓语就是went相应的组动词就是did

部分倒装：Did I go to home.

完全倒装：Went I to home.

1. 完全倒装

1) 完全即把整个谓语放到主语之前。there引出的完全倒装句：除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等，一般都译成”有”的含义，构成完全倒装句。例如：There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.

3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全句：以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。

例：Under that tree sits a beautiful girl. 例：_________ from the

tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him.

A) Jumped down the burglar B) Down the burglar jumped

C) The burglar jumps down D) Down jumped the burglar

答案是D) Down jumped the burglar。因为地点状语Down位于句首应该用完全倒装，整个谓语动词应位于主语之前。C) The burglar jumps down虽然是自然语序，但时态错误，应该用和时间状语从句一致的过去时，而不是现在时。

注意：

1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中，当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句，但当主语是代词时，就要用部分句。

例：Here comes the postman! Here we are.

2) 注意正语序和语序的语气、意义是区别：

例：Here is the picture I love.

The picture I love is here.

3) 当主语是代词，谓语是系动词，表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时，可以使用完全倒装句，起强调作用。

例：Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.

2. 部分倒装

1) 部分即只把谓语的一部分放到主语前，或把句子的强调

成分提前。［]

例：_______ right now, she would get there on Sunday.

A) Would she leave B) if she leave

C) were she to leave D) If she had left

结合选项，全句的意思是：“如果她立刻就走，她就能在星期天到达那里”。答案是C。

2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法：

例：Not until yesterday did little John change his mind. 例：In no country ______ Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.

A) better than B) more than C) other than D) rather than

本题是个倒装句，答案是C) other than。no other than意思是“正是、就是”；而rather than的意思是“宁愿……而不……；而不是”。

3) 以否定副词开头并加状语的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, nor nearly, not only等以及only。

例：Only under special circumstances _________ to take make-up tests.

A) are freshmen permitted C) permitted are freshmen

B) freshmen are permitted D) are permitted freshmen

全句的意思是：“一年级学生只有在特殊的情况下才可以允许补考。”本陈述句以only开始，后面接状语，应当用部分倒装句。所以答案是A) are freshmen permitted。如用自然语序，本题所在的句子就应该改写为：Freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests only under

special circumstances.这两句话的差别是，前者将only under special circumstances放到句首，表示对状语的强调。注意：在部分倒装句中，只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前，其它部分都要置于主语之后。

注意：

a) 如果含有从句时，只要求主句倒装：

例：Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.

b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分，不用倒装：

例：It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact.

c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时，意义类似almost no/ not/ never，则无须。

例：Hardly any people having been invited went there.

4) 由no matter how, however和how引导的状语从句要求部分，因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面，然后才是主语和谓语，形成形式上的部分句：

例：I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.

由as引导的部分句：

a) 当as作为比较意义时，即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时，如果把第一个as省略掉，就形成部分倒装句。

例：Cautious as the rest of her family , she didn’t seem willing to give an immediate reply to my question.

She ran down the stairs, quick as a rabbit .

b) 当as引导让步状语时，和although, though一样，当用作“尽管”之义时，可以用于部分倒装句。[］

例：_______, there was no hope of her being able to sleep.

A) As she was exhausted B) If she was exhausted

C) Exhausted though she was D) Now that she was exhausted

答案是C) Exhausted though she was。从属连词as, though可以用于让步状语从句中。这种从句必须以形容词、名词或动词原形开头，主语必须位于从句之后。D) Now that she was exhausted里的引导词Now that表示“既然”；B) If she was exhausted表示条件“如果”；A) As she was exhausted表示“由于”，都与后面句子的意思不通顺。

c) 表示原因时，为了强调起见，也可以倒装。

例：Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him. d) 等于so时，意义是“也，是”

例：She worked hard, so/ as did her husband.

