英语第四单元课文及译文.
第四单元
a部分
The American Dream means different things to different people. But for many, particularly immigrants, it means the opportunity to make a better life for themselves. For them the dream is that talent and hard work can take you from log cabin to White House. Tony Trivisonno did not rise quite so high, yet he managed to make his own dream come true.
美国梦对不同的人有不同的意义。但对许多人，尤其是对移民而言，它意味着改善自己生活的机会。对于他们，美国梦的含义就是才能与勤劳能让你从小木屋走向白宫。托尼·特里韦索诺并没有爬到那么高，但他成功地使自己的梦想成真。
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Tony Trivisonno's American DreamFrederick C. CrawfordR T 1. He came from a rocky farm in Italy, somewhere south of Rome. How or when he got to America, I don't know. But one evening I found him standing in the driveway, behind my garage. He was about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin.
托尼·特里韦索诺的美国梦
弗雷德里克·C·克罗弗德
他来自意大利罗马以南某地一个遍地是石头的农庄。他什么时候以及怎么到美国的，我不清楚。不过，有天晚上，我看到他站在我家车库后面的车道上。他身高五英尺七、八左右，人很瘦。
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R T 2. "I mow your lawn," he said. It was hard to comprehend his broken English.
“我割你的草坪，”他说。他那结结巴巴的英语很难听懂。
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R T 3. I asked him his name. "Tony Trivisonno," he replied. "I mow your lawn." I told Tony that I couldn't afford a gardener.
我问他叫什么名字。“托尼·特里韦索诺，”他回答说。“我割你的草坪。”我对托尼讲，本人雇不起园丁。
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R T 4. "I mow your lawn," he said again, then walked away. I went into my house unhappy. Yes, these Depression days were difficult, but how could I turn away a person who had come to me for help?
“我割你的草坪，”他又说道，随后便走开了。我走进屋子，心里有点不快。没错，眼下这大萧条的日子是不好过，可我怎么能把一个上门求助的人就这么打发走呢？
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R T 5. When I got home from work the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the garden weeded, and the walks swept. I asked my wife what had happened.
等我第二天晚上下班回到家，草坪已修整过了，花园除了草，人行道也清扫过了。我便问太太是怎么回事。
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R T 6. "A man got the lawn mower out of the garage and worked on the yard," she answered. "I assumed you had hired him."
“有个人把割草机从车库里推出来就在院
子里忙活起来，”她回答说。“我还以为是你雇他来的。”
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R T 7. I told her of my experience the night before. We thought it strange that he had not asked for pay.
我就把前晚的事跟她说了。我俩都觉得奇怪，他怎么没提出要工钱。
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R T 8. The next two days were busy, and I forgot about Tony. We were trying to rebuild our business and bring some of our workers back to the plants. But on Friday, returning home a little early, I saw Tony again, behind the garage. I complimented him on the work he had done.
接下来的两天挺忙，我把托尼的事给忘了。我们在尽力重整业务，要让一部分工人回厂里来。但在星期五，回家略微早了些，我又在车库后面看到了托尼。我对他干的活夸奖了几句。
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R T 9. "I mow your lawn," he said.
“我割你的草坪，”他说。
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R T 10. I managed to work out some kind of small weekly pay, and each day Tony cleaned up the yard and took care of any little tasks. My wife said he was very helpful whenever there were any heavy objects to lift or things to fix.
我设法凑了一小笔微薄的周薪，就这样托尼每天清扫院子，有什么零活，他都干了。我太太说，但凡有重物要搬或有什么要修理的，他挺派得上用场。
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R T 11. Summer passed into fall, and winds blew cold. "Mr. Craw, snow pretty soon," Tony told me one evening. "When winter come, you give me job clearing snow at the factory."
夏去秋来，凉风阵阵。“克罗先生，快下雪了，”有天晚上托尼跟我说。“等冬天到了，你让我在厂里干扫雪的活。”
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R T 12. Well, what do you do with such determination and hope? Of course, Tony got his job at the factory.
啊，对这种执着与期盼，你又能怎样呢？自然，托尼得到了厂里的那份活儿。
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R T 13. The months passed. I asked the personnel department for a report. They said Tony was a very good worker.
几个月过去了。我让人事部门送上一份报告。他们说托尼干得挺棒。
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R T 14. One day I found Tony at our meeting place behind the garage. "I want to be 'prentice'," he said.
