基础英语Ⅱ下册模拟试题(第二套).

基础英语Ⅱ下册模拟试题（第二套）

I. Word explanation.

Directions: Choose the best explanation for the italicized expression in each sentence from the explanations offered.

1. …the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago…

2. and it is still sightly

3. are you going steady

4. The conversation was on wings

5.as the Jews live in a self-contained community

A.pleasant to the sight

B.metaphor，comparing conversation to a bird flying and soaring．It means the conversation

soon became spirited and exciting．

C.set down or impose

D.self—sufficient；having within oneself or itself all that is necessary

E. (American colloquialism)date someone of the opposite sex regularly and exclusively：be

sweethearts

II. Understanding cultural information.

Directions: There are 5 sentences in this part, and for each sentence, there is a bracket. Beneath each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best answer according to the background information concerning the textbook.

1. The Lady of the Camellias was written by a famous French writer called______ .

A. James Joyce

B. Oscar Wilde

C. AlexandreDumas fils

D. Evelyn Herald

2. King Lear was written by______ .

A. Oscar Wilde

B. Shakespeare

C. Alexandre Dumas

D. W. H. Auden

3. What's the religious belief of John F. Kennedy ?

A. Buddhism

B. Christianity

C. Protestant

D. Roman Catholic

4. John F. Kennedy was assassinated in______ .

A. New Y ork

B. Brooklyn

C. Dallas D Los Angeles

5. Adam's apple is an allusion in______ .

A. Greek mythology

B. Animal Fair

C. Profiles in courage

D. Bible

III. Paraphrase the following sentences.

1. People with brown skins are next door to invisible.

2. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.

3. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.

4. Boy and man, I had been through it often before.

5. I think we'd better call it night.

IV. Try to figure out the rhetorical device used in each sentence.

1. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away.

2. And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.

3. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.

4. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries…

5. …the conquered in the end conquering the conqueror.

V．Cloze.

Directions: Choose the best answer for each blank in the Answer Sheet.

Max lives in an upper middle-class housing estate. His neighbours are mostly bank managers, business executives, airline pilots and the 1 , but Max's seven-bedroom house —worth $ 80,000 — is the largest in the area. 2 outside the house are Max's $ 7000 sports car and his wife's Morris Mini. Indoors is a 150 colour TV set and the family's pride — a circular bath with gold-plated taps. There are also many labour－saving 3 and luxury furniture.

How can a plasterer 4 all this? The answer, says Max, is hard work. In partnership with another plasterer, Max does contract plastering jobs for a firm. The owner of the firm 5 them as human machines, the best and quickest in the trade, who can do as much in two days as any two-man team can in two weeks.

How do they 6 it? Not by working overtime. They work a normal eight-hour day, five days a week. The secret 7 in Max's hod in which he carries the plaster to the site of the job. Max's is a superhod — it contains double the usual quantity of plaster, and Max, a strong fellow, runs when he carries it. More time is thus 8 to get on with the plastering. Besides, neither man wastes time smoking, and they 9 their lunch break to a total of an hour a day. Now Max earns over $ 800 a week which is four times the average weekly pay in Britain today, and if he gets as 10 as $ 15, it's a disaster.

1. A like B kind C class D same

2. A Stopped B Stopping C Parked D Parking

3. A objects B devices C articles D materials

4. A buy B use C afford D provide

5. A tells B says C compares D describes

6. A manage B get C do D finish

7. A is B lies C hides D falls

8. A left B needed C spent D kept

9. A have B cut C miss D spend

10. A much B little C more D less

VI. Reading comprehension.

Passage one

No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance.Uniforms are demanding to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of a whole. The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth.

There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger, more important concept. What could be more important than the individual himself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence. Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in a school, eliminates all envy and competition in the matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing is not to be belittled by a wealthy person who wears expensive quality clothing. Those persons conveniently ignore such critical concepts as freedom of choice, motivation, and individuality. If all persons were to wear the same clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of foods. When this happens, all incentive to improve one’s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had?

Uniforms also hurt the economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Sales persons would be superfluous as well; why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry, which in turn would have a ripple effect on such industries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. One entire information and entertainment industry would collapse.

1. The author’s primary purpose in writing this passage was to ____.

A. plead for the abolishment of uniforms

B. show that uniforms are not possible in a democratic society

C. advocate stronger governmental controls on the wearing of uniforms

D. convince the reader that uniforms have more disadvantages than advantages

2. Why does the author discuss forcing everyone to buy the same car or eat the same food?

A. T o show that freedom of choice is absolute.

B. T o show that the government has interfered too much in the lives of individual.

C. T o suggest what would happen if uniforms became compulsory.

D. T o predict the way the society will be in the next few generations.

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the author?

A. The person who wears a uniform has no self-worth.

B. W earing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger concept.

C. Uniforms will hurt one entire information and entertainment industry.

D. Envy and competition are incentive to improve one’s life.

4. The word “superfluous” (Para. 3) most probably means ____.

A. indispensable

B. available

C. surplus

D. supplementary

5. The next paragraph in this passage might discuss____.

A. the positive effects of wearing uniforms

B. more negative effects of wearing uniforms

C. alternative to wearing uniforms

D. the legal rights of those not wishing to wear uniforms

Passage two

W estern airliner manufacturers seem to be tripping over themselves in their eagerness to sign collaborative agreements with Asian partners as a low-cost route to developing new airliners. Their potential Asian partners seem to be tripping over themselves to sign such

agreements，as a low-cost route to acquiring new airliner technology. If they are not careful the two sides will end up tripping over each other：the one by selling its birth-right for short-term gain，the other by trying to break into a market which isn‘t big enough to sustain it.

T echnology transfer works in a growing market，where the aspirations of the new

entrant receiving that technology can be met through expansion. The airliner market is not such a device.

Even the most optimistic projections of airliner sales for the next 20 years show that airliner manufacture can only be profitable if a small number of aircraft builders share the available

sales. It follows that if new manufacturers come into the market and take sales，their sales must come from substitution，not expansion.

Given the complexity of today‘s airliners，it is unlikely that any new entrant will have

both the financial and technical resources to come into the market without the involvement of

an established manufacturer. In the short term，such involvement may not be to the exclusive benefit of the new entrant：most of the established manufacturers are searching for ways to reduce costs of manufacture.

In the short term，，it can be of benefit to an established W estern manufacturer to have

either components of complete air – frames made or assembled in lower-wage economics such a China，T aiwan or Korea，while retaining the design，development and marketing

of aircraft for itself. It would be a very unwise W estern manufacturer which did not heed the fact that these developing economies are acquiring skills （like computing ）at least as

quickly as they are acquiring skills in metallbashing.

The danger comes when the new entrant no longer needs the established W estern partner because it has acquired the technical and intellectual ability to design and build its own aircraft. An Asian partner may well find itself in the happy position of having the low-cost

labour base，the high-cost technology base and the vital financial base to build a new airliner.

6. The author‘s attitude towards W estern/eastern collaboration can be depi cted as ________.

A. positive

B. progressive

C. conservative

D. negative

7. “The airliner market is not such a device ” means that the airliner market _______.

A. does not encourage technology transfer

B. is too limited to offer chances of success

C. requires hi-tech rather than unaccepted devices

D. is full of competitions even for new entrants

8. Established manufacturers search for partners in order to _______.

A. save the cost of the airframe

B. improve some aircraft components

C. save the cost of labour

D. develop new technology

9. According to the author，a wise established manufacturer should ______.

A. try to benefit from both financial and technical resources

B. break up his partnership with the East once profits are made

C. keep a tight told over hi-tech development and marketing of airliners

D. collaborate with Asian partners for a short time

10. The word “base” in the last paragraph represents_______.

A. a production place

B. the initial operation of building aircraft

C. a research institute

D. a position where to start building

VII. Translation.

A. Directions: Translate the following Chinese sentences into English.

1. 但他最为痛恨的还是他自己，因为他眼见着自己的有生之年，除了赢利而带来一时陶醉之外，都在毫无意义地白白流逝。

2. 当然，这种对他人、对自己以及对自己的产品所怀有的憎恨和轻蔑，多半是无意识的，只是偶尔上升到意识中来，但也因憎怒过甚而一闪而过。

3. 人只要不剥削他人，就得靠劳动来求生存。不论其劳动方式是多么原始，多么简单，仅凭从事生产性劳动这一事实，就足以使人超出动物界。把人定义为“从事生产的动物”是很有道理的。

4. 离异正在改变美国儿童的生活。第二次世界大战后的一代人中，百分之八十以上的儿童都在亲生父母身边长大。今天只有半数是如此。

5. 她心地善良，待人和气，性格温柔，举止高雅，为人大方。

B. Directions: Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.

1. Even if our menus were not written in French out of snobbery, the English we used in them would still be Norman English.

2. W e observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change.

3. And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe, the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.

4. The hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air.

5. As the corpse went past the flies left the restaurant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but they came back a few minutes later.

VIII. Composition.

Directions: Write an essay entitled Global Shortage of Fresh Water of at least 200 words. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.