移民类雅思写作
雅思写作的评分
雅思写作的评分标准不象四六级或托福采用整体式的评分，而是分项式评分（analytical scoring）。也就是说，考官给考生并不只打一个分数，而是根据具体的评分细则分项给分。书信或图表评分标准：Task1（书信或图表）按照以下三方面评分：Task Fulfilment（完成任务）；Coherence and Cohesion（连贯与衔接）；Vocabulary and Sentence Structure（词汇与句子结构）。
Task Fulfilment指的是考生是否能够在正确审题的基础上完成题目的指令。具体说来，书信作文应该完成书信的使命，题目里的每一项要求都不可或缺。图表作文应该在对于图表所给出的数据进行分析的基础上指出图表的总体趋势和走向，并点明与总趋势不相吻合的特殊之处，而且还要有数据的支持。
Coherence and Cohesion指的是文章通过一定的衔接手段（Cohesive Devices）来表明上下文的连贯性（Coherence）。衔接手段，或叫语篇纽带，经常用的有（logical）逻辑、（grammatical）语法和（semantic）语义三方面的连接词（connectors）。
Vocabulary and Sentence Structure指的是文章的语言表达。5分或5分以下的作文一般语法错误较多。6分作文则一般没有致命的语法错误，用词和句子基本准确。而7分以上的作文用词丰富（Variety）、句子结构复杂（Complexity）。
雅思G类备考：四招搞定书信语气
大家都知道雅思测试移民类就是G类测试，而G类测试中小作文的唯一形式就是书信，但就书信类而言，其内容就有很多种类别：包括投诉信、询问信、友情信、邀请信、道歉信、建议信、求职信、感谢信等等。如此多的书信类别，那么我们如果想要把英文书信写好，要知道在写作过程中使用的语气就很重要，这个不仅可以准确的反映出写信人与收信人之间关系，还决定了你能不能通过本次考试的关键点之一，每一题都是很重要的。总的来说，就我们常识性的都会认为写出来的信件中语气要给人一种谦恭有礼、积极合作的态度，即使是不那么正式的信件，比如：友情信之类应以友好的不仅要有谦恭礼节以外当然还要用自然的措辞拉近彼此的距离。
由于G类考生相对于A类考生人数较少，考生对于书信写作的重视不够，在G类分数要求日渐水涨船高的今天，考生尤其要注意书信写作中极为重要的一点，就是语气的把握。本文中，朗阁雅思考试研究中心写作组的专家将从四个方面对于如何选择合适的语气和措辞进行说明。
一、审题把握
把握好G类书信语气的第一步，就是要弄清写信的要求和背景。雅思书信写作题目就是由背景信息和写作任务两个部分构成的，我们可以将其分成私人信件和事务性信件两种类型。写给亲朋好友的信可以归为前者，如友情信，请看下面这个例子：
09.01.15
You are going to have a business trip and arrange your friend to look after your children.Write a letter to the friend. You should:
1.Tell him/her which kind of food your children like and dislike
2.Tell him/her which kinds of activities your children can attend
3.Tell him/her the time you will pick up your children.
根据背景分析，这封书信是写给朋友请求帮助在自己出差期间照管孩子的，显而易见，这是一封私人信件，由于对方是挚友，写信的语气可以比较轻松和随意，在说明详细内容时，措辞不必讲究但要礼貌。
再来看一个例子：
09.02.07
Your friends have been out on holiday and ask you to stay at their house.However,there is a problem with a piece of equipment in the kitchen.Write a letter to them.In your letter,you should:
1.Describe your feeling at their home
2.Describe what the problem is
3.Describe what action you have done to solve the problem
这是一封抱怨信，写信人在朋友度假期间帮朋友看管房屋，在信中向朋友说明厨房用具的问题，这并非商务场合和正式交涉，切不可义正词严。
09.09.05
You are living in an English-speaking country and the restaurant near you is making a lot of noise everyday.Write
a letter to the restaurant owner.In your letter,you should
1.say how you are disturbed by noise
2.give some suggestions to fix the problem
3.tell the owner further action will be taken if this problem remains unsolved.
