《跨文化交际》练习题

《跨文化交际》练习题

Unit 1

1.Fill in blanks

a. There are here-------- Chinese equivalents to communication in Mainland.

交际（）交流（）沟通（）传播（）

通信（）交通（）传理（）

b. There must be ___________conditions for communication to take place.

c. There are _______ kinds of communication.

d. The two kinds of cross-cultural communication are _______ and ______.

e. In any forms of communication, mono-cultural, unilateral and bilateral cross-cultural alike, ______ is the essence.

f. You complain to your instructor about your course credits through telephone is a________ example of communication.

g. You send an e-mail message to an American friend is an instance of communication but______.

h. An Arabic traveler talks to you in Arabic that is Greek to you is an instance of_________.

i. The community definition of a social situation is a sort of ______ definition, or ______ interpretation of the situation.

j. In cross-cultural communication, private goals are difficult to detect and are likely to cause ______.

k. A social situation may receive two definitions. They are____________________ and ______________.

l. The verbal message of shrug is a non-verbal signal of_________________.

m. The verbal message of thank is a non-verbal signal of________________.

n. The goal of Dick?s going to the library is likely to _______________________________________.

Ⅱ. Key Terms

a. language

b. non-verbal communication

c. cross-cultural communication

d. situational schema

e. signal

f. culture

g. communication

Ⅲ. Short Answer

1. Give some best and not good instances of communication.

2. How to understand a mutual monitoring?

3.Types of communication.

4.Cultural influencing factors of cross-cultural communication.

5.collectivist culture

Ⅳ. Case study

Use the communication theory to analyze the following case:

Xiao Huang meets Evelyn at the airport and says to her: "Long time no see!"

1）The source of information is: ______.

2）The encoder is: ______.

3）The code is: ______.

4）The message is: "______!"

5）The channel is: ______.

6）The medium is: ______.

7）The noise is: ______.

8）The decoder is: ______.

9）The retrieval of information is: ______.

Unit Two

Ⅰ.Fill in blanks

a. In a formal western meal, you?re offered a second helping but you have already had enough. You should say “______”. That was delicious but I?ve already had plenty, thanks.

b. Taboos are words, expressions, et

c. that are considered as being ______ or ______. unpleasant, disgusting

c. ______ is a culture that scores high on individualism. Individual culture

d. Social distance refers to the degree of ______ or ______ between two cultures. similarity, dissimilarity

e. Because of their ______, individualists give little thought to the ______ of others. But collectivists care very much what others in their groups think and do not like to be the targets of ______ and _______. independence, evaluations, scrutiny, criticism

Ⅱ. Key Term

a. culture shock

b. collectivist culture

c. hospitality

d. politeness

e. privacy

Ⅲ. Short Answer

a. What are the five basic themes in individualist culture?

b. Why is there a lack of concern at public displays of physical or sexual intimacy?

c. What …s the difference on tendency for foreigners to treat strangers between Individualism and Col lectivism Theories?

Ⅳ. Case study

(1) Analyze the case and try to find the misunderstanding between the girl and the westerner.

A westerner invited a Chinese girl to have lunch and take a tour around the British Parliament. In fact, the girl didn't have the lunch just because when the westerner asked her "Are you hungry?" The girl answered no. Then they didn't have lunch together.

(2) Can you find some differences in hospitality between a Chinese and English? What are the reasons?

An English guest: Each time a new dish arrived his parents would lean over and load my plate with tasty morsels. As they had taken all the trouble to cook it I just had to polish it off. As soon as my plate was empty they would put more on. Of course, I felt duty-bound to ear that too.

A Chinese guest: Can you imagine how many dishes I had? One one -- a stew with meat and vegetables. The meat was over done and too hard to eat; green vegetables were no longer green. They never put food on your plate but just ask you to help yourself. If you, as a guest, are shy or modest, waiting for the food to be put on your plate, you will remain half-starved.

