复合句——状语从句
状语从句
状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。
从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号
1、时间状语从句：
引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：when, while, as, whenever, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, once,the moment, immediately, n o sooner…than, hardly…when, by the time, every time, last time…等引导。
*when, as, while （从属连词）
when即可引导持续性动作，又可引导短暂性动作。它可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。如：
When I was a boy, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.（同时）
When the lesson was over, we began our writing.（从句动作在前）
as引导持续性动作，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。
He hurried home, looking behind as he went.
I saw your sister as she was getting on the bus yesterday.
He sang as he walked
While：指的是“在某一时间里”，“在… 期间”，从句里的动作必须是持续性的，它也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比。如：
While he was in London, he studied music.
While we were watching TV, he was writing a composition.
当when, as, while表示“在…一段时间里”，主从句的动作同时发生时，可以换用。如：While (When或As) we were discussing, Mr. Smith came in.
*when 可表示“如果”。如：
Don?t be afraid of asking for help_____ it is needed.
A. Unless
B. since
C. although
D. when
当When和while为并列连词，while表示对照的意思。When 表示“这时，突然…”
1)I do every single bit of housework____ my husband Bob just does the dishes now
and then.
A. since
B. while
C. when
D. as
2) He was about to tell me the secret____ some one patted him on the shoulder.
A. as
B. until
C. while
D. when
*till和until
①如果主句谓语动词是持续动词，通常用肯定式的主句，表示“直到…为止”。如：
I worked till (until) he came back.
例：We were told that we should follow the main road _until_we reached the central railway station.
②如果主句谓语动词是瞬间动词，则用否定式的主句表示“直到…才”。
如：I didn?t go to bed until (till) he came back.
③放在句首表示强调时一般用until。如：（倒装）
Until he returns, nothing can be done.
Not until all the fish died in the river ___ how serious the pollution was.(NMET95)
A.did the villagers realize
B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize
D. didn?t the villagers realize
其他引导词例句：By the time he was fourteen, he had taught himself advanced mathematics.
Each time he came, he would call on me.
Y ou must show him in immediately he comes.
I recognized him the moment I saw him.
*as soon as, hardly…when…no sooner…than…区别
这三个短语都有“一……就”、“刚刚……就”的意思，它们的意思非常相近，因此有时可以互换。例如：
“我刚到公共汽车站，汽车就开了。”一句，就可以有如下几句译法：
As soon as I got to the bus stop, the bus started.
Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started.
No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.
但他们之间也有一些差异，例如，如果从两件事情的间隔时间来说，as soon as 较长，no sooner...than
居中，hardly...when 间隔时间最短。其它的一些区别见下面，请大家在运用的时候要留意。
1、as soon as它的意思相当于“A事情发生以后，就做B这件事”。
在句子中的位置比较灵活，而且可以用于各种时态。例如：
2、no sooner…than它的意思相当于“刚做完A这件事，就做B这件事”。例如：
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house.
他一回来就买了一套房子。
如果no sooner 位于句首，主句要用倒装结构。例如：
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
他刚到就又走了。
No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily.
运动会刚开始，天就下起了大雨。
有一点要注意，no sooner…than 一般用来描述做过的事情，它不能用于表示将来的事。3、hardly…when...它的意思是“几乎未来得及做完A这件事，紧接着就开始B这件事。”
使用这个短语时，一般用于过去完成时；并且when有时可改用before。例如：
He had hardly finished the article when the light went out.
他刚写完文，灯就熄了。
He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house.
他还未安顿下来，就卖掉了那所房子。
另外，如果把hardly放于句首，主句要用倒装结构即谓语动词要提前。如：
Hardly had I finished eating when he came in.
我刚吃完他就进来了。
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
她还没走出家门，就有一个学生来看望她。
2\地点一般有where或wherever引导
例句：Go back where you came from. Wherever you go, you must write to your parents. Where there is a will, there is a way.
3、原因状语从句一般由because, as, since, now that引导
注意：①在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用as或since，如：
It was because he was ill that he didn?t go with us.
②because可以引导表语从句,而as, since不可以，这时状语一般都是it, this, that
It?s because he is too lazy.而不能用It’s as ….
③for也表示“因为”，但是并列连词，它连接的不是状语从句，语气比较强。
It must be morning,for the birds are singing.