这封信同属抱怨信，我们来比较一下它与上一封信的区别，这封信是写给餐馆经理的，说明对于餐馆噪声的不满，收信人与写信人并不熟悉甚至从未谋面，过于熟络的语气和措辞，或者在朋友之间使用的抱怨性较强的词汇都应尽量避免。
朗阁雅思考试研究中心将常见的书信分为以下几类：询问信、建议信和求职信一般较为正式；友情信属于非正式信件；投诉信、道歉信、邀请信、感谢信的语气要根据具体情况而定。考生需要注意题目所描述的背景和对收信人的
设定，分清写信对象，准确而恰当地把握题目要求，走好G类书信第一步。
二、信头称呼
所谓称呼是指写信人对收信人的称呼用语，一般用“dear”开头，在称呼后可以用逗号（英式）或是冒号“美式”。1.如果是写给亲戚或是关系密切的朋友，我们习惯于在“Dear”后加上对其的称呼或是名字(given name)。如：Dear mother或者是Dear Emma；
2.如果是写给一家公司或者不知道具体职衔的人，可以用Dear Sir or Madam或To Whom It May Concern；
3.如果知道具体职衔但不知其姓氏，可以以其职位称呼，如Dear Chief Accountant；
4.如果写信人知道收信人的姓名和性别，但关系不够密切，只属于一般往来，Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms/Miss Wang会显得友好却不随便；
5.另外，也可以用学位及职称加上姓氏或者全名，如Dear Dr.Will Smith,Dear Prof.(Professor)Jane Austin。
三、语气斟酌
正文作为整个信件内容最重要的部分，所选用的词汇和句式无不体现着写信人的态度和语气，应该根据不同的信件内容进行挑选和斟酌。
1）投诉信
投诉信的收信对象可以是比较熟悉的人，如抱怨邻居宠物过于吵闹，也可以是针对公司甚至不熟悉的机构或者某个事件而写的，如对社区体育设施的拆除表达不满。
You heard that a sports center would be closed.Write a letter to the manager.In this letter,you should:
1.Tell how you heard about the news.
2.Say what your opinion is about it.
3.Explain how it impacts your life.
由于对象是某运动中心经理，措辞方面就应该较为礼貌，以下的词句是可以选取作为陈述问题的句型：
I am writing to you to complain about...
I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with...
There are some problems with…that I wish to bring to attention.
值得注意的是，也完全没有必要像公文那么正式，只要言语恰当就可以。在叙述问题时可以多以客观性描述为主，辅以主观的感受，显得更有说服力，如：
I found…
I feel quite disappointed that…
在结尾部分说明期望时，也可以搭配同样的语气：
I hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as they can.
I sincerely hope that it will review its management system,with the view to providing,better service to the public. We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.如果是针对邻居再三出现的已经提醒过很多次的问题，我们可以措辞更为非正式一些，如I can hardly bear/tolerate /put up with it any more.但也不意味着可以出现“guy”等过于口语风格化的语句。
2）工作申请信
G类考生许多都是有工作经验的人，或者曾经有过写工作申请的经历，由于收信人多是公司或者经理级的人，言辞之间应该以正式语气为主：
I wish to apply for the position of…which you advertised in…
I am very interested in exploring the possibility of obtaining a position as…with your company.
结尾部分在阐述希望约见进行面试时，也选取一些较为缓和语气的动词如“hope”来表达：
I am available for an interview every afternoon.Please contact me at…
I hope that after reviewing my enclosed resume you will kindly give me an interview so that I can elaborate on my studies and working experience.
I hope you would consider my application favorably and grant me an interview.
3）道歉信
这类信件的语气要视收信人是谁而定，但中国有句老话说得好“礼多人不怪”，至始至终保持一个歉意的态度是这类信件要注意的细节：
Your neighbors have recently written to you to complain about the noises from your flat/house.
Write a letter to your neighbor.In your letter
1.explain the reasons for the noise
2.apologize
3.describe what action you will take
对方是熟识的邻居，即便如此，来自于写信人公寓的噪声对其干扰仍然是不可原谅的，对于对方的抱怨信，尽管我们可以选取熟络的语言来致歉，但语气和态度仍然需要诚恳，如
I am really sorry for the noises from my flat/house.
I hope you can accept my apologies.
I am trying to…
I promise…
这样的语句会让收信人觉得写信人是极有诚意解决这件事情的，起到了积极致歉的效果。
其他可供参考的语句有：
I am awfully/terribly sorry for what I have done.
I feel very guilty for what I have done to you.
I am afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.
Please accept my most cordial and humblest apologies for…once more.
I will try my utmost not to make such a stupid mistake again.
I am so sorry to have put you to so much trouble.
4）建议信
朗阁雅思考试研究中心分析认为，首先考生们要分清楚建议信和抱怨信有着本质的区别，前者着重在于给出一些中肯的建议，语气是可以商榷沟通的，相对比较缓和，而抱怨信的目的是为了说明问题并得到对方的回复和解决，而且这一问题常常给写信人带来生活上较大的不便。建议信的重点在于在肯定原有成绩的基础上，尽量选取较为“乐观、积极”的词语表达自己对信中所述问题的兴趣甚至是参与愿望。如：
I am delighted to learn…
In my point of view,it would be better to…
I am very interested in…
I am ready to offer the information needed.
请看下面这个例子：
You are a member of a sports club in an old building.Now all the members are asked to provide suggestions to the manager of the club about the improvement of the club building.Write a letter to offer some suggestions.In your letter,you should say:
1.Why the club is important to you?
2.What your suggestions are
3.What benefits the members can obtain after improvement.