一天我在车库后面我们以前见面的地方看到了托尼。“我想当学徒，”他说。
b部分
He was an illegal immigrant making a living picking tomatoes. Now Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa excels in a different field — as a top brain surgeon.
他曾是个非法移民，靠采西红柿度日。如今，阿尔弗雷多·金尼奥内斯-伊诺霍萨作为一流的脑外科医生在另一个领域卓尔不群。
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With His Own Two HandsMax AlexanderR T 1. The hot
sun burned his skin as Alfredo Quinones-Hin
ojosa bent in the field to pick tomatoes. It was work few Americans would do for just $155 a week, and most of his co-workers on this 10,000-acre farm in central California were, like Quinones, illegal Mexican immigrants.
他用自己的双手实现了梦想
麦克斯·亚历山大
阿尔弗雷多·金尼奥内斯-伊诺霍萨弯着腰在田地里采摘西红柿，炽热的太阳灼烤着他的肌肤。很少有美国人愿意为了一星期挣区区155美元去干这个活。在加州中部这个方圆10,000英亩的农场上，跟金尼奥内斯一起打工的伙计，大多与他一样是来自墨西哥的非法移民。
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R T 2. It had been a year since Quinones jumped the fence in the border city of Calexico, California, with the help of his cousin on January 2, 1987, Quinones's 19th birthday.
一年前，在1987年的1月2日，金尼奥内斯19岁生日那天，他在表兄弟的协助下跃过了加州边境城市加利西哥市的隔离栏，进入了美国。
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R T 3. The oldest of five children, Alfredo began work at age five, pumping gas at his father's filling station. When he grew older, he helped bring in extra money by working at a taco stand.
阿尔弗雷多是家里五个孩子中的老大，五岁起便开始干活，在父亲经营的加油站里给汽车加油。长大一点以后，他又在一个卖玉米面卷的摊子打工，帮家里挣些额外收入。
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R T 4. Still, he kept up with school. "My father kept telling me, 'You want to be like me? Just never go to school.' And I was not going to follow the same path." At age 14, Quinones qualified for an accelerated program in Mexicali that prepared students for jobs as elementary school teachers.
但是，他仍旧继续他的学业。“父亲总是对我说，‘你想像我这样吗？那就别去上学。’我可不想步他的后尘。”14岁的时候，金尼奥内斯取得了进入墨西卡利市一个速成班的资格，那个速成班要把学生培养成小学教师。
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R T 5. He graduated near the top of his class. But because his family had no political connections, he was assigned a teaching job at a remote school. "I wasn't willing to put up with that injustice," he says.
他几乎以班里最优异的成绩毕业。然而，由于家里没有有权有势的熟人，他被分配在一个边远的学校任教。“我不愿忍受那种不公的待遇，”他说道。
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R T 6. Shortly after, he decided to leave Mexico in search of better options. He had been to America twice before, doing summer labor. So on his arrival, Quinones headed with his cousin for the San Joaquin Valley to work in the fields. "I picked tomatoe
s, cauliflower, broccoli, corn, grapes."
不久，他打算离开墨西哥去寻找更好的机会。以前，他来过美国两次，在夏季打短工。所以，这次到来之后，他就和表兄弟直奔圣华金河谷，找农活干。“我采西红柿、花椰菜、球花甘蓝，还收玉米，摘葡萄。”
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R T 7. When Quinones looked up from the dirt, the best job he could see was driving the big tractors. The drivers were skilled, and they supervised crews. He was told it took ten years of fieldwork to land such a promotion, but Quinones was soon behind the wheel of sophisticated plows and ditchdiggers. He learned how to service the engines and qualified for a temporary work permit.
在农田里抬头望去，金尼奥内斯能看到的最好工作便是开大型拖拉机。拖拉机手都有技术，还监管其他劳工。别人告诉他，要想得到这种晋升机会，需要干完十年农活。然而，没过多久，他就操纵起结构复杂的犁和挖沟机了。他还学会了如何检修发动机，拿到了临时工作许可证。
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R T 8. A few months later, Quinones told his cousin he was going to leave the farm. His response was, "What are you talking about? If you keep working here, one day you'll be the foreman!"
几个月后，金尼奥内斯告诉表兄弟他打算离开农场。表兄弟回答说：“你胡说什么？在这里坚持干下去，有一天你能当上工头！”
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R T 9. "Sometimes you have to be willing to risk," Quinones said.