4\目的状从通常由that, so that, in order that, so…that, lest, in case（以防、免得）等引导：He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
I explained again and again in case he should misunderstand me.
I told him the truth so that he can aviod being cheating.
5\结果状从由that, so that, so…that, such…that引导
It was very cold, so that the river froze.
There were so many people (=such a lot of people) in the room that we could not get in.
He made such an excellent speech that every one admired him.
Such和so的区别：略
1) John may phone tonight. I don?t want to go out ____ he phones.
A. as long as
B. in order that
C. in case
D. so that
2) The WTO cannot live up to its name ______ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
A. as long as
B. while
C. if
D. even though
3) The men will have to wait all day ____ the doctor works faster.
A. if
B. unless
C. whether
D. that
4) ____you can call me to say you?re not coming, I?ll see you at the theatre.
A. Though
B. Whether
C. until
D. Unless
5) Y ou will succeed in the end______ you give up halfway.
A. even if
B. as though
C. as long as
D. unless
6) ____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though
B. Unless
C. As long as
D. While
7) --- How far apart do they live?
--- ____ I know, they live in the same neighborhood.
A. As long as
B. As far as
C. As well as
D. As often as
8) ____ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.
A. As long as
B. As far as
C. Just as
D. Even if
6、条件：由if, unless, so/as long as (只要), so/as far as, in case (that) (如果，万一)等引导：If plastics and rubber are burned, they give off poisonous gases.
Unless you work hard, you will fail
Y ou can go out, as long as (so long as ) you promise to be back before eleven.
In case I forget, please remind me about that.
As far as I can tell , the whole thing should cost about $500. （只要）
As far as 就。。。而言as long as 远达例：
7、方式状从as, as if, as though引导：
The teacher told the students to do as he did.
Leave it as it is.（保持原样）
He heard a noise, as if someone was breathing.
*as if和as though意义和用法大致一样，引导的从句多用虚拟语气，但也可用陈述语气。He treats me as if I were his own son.
He walked as if he were drunk.
8、比较状从由连词as…as, not so(as) …as, than等引导：
I hope it was as good as the one you lent me.
He can?t run so fast as she.
注意：“the+比较级(接从句)，the+比较级(接主句)，这一句型也归在比较状语从句内。如：The more you study, the more you know. The harder we work, the happier we feel.
9、让步状从由though, although, as (虽然尽管), even if, even though, wh-ever, no matter-wh, whether引导.
1) Though he is old, yet he is active.
2) Although most of the people agreed, some were not willing to accepted.
3) W e wouldn?t lose hear t even if we should fail ten times.
4) Whenever (=no matter when) you call on me, you are always welcome.
5) Wherever (no matter where) you work, you can always find time to study.
6) T ake the one you like best, whichever (no matter which) it is.
7) Whethe r he comes or not, we?ll discuss the problem this afternoon.
注意：
（1）让步状语从句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有时还可以插在主句中间，前置时，强调主句内容，后置时强调从句内容。
（2）though与although同义，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化；后者较正式，多放于句首，不能与but连用，但可以与yet, still等连用，用来加强语气。Though ( Although ) he was tired, yet (still) he went on working.
3）as, however引导让步状语从句时从句部分语序要部分倒装。如：
Y oung as he is, he can read and write in several foreign language. （表语提前）
Y ou should report any incident, however serous or minor it is. （表语提前）
Child as he was, he had to support the family.
（表语名词提前并常省去冠词）
Try as she might, Sue couldn?t get the door open.（动词提前）
We …ll have to finish the job, however long it takes.
I really want the car, however much it costs.(副词提前）
1) ____, I have never seen anyone who?s as capable as John.
A. As long as I have traveled
B. Now that I have traveled to much
C. Much as I have traveled
D. As I gave traveled to much
2) Mr. Hall understands that ____ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. A. unless B. since C. although D. when
3) --- Dad, I?ve finished my assignment.
--- Good, and _____ you play or watch TV, you mustn?t disturb me.
A. whenever
B. whether
C. whatever
D. no matter
4) Y ou can eat food free in my restaurant____ you like.
A. whenever
B. wherever
C. whatever
D. however
5) Y ou should try to get a good night?s sleep____ much work you have to do
A. however
B. no matter
C. although
D. whatever
Y ou should see to it that all the lights must be turned off before you leave.你应该负责离开时
所有的灯都关掉.