写信人被要求向一家体育俱乐部的经理提出俱乐部设施的升级建议，一些有建设性的中肯建议再通过积极参与的态度表现出来，会更容易被接纳。
5）感谢信
在写感谢信时，分清收信人尤为重要，本是亲密的多年好友，如果用词过于客气和庄重会让人觉得矫情，对于较为陌生的收信人，如下的表达就比较合适：
I take this opportunity to express to you my deep appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me.
I wish there were a better word than“thanks”to express my appreciation for you generous help.
My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.I wish I could repay it one day.
Please accept my most cordial thanks for your timely help,which I will always remember.
Thank you from the bottom of my heart for your kind help.
6）询问信
在询问时，一些常见的客套表达是必要的：
I would like to obtain some information about…
I would like some detailed information on/about...
I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain...
I wonder if…
另外一处体现礼貌原则的部分是在结尾对于收信人将要提供的帮助给予感谢。
I would be much obliged to you if you could let me know…
Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.
I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
四、收尾落款
签名处的落款也有一定的要求，如果在称呼处用的是“Dear Mr.”等，我们习惯在此处用“Yours sincerely”，如果是称呼“Dear Sir or Madam”,我们就会用“Yours faithfully”结尾。如果和收信人关系较为亲密，Yours,With love等甚至直接留下名字都是可以接受的。
朗阁雅思考试研究中心提醒考生要特别注意的是，英语语法上的错误，会影响考官对主要信息的理解，其语言使用不当，表达意思含糊不清，是没有办法表达正确的语气表现适当的文体的。在下笔之前先构建好基本结构选择好适当语气，平时尽量多审题多练习，提高实际英语运用能力。
雅思的书信题不是什么书信都会考的，而是主要集中在5大类：
1、Making a request提出要求或者请求的信
2、Making suggestions提出建议的信
3、Making an apology道歉信
4、Making a complaint抱怨信
5、Thank-you letters感谢信
从写作特点上来看，特别提醒G类同学注意以下“三大纪律”：
纪律一：
书信和A类议论文最大的区别在于，书信是允许考生在主体段对情节进行合理联想的。换句话说，A类的图表题是看学生有没有能力读大学，而G类的书信是看学生有没有能力在英语国家顺利地生活。只要书信的情节符合生活常识，考官是可以允许学生进行适当联想来让书信的情节更充实的（当然即使是联想也不能跑题，特别应该参考原题里面给的三条参考信息）。而且正是因为书信允许有一部分合理的想象，所以即使我们遇到一些想不出的生词，也往往可以适当修改情节用一些其他比较简单的词汇来替换。
纪律二：
书信的用词我们应该追求稳妥，一方面不需要使用过大的词汇，另一方面也一定不能过于口语化，甚至俚语化（slangy）。参加移民类考试对的同学多数都有工作经验，有不少还有些商业英语信函的经历，但请注意：雅思的书信考试完全没有必要像商业公文那么正式（这点从《剑8》的书信体现得尤其明显），即使是比较正式的话题，只要保证不用太口语化的词汇就已经很好了。另一个极端是有些考生工作中常年用email和英语国家人士进行沟通，而email往往对语法和用词要求得并不严格，导致这些考生对英文书信产生某些误解，书信里时不时地出现guy，wanna，gonna这种非常口语化的词汇，甚至爆出一些粗口，实在令人触目惊心。希望大家能够形成正确的书信用词观念，避免两个极端。
纪律三：
写书信切记“福尔摩斯”式的倾向。有些同学工作经验丰富，思维也很严密，但是在合理虚构情节的时候却走向了另一个极端：主体段的正文部分过于追求逻辑的完美，最后写出来的书信也确实精彩，却导致考试时间不够用，这种情况同样令人惋惜。考试是在时间允许的前提下尽可能写好，但并不是追求完美，这一点也提醒广大G类考生注
意。
移民类书信类话题该怎么写
虽然学术类雅思考试比较多，但是中国经济腾飞，越来越多的民众有了移民的经济条件和社会实力，移民类的考生纵使不多，但还是有小众会有这方面的准备，经常在小作文中遇到的书信类话题，那么考生应该怎么写好G类考试的小作文话题呢？通过朗阁名师多年的教学经验的研究发现，其实这类考试的话题一般可以从下面几个书信方面来进行备考，希望有移民打算的考生在下面的讲解中获益！
投诉信
一、投诉理由1：服务不周
投诉信中投诉服务是经常会考到的话题，一般主要集中在对于饭店，宾馆，餐厅，旅行社等服务性行业的投诉，此类书信一般在结构上可分为以下几个部分：
（一）自我介绍，表明投诉内容以及与收信人的相关性。
（二）陈述投诉内容，如时间、地点、人物、事件等，并指出对方服务问题所在以及由此而产生的对自己或者家人的影响。
（三）提出整改建议或者希望得到对方的赔偿或补偿。
二、投诉理由2：质量低劣
投诉信中反映产品质量低劣是经常会考到的话题，一般分为2种：一种是在题目中指明具体产品，如服装、CD-player 等；另一种是不具体指明买的产品是什么，让考生自己去虚构一样物品，此类书信在结构上一般由三部分组成：
（一）表明投诉原因以及与收信人的相关性。
（二）陈述投诉内容，如购买的时间、地点、人物等，并指出产品具体问题所在以及由此而产生的后果。
（三）希望得到对方的赔偿或补偿。
三、投诉理由3：虚假宣传