“有时人得冒点险嘛，” 金尼奥内斯说道。
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R T 10. He moved to Stockton and took a job in a rail yard so he could attend night school at San Joaquin Delta College, learning English. His first job, shoveling sulfur, was the worst of his life — smelly and filthy. Once again, he scrambled to acquire new skills, this time as a welder repairing valves on tank cars. Within a year, he'd become a foreman.
他来到斯托克顿，在一个铁路车辆调度场找到一份活。这样，他就可以在圣华金三角洲学院上夜校学习英语。他的第一份工作——铲硫磺，又臭又脏，是他一辈子干过的最糟糕的工作。像从前那样，他又一次努力学会了新的技能，这次是作为焊工修理罐车的阀门。不到一年，他当上了工头。
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R T 11. With his English improving, Quinones switched to the night shift and began full-time studies in science and math. To make ends meet, he also tutored other students.
金尼奥内斯英语长进了，他就改上夜班，开始全日学习科学和数学。为了维持生计，他还兼当其他学生的辅导老师。
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R T 12. After graduating with an associate's degree in 1991, Quinones was accepted to the U
niversity of California, Berkeley. He moved to a low-r
ent district in Oakland, getting by on a combination of scholarships, loans, a small grant and, as always, work.
1991年，他获得准学士学位以后，被加州大学伯克利分校录取。他搬到奥克兰一个房租低廉的地区，靠奖学金、贷款、少量的补助金以及一如既往地打工勉强度日。
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R T 13. Quinones excelled in the competitive environment of Berkeley, getting straight A's in advanced classes, writing his honors thesis on the role of drug receptors in the brain and teaching calculus on the side. In the spring of 1993, his mentor looked over his transcripts and told him he stood a good chance of getting into Harvard Medical School. Quinones decided to give it a try.
在伯克利激烈竞争的环境中，金尼奥内斯表现出色，高等课程始终门门优秀。他的优秀毕业论文论述人脑中毒品感受器的作用。作为兼职，他还教授微积分。到了1993年的春季，他的导师看了看他的成绩报告单，对他说他很有希望进入哈佛大学医学院。金尼奥内斯决定试一试。
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R T 14. Harvard accepted him, and Quinones moved East in the fall of 1994. Three years later, Quinones became a U.S. citizen. "I'm sitting there, ten years after hopping the fence, and it hits me how fast I came up."
哈佛录取了他。于是，在1994年的秋季，金尼奥内斯来到了东部。三年后，他成为美国公民。“那是在我翻越隔离栏后的第十个年头，我坐在那儿不禁想到，我的境况改善得多快啊。”
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R T 15. Quinones gave the commencement address when he graduated from Harvard Medical School and continued his training, in neurosurgery, at the University of California, San Francisco. It was an exciting but daunting prospect. Could an illegal Mexican fieldworker become a brain surgeon? It didn't seem possible.
在哈佛医学院毕业时，他在学位颁授典礼上致辞。之后，他又去加州大学旧金山分校接受神经外科学方面的训练。这样的前景既令人兴奋，又令人心悸。一个非法入境的干农活的墨西哥人能成为脑外科医生？似乎不可能。
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R T 16. Residency turned out to be a low point in Quinones' American journey. "Neurosurgery has been reserved for people who come from a long pedigree of medicine," he says carefully. "It's rare that you have someone like me go into this highly demanding field, where lots of patients die." He'd experienced prejudice before — the farm owner's son who looked right through him, a former girlfriend whose mother disdained him for his nationality. "They just ignited my fire even more," he says.
结果，住院实习期成了
金尼奥内斯美国之旅的人生低谷。“神经外科学是为出身医学世家的人士预留的,” 他郑重其事地说。“很少看到像我这样的人能进
入这个要求极高的领域，这是一个许多病人会死亡的领域。” 以前，他曾遭受过歧视——农场主的儿子对他故意视而不见，过去一位女友的母亲因为他的国籍而对他不屑一顾。“他们这样做使我心中的怒火烧得更旺，” 他说。
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R T 17. He admits there were times, working 130 hours a week for $30,000 a year, when he considered quitting. "I felt what my father felt, not being able to put food on the table for my family," he says. "But I had a dream."
