粉煤灰陶粒填料制备及用作曝气生物滤池填料的性能考察

2015年第34卷第9期CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·3379·

化工进展

李倩炜，周笑绿，李环，吴南江

（上海电力学院环境与化学工程学院，上海 200090）

摘要：以粉煤灰为主要原料，黏土、脱水污泥、脱硫石膏等为辅料，自制了粉煤灰陶粒。通过强度性能筛选出原料的最优配比为粉煤灰∶脱水污泥∶黏土∶脱硫石膏= 85∶10.5∶0.5∶4。研究对比了自制粉煤灰陶粒与市售的陶瓷陶粒和黏土陶粒的性能，如扫描电镜、孔隙率、盐酸可溶率、比表面积等，结果显示：粉煤灰陶粒的表面粗糙度最大，孔隙率最高，比表面积最大，密度最小。进一步比较了3种陶粒用作曝气生物滤池填料处理城市污水的效果。结果表明，粉煤灰陶粒填料对COD的去除率可达到80%以上，对NH3-N的去除率可达到90%，对总磷（TP）的去除率高于80%，均明显优于其他两种市售陶粒填料。

关键词：粉煤灰陶粒；填料；废水；生物膜；曝气

中图分类号：X 703.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000–6613（2015）09–3379–04

DOI：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.09.027

Research on the preparation of fly ash ceramisite as filler of BAF and its

performance in wastewater treatment

LI Qianwei，ZHOU Xiaolu，LI Huan，WU Nanjiang

（College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering，Shanghai University of Electric Power，Shanghai 200090，

China）

Abstract：The fly ash ceramisite was prepared with fly ash as the raw material and clay，dewatered sludge and desulfurized gypsum as auxiliary materials. Based on the strength testing，the optimal weight ratio of fly ash∶dewatered sludge∶clay∶desulfurized gypsum is 85∶10.5∶0.5∶4.

Compared with commercial ceramic ceramisite and clay ceramisite，fly ash ceramisite has higher surface roughness，porosity，specific surface area and lower density，based on the test of porosity，hydrochloric acid soluble rate，specific surface area and SEM. The effect of fly ash ceramisite on wastewater treatment was compared with ceramic ceramisite and clay ceramisite，with the biological aerated filter (BAF) as the filler material. The result shows that：the removal rate of COD by fly ash ceramisite can reach 80%，the removal rate of ammonia even reaches 90%，and the removal rate of total phosphorus is above 80%. The effect of fly ash ceramisite on wastewater treatment is better than that of commercial ceramic ceramisite and clay ceramisite.

Key words：fly ash ceramisite; filler; wastewater; biofilm; aeration

曝气生物滤池（BAF）是在普通生物滤池的基础上借鉴给水滤池工艺而开发的污水处理新工艺[1-3]。它集生物处理和泥水分离于一体，占地小、工艺简单、运行成本较低、出水水质好，非常适合我国国情。填料作为曝气生物滤池的核心组成部分，对其处理效果和运行控制极为重要，其主要性能指标包括破损率、比表面积、孔隙率、表面粗糙度等[4]。

收稿日期：2014-12-10；修改稿日期：2015-03-12。

第一作者：李倩炜（1990—），女，硕士研究生，主要从事污水处理方面的研究。E-mail lqwlhb@https://www.360docs.net/doc/974938539.html,。联系人：周笑绿，硕士，教授，主要研究方向为水污染控制、环境管理。E-mail xluzhou@https://www.360docs.net/doc/974938539.html,。