对于虚假宣传的话题，我们其实可以参考上篇2个理由中的一些例子，投诉重点主要围绕在收到的产品与描述不符或者得到的服务项目和合同上的不一致或遗漏以及根据提示使用后无法获得预期效果等。此类书信在结构上一般由三部分组成：
（一）表明投诉原因。
（二）陈述投诉内容，如时间、地点、人物等，并指出具体问题所在以及由此而产生的后果。
（三）提出整改建议或者希望得到对方的赔偿或补偿。
四、投诉理由4：送货问题
送货问题里最常见的考题是别人寄给你的一件物品或者包裹你迟迟未收到，在信件结构上和投诉质量低劣类似：
（一）表明投诉原因。
（二）陈述投诉内容，如物品的特征，邮寄的时间等，并指出由此而产生的后果。
（三）提出整改建议或者希望得到对方的赔偿或补偿。
道歉信
这类信件的语气要视收信人是谁而定，但中国有句老话说得好“礼多人不怪”，至始至终保持一个歉意的态度是这类信件要注意的细节：
Your neighbors have recently written to you to complain about the noises from your flat/house.
Write a letter to your neighbor.In your letter
1.explain the reasons for the noise
2.apologize
3.describe what action you will take
对方是熟识的邻居，即便如此，来自于写信人公寓的噪声对其干扰仍然是不可原谅的，对于对方的抱怨信，尽管我们可以选取熟络的语言来致歉，但语气和态度仍然需要诚恳，如
I am really sorry for the noises from my flat/house.
I hope you can accept my apologies.
I am trying to…
I promise…
这样的语句会让收信人觉得写信人是极有诚意解决这件事情的，起到了积极致歉的效果。
其他可供参考的语句有：
I am awfully/terribly sorry for what I have done.
I feel very guilty for what I have done to you.
I am afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.
Please accept my most cordial and humblest apologies for…once more.
I will try my utmost not to make such a stupid mistake again.
I am so sorry to have put you to so much trouble.
建议信
朗阁雅思考试研究中心分析认为，首先考生们要分清楚建议信和抱怨信有着本质的区别，前者着重在于给出一些中肯的建议，语气是可以商榷沟通的，相对比较缓和，而抱怨信的目的是为了说明问题并得到对方的回复和解决，而且这一问题常常给写信人带来生活上较大的不便。建议信的重点在于在肯定原有成绩的基础上，尽量选取较为“乐观、积极”的词语表达自己对信中所述问题的兴趣甚至是参与愿望。如：
I am delighted to learn…
In my point of view,it would be better to…
I am very interested in…
I am ready to offer the information needed.
请看下面这个例子：
You are a member of a sports club in an old building.Now all the members are asked to provide suggestions to the manager of the club about the improvement of the club building.Write a letter to offer some suggestions.In your letter,you should say:
1.Why the club is important to you?
2.What your suggestions are
3.What benefits the members can obtain after improvement.
写信人被要求向一家体育俱乐部的经理提出俱乐部设施的升级建议，一些有建设性的中肯建议再通过积极参与的态度表现出来，会更容易被接纳。
感谢信
在写感谢信时，分清收信人尤为重要，本是亲密的多年好友，如果用词过于客气和庄重会让人觉得矫情，对于较为陌生的收信人，如下的表达就比较合适：
I take this opportunity to express to you my deep appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me.
I wish there were a better word than“thanks”to express my appreciation for you generous help.
My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.I wish I could repay it one day.
Please accept my most cordial thanks for your timely help,which I will always remember.
Thank you from the bottom of my heart for your kind help.
询问信
在询问时，一些常见的客套表达是必要的：
I would like to obtain some information about…
I would like some detailed information on/about...
I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain...
I wonder if…
另外一处体现礼貌原则的部分是在结尾对于收信人将要提供的帮助给予感谢。
I would be much obliged to you if you could let me know…
Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.