中考英语语法-连词与状语从句
中考英语词汇语法专项训练篇 连词与状语从句 一、单项选择（共25小题；共25分） 1. The foreign woman can't speak French Japanese. A. so B. nor C. but D. or 2. It's four years I came to Shanghai. A. before B. when C. since D. as 3. It was a nice meal, a little expensive. A. though B. whether C. as D. since 4. John fell asleep he was listening to the music. A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as 5. You'd better do it your mother did. A. when B. as C. like D. because 6. We have been good friends we joined the same ping-pong team. A. after B. before C. since D. until 7. Help others whenever you can you'll make the world a nicer place to live in. A. and B. or C. unless D. but 8. I hardly knew anything about it you told me. A. since B. after C. until D. when 9. --- How do you like this skirt? --- It's beautiful and it fits me well, I like it very much. A. but B. for C. so D. since 10. --- What do you think of the book Harry Potter? --- I like it very much. It's interesting exciting. A. neither; nor B. not; but C. not only; but also D. either; or 11. Mary was riding her bicycle to the park she was hit by a car. A. when B. after C. until D. since 12. Study hard, you won't catch up with your friends. A. but B. or C. and D. so 13. You should make a good plan you do anything important. A. after B. though C. before D. until 14. My grandfather is very old, he never stops learning. A. than B. though C. but D. unless 15. Henry's mother his father speaks English. They both speak Chinese.
主从复合句
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高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句
第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一，在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查，在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下： 核心考点01考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and,both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or,either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but,yet,while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for，so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 5.when作并列连词的用法
when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb.was doing sth.when... ②sb.was about to/going to do sth.when... ③sb.was on the point of doing sth.when... ④sb.had just done sth.when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 6.while作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴，而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知，第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you. 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or
初中英语复合句
初中重点语法 从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。（参见以下各条） 3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法： (1) 表语从句：在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。 例如：That is why he did not come to school yesterday. / It is because you are so clever. (2) 宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。 ①基本形式：（主句＋）连词+从句主语+从句谓语+... ②关于宾语从句连词的选择： 若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略; 若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether; 若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等) 例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将 代替人类。) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster.(我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在 哪儿能搞到那样的药。) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? ) ③宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时； 如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。如：I think I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。) / The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。) ④下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待： be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,如：I’m sorry I’m late. (对不起,我迟到了。) / I’m afraid he isn’t in at the moment. (恐怕他此刻不在家。) (3) 状语从句：在复合句中作状语,其位置可以在主句前或主句后。状语从句可以分为时间、地点、原因、 目的、结果、比较、让步、条件等几种。状语从句由从属连接词引导。 时间状语从句通常由when ,as ,while, after, before, since, as soon as ,since, till (until), while, whenever 等引导。时间状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该 用现在时替代。如：When you finish the work, you may go out to play with Sam. (你完成工作就可 以出去和Jim一起玩了。) / I won’t leave until Mum comes back. (妈妈回来了我才会走。) 地点状语从句通常由where, wherever等引导。如：Go back where you came from! (哪里来还滚到哪里去！) / I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever he may be. (我永远也不会 忘记去抓住那个偷我项链的贼,无论他会在哪里。) 