专业英语试卷精编版
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期末考试《专业英语》A 卷
1. ethane ：
2. propyl ：
3. methanol ：
4. hexene ：
5. butylaldehyde ：
6. oxyacid ：
7. aliphatic compound ： 8. reduction reaction ： 9. inorganic chemistry ： 10.transition element ： 11.
ketone ： 12.toluene ：
13.qualitative analysis ： 14.positive charge ： 15.sulphate ： 16.surfactant ： 17.tetradecane ： 18.alkane ：
19.bond angle ： 20.ethoxylate ： 1. 轨道电子： 2. 氢氧化钠：
3. 氯化物：
4. 热力学函数：
5. 同系列：
6. 耦合剂：
7. 构象异构：
8. 122烷：
9. CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-： 10.电离能： 1．Of course,when an acid loses a proton ,a base must be in presence to accept it,Thus ,an acid and a base react in a proton transfer reaction,this reaction is generally known as a nertralization reaction.
2．In contrast to inorganic compounds, the molecular attraction of organic compounds is weak, so organic compounds are usually volatile and possess low melting points.
一、 Write the Chinese name for each of the following （每小题1分，共20分）
二、 Write the English name for each of the following
（每小题1分，共10分）
三、 Translate the following sentences into Chinese （每小题3分,共30分）
3．Solubilizers bring incompatible ingredients together into homogeneous solution.
4．Organic compounds are not soluble in water because there is no tendency for water to separate their molecules into ions.
5．The presence of a substituent group in benzene exerts a profound control over both orientation and the ease of introduction of the entering substituent.
6．Evaporation is conducted by vaporizing a portion of the solvent to produce a concentrated solution or thick liquor.
7．Mild oxidation of a primary alcohol gives an aldehyde which may be further oxidized to an organic acid.
8．Although organic chemistry is more than 150 years old, its progress is faster than ever, as the result of new theoretical concepts and experimental techniques from other areas of science.
9．According to this construction, ethylene is predicted to have an H-C-H bond angle of 120°，the measured angle of 117.5°being reasonably close to this value.
10．Thus, satisfactory binding properties are essential for trouble-free compression and the production of good quality cakes over long manufacturing periods.
1．The ability of the carbonyl group C=O to combine not only with a large variety of carbon frameworks but also with heteroatoms（杂原子）and heteroatom groups results in the proliferation of carbonyl compounds throughout the organic chemical world. The carbonyl group is present in many substances of biological and commercial imporatance, and carbonyl compounds provide the essential ingredients for a large number of organic syntheses. The chemistry of carbonyl compounds, therefore, occupies a central place in the study of organic chemistry.（12分）
四、Translate the following paragraph into Chinese
（本大题共2个小题，共25分）
2．The last touch to the make-up, but by no means the least,is the lipstick,which is used to impart colour and an attractive chape and appearance to the lips, and also to protect them. Intelligently used, it is capable of altering the
apparent facial characteristics. Thus, by using a coat of darker lipstick with a lighter shade on top,narrow lips can be widened; by other methods wide lips can be narrowed,and the length of the lips can be brought into better proportion to the shape of the face. （13分）
采用水蒸气蒸馏法（hydrodistillation）提取，气相色谱-质谱联用技术( GC-MS) 对三白草（Saururus chinensis）不同部位及鱼腥草（Houttuynia cordata）挥发油（essential oil）化学成分进行定性和定量分析。共分离鉴定出88个化合物，从三白草地上部分鉴定出36个，根茎中鉴定出31个，分别占挥发油总量的73.38%和95.53%，其中仅13个共有成分; 从鱼腥草中鉴定出50个化合物，占挥发油总量的74.59%。
五、Translate the following paragraph into English
（共15分）