I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
收尾落款
签名处的落款也有一定的要求，如果在称呼处用的是“Dear Mr.”等，我们习惯在此处用“Yours sincerely”，如果是称呼“Dear Sir or Madam”,我们就会用“Yours faithfully”结尾。如果和收信人关系较为亲密，Yours,With love等甚至直接留下名字都是可以接受的。
朗阁雅思考试研究中心提醒考生要特别注意的是，英语语法上的错误，会影响考官对主要信息的理解，其语言使用不当，表达意思含糊不清，是没有办法表达正确的语气表现适当的文体的。在下笔之前先构建好基本结构选择好适当语气，平时尽量多审题多练习，提高实际英语运用能力。
雅思大作文广告类句观点总结
雅思大作文广告类句观 点总结 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
雅思大作文广告类句观点总结 Advertising 广告类 Positives of Advertising 广告的优点 Advertising is a key part of modern need to tell customers about their inform us about the choices we have. 广告是现代商业的重要组成部分。公司需要告诉消费者他们的产品。广告告诉我们有哪些选择。 Advertising is a creative industry that employs many people. 广告是一个创业产业，吸纳了很多就业。 People enjoy advertising we would have less choice. 人们喜欢广告。.没有广告，我们的选择很少。 Without advertising there would be higher unemployment. 没有广告会有更高的失业率。 Advertising is a form of modern art. 广告是现代艺术的一种形式。 Negatives of Advertising 广告的缺点 Advertising manipulates aims to persuade people that buying a product will make them happier.
广告操纵着人们。它的目标是说服人们去购买产品让他们高兴。 Advertisers focus on selling a brand are encouraged to associate certain brands with a higher status. 广告重在售卖一种品牌印象。我们会不自觉的将一些品牌与社会地位关联在一起。 They use glamorous，successful people. 他们使用迷人的，成功的人（作为形象代言）。 We now live in a consumer are persuaded to follow the latest trend. 我们生活在消费文化里。我们被说服去紧跟潮流。 Advertisers often aim their marketing at can easily be influenced by put pressure on parents to buy them things. 广告商经常把营销目标瞄准儿童。儿童很容易被广告影响。而孩子带给家长购买压力。 Opinions about Advertising 关于广告 Advertising should be aimed at children should be controlled or even banned. 广告应该被监管。将广告瞄准儿童应该受到控制甚至禁止。 Unhealthy foods should not be marketed in a way that Products that can be risk to healthy should display warnings. 垃圾食品不应该以一种吸引人的方式推广。危害到健康的儿童产品应该标示警示文字。
雅思写作模板 雅思写作高分词汇社会类 名人celebrities.doc
雅思写作模板雅思写作高分词汇社会类名人celebrities 今天我们写作的相关文章来关注下社会类话题下的名人问题。跟之前一样，小编会给出相关的题目，对应的雅思写作高分词汇，以及大致的汉语思路。 题目 Nowadays celebrities are more famous for their glamour and wealth than for their achievements, and this sets a bad example to young people. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? 雅思写作高分词汇-社会类-名人celebrities glamorous lifestyles 光彩照人的生活方式 positive role model 积极的模范 achieve fame 取得名誉 inherit money 继承金钱 gossip magazine 八卦杂志 reality TV programme 真人秀电视节目 attend parties and nightclubs 参加聚会和夜店 media profile 媒体形象 good character 好性格 achieve success 实现成功 accomplishment 成就 famous idol 著名的偶像 great effort, determination, and ambition 努力，决心和抱负 in their chosen field 在他们选定的领域 martial artist 功夫明星
雅思大作文话题之教育类
6分作文的评分标准 ? addresses all parts of the task although some parts may be more fully covered than others ? presents a relevant position although the conclusions may become unclear or repetitive ? presents relevant main ideas but some may be inadequately developed/unclear ? arranges information and ideas coherently and there is a clear overall progression ?uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences may be faulty or mechanical ? may not always use referencing clearly or appropriately; ? uses paragraphing, but not always logically ? uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task ? attempts to use less common vocabulary but with some inaccuracy ? makes some errors in spelling and/or word formation, but they do not impede communication ? uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms ? makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce communication 雅思大作文话题之教育类 Some people think schools should only teach students academic subjects. Others think schools should also teach students how to discriminate between right and wrong. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 3 Some employers think that formal academic qualifications are more important than life experiences and personal qualities when they look for an employee. Why is it the case? Is it a positive or negative development? Schools should concentrate on teaching students the academic subjects that will be useful for their future careers. Subjects such as music and sports are not useful. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 2 Some people think children should obey the rules set by their parents and teachers set, but others think that less control will help children to deal with their future adult life. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 2 Some people think students should go to boarding schools instead of living at home. Do you agree or disagree? 2
雅思ENVIRONMENT类写作素材
Growth in air travel harms environment(飞行增多危害环境) Climate change experts from the Tyndall Climate Research Centre in Britain have said urgent action（紧急行动）is needed to curb the rapid growth in air travel（抑制飞行的快速增长）if the government is to meet its commitments（实现承诺）on tackling global warming（处理温室效应）. This report from Stephen Evans: Falling ticket price and rising incomes are leading to rapid growth in global air travel.（导致国际航空业迅速发展的原因是机票价格的下降和收入水平的提升。）According to the British government, the number of British air passengers, for example, will more than double in the next quarter of a century（下一个25年）. Increases of such an order would mean much more aviation fuel（燃油）being burned and aviation fuel may be more harmful to the environment than other fuels because the resulting smoke is emitted at high altitudes（高海拔）. A group of scientists at the environmental research group, the Tyndall Centre, says that if Britain is to meet its overall target for cutting damaging emissions（减少有害气体排放）, other uses of fuel like for heating homes or driving cars would have to be cut dramatically. The British government wants the use of aviation fuel covered by international agreement on the environment. The difficulty for any individual government（任何政府）is that taxing fuel used at its own airports might push airlines to move their operations to competing airports in other countries. https://www.360docs.net/doc/946406875.html,/worldservice/learningenglish/newsenglish/witn/2005/09/050921_aviation.sh tml Calls to control low-cost flights（限制廉价航空） Cheap flights（廉价航空）on no frills airlines may not be a burden on our wallets but they will dearly cost the UK's environment（严重危害环境）, campaigners believe. Scientists predict that if carbon dioxide emissions continue to increase, global warming will bring higher annual temperatures and heavier rainfall（温室效应会带来更高的气温以及更大的降水）- with all the associated problems（相关的问题）. +将来时）it is . Agencies such as the Sustainable Development Commission (SDC) want our air tickets to reflect "the true cost of flying" to the environment. To green groups, this involves the aviation industry having to pay tax on the fuel（航空业应该为燃油使用赋税）it puts in planes.
