《丑石》中考阅读练习

（2020年山东省泰安市中考题）

夏新祥

世人有玩邮票者、玩古董者、玩文字者。老墨和老白以玩石头为乐，因玩石头出名。

老墨和老白是一对挚友。

老墨开车到桃源茅草街去寻石，邀上了老白。

茅草街邻桃源境内沅水的一条支流。

河床很浅，清粼粼的水在石头间游走，时而高声喧哗，时而默不作声。石头遍布在河床里，大则似碗、碟、盘、笠，小则如卵、珠、米。其状无棱无角，乖巧圆滑。色多为白、黑，间以红、黄、蓝、绿、紫。

两人在小河的分叉处分手，各朝上游寻去。

到下午时，老墨只觅到几块可要可不要的石头，很有些沮丧。

老白却喜滋滋的。

你捡到好东西了?老墨问。

是个好东西。老白说。于是从背囊中取出一块石头，这石头大好比一个盘子，圆得像是用圆规画好后打磨而成。

老白把石头放进浅水里。石头乃玛瑙石，白色，质地像奶。润、绵、厚。不浮、不薄、不浅。其间黛黑的纹理，恰如国画大师勾点。一幅“独钓寒江”图浑然天成。

老墨看得有些呆了。

一路回城，老墨和老白都十分开心。老墨建议老白把石头养好后参加全国奇石展，定能获得大奖。

到城乡接合处，两人上了一趟厕所。老白出来时，看见老墨站在车边，脸都气黑了。老墨的车窗被人砸了!放在车里的两个包已经没了。

老墨报了警，警察二十分钟后赶到现场，拍照取证，录口供。

老墨把老白送到家，蔫蔫地去修车了。

两人一如既往地交流石头，提起那块丢失的“独钓寒江”石，不免摇头叹息一番。

两个月后的某一天，老白正在养石。老墨打电话给老白，老白，你过来看一下，我得到了一块石头，你肯定会惊奇。

老白立即打的到了老墨的“丑石斋”。

老白的确惊住了。

老墨说，老白，寻到这块石头，我的第一反应就是惊呆了。

你在哪里得到的这块石头?

茅草街，就是我们上次寻石的那一条小河。老墨说。

世界上竟有如此相像的两块石头，这和双胞胎兄弟有区别吗!老白叹道。

老墨说，老白，这块石头让给你吧，就算你失而复得。

老白说，你舍得?

老墨说，你养我养都一样，你拿走吧。

老白就拿走了那块石头。他说，我肯定会拿它参展，一旦有了市价，我将把钱全部给你。那块“独钓寒江”石果真得了大奖。专家评估，市价三十万。

老墨说，恭喜你，老白，你发了。

老白说，老墨，我说过的，我会兑现我的话。(A)老墨说，老白，石头这东西，有价无市，要不你给二十万吧。老白就给了老墨二十万。

以后，两人一如既往地玩石。

有一次在河里寻石头时，老墨脚下一滑，掉进了一个深水潭。水底暗流涌动，老墨像被一只鳄鱼咬住，打了几个圈，就要被扯进潭底。将要没顶时，老墨喊，老白救我!老墨最后被老白救了起来。老墨坐在岩石上，久久不发一言。

老墨已经七十岁了，要随儿子到深圳去定居。临行前，老墨把老白邀到家里喝酒，喝着喝着，老墨就哭了起来，泪水怎么都擦不干。老白说，老墨哥，可不兴太伤感啊!

老墨说，老弟，多谢你这么多年陪我玩儿，我对不起你。

老白说，别说那些话，我陪你玩，你不也在陪我玩吗?

老墨说，老弟，我这一屋的石头都送你吧!

老白说，你这些石头起码值二十万哪!我给你钱。(B)

老墨急了，老弟，别说钱，可千万别说钱!

其实，当年老白把“独钓寒江”石送展之前，要给石头换一个底座，老墨做的底座实在是太俗了。老白换底座时，发现石头的下面有一个丁字形口子，老白当时再一次惊住了。他在小河里寻得那块石头时，不小心掉在了地上，磕出了一个丁字形的口子，这口子和那口子竟然惊人地相似!

老白相信，老墨所说的对不起应该是“独钓寒江”石这事。

选自《微型小说选刊》2019年11期(有删节) 24.文中加点的两个“惊住了”的意思有什么不同?(4分)

25.文中画横线的A、B两处写的都是老白要给老墨钱的情节，这两次老墨的心理有何不同?(4分)

26.本文以“丑石”为题，有什么好处?(4分)

27.小说人物“老墨”和“老白”的命名也很有意思，请结合人物特点或文中的描写，写下你的发现。(4分)

参考答案：

24.第一个“惊住了”指的是老白感到非常惊奇，世间竟有如此相似的两块石头，就和双胞胎兄弟一样。第二个“惊住了”指的是老白发现了“独钓寒江”石的丁字形的口子，确定了这块石头就是自己当年“失窃”的石头，被老墨算计朋友的这种不齿行为所震惊。

25.第一次，老墨为自己成功地“得到”了老白二十万元钱而窃喜。第二次，老墨满怀愧疚，他想真诚地为自己所犯的错误赎罪。

26.以“丑石”为题，一方面能引起读者的阅读兴趣，激发阅读欲望；另一方面暗指老墨虚伪、见利忘义的丑陋德行。

27.老墨：墨亦是黑，但墨比黑要文雅一些，老墨也可以引申为老黑，这一名字暗含着作者对文中老墨厚黑行为的讽刺；老白：白在文中代表着真诚、大度、厚道、以德报怨等品质。与黑形成鲜明的对比。文中对老白发现的“独钓寒江”石进行了细致描写：“石头乃玛瑙石，白色，质地像奶。润、绵、厚。不浮、不薄、不浅。”这些描写也衬托了老白的美好品质，石如其人。

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