2017考研英语新题型复习指导

2017考研英语新题型复习指导

对于任何一门考研科目来说，真题都是考研复习的必备资料。以考研英语真题为例，同学们除了研究各个题目的考点设置之外，更重要的是整理背诵历年真题中所涉及的固定搭配。而背诵真题中的词汇和固定搭配，一方面有利于更好的把握长难句解析，另一方面对于考研英语写作也很有帮助。以下是尚考考研通过整理历年考研英语真题新题型中的部分段落，进而发现的一些精彩搭配，同学们可参考背诵。

【真题再现】(2011，英语二)

Porfessor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: “If children are taught about the impact that food had on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front.”

He also urged councils to impose “fast-food-free zones” around schools and hospitals—areas within which takeaways cannot open.

A Department of Health spokesperson said: “We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new‘responsibility deal’ with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this.”

The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking over the last decade.

【精彩搭配】

1. “information is available up front”：预先要有一些信息可供参考;

2. “impose “fast-food-free zones” around schools”：在学校周围设置“无快餐区”;

3. “create a new vision for public health”：开创一个公众健康的新景象;

4. “all of society works together to get healthy and live longer”：全社会共同努力争取健康长寿;

5. “publish a white paper setting out X”：公布一份白皮书来阐述X;

6. “back such radical moves”：支持这些激进行为;

7. “the call to use some of the tough tactics”：采取强硬做法的呼吁;

8. “deploy against smoking”：抵制吸烟;

接下来，我们就可以把好的搭配应用到写作当中：Only through the effective measures can we create a new vision for domestic market;In order to have a sound and good external environment and get healthy and live longer, all of society works hard

together;government should impose zero-pollution-free zones around natural scenic spots。

【真题再现】(2011，英语二)

Stephenson suggested potential restrictions could include banning TV advertisements for foods high in fat, salt or sugar before 9 pm and limiting them on billboards or in cinemas. “If we were really bold, we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes—by setting strict limits on advertising, product placement and sponsorship of sports events,” he said.

Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald’s, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering “inducements” such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.

【精彩搭配】

1. “ potential restrictions could include ”：潜在的限制措施包括...;

2. “ ban TV advertisements for foods high in fat, salt or sugar ”：禁止播放高脂肪、高盐、高糖食物的电视广告;

3. “ set strict limits on something ”：严格限制某事;

4. “ product placement ”：植入式广告;

5. “offer “inducements” such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit ”：提供玩具、可爱小动物、手机积分等‘诱饵’;

6. “lure young customers”：引诱青少年顾客;

同样地，我们继续把这些固定搭配应用到考研英语写作的练习中，例如，以2011年的英语一的大作文为例：It is necessary for governments and relevant administrations to set strict limits on littering wrapping paper and garbage;再以2009年的英语一写作为例，In order to avoid the disadvantages brought by internet and technology, governments and relevant administrations should formulate potential restrictions could include promoting people to communicate with others as much as possible。由此可见，新题型真题不仅可以作为考研新题型模块的练习材料，还可以作为考研词汇和固定搭配的素材，同时考生也可以把出现在新题型文章中的长难句整理出来作为语法练习的材料。

【真题再现】(2011，英语二)

“Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government’s role in promoting public health by demanding that ministers impose “fat taxes” on unhealthy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet.

The demands follow comments made last week by the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.”

【精彩搭配】

1. “Leading doctors”：leading 是领导的，主要的意思，那么相应的leading doctors 就要相应的解释为“知名医生”;

2. “weigh in on the debate over...”：在关于...的讨论中发表意见;

3. “Government’s role in promoting public health”：政府在促进公众健康中的作用;

4. “ministers impose ‘ fat taxes ’on unhealthy food”：政府对不健康的事物征收“肥胖税”;

5. “introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet”：以禁烟式警告的方式警诫儿童不良饮食的危害;

6. “force people to make healthy choices”：强迫人们做出健康的选择;

7. “promised to free businesses from public health regulations”：承诺使企业不受公共卫生法规的限制;

在节选的2011年的英语二新题型的段落中，考生除了对搭配进行有意义的记忆外，也可以适当地应用到考研英语写作的练习中。例如，将第五个搭配应用到2011年的考研二大作文的写作中：Government should introduce the warnings to the domestic auto executives about the dangers of a large amount of market share of foreign automotive。同时，考生也可以利用第三个搭配：Government should play the role in promoting the advantage of domestic cars and imposing higher taxes on foreign automotive。

【真题再现】(2011，英语二)

“Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet that is what we have now. Are we willing to be just as courageous in respect of obesity? I would suggest that we should be,”said the leader of the UK’s children’s doctors.

Lansley has alarmed health campaigners by suggesting he wants industry rather than government to take the lead. He said that manufactures of crisps and candies could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign, the centerpiece of government efforts to boost healthy eating and fitness. He has also criticized the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver’s high-profile attempt to improve school lunches in England as an example of how “lecturing” people was not the best way to change their behavior.

【精彩搭配】

1. “it would have been inconceivable to do sth”：做某事是根本无法想象的;

2. “in respect of obesity”：当涉及到肥胖问题时;

3. “the leader of the UK’s children’s doctors”：英国儿科医生的领军人物;

4. “alarm health campaigners by suggesting”：警示健康人士某事

5. “the centerpiece of government efforts”：政府的核心工作

6. “boost healthy eating and fitness”：大力宣扬健康饮食和健身运动

7. “high-profile attempt to improve school lunches”：改善学校午餐的高调行为;

接下来，我们就可以将这些固定搭配应用到考研英语写作的练习中，考生可以这样来：it would have been inconceivable to ignore the conveniences brought about by science and technology;it would have been inconceivable to place too much emphasis on the conveniences brought about by science and technology;The leader of a corporation should boost team spirit and awareness, and make a high-profile attempt to improve the quality of employees.

【真题再现】(2011，英语二)

But senior medical figures want to stop fast-food outlets opening near schools, restrict advertising of producers high in fat, salt or sugar, and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers such as McDonald’s.

They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain’s addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or excessive drinking.

【精彩搭配】

1. “Senior medical figures”：资深的医学专家;

2. “stop fast-food outlets opening near schools”：取缔学校附近的快餐店;

3. “restrict advertising of producers high in fat, salt or sugar”：限制宣传高脂肪、高盐分和高糖食品的广告;

4. “limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers”：限制快餐品牌资助体育赛事;

5. “government action is necessary to curb”：政府有必要采取行动抑制...;

6. “Britain’s addiction to unhealthy food”：英国人民对不健康食品的沉迷;

7. “halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease”：遏制急剧上升的肥胖症、糖尿病和心脏病发病率;

8. “be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or excessive drinking”：视作与吸烟或酗酒同样具有破坏性的行为;

考生除了对搭配进行有意义的记忆外，也可以适当地应用到考研英语写作的练习中。例如：Senior financial figures want to limit foreign automotive outlets opening near

domestic Automobile Sales Service shop;Senior environmental protection figures want to restrict foodstuff and snack with colorful packing paper into the scenic spots and limit sponsorship of traveling events by fast-food producers and food suppliers;Government action is necessary to curb the harm and damage made by destroying environment and wasting natural resource。

【真题再现】(2011，英语二)

But senior medical figures want to stop fast-food outlets opening near schools, restrict advertising of producers high in fat, salt or sugar, and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers such as McDonald’s.

They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain’s addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or excessive drinking.

【精彩搭配】

1. “Senior medical figures”：资深的医学专家;

2. “stop fast-food outlets opening near schools”：取缔学校附近的快餐店;

3. “restrict advertising of producers high in fat, salt or sugar”：限制宣传高脂肪、高盐分和高糖食品的广告;

4. “limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers”：限制快餐品牌资助体育赛事;

5. “government action is necessary to curb”：政府有必要采取行动抑制...;

6. “Britain’s addiction to unhealthy food”：英国人民对不健康食品的沉迷;

7. “halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease”：遏制急剧上升的肥胖症、糖尿病和心脏病发病率;

8. “be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or excessive drinking”：视作与吸烟或酗酒同样具有破坏性的行为;

考生除了对搭配进行有意义的记忆外，也可以适当地应用到考研英语写作的练习中。例如：Senior financial figures want to limit foreign automotive outlets opening near domestic Automobile Sales Service shop;Senior environmental protection figures want to restrict foodstuff and snack with colorful packing paper into the scenic spots and limit sponsorship of traveling events by fast-food producers and food suppliers;Government action is necessary to curb the harm and damage made by destroying environment and wasting natural resource。

【真题再现】(2012，英语二)

This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals. Not everyone was convinced by such bombast. “The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles,” wrote Max and Engels in The Communist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles: “It is man, real, living man who does all that.” And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle.

【精彩搭配】

1. This was all a bit bourgeois：有点平庸;

2. epochal figures：划时代的人物;

3. possess higher authority：更有权威;

4. Not everyone was convinced by such bombast：并不是人人都信服这样的高调言论;

5. The Communist Manifesto：《共产党宣言》;

6. history did nothing：历史没起什么作用;

7. possess no immense wealth：没有巨大的财富;

8. wage battles：发动战争;

9. the story of the masses and their record of struggle：人民大众的故事和他们的奋斗史;

不同的文章内容必然会有与不同主题相关的搭配，因此，考生也可以将历年真题中的真题文章按照主题进行分类，这样既可以方便复习，也可以帮助考生更好的整理出与写作相关的搭配。如果将上面搭配应用到考研写作当中，那么可以这样写：Not everyone was convinced by the comments and promises made by the developers of scenic spots;The two photos show that people are enthusiastic about football stars such as the English football player Beckham who is one of the most famous epochal figure in football。

【真题再现】(2012，英语二)

“Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here,” wrote the Victorian sage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not any more it is not.

Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past: less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.

【精彩搭配】

1. “Universal history”：人类通史;

2. “be at bottom ”：实质上;

3. “have fallen out with its favourite historical form”：跳出其最喜欢的记录历史的模式;

4. “could be no more than”：可能只是X;

5. “a passing literary craze”：一时的文学热潮;

6. “approach the past”：了解过去;

7. “want empathy, not inspiration”：需要共鸣，而不是启示;

从上面两个段落中整理出来的这些搭配都是可以应用到写作练习中。因此，考生在平时的复习中需要注意整理出现在真题各个模块的搭配：Environment problem, as topics of most concern , could be no more than a general or a common issue。

【真题再现】(2012，英语二)

Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist’s personal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers, industrialists and explorers. “The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help, if patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in the formulation of truly noble and many character, exhibit,” wrote Smiles. what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself. His biographies of James Watt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.

【精彩搭配】

1. the attributes of greatness shifted：伟大的特征/定义发生了变化;

2. commemorated the leading painters and authors：赞颂杰出画家和作家;

3. the worthy lives of engineers, industrialists and explorers：工程师、企业家和探险家有意义的生活;

4. the valuable examples which they furnish：他们提供的宝贵范例;

5. patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity：坚韧的决心、不懈的努力和始终如一的正直;

6. issue in the formulation of truly noble and many character：这些品质是真正高贵和富有男子汉气魄的诠释;

7. what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself：一个人要获得成功所需具备的能力;

不难看出，在考研真题中的各个模块，考生都可以找出那些好的搭配和句子，因此，考生在复习阶段要做的就是充分利用真题来达到复习充分目的。接下来，我们一起来看一下这些搭配都能在考研英语的复习中有那些用武之地吧：Only with patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, can we achieve success and only with those attributes can our society become harmonious to live in。

【真题再现】(2012，英语二)

From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus—On Famous Men, highlighting the virtues (or virtue) of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccol ò Machiavelli turned on its head. In The Prince, he championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.

【精彩搭配】

1. the earliest days of the Renaissance：文艺复兴初期;

2. recount the exemplary lives of great men：描述伟人的典型生活;

3. highlight the virtues of classical heroes：强调古典英雄的美德;

4. Celebrate their greatness：颂扬他们的伟大;

5. conquer fortune and rise to the top：征服命运、奋斗到社会顶层;

6. turn on its head：颠覆;

7. champion cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness：宣扬狡诈、无情和无耻;

8. rather than virtue, mercy and justice：而不是正直、仁慈和公正;

由于这篇文章的主要内容是关于文学历史的，因此，这篇文章中出现了许多值得考生关注的搭配。众所周知，考研英语一的写作中经常会出现与文化相关的主题，例如2010年的英语一写作“文化火锅”及2002年的英语一写作“An American girl in traditional Chinese costume”，与文化相关的主题向来是出题人青睐的话题，因此，考生就很有必要将出现在历年真题中与文化相关的搭配整理出来，同时，考生也可以针对不同的主题进而对真题进行整理和分类。若是将写作与这些搭配完美借鉴和结合，考生定会有对考研英语复习抱有更大的学兴趣和动力。例如：therefore, the general public is supposed to enhance their awareness that culture of the earliest days of the Renaissance plays an important role in our history;were there no cultural exchanges, hardly can we taste the wonder of western cultures, even the virtue, mercy and justice of classical heroes。其实除了从新题型中选取搭配外，考生也可以将考研阅读文章作为整理考研英语搭配的素材库。尤其是英语二阅读，由于英语二的阅读文章选取多来与经济相关，考生可以从英语二的阅读中找到适用于英语二写作的搭配。

【真题再现】(2012，英语二)

As such, it needed to appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood. For:“Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted from the past.”

This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle, Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole new realms of understanding—from gender to race to cultural studies—were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed public history too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.

【精彩搭配】

1. appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations：重视经济现实、社会环境和权力关系;

2. in which each epoch stood：每个时代所处的;

3. Men make their own history：人类创造了自己的历史;

4. revolutionize our appreciation of the past：改变我们对于过去的评价;

5. In place of...：除了...

6. Nurture somebody：培养了某人;

7. A stand alongside B：A和B并存;

8. Unpick the multiplicity of lost societies：剖析过去社会的多样性;

9. Whole new realms were opened up：开辟全新领域;

10. transformed public history：改变了公共历史;

11. downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs：下层人物和上层人物同样迷人;

这篇新题型主要围绕着文化历史展开，并且词汇及搭配也都适用于写作当中。考生可以在复习的过程中，若是将上面的这些搭配应用到写作中，将会有意想不到的收获：what they have forgotten is that one day they will get old and will face the same situation as their parents are suffering who nurture them;Nowadays, interpersonal contacts appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations. As the situation was becoming increasingly serious, it is high time the whole society took some dramatic measures to reverse this evil trend。