雅思写作大作文范文 雅思写作报告类 城市成活困难与解决方案.doc
雅思写作大作文范文雅思写作报告类城市成活困难与解决方案 今天我们雅思写作大作文范文的文章来研究下城市生活困难与解决方案。随着城镇化的发展，越来越多曾经居住在郊区或者农村的人移居到城市之中。他们希望找到一份工作，从此过上更好的生活。但是，城市有其自己的问题。物价较高、住房紧张、交通拥堵、空气污染、上学难、看病难等问题一直困扰着市民。那么政府可以做些什么来解决或者减轻这些问题呢？小编搜集了一篇考官范文，以供大家参考。 雅思写作大作文题目 More and more people are migrating to cities in search of a better life, but city life can be extremely difficult. Explain some of the difficulties of living in a city. How can governments make urban life better for everyone? 越来越多的人为了更好的生活移居到城市之中，但是在城市生活下去可能极其困难。说明一些居住在城市中的具体困难。政府应该如何做才能使城市生活变得更好。 雅思写作大作文范文 Cities are often seen as places of opportunity, but there are also some major drawbacks of living in a large metropolis. In my opinion, governments could do much more to improve city life for the average inhabitant. 城市经常被看作是充满机会的地方，但是居住在巨型城市中也有一些明显的缺陷。在我看来，政府在为居民提升生活品质方面还可以做的更多。 The main problem for anyone who hopes to migrate to a large city is that the cost of living is likely to be much higher than it is in a small town or village. Inhabitants of cities have to pay higher prices for housing, transport, and even food. Another issue is that urban areas tend to suffer from social problems such as high crime and poverty rates in comparison with rural areas. Furthermore, the air quality in cities is often poor, due to pollution from traffic, and the streets and public transport systems are usually overcrowded. As a result, city life can be unhealthy and stressful. 希望移居到大型城市中的人的主要问题是生活成本可能要比小的城镇或者村庄高很多。城市居民不得不为住房、交通、甚至是食物支付更高的价格。另一个问题是，与郊区相比，城市区域倾向于遭受各种社会问题的困扰，如高犯罪率和高贫困率。此外，由于来自交通的污染，城市中的空气质量经常很差。街道和公共交通通常都很拥挤。因此，城市生活可能既不健康，又压力巨大。 However, there are various steps that governments could take to tackle these problems. Firstly, they could invest money in the building of affordable or social housing to reduce the cost of living. Secondly, politicians have the power to ban
嘉兴海思外语小讲堂：雅思考试写作练习题-社会话题类
雅思考试写作练习题 （社会类话题） 1.Some people think that the company should encourage the employees who are in high positions and over 55 years old to retire，in order to give opportunities to new generations. Do you agree or disagree？ 2.With the increase in security awareness，security monitors are propping up in some places. Some are very useful，like the monitor eyeing the supermarket and the monitor checking traffic flows on roundabouts. Do you think monitors are really necessary in the residential areas？ 3.Along with the amazing development of society，more and more people begin to realise that only peace can ensure human prosperity. In recent years，some people propose that compulsory military service should be
【小站教育】小站内部雅思写作教材
雅思写作教材 ?雅思写作必须为AcademicWriting，但是何为AcademicWriting，且看下面两段文字： E.g.:livinginbigcityisagoodchoice,becauseourchildrencouldgetbettereducation. Forexample,plentyofprimaryschoolsarelocatedinbigcity,so localcitizenscouldsend theirchildrenthere.Secondly,therearealotoftheatersinbigcitysowecouldenjoyfilms intheweekend. Thetwomeritsinbigcitiesasbetterservicejointlycontributetomakeurbanizationapriority. Firstofall,sufficienteducationalinstitutionsandfundshaveguaranteedthat higherlevelofeducationcouldbeacquiredinlargecity.Additionally,urbancitizenscanappreciate amorecolorfullifethanruralcitizens.Thecityprovides aplentyofplacesfor entertainmentwhilerurallifemayabitdull andtasteless. 第二段文字是典型的AcademicWriting，仅供参考。 ?雅思写作必备基础常识。首先从类型角度说五类小作文，四类大作文；从字数角度说是至少150+250=400字；从写作时间角度说是理论上20+40=60mins；从技术处理角度说建议先写大作文再写小作文。 ?官方给出每篇作文的分数是根据四个评分标准来的，小作文分别是：TA/CC/LR/GRA，大作文分别是：TR/CC/LR/GRA。两者结合白话一点说就是：题意理解/连贯衔接/词汇运用/语法准确。分别来看： 7分作文： ?写作内容涵盖写作任务的要求 ?（学术类）清晰地呈现关于主要趋势、区别或不同阶段的概述 ?（培训类）清晰地呈现写作目的，行文语气一致且恰当 ?能就主要内容/要点进行清晰的呈现与强调，但未能更为充分地展开 ?符合逻辑地组织信息及观点；清晰的行文推进贯穿全文 ?恰当地使用一系列衔接手段，尽管有时使用不足或过多 ?使用足够的词汇，体现一定灵活性及准确性 ?使用不常见词汇，对语体及搭配有一定认识 ?在选择用词、拼写及/或构词方面可能偶尔出现错误 ?运用各种复杂的语法结构 ?多数句子准确无误 ?对语法及标点符号掌握较好，但有时出现少许错误 6分作文：根据写作任 务要求作文 ?（学术类）选择恰当的信息进行概述 ?（培训类）写作目的基本清晰；行文语气有时未能保持前后一致 ?呈现并充分地强调了主要内容/要点，但有时含有不相关、不恰当或不准确的细节信息 ?连贯地组织信息及观点，总体来说，能清晰地推进行文发展 ?有效地使用衔接手段，但句内及/或句间的衔接有时有误或过于机械 ?有时无法保持一贯清晰或恰当地使用指代 ?使用足够的词汇开展写作任务