3. 其它情况的倒装句

1) so, neither, nor除了构成上述倒装句以外，还可以取代上文出现的名词、形容词甚至整句话，构成完全句或部分倒装句。但这两种倒装的意义不同。a) 当so表示“也，相同，那样”时，通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容，要求使用完全句：

例：I asked him to complete the experiment before five, so he did .

b) so /such ……that句型可以构成部分倒装句，表示强调so /such 和that之间的部分：例：So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.

To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.

c) neither和nor共有4种形式，其含义分别为：

完全时：表示”不”，和上文a）用法正好相反，表示对前一句否定句的赞同或一致内容。

例：You don’t know what to do now, neither/ nor do I . 和其它否定副词连用，表示”“，要求用完全倒装句：

例：The besieged enemy could not advance, nor / neither could they retreat.

注意：若把这句话改成：”The besieged enemy could neither advance nor retreat.”就不必。

例：She never laughed, ______ lose her temper.

A) or she ever did B) nor did she ever

C) or did she ever D) nor she ever did

本题的句子是一个并列句，全句意思是：”她从来不大声笑，没有发过脾气”。当前面的分句含否定意义而且后面的分句含否定的意思时，后面的反句通常用含否定意义的nor连接。此外，nor连接的分句应当用句，及其谓语中的情态动词、连系动词或助动词应放主语之前。所以B) nor did she ever是答案。本句相当于：”…, and she

never lost her temper, either”。［)

1) 用在肯定句里，构成一般否定：

例：All that is true, nor must we forget it.

2) 部分，有承上启下作用，表示同意和赞同：

例：A: I couldn’t do anything for her.

B: Nor you could, but you might have got somebody to help her.

2) 在进行比较的句子里，如果主语不是代词时，可以倒装：

例：America consumes more energy than did our country. Her face is rather pale and even paler are her hands.

篇二: 英语语法——解读部分倒装与完全倒装

部分和完全倒装有什么不同?

看看下面的讲解是否明白？部分只需要把助动词提前其他句子结果不变

全部倒装呢则是要把谓语提前句子其他位置不边

部分倒装所谓的助动词意思我举个小列子你就懂了

I went to home .这里谓语就是went相应的组动词就是did

部分倒装：Did I go to home.

完全倒装：Went I to home.

1. 完全倒装

1) 完全即把整个谓语放到主语之前。例如：In came the teacher and the class began.

2) there引出的完全倒装句：除了最常见的there be句型以外，there

还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等，一般都译成”有”的含义，构成完全倒装句。例如：There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.

3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全句：以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。

例：Under that tree sits a beautiful girl. 例：_________ from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him.

A) Jumped down the burglar B) Down the burglar jumped

C) The burglar jumps down D) Down jumped the burglar

答案是D) Down jumped the burglar。因为地点状语Down位于句首应该用完全倒装，整个谓语动词应位于主语之前。C) The burglar jumps down虽然是自然语序，但时态错误，应该用和时间状语从句一致的过去时，而不是现在时。

注意：

1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中，当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句，但当主语是代词时，就要用部分句。

例：Here comes the postman! Here we are.

2) 注意正语序和语序的语气、意义是区别：

例：Here is the picture I love.

The picture I love is here.

3) 当主语是代词，谓语是系动词，表语是说明性的词、词组和

定语从句时，可以使用完全倒装句，起强调作用。

例：Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.

2. 部分倒装

1) 部分即只把谓语的一部分放到主语前，或把句子的强调

成分提前。

例：_______ right now, she would get there on Sunday.

A) Would she leave B) if she leave

C) were she to leave D) If she had left

结合选项，全句的意思是：“如果她立刻就走，她就能在星期天到达那里”。答案是C。

2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法：

例：Not until yesterday did little John change his mind. 例：In no country ______ Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.

A) better than B) more than C) other than D) rather than

本题是个倒装句，答案是C) other than。no other than意思是“正是、就是”；而rather than的意思是“宁愿……而不……；而不是”。

3) 以否定副词开头并加状语的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, nor nearly, not only等以及only。

例：Only under special circumstances _________ to take make-up

tests.

