翻译硕士专业考试样题

北京外国语2009年翻译专业硕士(笔译)考试真题

I. Translate the following passages into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet. (50 points-25 points x 2)

Passage 1 In Defense of Translation

by Howard Goldblatt (葛浩文)

How’s this for an occupational testimonial: “There is no such thing as a good translator. The best translators make the worst mistakes. No matter how much I love them, all translators must be closely watched。”

Who are these people everyone loves to hate, and, if they're so bad, how do they get away with what they're doing?

Well, I confess: I'm one of them. I'm a translator。

…

I am sometimes asked why I translate, since to many it seems a thankless vocation. Why, they ask, don't I write my own novels, since I have lived (they assume) an interesting life and must by now have an idea of what a novel should be? I can only say that not all translators are closet novelists, and that I do not consider translation to be a lesser art -- one that ought to lead to something better. The short, and very personal, answer to the question is: Because I love it. I love to read Chinese; I love to write in English. I love the challenge, the ambiguity, and the uncertainty of the enterprise. I love the tension between creativity and fidelity, even the inevitable compromises. And, every once in a while, I find a work so exciting that I'm possessed by the urge to put it into English. In other words, I translate to stay alive. The satisfaction of knowing I've faithfully served two constituencies keeps me happily turning good, bad, and indifferent Chinese prose into readable, accessible, and -- yes -- even marketable English books. Tian na! (276 words)

Passage 2

Downsizing in Vogue

In recent years corporate downsizing has been on the rise throughout the world. Downsizing is reducing costs by dismissing employees and reassigning their duties to the employees who remain. They usually call it restructuring, rightsizing, reallocating resources, or job separation. They sometimes use dieting metaphors like "trimming the fat," "getting lean and mean," or "shedding weight." Whatever the euphemism, employees affected by these practices know what the words mean to them: layoff. And no "kinder, gentler" words can do much to alleviate the anxiety and distress that come with losing a job。

In their quest to lower costs to stay competitive, companies often wield the ax with little or no regard for the well-being of the people involved. For example, in the past years AT&T have dismissed thousands of managers and employees through downsizing, though many of these people have twenty or more years of loyal employment with the firm. Industry analysts assert that if organizations wish to consider themselves responsible, ethical corporate citizens, they must demonstrate concern for their employees, even when they have to tell them they are no longer employed. (183 words)

II. Translate the following two short passages into English and write your translation on the answer sheet. (50 points-25 points x 2)

Passage I

读《大学》，谈“道”“德”

学风问题关乎国家命运——《大学》讲的就是大学风，其可贵之处在于将学风问题与治国实践相联系。“古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国”：欲治其国，先正其心；正其心，当先正学风。学风不正，无以修身，无以齐家，最终是无以治国平天下。(108字)

Passage 2

文化——交流不可替代的载体

交流中最常见绊脚石——文化差异。典型事例是一美国代表团出访中国山东。行程结束前，尽管美方对中方的热情接待“非常感谢”，但他们并不忘了提出抗议——“我们不能喝酒，为什么非要我们喝呢？而且还要把我们喝趴下。”美国人直言这样的过分热情即“侵犯人权”。

再就是礼仪上的丢分。法国某大企业总裁直言不讳我们领导目中无人：“你们的领导是接见我们，还是接见你们的翻译？我再不想见你们这位团长了。”原来，“我们的领导”与对方交流时自始至终眼盯翻译，甚至两次握手也眼盯别处。没有目光交流的会谈使该总裁受到从未有过的伤害。于是经济合作就这样失去了，太亏了。不雅不当的国人习性，如吃东西出声，公共场合大声喧哗，不注意个人卫生，禁烟区吸烟，妨碍交通，打探隐私，抢话……如果说这些在国内是小事一桩，那么，跨出国门即外交无小事，正所谓细节决定成败。(354字)

III. Essay Writing. (50 points=25 points x2)

1. English writing: On behalf of School of English, Beijing Foreign Studies University, write

a letter to the prospective students for MTI programme, focusing on its strength, benefits for future of career development and possible challenges students may face. (Around 200 words)

2. 中文写作：描述一个完整的翻译过程并进行解释或评述。(200字左右)

北京外国语2009年翻译专业硕士(笔译)考试真题

I. Translate the following passages into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet. (50 points-25 points x 2)

Passage 1 In Defense of Translation

by Howard Goldblatt (葛浩文)

Who are these people everyone loves to hate, and, if they're so bad, how do they get away with what they're doing?