Unit Three

Ⅰ. Fill in blanks

a. Chinese names consist of ______ name and ______ name, with ______ name put first.

b. The term first names, ______ and ______ refer to the same names.

c. The ______ given name is usually used by English people. ______ name is commonly used among friends and colleagues.

d. The term “Christian names” originates from people?s belief in ______ and the traditional practice of giving babies their names at a special ceremony in church known as a “______”.

e. Chinese names can give all sorts of information about a person. They may give clues about where and when the person was born. Or they may tell us something about ______, ______, ______, ______, ______ or even ______.

f. Female names are more likely than male names to end in ______ sound, as in Linda, Tracy and Mary. Names given to boys are much more likely to end in a ______, such as occurs in Bob, Dick and Jack.

Ⅱ. Short Answer

a. Try to analyze the components of an English name.

b. 在社交活动中使用亲属称谓要遵循哪些准则？What rules should we follow when we use the kin terms when we are at public?

c. What are the characteristics in naming Chinese Given Names?

d. Why is it hard for us to tell the gender by reading English names?

Ⅲ. Essay Section

Do you agree the view that there is some sexist bias in the English language? If agree, please give me an explanation in detail with examples and show us how to solve it. If not, please show me your reasons.

And do you think there is some sexist bias in the Chinese language too? How we can solve the problem?

Ⅳ. Case study

Categorize the following names into male and female groups.

Sarah Christopher Claire Matthew Emma David Laura James Kelly Rebecca Daniel Gemma Andrew Rachel Steven Victoria Mark Paul Katharine Michael

Unit Four

Ⅰ. Fill in blanks

a. In Britain, ______ and ______ are common topics. Some taboo questions are considered too ______ or too ______ to talk about when first meeting someone.

b. “______” is a commonly used term by Chinese people to address someone who is older than the speaker to show his politeness, respect and closeness. But in America, people like being labeled as “______”.

c. To western eyes going Dutch, splitting the bill, implies ______ between friends.

d. We Chinese usually say “no” when somebody offer s something, because sometimes an offer is not a ______ offer but a ______ remark.

e. Like the Chinese, people in the English-speaking countries also avoid ______ or ______ by using polite expressions when giving refusals.

f. An ______ is a spoken or written request for someone's presence or participation.

Ⅱ. Short Answer

a. Two typical situations to send flowers in business and social situations.

b. Talking about culture merge with the answers of compliments between a Chinese and English?

c. What are the differences on receiving gifts between Chinese and westerner?

d. Why do many Chinese people tend to ask about age, martial status, and even salary when first meeting one another?

Ⅲ. Essay Section

What are the similarities and differences between English invitations and Chinese ones?

IV. Write a very formal invitation and a reply

Unit Five

Ⅰ. Fill in blanks

1. ______ often occurs when people hurry to a conclusion without investigating thoroughly enough.

2. In a traditional Chinese family, the most important relationship in the family is that between ______ and ______.

3. The American linguist, Deborah Tannen, wrote a book entitled ______. In this book, she believes women tend to speak and hear a language of ______ and ______, whereas men speak and hear a language of ______ and ______.

4. There may be a generation gap between young people and old people due to their different ______ and ______. Ⅱ. Short Answer

1. Whose side should the man take in the event of any quarrel between his wife and his mother and why?

2. What is expected from the parents towards their children?

3. Do men like boasting more than women? Why?

4. Are women are inclined to gossips and why?

a. What?re the p rinciples of a traditional Chinese family?

b. What?s the biggest difference between the Chinese way of child-rearing and the Australian one? Why?

c. In cross-cultural communication, why is communication between the two sexes difficult?

Ⅲ. Case study

Read the following anecdotes carefully. Decided whether A is a man or a woman, and give your reasons.

A and

B are married. They are both lawyers. At social gatherings, A is always ready to tell of A's success, dropping names and boasting of cases won. B, however, is reticent about B's success. Sometimes A points out to others B's successes, but this may upset B. B feels that people would not like B if B boasts; B would rather prefer they learn indirectly from others how successful B is. A, on the other hand, feels A must not be shy of singing A's own praises if A is to receive the respect A deserves.

Comment: A is most likely to be a .

If both A and B want the other to go to the store to get something for themselves, A would say 'Will you please go to the store?', while B would say 'Gee, I really need a few things from the store, but I'm so tired'.

