文体学

艾米莉狄金森是世纪美国文学史上最具独创性的诗人之一。她和沃尔特惠特曼齐名，被誉为本世纪意象主义运动和现代主义创作的先驱。狄金森的诗歌简洁微观内省，内容丰富，主题包括生命永恒爱情自然和死亡等，表现了她强烈的思想情感诗风既纤细又典雅，基调既感伤又幽默，具有惊人的完整性和独创性。我死的时候听到苍蝇的嗡嗡声被认为是狄金森描写死亡的代表作它从一个已死去的人的角度回忆死前的一刻，我躺在床上，呼吸渐渐变紧，等待上帝降临来带走我的灵魂，但只听到一只苍蝇沮丧的嗡嗡声，在我生命的最后一刻挡在了我和光线之间，阻断了我和尘世的唯一联系，也打破了人们对宗教的一切幻想下面将分别从音韵拼写句法和语义四个层面进行该诗歌进行赏析.

Emily Dickinson is one of the most outstanding poets in the USA literature history. She was honored as the forerunner of the Imagist Movement and Modernism. Dickinson's poetry is simple, micro intrapersonal and rich in content, her topics include life, eternal love, nature and death, which express her thoughts and feelings. the style of her poetry is slender and elegant, tone is sentimental and humorous with the integrity of the amazing and originality. When I die I heard a fly buzz is the representative work of Dickinson .it from a dead angle memories before death moment, I lay in bed, breathing becomes tight, and waiting for God to take away my soul, but only heard a fly of depression hum, at the last moment of my life in between me and the light, cut off the only contact me and earthly, has broken the people on religious illusions. the following will separately from the phonetic spelling of syntactic and semantic four aspects the poetry appreciation

一音韵特征

狄金森的诗歌打破了传统抑扬格和五步格律的束缚，采用了一种前所未有的形式，赋予美国文艺方面的独立性。本诗广泛的运用了普通格律，即通过单数诗句抑扬四步格以及双数诗句抑扬三步格的交替转换，如第一节中的

她还采用了斜韵，即不工整韵，这是一种相对现代的创作观念如在第一二节中，第二四行的

看上去几乎没有押韵，但在音节上能很好的构成斜韵这两小节的韵脚都是，最后的押韵词全部转调到辅音上以这种微妙的韵律结尾，留下了一连串

令人难以捉摸的隐隐嗡嗡声，给读者以强烈的感受

A phonological features

The poetry of Dickinson breaks the shackles of traditional iambic rhythm and the five step, and employs a hitherto unknown form, giving independence on American literary aspects. This poem is widely used in the common meter, namely through the alternation of singular verse iambic four step and three step lattice dual verse iambic lattice, such as the first day of

She also uses oblique rhyme, rhyme is not neat, and this is a relatively modern creative concept such as in the first two sections, second rows of four

Looks almost no rhyme, but in the syllable can be very good. The two section oblique rhyme is rhyme; the last of all transferred to the consonant with this subtle rhythm at the end, leaving a series elusive faint hum, give the reader a strong feeling

二拼写特征

狄金森的另一个独特之处在于拼写方式别具一格大胆运用破折号和大写，达到突出意想强化诗意的效果，来袒露她内心世界中跳跃起伏的思维轨迹和难以名状的情感波涛此诗一共四小节，每节的一三四行都巧妙的使用了破折号，从而减缓了整个诗的节奏并提供了有意

使我复杂细腻的内心感受跃然纸上，显示出别具一格的诗意和无限的艺术感染力一些词的大写如

等同时也表达了具体而直接的存在及象征的指代

Two features of spelling

Another unique thing about Dickinson is her own spelling; she boldly used dashes and capital, to highlight the strengthening effect of intent of poetic thinking track, to expose her inner world in jumping undulating and indescribable emotion. This poem consists of four sections, each section of the one, three and four row is cleverly used the dash, thereby slowing the whole poem rhythm and provides meaningful interval.

So I complex delicate feelings stand vividly revealed on the paper, shows have a style of one's own poetic and unlimited artistic influence some words in written as

At the same time also expressed the existence and the symbol of concrete and direct means

三句法特征

并列和省略是狄金森锤炼诗句的两种主要方法塞谬尔列文曾指出，语言的精炼和含蓄是诗歌和普通语言之间的三大区别之一。诗人们所刻意省去的词语往往无法从诗歌的深层结构中得到恢复，从而产生了意义上的空白，构成了诗歌语言和普通语言间的最大差异为了诗句的简练及节奏，诗人在创作中经常采用省略，这些省略可以使诗歌格律整齐音韵铿锵，从而避免了冗长繁复，使主题鲜明突出，增强诗歌的效果在这种情况下，由于狄金森按照传统的诗歌格律可以毫不费力地恢复那些被省略了的词语在此诗中，她适时的省略了一些意义隐含的代词，并从结构和意义上为诗歌平添了一层朦胧色彩她还很熟练的运用并列连词来连接简短的句子，将抽象的意象和实质化物体联系在一起来建构她自己的审美世界在最后一节的后两句中，她用连接了两个短句，创造了多元化的视角，使整个结构语法合理，语义清晰

Three syntactic features

Coordination and ellipsis are the two main methods of Dickinson temper verse. Samuel Levin said, refined and subtle of language is one of the three major differences between poetry and common language. Poets have deliberately omitted words often not from the deep structure of poetry restoration, resulting in a blank sense; constitute the largest difference between the language of poetry and the common language. for concise and rhythm of poetry, poets often use ellipsis in the creation, and the ellipsis can make poetry and rhythm neat and strong, and to avoid the lengthy and complexity, and makes the theme outstanding, and enhances the poetic effects. in this case, because Dickinson can easily restore those omitted the word in this poem according to the traditional poetry, she timely omitted some pronouns with implied sense, and added hazy colors from the structure and meaning of poetry. She was also very skilled in using coordinators to connect the short sentences, contact the abstract images and real objects together to construct her own aesthetic world .after the two in the last chapter, she joined the two phrases, created the multiple angle of view, so that the whole structure of grammar is reasonable, and semantics is clear.

在这首诗里，一些词尤其是大写的名词都带有象征意义例如：light象征着生命和天堂，而king则代表着张开双臂迎接死者的上帝还有眼睛是心灵的windows如果windows failed ，那么我被留在永远的黑暗中，即死亡然而，使我无法看到光明的是一只苍蝇，它的存在取代了上帝的地位，模糊了我的视线，分散了精神注意力，以至于我再也不能觉察到那些清晰地显现在她脑海里的东西此外，苍蝇这个意象通常和吸附在死尸上的蛆虫联系在一起，虽然我能在死前把能分的东西赠送给周围的人，但除了等着苍蝇的吞食，慢慢腐烂外无能为力为了突显死亡的意义，我传达了一个绝望的视角：当我们憧憬着来世时，没有一个人即使是垂死的人能证明它的存在通过运用象征，狄金森在意象和想法之间建立了大胆的联系，死亡时的情景连同说话者对死亡和来世的认识一起构成被广泛公认的死亡时刻的意义的讽刺逆转因此，达到了惊人和阴暗的效果Four semantic features

In this poem, some words, especially capitalized nouns have symbolic meanings, such as:light is a symbol of life and heaven, while King is represented with God who opens arms to greet the dead people and the eyes are the windows of the soul, if the windows failed, so I was left in darkness forever, death yet, so it is a fly that makes me can't see brightly. it has replaced the status of God, blurred my sight, scattered mental focus, so that I could not perceive those clearly in her mind. In addition, the image usually flies and adsorption in the dead worms together, although I the things to be divided by giving to the people around before death, but wait to fly slowly decaying swallowed, and incapable of action in order to highlight the meaning of death, I delivered a desperate visual angle: when we look forward to the afterlife, no one even dying man can prove its existence by use of symbolism, Dickinson established the bold connection between the images and ideas, death scene together with the speaker's understanding of death and the afterlife together constitute the extensive public That moment of death meaning ironic reversal therefore, alarming and dark effect

五结语

狄金森的诗歌主题与形式独特新颖，语言表达简练直白，诗歌格律自由，情调自然，读起来让人感到清新脱俗。上述只是艾米丽狄金森独特的诗歌语言的一个侧面，她的诗歌语言不拘一格，悖离语言常规，这为读者解读其诗歌设置

了障碍，然而，通过从文体学角度对狄金森诗歌进行分析，就能更好地理解诗人大胆的思绪和毫无拘束的表达方式，便于读者更好的领略狄金森的诗歌的神韵

Five conclusion

The theme and form of Dickinson's poetry is unique, and language is concise and straightforward, style of poetry is free and natural, reads makes people feel fresh and refined. The above is just a side of Emily Dickinson's unique poetic language, her poetry language not to stick to one pattern, deviating from the conventional language, which is set to the readers reading his poem

The barrier, however, through the poetry of Dickinson from the perspective of stylistics analysis, expression can better understand the poet bold thoughts and speak freely, for the readers to better appreciate the charm of Dickinson’s Poetry