原因状语从句通常由because, since, as等引导,一般放在句首或句尾。如：He went abroad because his father had found a good university for him. (他出国了,因为他父亲给他找了一所好大学。) 目的状语从句通常由so that..., so...hat..., in order that...等引导,往往放在句尾,从句中通常含有can / could / may / might等情态动词。如：He got up earlier so that he could catch the first train. (他起身 更早为的是赶上第一班车。) 结果状语从句通常由so that..., so...that... 等引导,放在句尾。结果状语从句一般表示已经发生的事情,故多为过去时态。如：He lost so many bikes that he decided never to buy a new one. (他丢了那么多 辆自行车,他决定再也不买新车了。) 比较状语从句通常由as, than, as (so)...as等引导,一般省略从句的谓语部分,只剩下名词或代词(用主格或宾格均可)。如：Jane is much taller than I/me. (Jane比我高多了。) / I don’t have as many books as you (do). (我书没有你多) 让步状语从句通常由though (although), as, even if( even though), however, whatever等引导。如：Even if you pay the debt(债务) for me, I will not thank you because it has nothing to do with me. (即使你替 我还了债我也不会感谢你,因为它与我毫无关系。) / He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold. (他穿 了一件T恤衫,尽管天很冷。)
状语从句连词总结
状语从句连词总结 1 时间状语从句： when当……时候 while 当……时候（动词只能是延续性动词） as当……时候（经常表示一边……一边……） after/before在……之后/之前 until/till直到……（即某一持续性行为持续到某一时间点） since/ever since自从……（即子某一时间点以来，常用完成时态或完成进行时） 名词性短语the time the moment the minute the day the year the first/second time each time每次every time每次next time下次any time在任何时候whenever不管什么时候 by the time到……时候（即指到某一时间点为止，主句常用完成时态） 一……就……as soon as once immediately directly instantly 还没来得及……就……hardly……when no sooner……than as long as长达…… 非时间状语从句：动词ing形式；at……形式；on doing/on sth形式 2地点状语从句 where在哪里，在什么地方 wherever无论在哪里 anywhere无论何处everywhere 到处，处处nowhere 无处，任何地方都无 to/in/from the place（s）where或to/in/from any place where 3原因状语从句 because（语气最强）因为，多置于主句之后 as（语气最弱）因为，多置于主句之前 since语气较弱，常表示对方已知的事实，相当于“既然” now （that）既然 for the reason that因为（that引导的是同位语从句，先行词为reason） in that由于某种原因，多用于书面语 seeing that因为，鉴于 4目的状语从句 in order that以便 so （that）为了 for fear that惟恐，以防 in case以防万一有某种情况发生 5结果状语从句 so （that）所以 so……that……结构 such……that……结构
主从复合句-完整版
主从复合句 一宾语从句 用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句在句中起宾语作用，它可以用作动词的宾语，也可以做动词的宾语，也可以做介词、不定式、分词、动名词以及某些形容词（如：sure, glad, pleased, certain, afraid, surprised, satisfied 等）的宾语，宾语从句可以由连词that, whether, if;代词who, whose, what, which和副词when, where, how, why等引导。 他想他过几天就会好了。 I think (that) he’ll be all right in a few days. 你知道他们在等谁吗 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for 他问那是谁的字典。 He asked whose dictionary it was. 注意老师说的话。 Pay attention to what the teacher said. 1.宾语从句在句中的位置 （1）作宾语的从句。如： I heard that he joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么事。 （2）作介词的宾语。如： Our success depends upon/on how well we can cooperate with one another.我们的成功在于我们彼此能够很好的合作。 She is worried about whether her mother can come on time. 她在担心妈妈是否能按时来。 （3）作形容词的宾语。 I’m afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.我恐怕我犯错误了。 类似的形容词还有：anxious, aware, certain, confident, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, pleased, hurt, satisfied等。 （4）it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中，如： 他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English. 注意：有些动词后不能跟that从句作宾语，这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive 等。 2.宾语从句的引导词 （1）当宾语从句是由陈述句转化而来时，由that 引导，这时that在宾语从句中无意义，不充当任何成分，常省略。如： I know (that) you have met him. 我知道你曾经见过他。 He told me that he was wrong.他告诉我他错了。 I don’t believe he has finished his work.我相信他还没有完成他的工作。
(九) 复合句——状语从句
（九）复合句——状语从句 (九) 复合句——状语从句 说明: 所有相关复合句的综合练习将出现在“从句综合练习”章节 考点归纳 1. 状语从句的类型: 时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语 从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句 2. 时间状语从句: ⑴ 连接词及固定搭配: when, while, as, since, after, before, until / till, once, each time, every time, any time, whenever, as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, hardly / scarcely / barely / rarely … when / before, no sooner … than, just as, directly, immediately, instantly, shortly after, soon after, it won ’t be long before, by the time, it ’s the first time that, it ’s … since, the first time, the last time ⑵ as soon as 与hardly … when 等结构都能表示“一……就……”，但两者的时态不同；前者一般主从句均为一般时态，表示一般情形遵从主将从现原则；后者一般主句为过去完成时，从句为一般过去时，且在句首引起倒装 ⑶ 特殊地，可用the minute, each time, the first time 等名词或名词短语充当连接词引导时间状语从句，该类词称为边际从属连词 3. 地点状语从句可由where, wherever 引导，前者指特定地点，后者为无特定地点 4. 