英语翻译练习题

Some Exercises

Translate the Following Passages into English:

（3 points for each）

1.右倾机会主义会将革命引入歧途，因此，通过整风运动统一党内的思想是必要的。

2.落后反动的生产关系与生产力发展是不相容的所以，地主阶级和买办都是中国人民的敌人。

3.建设有中国特色社会主义是时代赋予我们的光荣而艰巨的任务。

4. 缺乏民主是导致个人崇拜和对知识精英进行错误迫害的潜在原因。因此，党内应该实行民主集中制的组织原则。

5.整个社会日益分裂为两大敌对的阵营，分裂为两大相互直接对立的阶级：资产阶级和无产阶级。

6是否承认生产力是社会发展的动力，即生产力的革新推动生产关系的发展将科学社会主义与空想社会主义区分开来。

7.在溶入世界的过程中，民族的片面性需要在一个更广泛的范围内得到辩证的理解。

8.马克思主义历史唯物主义哲学认为，任何一度促进facilitate生产力发展的制度必将在未

来的某个时候成为生产力发展的桎梏。这个过程必然是辩证的。

9.造物主赋予每个人平等的权利，因此每个人生下来就具有一些不可分割的权力，具体包

括生命，自由，和追求快乐的权利。

10.中央书记处是中央政治局和它的常务委员会的办事机构，中央书记处成员由中央政治局常务委员会提名，中央委员会全会通过。

5 points for each

1)为了实现中华民族的伟大复兴的中国梦，党中央应该在全面建设小康社会的关键时期领导和团结全国各族人民，解放思想，实事求是，坚定理想和信念，在邓小平理论和三个代表重要思想的指引下，为全面贯彻落实科学发展观而奋斗。在这个关键性的时期，我们应该更加认识到党所肩负的历史使命。

2)在全面建设小康社会的关键阶段，我们应该高举有中国特色社会主义的伟大旗帜，在邓小平理论，三个代表重要思想和科学发展观的指导下，解放思想，克服艰难险阻，为全面建设有中国特色社会主义市场经济而奋斗！

3)当前的我们需要进一步推动社会主义核心价值体系建设，通过不断促进文化产业的发展满足人们日益增长的精神文化需求。这也同样是改善民生的重要一步。爱国统一战线的建立和巩固（consolidate) 需要我们加强社会主义核心价值体系的建设。

4) 生产力和生产关系无时无刻都在发生复杂的变化，因此我们应该坚持马克思主义的唯物辩证法，在邓小平理论和三个代表重要思想的指导下，促进社会和谐，提高人民生活，为全面建成小康社会而奋斗，只有这样，才能完成时代赋予我们的光荣而艰巨的任务。

5)党的建设全面加强。学习实践科学发展观活动取得重要成果，党的建设改革创新迈出重

要步伐。党内民主进一步扩大。干部队伍建设取得重要进展，人才工作开创新局面。创先争优活动和学习型党组织建设深入进行，基层党组织不断加强。党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争取得新成效。

6)地主阶级和买办阶级。在经济落后的半殖民地的中国，地主阶级和买办阶级完全是国际

资产阶级的附庸，其生存和发展，是附属于帝国主义的。这些阶级代表中国最落后的和最反动的生产关系，阻碍中国生产力的发展。他们和中国革命的目的完全不相容。特别是大地主阶级和大买办阶级，他们始终站在帝国主义一边，是极端的反革命派。其政治代表是国家主义和国民党右派。

Translate the following passages into Chinese: 5 points for each

1) The discovery of America, the rounding of the Cape, opened up fresh ground for the rising bourgeoisie. The East-Indian and Chinese markets, the colonization of America, trade with the colonies, the increase in the means of exchange and in commodities generally, gave to commerce, to navigation, to industry, an impulse never before known, and thereby, to the revolutionary element in the tottering feudal society, a rapid development.

2) We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. --That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.

3) The bourgeoisie, during its rule of scarce one hundred years, has created more massive巨大and more colossal 巨大productive forces than have all preceding先前的generations together. Subjection of nature‘s forces to man, machinery, application of chemistry to industry and agriculture, steam navigation, railways, electric telegraphs, clearing of whole continents for cultivation, canalization or rivers, whole populations conjured out of 变戏法变出the ground -- what earlier century had even a presentiment预感that such productive forces slumbered沉睡in the lap（范围）of social labor?

4)The middle bourgeoisie. This class represents the capitalist relations of production in China in town and country. The middle bourgeoisie, by which is meant chiefly the national bourgeoisie, is inconsistent in its attitude towards the Chinese revolution: they feel the need for revolution and favour the revolutionary movement against imperialism and the warlords when they are smarting 痛苦under the blows of foreign capital and the oppression of the warlords, but they become suspicious of the revolution when they sense that, with the militant participation of the proletariat at home and the active support of the international proletariat abroad, the revolution is threatening the hope of their class to attain the status of a big bourgeoisie.

5)The bourgeoisie, during its rule of scarce one hundred years, has created more massive巨大and more colossal 巨大productive forces than have all preceding先前的generations together. Subjection of nature‘s forces to man, machinery, application of chemistry to industry and agriculture, steam navigation, railways, electric telegraphs, clearing of whole continents for cultivation, canalization or rivers, whole populations conjured out of 变戏法变出the ground -- what earlier century had even a presentiment预感that such productive forces slumbered沉睡in the lap（范围）of social labor?

6)At its Sixteenth Congress the Party established the important thought of Three Represents as its guide and made the strategic decision to build a moderately prosperous society in ail respects. In order to implement the guiding principles of the congress, the Central Committee convened sessions, at which it made decisions on and arrangements for major issues of overall significance such as deepening institutional restructuring, improving the socialist market economy, strengthening the governance capability of the Party, drawing up the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-10), and building a harmonious socialist society.

3. Answer the following questions 5points for each

1)what does CPPCC stands for? What is the function of this organization?

2) What are the differences between the powers of President of PRC and President of USA ?