Unit Six

Ⅰ. Fill in blanks

1. There is language in her eye, her cheek and her__________. Shakespeare

2. Glance means_____

3. Feast your eyes means ____.

4. Lay a finger on somebody means-----.

5. The V-sign usually indicates_______________.

6.. Usually when we have a ______ talk we look at each other while we speak or listen, no matter what the relationship is.

7. When we offer something to someone, we often use both hands to show ______.

8.. For the British, the rule for eye contact when passing strangers in the street is that you must avoid ______ at them but at the same time avoid ______ them.

9. Intimate distance is ranging from direct contact to about ______ cm, personal distance is ranging from ______ to ______ cm, social distance is ranging from ______ to ______ meters, and public distance is over ______ meters.

II. Key Terms

1.Non-verbal communication

2. proximity

Ⅲ. Short Answer

1. What is non-verbal communication?

2. What are some purposes of Non-verbal Communication?(P229)

3. What?re the functions of non-verbal communication?

4. How do you classify Non-verbal Communication?

5. Mentioning facial expression, there are six basic emotions. What?re they?

Ⅳ. Case study

Try to guess the meaning of the following gestures.

1. With the palm out, forefinger and index fingers are pointed upwards and split into the shape of a "V."

2. With the palm up, the forefinger wiggled at the person summoned.

3. With the palm out, the thumb and forefinger are curled into a circle, while the other fingers are extended upward Unit Seven

Ⅰ. Fill in blanks

1. 'Snack' and --------provide an example to show the difference between formal and informal language.

2. 'Sodium chloride' is a synonym of ----------- but is less frequently used in daily life.

3. The British English term for Apartment is ________________________.

4. The close Chinese equivalent for the idiom: lion in the way is_____________________.

5. 雷声大雨点小in English is____________________.

6. "Raining cats and dogs" means that ______.

7. An idiom is a ______ with its own meaning which has to be learned as one unit.

8. ______ means the same sound occurring at the beginning of two or more word in succession, and ______ means words or syllables that have or end with the same sound as each other.

9. Almost all cultures seem to have certain notions or things that people try to avoid mentioning directly. If people cannot avoid mentioning such notions or things, they often use ______.

10. Gas in American English refers to ______ in British English. Tube in British means ______ in American English.

Ⅱ. Key Terms

1. synonym

2. proverb

3. slang

4. taboo words

Ⅲ. Translation

1.道高一尺魔高一丈

2.临时抱佛脚

3.张三李四

4.大海捞针

5.打退堂鼓

6.雷声大雨点小

7.落汤鸡

8.一丘之貉

9.蜻蜓点水

10.替罪羊

11.the kiss of death

12.at sixes and sevens

13.the pot calling the kettle black

14.a piece of cake

15.have a big mouth

16.Love me, love my dog.

17.carry coals to Newcastle

18.sit at somebody?s feet

19.link somebody?s boots

20.an eye for an eye

21.hide one?s light under a bushel

22.lion in the way

23.cast pearls before swine

24.a fly in the ointment

Unit Eight

Ⅰ. Fill in blanks

1. The English words for 雌雄鸳鸯are ______.

2. To be immune to means ______.

3. ______is applied to a congregation of animals of one kind, especially sheep or goats herded by human beings.

4. The stereotyped impressions on people of ______are 精明（jingming）.

5. The people of ______are romantic.

6. The cardinal principle we should bear in mind in conducting cross-cultural communication is this: _______. ______.

7. In communicating with Westerners, the following advice can be helpful. ______, ______.

8. Here-and-now communication is confined to the reach of man?s ______ and ______.

9. ______ is a machine that sends a copy of a document by telephone.

10. ______, ______ and ______ have virtually turned our mother earth into a global village.

Ⅱ.Short Answer

1. What?re the three extensions of man?

2. What?re the main forms of telecomm unications?

1. inquiring minds

2. intriguing

3. take leave of its senses

4. immune system

5. genetic studies

6. global village

7. cellular telephone

8. stereotype

9. Television transmission------There are several ways of sending an image to your television screen. The image may be transmitted via satellite to a satellite dish on your house, or it may be sent as a signal that will be picked up by an aerial on your roof or on the television. It can also be sent through an underground cable directly to your living room.