2014中考英语分类复习练习_冠词用法详解

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冠词部分

【复习目标】

▲掌握定冠词与不定冠词的用法。

【课前准备】

●要求学生对冠词的用法作一归纳。

【知识要点】

(一)不定冠词a,an的用法如下:

a用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前。

值得注意的是:

A. 如果不定冠词后面第一个词以元音字母u开头就用a。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform。

B. 如果不定冠词后面第一个词以不发音的h开头,而h后面第一个音的音素是元音因素,就用an。例如hour, honest。

C. 如果不定冠词和名词前有其他词,不定冠词的形式仍取决于它后面第一个词的语音形式。例如an actres s, a beautiful actress。

1 表示人或事物的某一类(含义相当于一类事物的任何一个)

A dictionary is a useful book.

An underground train can start and stop quickly.

2 用于表示数量、时间的名词前,表示“一”的意思,但数的概念没有o ne强烈。The plan will be ready in a day or two, once a week.

3.泛指某人或某物,但未具体说明何人、何物,如:

A boy is waiting for me.

Give me a pen, please.

4 用于某些固定短语中

如: a few, a little, a lot of, a number of, just a minute, in a hurry, for a while, for a long time, a cup of, a bottle of, have a rest, have a talk, have

a fever, have a good time, have(take) a walk, have a toothache, take a bath,

give a lesson

(二)定冠词用法如下:

定冠词的用法如下:

1.指彼此都知道的人或事物,如:

Open the door, please.

Go and close the window.

2.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物,如:

The girl in red is my sister.

The man over there is our English teacher.

The book on the desk is mine.

3.指前面提到过的人或事物,如:

Here is a picture of a modern car factory. My father works in the factory.

4.用在序数词和形容词最高级前,在方位词前。如:

The Nile is the longest river in the world.

He won the first prize.

The sun rises in the east.

5.用在某些名词化的形容词,过去分词前,表示一类人或事物,如:

the rich, the sick, the new , the false

6.用在某些专用名词前,如:

the Great Wall

the People’s Republic of China

the United Nations

the Netherlands

7.在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面,如:

the North China Plain

the Rocky Mountains

the Yangtse River

8.在一些用语中,如:

in the morning(/afternoon/evening), in the day, by the way, on the whole, the next morning, all th e year around, the other day, at the same time

(三)不用冠词的情况

1.专有名词人名,地名,节日,月份,年份,星期和不可数名词(一般指物质名词和抽象名词)前一般不用冠词。如:

China, Beihai Park

2.名词前面已有用作定语的 this, that, my, your, some, any , no等代词作定语时,不用冠词。如:

The letter is from my father.

I have a book in my hand.

3.在复数名词表示一类人或事物时,如:

Horses are useful animals.

I like cakes.

4.在节日名称,(称呼语和表示官衔的名词前)星期、月份、季节前。如:

Today is Sunday.

Spring is the best season in the year.

Children’s Day

5.表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前。

6.球类,棋类,语言,三餐,游戏名称和颜色前不加冠词。如:

I like to play basketball.

We have lunch at school.

7.在表示家庭成员名称,称呼语,表示头衔或职务的名词前不加冠词。

8. 在某些固定搭配和习惯用语中,如:

go to school , be in hospital, be in prison

注意下列词组的区别, in fort of与in the front of, in hospital与in the hospital, at table与at the table, go to school与go to the school, a number of children=many children, The number of children =孩子的数量

二、复习时需要注意的要点

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