雅思写作素材-动物实验
Animal 类 范文 Some people think animal experimentation should be stopped because it is cruel. Others think it is necessary for the development of science. Discuss both view and give your own opinion. Animals were friend of foes of humanity at different times of the human history. In modern times, experiments upon animals have long been a breeding ground for spirited debate. Some animal right activists argue that we should ban animal experiments altogether because putting animals through experimentation is unjustifiable on moral grounds. Yet some other people contend that the advancement of science necessitates animal testing. Personally, I believe both their views have merit and demerit. Granted, empirical evidence suggests that many animal experiments are performed callously without any attention to the discomfort or pain that laboratory mammals endure. First and foremost, improper confinement of test animals such as locking them up in cramped cages is inhumane. It can gravely disrupt natural biological functions of the test animal. Further, the effects of vaccination and vivisection conducted on live mammals can be chilling. They may, in some case, even constitute sheer torture of live animals. However, from a more pragmatic perspective, evidence bounds that animal subjects are still an indispensable part at this point. In the first place, it is manifest that drug experimentation on live mammals is far more effective than experimentation on bacteria or on other lower species in testing drug safety. Drugs that have severe potential side effects on Homo sapiens must be tested by pharmaceutical companies on live mammals first to ascertain their toxicity. In the second place, in space research, live animals are still the only practical alternative to humans in testing living creature reaction to outer-space experience on a flight not considered to be sufficiently safe for human astronauts. Lastly, lab research about the behavioral tendencies of chimpanzees, gorillas and other members of the primate group is also necessary. It produces outcomes consistently advancing anthropological and genetic studies. To conclude, I concede that experiments upon animals may induce suffering to the test animals. However, I am convinced that there are no feasible alternatives to this methodology at the current stage of scientific development. On balance, I think that we should allow animals testing to be continued but at the same time we use techniques such as anesthetic to minimize the pain of the test animal. Animals 类词汇 动物权益保护主义者 animal rights activists 医学研究 medical research ， 残忍的cruel/ merciless/ inhuman/ callous/ brutal 活体解剖 vivisection 麻醉anaesthetic
慎小嶷 《十天突破雅思写作》总结2
General Knowledge 注意： 1. 作文要有实质内容。 2. 6分：260~270个词左右；6.5分：280个词以上。 3. 没有必要一定写长难句，但要提高句子的准确度和多样性。必须在对英语造句知识准确理解和把握的基础上流畅地写出复杂的长句子，而不是刻意、机械地拉长句子。（准确、严密、多样、清晰） 4. 对于零星出现的少量拼写错误，只要不引起歧义，是不会导致严重扣分的，但要努力减少作文里出现拼写错误的可能。 5. 考场里没有时间打草稿，但可以在印考题的试题纸上把看到题目后头脑里闪现出的ideas、考前准备的相关加分词汇和句型大致记录一下。 6. 当考官要求停笔时即使还没有写完也一定要停下来，否则会被判为违纪行为。 7. 考前练习一定要尽可能模拟实战：下载标准格式的答题纸；用铅笔写作，每行10~12个单词；严格控制时间，Task 1不应超过25 min，Task 2不应超过45 min。备考初期，可将Task 1和Task 2分开练习，但在考前一周内，必须演练完整的写作考试全程，严格控制时间，写完后再核对或请有经验的老师批改。 8.