原因状语从句: ⑴ 可由because, since, now that, as, in that 引导，注意for, so, with + n . + 宾补结构 ⑵ 现代英语中，because 与for 都可引导原因状语从句，且都能表示“直接理由”与“间接理由”，如It must be very late, for the streets are quite deserted. (间接理由) 上句中的for 实也可替换为because ，只是在两者同时存在时，使用for 语势较弱，更显出说话人的推断的不确定性，说明说话人的推断略显主观臆断 ⑶ 在表述直接理由时，because, since, as 从句位置既可在主句前，也可在句尾；而for 则只能位于主句后；此外，because 可回答why 问句，because 前可加入诸如simply 的修饰语，because 从句也可作为强调句的强调部分，这些场合下because 不能替换为for ；若because 也表述的是间接理由，则其位置只能在主句后 5. 条件状语从句的连接词及相关搭配: if, unless ( if … not), on condition that, given that, as / so long as, suppose that, even if, even though, provided that, in case, lest, given that, considering that, since, now that 等 6. 目的状语从句可由that, in order that, so that, for the purpose that, in the hope that 等作连接词或 固定搭配，常与情态动词连用 7. 结果状语从句: ⑴ 连接词及固定搭配: that, so … that, such … that, so that 等 ⑵ such 修饰名词，so 修饰形容词或副词，such / so 结构类似于what / how 的固定结构；当 such 修饰可数名词单数时可将其与so 结构互换；若such 修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时则无法互换 ⑶ 当many, few, little, much 表多少修饰名词时只能用so ；若little 不表多少，且修饰可数名词单数时只能用such 8. 让步状语从句: ⑴ although, though, as, while, even if, even though, however, whatever, no matter 系列等 ⑵ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(也可不倒装)，作用相当于as (必须倒装)，此时though 不能与although 替换；though 与although 都不能与but 并存，却能与yet 并存；as 引导让步状语从句时，倒装形容词、副词及无冠词的名词；只存在even though ，而无 *even although ；though 也可作连接性状语，而although 不可，如He said he would come; he didn ’t, though . ⑶ -ever 系列与no matter 系列的区别(见前) 9. 比较状语从句(见第一章，此略) 1 2
状语从句类型及相似连词的用法区别
一、状语从句分类及常用连词： 类别连词 状语从句when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc. 状语从句where,wherever 状语从句because, since, as, for, now that, etc. 状语从句so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc. 状语从句in order that, so that, that, etc. 状语从句if, unless, as(so)long as, etc. 状语从句though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc. 状语从句as…as, so…as, than, etc. 状语从句as, as if, as though, etc. 二、相似连词的用法区别 1.when, while, as, while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，切不可用瞬间动词。 when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。 as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。 when, while后可以接分词短语。 2.because, as, since, for 语气位置意义 because最强前或后“原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“”as较强前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由since较弱前“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由for最弱后“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由 注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。 3.so that, so…that, such…that so that“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。 so…that “如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.so+形／副＋that 2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that 3.so＋manymuch＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that such…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that 2.such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that
并列复合句与主从复合句
并列复合句与主从复合句 一、并列复合句“二步”学习法 并列复合句（简称并列句）与主从复合句（简称复合句）的区别是：并列句用并列连词连接两个或两个以上的句子，并表示句子与句子之间的并列关系。复合句是一个完整的句子，用连接词连接的从句充当句子的某一个成分，是主从关系。 试比较： Come here early , and you will see our manager . （两个句子之间是并列关系，没有从属关系，所以是并列复合句） If you come here early , you will see our manager . （句中If引导的条件状语从句和后面的主句有主从关系，从句从属于主句，所以是主从复合句） 二、掌握并列复合句的连词 并列句的连词由单个连词和连词词组两部分组成。 1、由and ,but ,or/or else , so , for 等并列连词把连个简单句连接起来而成为 并列复合句。 2、由并列连词词组连接成的并列复合句。常用的并列连词词组有not only …but also …. , either…or…, neither …nor…, not…but…, both…and…, as well as…等等
三、主从复合句“二步”学习法 主从复合句中的从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句等6种。前四种均相当于一个名词的作用-----名词性从句。 名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句 第一步、掌握复合句的结构 以下采用线条和图示的方法介绍复合句的结构： 说明： 主句：_________________ 从句：﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 连接词： 1.主语从句的两种结构： ①连接词﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍谓_________________ Who are the winners hasn’t been announced . ②It谓_________________ 连接词﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ It hasn’t been announced who are the winners . 主语从句是整个句子作主语，他可以放在主句的谓语动词之前（结构①），但多数情况是it做形式主语（结构②），而把主语从句放在主句之后。如果主语从句太长，显得笨重，这是我们就采用结构② 这种it作形式主语的主从复合句有以下几种结构： ①It is ＋ n. ＋ that … ②It is ＋ adj. ＋that… ③It is ＋过去分词＋从句
语法——并列句和状语从句
第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本结构是“+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一，在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查，在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下： 核心考点01考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet, while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for，so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 作并列连词的用法