Well, I confess: I'm one of them. I'm a translator。

…

Passage 2

Downsizing in Vogue

II. Translate the following two short passages into English and write your translation on the answer sheet. (50 points-25 points x 2)

Passage I

读《大学》，谈“道”“德”

Passage 2

文化——交流不可替代的载体

III. Essay Writing. (50 points=25 points x2)

1. English writing: On behalf of School of English, Beijing Foreign Studies University, write

a letter to the prospective students for MTI programme, focusing on its strength, benefits for future of career development and possible challenges students may face. (Around 200 words)

2. 中文写作：描述一个完整的翻译过程并进行解释或评述。(200字左右)

翻译硕士考试《英语翻译基础》样题

I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with o ne pint for each. (30’) 1. APEC 2. ASEAN 3. CFO 4. CPI 5. EMS 6. FBI 7. GPS 8. IPO 9. NATO 10. International Monetary Fund 11. most favored nations 12. Intellectual Property Rights 13. Certified Public Accountant 14. European Free Trade Association 15. International Atomic Energy Agency 16. 按揭贷款17. 保健食品18. 保税区19. 不正之风20. 春运21. 第三产业22. 法制国家23. 国际惯例24. 货到付款25. 亏损企业26. 减员增效27. 联合兼并28. 留职停薪29. 特别提款权30. 市场准入

1. APEC

2. ASEAN

3. CFO

4. CPI

5. EMS

6. FBI

7. GPS

8. IPO

9. NATO

10. International Monetary Fund

11. most favored nations

12. Intellectual Property Rights

13. Certified Public Accountant

14. European Free Trade Association

15. International Atomic Energy Agency

16. 按揭贷款

17. 保健食品

18. 保税区

19. 不正之风

20. 春运

21. 第三产业

22. 法制国家

23. 国际惯例

24. 货到付款

25. 亏损企业

26. 减员增效

27. 联合兼并

28. 留职停薪

29. 特别提款权

30. 市场准入

II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respective ly. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chi nese, its target language is English. (120’)

Source Text 1:

A physician starts playing a harsh mental tape in her head every time a new patient ca lls: What if I make the wrong diagnosis? I’m a terrible doctor. How did I get into medic al school? An ex ecutive loses his job despite 25 productive years, he tells himself: I’m a loser. I can’t provide for my family, and I’ll never be able to do it again. If these real-li fe examples sound familiar, you may have a caustic commentary running in your head, to o. Psychologists say many of their patients are plagued by a harsh Inner Critic—including some extremely successful people who think it’s the secret to their success.

An Inner Critic can indeed roust you out of bed in the morning, get you on the tread mill (literally and figuratively) and spur you to finish that book or symphony or invention. But the desire to achieve can get hijacked by harsh judgment and unrelenting fear. Unrele nting self-criticism often goes hand in hand with anxiety, and it may even predict depressi on. Self-criticism is also a factor in eating disorders, and body disorder—that is, preoccu pation with one’s perceived physical flaws. Many people’s Inner Critic makes an appearan ce early in life and is such a constant companion that it’s pa rt of their personality. Psych ologists say that children, particularly those with a genetic predisposition to depression, ma y internalize and exaggerate the expectations of parents or peers or society. One theory is th at self-criticism is anger turned inward, when sufferers are filled with hostility but too afr aid and insecure to let it out. Other theories hold that people who scold themselves are a cting out guilt or shame or subconsciously shielding themselves against criticism from others: You can’t tell me anything I don’t already tell myself, even in harsher terms.

Techniques from cognitive behavioral therapy can be helpful in changing patterns of tho ught that have become painful. There are many patients, such as doctors, lawyers—who b elieved that if they didn’t flog themselves, they wouldn’t be successful. And part of psych ologists’ work is to break through that belief by telling the patients that they usually succ eed in spite of their Inner Critics, not because of them. (360 words)

【Key words】

depression 抑郁症cognitive behavioral therapy 认知行为疗法

Source Text 2:

农业是多哈谈判的核心。发达国家和发展中国家都面临压力，但富国和穷国的压力是不同的。在全球26亿农民中，发展中国家有25亿，而且大多数处在贫困状态。即使发展中国

家有雄心、有诚意去推进贸易自由化，也不能不顾及几千万甚至几亿农民的基本生计。如果让那些已处于贫困线上的农民遭受更大的冲击，将引发灾难，届时发达国家也不得安宁。因此，应立即给予最不发达国家免关税、免配额的待遇，应该给予发展中国家“特殊产品”和“特殊保障机制” 的待遇。

在推动世界贸易自由化的过程中，关键是要照顾大多数，要让广大发展中成员能跟上前进的步伐。因此，要给予所有发展中成员特殊和差别待遇，并力争在香港会议期间就棉花等问题作为阶段性成果达成共识。让发展中成员“早期收获”，获得看得见、摸得着的好处，才能增强多数成员对多哈谈判的信心。（344 words）

【关键词】

多哈谈判the Doha Round negotiations 免配额quota-free

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贵州财经大学2018年硕士研究生入学考试《翻译硕士英语》试题B卷 PART I VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR (30%) Directions: There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1.Textile is the chief source of wealth in this area, wool _____ by far the biggest industry. A. being B. been C. be D. is 2.His remarks were _____ annoy everybody at the meeting. A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to 3.Have you ever been in a situation ____ you know the other person is right yet you can’t agree with him? A. by which B. that C. in where D. where 4.The soccer player is believed _____ of transferring from his present club to another. A. that he is thinking B. to be thinking C. that he is to think D. to think 5.He was _______ to her birthday party. A. more than pleased to come B. pleased more than to come C. more pleased than to come D. more than pleasing to come 6.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____ so formally. A. need not have dressed up B. must not have dressed up C. did not need to dress up D. must not dress up 7.So badly ____ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months. A. did he injure B. injured him C. was he injured D. he was injured 8.When you have finished with that video tape, don’t forget to put it in my drawer, _____? 第 1 页共8 页

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