为了一年挣30,000美元，每周得干130个小时，他承认有时他想到了放弃。“没能力养家糊口，我感受到了父亲当年的心境，”他说。“但是，我有一个梦。”
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R T 18. Dr. Quinones, the noted brain surgeon, now 40, sits on the edge of a patient's bed. It's a Friday morning at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center in Baltimore, and this will be his second brain surgery patient of the day. The woman, who's in her 60s, has two tumors; one is in the highly sensitive part of the cortex that controls motor movements. Quinones holds her hand and looks into her eyes."I walk a fine line every day between good and bad outcomes, and bad outcomes can mean life or death," he tells her frankly. She nods. Dr. Q, as everyone calls him, believes patients deserve both compassion and honesty. "That is the risk," he concludes. " So we're set. You and I have a date."
此刻，现年40岁的著名脑外科医生金尼奥内斯大夫正端坐在病人的床边。这是一个星期五的上午，在位于巴尔的摩的约翰·霍普金斯湾景医学中心，和他在一起的是这一天他的第二个脑外科手术病人。这位六十多岁的妇女长了两个肿瘤，其中一个长在控制肌肉运动的脑皮层中高度敏感的部位。金尼奥内斯握住她的手，看着她的双眼。“手术结果的好坏，使我每天提心吊胆。坏的结果可能意味着生死存亡。” 他坦率地对她说。她点点头。金大夫——大家都这么称呼他——认为病人值得同情，也理应坦诚相待。“那就是风险所在，”结束谈话时，他对她这样说。“我们一切准备就绪。过一会儿再见。”
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R T 19. The four-and-a-half-hour procedure goes well — the patient comes to with no loss of motor function — and Dr. Q is ecstatic.
四个半小时的手术进行得很顺利——病人苏醒时运动功能没有丧失。金大夫为此欣喜若狂。
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R T 20. Although Dr. Quinones is a relatively young doctor, his colleagues are alre
ady impressed. "Not only is he a talented and conscientious surgeon, but he's very sensitive to the needs of patients," says Dr. Henry Brem, director of neurosurgery at Johns Hopkins. "And he's a joyous person — full of enthusiasm and the mission to do good for the world."
尽管金
尼奥内斯大夫年纪尚轻，他的同事们对他却印象深刻。“他不仅很有才干，尽职尽责，而且他能充分理解病人的需求。” 约翰·霍普金斯湾景医学中心的神经外科主任亨利·布莱姆如是说，“此外，他还是一个浑身洋溢着欢乐的人，热情奔放，充满行善天下的使命感。”
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R T 21. It's now after seven, and Dr. Q has been working for 12 hours. Other surgeons are going home for the weekend, but he is headed for his research laboratory in downtown Baltimore. The lab is an extension of his operating room: Cancerous tissue that he removes in surgery is studied with the goal of finding new therapies. "One hope is that we can make brain cancer a bit more chronic, like diabetes, instead of a devastating lethal disease," he explains.
现在已是晚上七点多，金大夫已连续工作了12个小时。其他医生忙着赶回家度周末，而他却直奔位于巴尔的摩市中心的研究实验室。实验室是他手术室的延伸：他在那里研究手术中摘除的癌组织，借以找到新的治疗方法。他解释说：“我们希望使脑癌变成有点像糖尿病那样的慢性病，而不是一种毁灭性的致命疾病。”
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R T 22. The following afternoon, many of the med students show up at Dr. Q's home for a Tex-Mex cookout. While flipping tortillas on the grill on the back porch, Dr. Q says, "I think my background allows me to interact with my patients in a more humanistic way. When they're scared, I'm one of them. I'm just lucky that patients allow me to touch their brains, their lives. When I go in, I see these incredible blood vessels. And it always brings me back to the time I used to pick those huge, beautiful tomatoes with my own hands. Now I am here, looking at the same color — that bright red that just fills the brain with nutrition and wonder. I'm right there in the field, and I'm just doing it."
第二天下午，许多医科学生来到金大夫家，享用一顿兼具墨西哥及美国南部特色的露天烤肉餐。在后阳台上，金大夫边翻转着烤架上的玉米薄饼边说道：“我想我的背景使我能更加人性化地与病人交往。他们感到害怕时，我感同身受。令我感到幸运的是，病人们允许我触及他们的大脑，触及他们的生命。进入他们的大脑，展现在我眼前的是这些不可思议的血管。此情此景总会把我的思绪带回到我用自己的双手采摘硕大而美丽的西
红柿的那些岁月。此刻，在手术室，看着这同样的颜色——使大脑充满营养和奇迹的鲜红颜色，我仿佛回到了田间，正在那儿劳作。”