when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb. was doing sth. when... ②sb. was about to/going to do sth. when... ③sb. was on the point of doing sth. when... ④sb. had just done sth. when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而, 却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐, 而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴，而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017 北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知，第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you.? 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or
(完整版)状语从句在复合句中作状语
状语从句在复合句中作状语， 修饰动词、形容词或副词等。 状语从句可以表示时间、 条件、原因、 地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 各类状语从句连接词(短语)一览 表： 时间 条件 If, unless 原因 As, because, since 地点 Where 目的 So that, in order that 结果 So that, so …that, such …that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较 than, (not)as … as, 时间状语从句： Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 条件状语从句： As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 原因状 语从句： Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather. 由于我们住在海边 地点状语从句： Put it where we can all see it. 把它放在我们都能看到的位置。 当……时候#, 但用法有区别 : ① when 意为#在……时;当……时#,可表示#点时间#或#段时间#,从句谓语可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词。 例如: When I got home, he was having supper . ② as 意为#边??…边……#或#与??…同时#,重在表示两个动作同时发生。伴随进行。 as 从句是终止性动词时，主句通常 也必须是终止性动词。例如 : They sang as they danced. ③ while 只可表示#段时间#,从句谓语只限于延续性动词。例如 While I was sleeping, my father came in. 注:从句谓语是持续性动词时，when 、while 和as 可以互换？主?从句谓语都是终止性动词时，when 与as 可互换？从句谓 语表示状态时 , 通常用 while 。 2. 引导原因状语从句的连词 原因状语从句一般由 because ， since ， as ， for 引导?注意 as ，because ，since 和 for 的区别 : ① 如果原因是构成句子的最主要部分 ，一般用because 。because 引导的从句一般不放在句子的开头。例如 ： when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before 他每次来都带个朋友。 只要我活着， 我就要学习。 ，能享受到好的天气。 目的状语从句： Finish this so that you can start another. 结果状语从句： He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 让步状语从句： Though he is in poor health, he works hard. 方式状语从句： Students do as the teachers say. 比较状语从句： The work isn't as easy as I thought. 状语从句的考查点 状语从句是中考词汇和句法部分考查的重点内容之一。 法。现就主要考查点简述如下 : 1.引导时间状语从句的连词 主要有 when, while, as, by the time, before, after 把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。 他气得说不出话了。 虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。 学生们按照老师说的去做。 这项工作比我想象得难。 在复习状语从句时 ,主要任务是弄清楚引导各种状语从句的连词的用 , since, till/until, as soon as 等。其中 when?while 和 as 都可表示 #
将下列带定语从句的主从复合句变为简单句
将下列带定语从句的主从复合句变为简单句： 1.The young woman who works in his office used to be a housewife. 2.The boat suddenly struck a rock that was covered by mud and sand. 3.John was always the last student that left the classroom after school. 4.If only I had two lives that I could lay down for my dear motherland！ 5.He made his way through the people who were curious to see the murderer. 6.We badly need some people who are able to do the job successfully. 7.I met a strange old woman who carried a big umbrella in her hand. 8.The policeman examined the chair which stood against the wall. 9.I once visited the house where the president once lived and worked for four years. 10.I have never been to the village where my grandparents once lived 11.They often think of the days when they lived happily together on the island. 12.Spring is the season when t he parks are always full of happy children 13.The reason is his own affair. Why will he stay in the country for more days ? 14.Can you give us one good reason ? Why should you give up studying music ?
语法 并列句和状语从句
第12讲并列句和状语从句 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一，在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查，在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下： 核心考点01 考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet, while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词
表示因果关系的连词有for，so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 5.when作并列连词的用法 when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb. was doing sth. when... ②sb. was about to/going to do sth. when... ③sb. was on the point of doing sth. when... ④sb. had just done sth. when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 6.while作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而, 却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐, 而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin.