当前学术翻译的若干问题及其新机遇
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当前学术翻译的若干问题及其新机遇
作者：孙秋云， 黄健
作者单位：华中科技大学社会学系
刊名：
编辑之友
英文刊名：Editors' Friend
年，卷(期)：2014(2)
本文链接：https://www.360docs.net/doc/8e4577866.html,/Periodical_bianjzy201402007.aspx
商务英语翻译：商务英语五大实用翻译技巧
商务英语翻译：商务英语五大实用翻译技巧商务英语是为国际商务活动这一特定的专业学科服务的专门用途英语，所涉及的专业范围很广，并具有独特的语言现象和表现内容、文体复杂。商务英语翻译要求翻译者具备丰富的商务理论和商务实践知识，为了提高翻译质量，翻译者必须具备一定的自身条件： 第一，翻译者的汉语功底要好 很多人容易忽视这一点，认为汉语是自己的母语，应付翻译中的问题应该是绰绰有余的。然而，在真正的翻译过程中，常常为了一个词语或者一个句型，冥思苦想了半天也得不到一个满意的结果。由此可见，汉语表达能力和对汉语理解能力的大小直接影响翻译的好坏。下功夫学好汉语，打好汉语基础对于翻译是十分重要的。 第二，英语语言能力要强 全面的语法知识和大量的词汇量缺一不可。如果只有大量的词汇量，而没有较好的英语语法知识，翻译过程中译者的理解肯定是错误百出，牛头不对马嘴。因此，我们要提高在英汉翻译中对于英文句子理解的准确性及汉英翻译中英文表达的准确性。 第三，知识面要广 商务英语翻译中要很好的做到这一点，就要掌握商务理论和贸易实务等理论知识及贸易实践经验。同时译者还要具有丰富的百科知识，对天文地理、古今中外不说通晓，至少也要了解其中的一些基本知识。没有一定的常识，即使语言水平再高，也是难以胜任翻译工作的。
以下介绍的是商务英语中主要的五大实用翻译技巧： 一、一词多义 同一个词，由于语境不同，其词义可千差万别。 例： 1、They cannot obtain credit at all in the trade. 他们生意信誉已荡然无存。 2、They have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China,London. 他们已从伦敦中国银行开立了有关信用证。 同一个词credit，而在不同的语境中，意思大有不同。 二、词类转译 词类转译是国际商务翻译中常见的译词技巧。常见的有名词与动词、介词与动词的互相转译。 例： 1、Before the payment of these tariffs, the imported goods will bein the custody of the customs. 交关税前，进口货物由海关保管。( 由于语法限制，只有用名词形式，但译成汉语时，”payment”译作“交”) 2 、We should advise you to get in touch with them for your requirements. 建议你方与他们取得联系，洽购所需商品。 三、词义引伸
英语专业综合教程2课后翻译答案
Unit1 1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。 Thanks to advanced technology, the film about the ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2. 在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来。（devastate）That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived. 3.他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。 The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake. 4．那场大地震中，我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命。（leave behind） In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives. 5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才完成。 The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money. 6. 1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。（meet up with） In 1980, when I met up with her, she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree. 7.这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。 It was my first visit to New York, but I managed to find my way to the little firm. 8.在电影界要达到顶峰时非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。 It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director Xie Jin did it. Unit2 1. 如今很多爱慕虚荣的年轻人，尽管还不富裕，但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。（vain, be obsessed with） Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. 2．当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后，他们的婚姻终于破裂了。（affair, fall apart） Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3.那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感，在农村住了三年，放弃了生活上的许多享受。(inspiration, deny oneself something) For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life. 4．我不知道明天去崇明岛的远足活动能不能成行，因为这要取决于会不会下雨。(excursion, at the mercy of) I’m not sure if we can have the excursion to Chongming Island tomorrow. It is
各种奖项、证书的英文翻译
各种奖项、证书的英文翻译
各种奖项、证书（七大类） 一、国家及校级奖项、称号 国家奖学金 National Scholarship 国家励志奖学金 National Encouragement scholarship 三好学生标兵 Pacemaker to Merit Student 三好学生 Merit Student 学习优秀生 Model Student of Academic Records 突出才能奖 Model Student of Outstanding Capacity 先进个人 Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student 优秀工作者 Excellent staff 优秀学生干部 Excellent Student Cadre 优秀共青团员 Excellent League Member 优秀毕业生 Outstanding Graduates 优秀志愿者 Outstanding Volunteer 先进班集体 Advanced Class 优秀团干 Outstanding League Cadres 学生协会优秀干部 Outstanding cadres of Student Association 学生协会工作优秀个人 Outstanding Individual of Student Association 精神文明先进个人 Spiritual Advanced Individual 社会工作先进个人 Advanced Individual of Social Work 文体活动先进个人 Advanced Individual of Cultural and sports activities 道德风尚奖 Ethic Award 精神文明奖 High Morality Prize 最佳组织奖 Prize for The Best Organization 突出贡献奖 Prize for The Outstanding Contribution 工作创新奖 Prize for The Creative Working 团队建设奖 Prize for The Team Contribution