如果Task 2准备得较为充分，有信心在40min写出一篇自己满意的议论文，那么就先完成Task 2。反之，就先写Task 1。 9. 齐头式：每段开头顶格写，每两段之间空一行 缩入式：每段开头后退3~4个字母的距离，每个段落之间不空行 10. 可使用I/we、被动语态，但不宜滥用；可将But/So放在句首 11. 7分或以上的作文对于用词的要求是准确，而不是冗长 ?Topics ?学术类写作的特殊要求 1. 不接受缩写形式 2. 不使用非正式口语表达 3. 英美拼写不能混淆 4. 用词要有特色 5. 句式不能过于短促 6. 句式不能过于干瘪 7. 感情色彩不能过于强烈
雅思写作必备词汇之社会类 (1)
雅思写作必备词汇之社会类 1. benefit from从中受益 2. put forward valuable suggestions提出宝贵建议 3. play a major role in easing traffic 在缓解交通压力上扮演了重要角色 4. participate in the reconstructionof the city参与城市重建 5. raise the environmental management level提高环境管理水平 6. create a pleasant ecological environment创造出一种和谐的生态环境 7. give priority to优先关注 8. catch much attention引起很大关注 9. resource allocation资源配置 10. perfect the construction of urban infrastructure完善城市基础设施建设 11. reduce the number of vehicles减少车辆 12. water scarcity水短缺 13. the environmentalpollution环境污染 14. over-industrialization过度工业化 15. over-crowdedness过度拥挤
16. unemployment失业 17. wealth distribution财富分配 18. social instability社会动荡 19. urban construction城市建设 20. population explosion人口激增 21. a rising crime rate犯罪率上升 22. drain of energy and resources能源和资源消耗 23. offer more job opportunities提供更多的就业机会 24. a rapid pace of life快节奏生活 25. stress-related illnesses与压力有关的疾病 26. high cost of living高额生活费用 27. pastoral life田园生活 28. class polarization阶级两极分化 29. social welfare社会福利 30. give special care to …给予…特殊关照 31. urban sprawl城市扩张 32. convenient transportation means便捷的交通工具
雅思高分范文 教育类
1. The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books and they should not waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media such as computer software,videos and DVDs. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? 公共图书馆是否应该提供高科技的东西 2. Many parents complain that computer games have no value to their children’s studies.On their mental and physical development. What is your opinion? 电脑对儿童的学习以及身体和智力的发展都没有好处吗 3. Topic: some people think computer and the Internet are important in children’s study ,but others think students can learn more effectively in school and with teachers. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 儿童是和老师一起学习好还是用电脑和网络好？ 4. Computers are increasingly used in education. In which areas do you think are computers more important and in which areas are teachers more important? 在哪些领域电脑更重要，哪些领域老师更重要？ 5 Some people believe that all the children in school are required to learn at least one foreign language. However, others say that those who are not talented do not have to learn. What is your opinion? 所有学生都要求学语言还是只有有天赋的学生才要学、？ 6. In some countries, secondary schools aim to provide a general education across a wide range of subjects. In others, children focus on a narrow range of subjects related to a particular career. For today’s world, which system is appropriate? 中学教育应该更广泛还是针对具体的职业？ 7 Some teachers say students should be organized into groups to study, while others argue that students should be made to study alone Tell the benefits of each study method. Which one do you think is more effective? 单独学习还是分组学？ 8 In modem society, many people think primary schools should teach science and technology rather than history and geography, which are useless and boring.Do you agree or disagree with this statement? 学校不应该教无聊和没用的历史和地理而应该教科学和技术吗？ 9 Some people think intelligent students should be educated together with other students. Do you agree or disagree? 高智商的学生应该和其他普通学生一起学习吗 10 Some people think students should take courses that are decided by the government .others think students should be allowed to focus on subjects that they prefer. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 学生应该自己决定学什么还是按照政府的安排 11 Children who grow up in needy families are better prepared to deal with problems in their adult life than children who are brought up in wealthy parents. Do you agree or disagree? 穷孩子会比富孩子更好的处理问题吗 12 University students should pay all the cost of their studies because university
(完整版)雅思写作大作文素材
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