A) are freshmen permitted C) permitted are freshmen

B) freshmen are permitted D) are permitted freshmen

全句的意思是：“一年级学生只有在特殊的情况下才可以允许补考。”本陈述句以only开始，后面接状语，应当用部分倒装句。所以答案是A) are freshmen permitted。如用自然语序，本题所在的句子就应该改写为：Freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests only under special circumstances.这两句话的差别是，前者将only under special circumstances放到句首，表示对状语的强调。注意：在部分倒装句中，只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前，其它部分都要置于主语之后。

注意：

a) 如果含有从句时，只要求主句倒装：

例：Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.

b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分，不用倒装：

例：It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact.

c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时，意义类似almost no/ not/ never，则无须。

例：Hardly any people having been invited went there.

4) 由no matter how, however和how引导的状语从句要求部分，

因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面，然后才是主语和谓语，形成形式上的部分句：

例：I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.

由as引导的部分句：

a) 当as作为比较意义时，即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时，如果把第一个as省略掉，就形成部分倒装句。

例：Cautious as the rest of her family , she didn’t seem willing to give an immediate reply to my question.

She ran down the stairs, quick as a rabbit .

b) 当as引导让步状语时，和although, though一样，当用作“尽管”之义时，可以用于部分倒装句。

例：_______, there was no hope of her being able to sleep.

A) As she was exhausted B) If she was exhausted

C) Exhausted though she was D) Now that she was exhausted

答案是C) Exhausted though she was。从属连词as, though可以用于让步状语从句中。这种从句必须以形容词、名词或动词原形开头，主语必须位于从句之后。D) Now that she was exhausted里的引导词Now that表示“既然”；B) If she was exhausted表示条件“如果”；A) As she was exhausted表示“由于”，都与后面句子的意思不通顺。

c) 表示原因时，为了强调起见，也可以倒装。

例：Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him. d) 等于so时，

意义是“也，是”

例：She worked hard, so/ as did her husband.

3. 其它情况的倒装句

1) so, neither, nor除了构成上述倒装句以外，还可以取代上文出现的名词、形容词甚至整句话，构成完全句或部分倒装句。但这两种倒装的意义不同。a) 当so表示“也，相同，那样”时，通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容，要求使用完全句：

例：I asked him to complete the experiment before five, so he did .

b) so /such ……that句型可以构成部分倒装句，表示强调so /such 和that之间的部分：例：So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.

To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.

c) neither和nor共有4种形式，其含义分别为：

完全时：表示”不”，和上文a）用法正好相反，表示对前一句否定句的赞同或一致内容。

例：You don’t know what to do now, nei ther/ nor do I . 和其它否定副词连用，表示”“，要求用完全倒装句：

例：The besieged enemy could not advance, nor / neither could they retreat.

注意：若把这句话改成：”The besieged enemy could neither advance nor retreat.”就不必。

例：She never laughed, ______ lose her temper.

A) or she ever did B) nor did she ever

C) or did she ever D) nor she ever did

本题的句子是一个并列句，全句意思是：“她从来不大声笑，没有发过脾气”。当前面的分句含否定意义而且后面的分句含否定的意思时，后面的反句通常用含否定意义的nor连接。此外，nor连接的分句应当用句，及其谓语中的情态动词、连系动词或助动词应放主语之前。所以B) nor did she ever是答案。本句相当于：”…, and she n ever lost her temper, either”。

1) 用在肯定句里，构成一般否定：

例：All that is true, nor must we forget it.

2) 部分，有承上启下作用，表示同意和赞同：

例：A: I couldn’t do anything for her.

B: Nor you could, but you might have got somebody to help her.

2) 在进行比较的句子里，如果主语不是代词时，可以倒装：

例：America consumes more energy than did our country. Her face is rather pale and even paler are her hands.