学术综合英语英语填空题翻译Unit 3
Unit3 Traffic Vocabulary Development [P80-81] A: 1.They asked him to leave. In other words, he was fired. 他们让他离开。换句话说，他被解雇了。 2.The United Nations troops enforced a ceasefire in this area. 联合国军队在这片区域实行了停火。 “实行”修改成“执行”，“停火”修改成“停火协议” 联合国军队在这片区域执行停火协议。 3.The amount will be paid to everyone regardless of whether they have children or not. 无论他们是否有孩子，金额都将支付给每个人。 “金额无法支付” 无论他们是否有孩子，支付给每个人的金额是相同的。 4.Your paper does not address the real issues. 你的论文没有解决主要的问题。 5.How many vehicles were involved in the crash yesterday? 昨天的车祸有多少辆车相撞。 “相撞”修改成“涉及” 昨天的事故涉及多少辆车。 6.She felt an anxiety bordering on hysteria. 她感到焦虑接近歇斯底里的状态。 7.The new technology can be applied to farming. 新的技术能够应用于农业。 8.What do these results suggest to you? 你对这些结果有什么意见? “意见”修改成“建议” 这些结果对你有怎样的建议？ 9.He has six previous convictions for theft and burglary. 他有六个前科有关于偷盗和入室抢劫的前科。 删除了结尾的前科（重复的名词） 他有六个前科有关于偷盗和入室抢劫。
国际商务英语翻译
1.国际贸易一般指不同国家当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素。因而比国内贸易要复杂的多。International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. It involves mort factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business. 2.随着经济一体化进程的发展，很少人和公司能完全独立于国际商务之外而存在。因此，在此方面具有一定的知识是十分必要的，这既有益于企业的发展，又有益于个人的进步With the development of economic globalization, few people or companies can completely stay away from international business. Therefore, some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement 3.其他参与国际贸易的形式有管理合同，承包生产和“交钥匙”工程。 Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing, and turnkey project 4.国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现，即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口到另一国进行消费或转售。International business first took the form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. 5.除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国际市场的一种方式 Besides trade and investment, international licensing and franchising are some times taken as a means of entering a foreign market. （二） 1.国民生产总值和国内生产总值是表明一国收入的两个重要概念，区别在于前者强调的是生产要素的所属权而后者着重于进行生产的国家。 GNP and GDP are two important concepts used to indicate a country's income. The difference between GNP and GDP is that the former focuses on ownership of the factors of production while the latter concentrates on the place where production takes place 2.要估评某一市场的潜力，人们往往要分析其收入水平，因为它为那里居民的购买力高低提供了线索In assessing the potential of a market, people often look at its income level since it provides clues about the purchasing power of its residents. 3.世界各国被世界银行分为三大领域，高收入国家、中等收入国家和低收入国家 Countries of the world are divided by the World Bank into three categories of high-income, middle income and low income 4.中国现在的年人均收入为1100 美元以上，但几年前它还是个低收入国家。 China with an annual per capita income of over $1100 is a middle income country though it was a low income country just a few years ago. 5.就中国来说，周围还有其他应特别关注的市场，如亚洲四小虎，东盟国家，俄罗斯等国，这些国家都具有前景看好的市场潜力，能为中国提供很好的商机。As far as China is concerned, other markets we should pay particular attention to are those around us: the Four Tigers, the ASEAN countries, Russia, etc. Those are countries with very promising market potential and can offer good business opportunities to China. （三） 1.过去的几十年，地区经济一体化越来越严重。 The past decades witnessed increasingly growing importance of regional economic integration. 2 经济联盟的成员国不仅要在税收、政府开支、企业策略等方面保持一致，而且还应适用同一的货币。 The members of an economic union are required not only to harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies, etc, but also use the same currency. 3 欧洲委员会是欧盟的管理机构之一，此机构将提议呈交给部长理事会做决定，并监督各成员国根据所制定的条约履行自己的义务。The European Commission is one of the governing organs of the EU. It is the body which puts proposals to the Council of Ministers for decision and sees that the members carry out their duties under the treaty 4APEC 建立与在澳大利亚首都堪培拉召开的一次部长级会议上。当时有12 位成员国出席，分别是澳大利亚、美国、加拿大、日本、朝鲜、新西兰和东盟六国。APEC was set up at the Ministerial Meeting held in the Australia capital Canberra attened by 12members of Australia，the united states，canada，japan，republic of korea，new zealand and six ASEAN countries. 5 著名的自由贸易区是北美自由贸易区，它是由美国、加拿大和墨西哥于1991 年建立的。 The most notable free trade area is the North American Free Trade Area, the largest free market formed by the United States, Canada and
综合英语教程4第三版课后翻译答案
综合英语教程第三版4 邹为诚主编 第二单元p37 1.玛丽看到一个贼眉鼠眼的男人走进邻居家里。shifty Mary saw a shifty-eyed man walking into a neighbor’s house. 2.鲍勃总是嘲笑我对服饰的眼光。sneer at Bob always sneers at my taste in clothes. 3.打探别人的秘密是不礼貌的。pry It is impolite to pry into other’s secrets. 4.我想克里斯想要抢我的饭碗。be after sth I think Chris is after my job. 5.她看到克里斯给他使的眼色，说话的声音便越来越小了。trail off She trailed off, silenced by the look Chris gave her. 6.那些树枝干而易断。brittle The branches were dry and brittle. 7.收音机老是发出噼里啪啦的声响，我们几乎听不清里面说些什么。crackle The radio cracked so much that we could hardly hear what was said. 8.地面向海倾斜。slope The land slopes down to the sea. 9.他的口袋里鼓鼓囊囊的塞满了钞票。bulge His pockets were bulging with money. 10.我不得不和出租车司机就车费讨价还价。haggle I had to haggle with the taxi driver over the fare. 第三单元p58 1. 这样的好机会千载难逢。once in a blue moon An opportunity as good as this arises/occurs only once in a blue mo on. 2. 这个孩子因为私自拿了母亲包里的钱而觉得十分愧疚。guilty of The boy felt guilty for taking money from his mother’s handbag with out permission. 3. 她知道他的话一句真的也没有。give credence to She did not give credence to a single word of his story. 4. 一般来说，老师对学生的错误都比较宽容。be tolerant of Generally speaking, teachers are tolerant of their students’ mistakes. 5. 我想当然地以为你会跟我们一起来，于是就给你买了票。take… for granted I took it for granted that you’d want to come with us, so I boug ht you a ticket. 6. 由于经理的不断劝导，工作人员很快就改掉了迟到的坏习惯。break the habit Thanks to the manager’s repeated counseling, the staff soon broke th e bad habit o f comin g late to work. 7. 他现在对她发火，但不久会原谅她的。这只是几小时的事，仅此而已。a matter of, that’s all He’s furious with her now, but he’ll forgive her soon. It’s just/ only a matter of a few hours, that’s all. 第四单元p78
证件翻译大全--开户许可证英文翻译样本
证件翻译大全--开户许可证英文翻译样本 Permit for Opening Bank Account Ren Yin Hu Guan Zheng Zi ( ) No. 0000109 Name of depositor: Fujian Pingtan XXXX Factory Bank Account: 01810264 Nature of proprietorship: 00109 Business scope: Legal representative: XX XX Reference No. of Business License: 15494363-4 Identification Code: 15494363-4 Through examination, the depositor complies with the requirements for opening an account; please let it be allowed to open an basic account in our bank.
Seal of the bank: People’s Bank of China, Pingtan Branch (Sealed) (1) Seal for management of the account Oct. 26th, 1995 Through the examination of the People’s Bank of China, it is hereby approved that the basic account shall be opened in Pingtan Branch of People’s Bank of China Seal of the issuing bank: Oct. 26th, 1995 Instructions for opening account I. The units, individuals and the banks, credit cooperatives can not open a basicaccount without this permit. II.The permit includes the original and duplicate. The original is issued to theapplicant; the duplicate is kept in the bank for file. III.If the depositor removes the basic account, this permit shall be returned. IV.Permit for Opening Bank Account is compiled by the Bank of China. No forgery, alteration or copy is allowed.
学术综合英语(罗立胜)1-6单元课文翻译
human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through language we share experience, values, exchange ideas, transmit knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to sense of reality by giving meaning to events. 在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。我们用语言来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识，传承文化。事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。——语序的调整。 Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker?s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately. 好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。词语是演讲者演讲的重要“武器”，具有特殊的用途，这和任何其他的工作技艺没什么两样。作为演讲者，必须知道词语的具体含义，也要懂得如何做到用词准确、清晰、生动、适当。 Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately to a accountant. Never use a word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in the dictionary. As you prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, “What do I really want to say? What do I really mean?” Choose words that are precise and accurate. 演讲者准确地使用语言和会计准确使用数字是一样重要的。确定词意后再措词。如果不确定，请先查词典。当你在准备演讲的时候，要不断地问自己：“我到底要说什么？我到底想表达什么意思？”用词一定要精准。 Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this [by using familiar words （that are known to the average person and require no specialized background）; by choosing concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter]. 用词清晰可以让听众迅速理解你的意思（抓到你的点）。要做到这一点，就要尽量使用一般人都熟悉的不需要专业知识就能懂的词语；多用具象词汇少用抽象词汇；还有要减少口误。 Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way (to make your speech vivid)|is through imagery，or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and metaphor. Simile is an explicit comparison between things （that are essentially different yet have something in common）; it always contains the words “like”or “as”. Metaphor is an impli cit comparison between things that are different yet have something in common; it does not contain the words “like” or “as”. 生动地用词能让演讲鲜活起来！比喻，这种能产生文字图像的修辞，可以使演讲达到生动的效果。比喻要用具象的语言，分为明喻和隐喻。 明喻是指在本质上有区别但仍然有相同点的事物之间做一个明确的比较，一般句中会含有“像”或“似”。隐喻则是一种隐藏的比较，不会出现like 和as 这些连接词。 Another way to make your speeches vivid is by exploiting the rhythm of language. Four devices for creating rhythm are parallelism, repetition, alliteration, and antithesis. Parallelism is the similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words, phrases, or sentences. Repetition is the use of the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences. Alliteration comes from repeating the initial constant sounds of close or adjoining words. Antithesis is the juxtaposition of
各类食品的英文翻译
麻油鸡汤：sesame chicken soup 排骨酥汤：spareribs soup 榨菜肉丝汤：Szechuan cabbage & pork soup 蛇羹(汤)：snake soup 甜点 爱玉：vegetarian gelatin 糖葫芦：tomatoes on stick 芝麻球：glutinous rice sesame ball 长寿桃：longevity peach 麻花：hemp flower 双胞胎：horse hooves 杏仁豆腐：almond tofu 豆花：uncongealed tofu 点心 小笼包：small steamed bun 豆沙包：smashed (red) bean bun 水饺：boiled dumpling 蒸饺：steamed dumpling 水晶饺：pyramid dumpling 年糕：new- years hard rice cake 元宵：full- moon dumpling (glutinous rice ball) 月饼：moon cake 茶叶蛋：boiled egg in tea 咸鸭蛋：salted duck egg 皮蛋：preserved egg (100-year egg) 凤梨酥：pineapple cake 锅贴：fried dumpling 蚵仔煎：oyster omelet 油豆腐：oily tofu (bean- curd) 臭豆腐：stinky tofu 甜不辣：tenpura 虾球：shrimp ball 春卷：spring roll 鸡卷：chicken roll 碗糕：salty rice pudding 筒仔米糕：rice tube pudding 红豆糕：red bean cake 萝卜糕：fried white radish cake 绿豆糕：bean paste cake 猪血糕：pork blood cake 芋头糕：taro cake 糯米糕：glutinous rice cake 肉圆：Taiwanese meatball (rice-meat dumpling) 当归鸭：angelica duck 加工食品 牛肉乾：dried beef 豆乾：dried tofu 冬菜：spiced cabbage 肉脯：fried pork crisps 肉松：crushed dried pork 面筋：flour gluten 豆瓣酱：broad bean paste 辣椒酱：chili sauce 泡菜：pickled vegetables (pickles) 榨菜：pickled mustard root 香肠：pork sausage 豆腐乳：preserved bean-curd (bean-curd cheese) 酱瓜：pickled cucumber 酱姜：soy-preserved ginger 萝卜乾：dried turnip 肉类及海鲜： 猪肉pork 猪排chop 五花肉streaky pork/marbled beef 肥肉fatty meat 瘦肉lean meat 前腿fore leg
英语专业 综合英语翻译句子答案
1.Our big old house was closely related with the joys and sorrows of four generations. 2.I planted these roses a long, long time ago before your mother was born. 3.Many sons left home to fight against the Fascist Nazi. 4.Take the first friendly greeting and always keep it deep in your heart. 1.He has prepared answers to the questions that he expects to confront during the interview. 2.His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.The two of them are walking hand in hand along the river bank, chatting, laughing, and looking happy. 4.When he heart the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years. 7.He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated requests to further her education abroad. 8.We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday. 9.Although we have parted from eah other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we did in the past. 10.At that critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics which would make it possible to conquer the enemy. Unit 2 1.A gracious manner adds the greatest splendour to your image. 2.I firmly believed the note my guest sent me didn’t take long to write. 3.The simple phrase “Excuse me.” made most of your irritation disappear. 4.Being on time is a virtue which belongs not only to the past but also to the present. 5.Y ou shouldn’t accept the other person’s presence without thinking of its importance. 6.Good manners produce the same feelings or actions in others. 1.I am sorry I am late; I was at a meeting and couldn’t get away. 2.At the concert whnever a singer finished singing a beautiful song, the audience would burst into loud cheers to show their appreciation. 3.As a stylish dresser, she is always wearing stylish clothes, but she seldom cares about what she eats or drinks. 4.The nurse tells me that the doctors have done wonders for your heart disease. 5.When awarding the prize, the chairman complimented the winner on his great contribution to mankind. 6.This problem has bothered the experts for many years. 7.The crowd of demonstrators melted away when the police arrived. 8.Since punctuality is a good habit, we should pay much attention to it and make great efforts to cultivate this good habit. 9.The old man cherishes that girl, as if she were his own daughter. 10.It is just a routine physical checkup, nothing to get worried about.
食物海鲜英文翻译
水果类（fruits）： 火龙果pitaya 西红柿tomato 菠萝pineapple 西瓜watermelon 香蕉banana 柚子shaddock （pomelo）橙子orange 苹果apple 柠檬lemon 樱桃cherry 桃子peach 梨pear 枣Chinese date （去核枣pitted date ）椰子coconut 草莓strawberry 树莓raspberry 蓝莓blueberry 黑莓blackberry 葡萄grape 甘蔗sugar cane 芒果mango 木瓜pawpaw或者papaya 杏子apricot 油桃nectarine 柿子persimmon 石榴pomegranate 榴莲jackfruit 槟榔果areca nut （西班牙产苦橙）bitter orange 猕猴桃kiwi fruit or Chinese gooseberry 金橘cumquat 蟠桃flat peach 荔枝litchi 青梅greengage 山楂果haw 水蜜桃honey peach 香瓜，甜瓜musk melon 李子plum 杨梅waxberry red bayberry 桂圆longan 沙果crab apple 杨桃starfruit 枇杷loquat 柑橘tangerine 莲雾wax-apple 番石榴guava 肉、蔬菜类（livestock家畜）： 南瓜（倭瓜）pumpkin cushaw 甜玉米Sweet corn 牛肉beef 猪肉pork 羊肉mutton 羔羊肉lamb 鸡肉chicken 生菜莴苣lettuce 白菜Chinese cabbage （celery cabbage）（甘蓝）卷心菜cabbage 萝卜radish 胡萝卜carrot 韭菜leek 木耳agarics 豌豆pea 马铃薯（土豆）potato 黄瓜cucumber 苦瓜balsam pear 秋葵okra 洋葱onion 芹菜celery 芹菜杆celery sticks 地瓜sweet potato 蘑菇mushroom 橄榄olive 菠菜spinach 冬瓜（Chinese）wax gourd 莲藕lotus root 紫菜laver 油菜cole rape 茄子eggplant 香菜caraway 枇杷loquat 青椒green pepper 四季豆青刀豆garden bean 银耳silvery fungi 腱子肉tendon 肘子pork joint 茴香fennel（茴香油fennel oil 药用）鲤鱼carp 咸猪肉bacon 金针蘑needle mushroom 扁豆lentil 槟榔areca 牛蒡great burdock 水萝卜summer radish 竹笋bamboo shoot 艾蒿Chinese mugwort 绿豆mung bean 毛豆green soy bean 瘦肉lean meat 肥肉speck 黄花菜day lily （day lily bud）豆芽菜bean sprout 丝瓜towel gourd (注：在美国丝瓜或用来做丝瓜茎loofah洗澡的，不是食用的) 海鲜类（sea food）： 虾仁Peeled Prawns 龙虾lobster 小龙虾crayfish（退缩者）蟹crab 蟹足crab claws 小虾（虾米）shrimp 对虾、大虾prawn （烤）鱿鱼（toast）squid 海参sea cucumber 扇贝scallop 鲍鱼sea-ear abalone 小贝肉cockles 牡蛎oyster 鱼鳞scale 海蜇jellyfish鳖海龟turtle 蚬蛤